JP2999535B2 - Pesticide capsules applied directly on the water surface - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a pesticide capsule for flooded fields and a method of applying the same, and an object of the present invention is to provide a simple and accurate method of applying a capsule directly applied to the water surface.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in rice cultivation, it is common in Japan to work in a flooded paddy field and work continues. In the flooded paddy fields, the drawings are so weak that walking just to avoid muddy waters is a challenge, and the work there is inefficient and extremely hard.

On the other hand, in spraying pesticides, the presence of water helps spread the active ingredients of the pesticides.For pesticides other than foliar treatment, applying granules directly to the water surface has disadvantages such as loss of active ingredients and high costs. Even so, it is dominant because it is easy to spray. In the case of a liquid preparation, a method in which an emulsion or a flowable agent is dropped directly onto the water surface may be adopted.
These methods, compared to the method of diluting in water and spraying,
The application amount is 1/10 to 1/200, and there is an advantage that almost no equipment is required. For this reason, it is considered to be widespread in Japan, where small paddy fields are the mainstream.

However, no matter which method is used, there is almost no method of spraying pesticides without entering the rice field, and power spraying by a large machine can be performed in some limited areas and conditions. It's just To make this possible, there are major problems such as land readjustment and the purchase of machinery, and it takes much time for widespread use, and in many cases, there is no expectation.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When spraying even granules that are relatively easy to spray, they must enter a flooded paddy field, which is a heavy labor and a large-scale operation. There are also restrictions on mechanical spraying. On the other hand, the application of the undiluted solution of the liquid preparation has problems that it is difficult to reach the intended place, that it adheres to clothes or the like, or that when it comes into contact with the leaves of rice, it easily causes chemical damage such as leaf withering.

The present inventors have found that as a simple method of applying a pesticide, it is possible to put a pesticide at almost a target point at a considerable distance if it has a certain size and weight. Focusing on showing good spreadability in water, the present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of various studies on the low-temperature water solubility, strength, storage stability, and the like of the membrane material for capsules.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention relates to 1 to 50 ml of an oily preparation obtained by mixing an agrochemical substance with an oily substance as a solvent or dispersion medium and a surfactant as an emulsifier, dispersant or spreading agent. The present invention also provides a pesticide capsule for direct application to the water surface, which is encapsulated in a gelatin film having improved water solubility at low temperatures, and a method for applying a pesticide using the present pesticide capsule.

Since the capsule of the present invention shows a wide spread in one piece, the application of 10 pieces / 10a is sufficient for application,
Conversely, the operation is extremely simple, even for application of 100 pieces / 10a.
However, from the viewpoint of the size, strength, uniformity of spread, simplicity, etc. of the capsule, it is preferable to apply about 20 to 50 capsules / 10 a.

Inputs should be spread over the entire paddy field. After a few minutes to several tens of minutes, the capsule disintegrates and the film breaks out and the contents erupt, and at first, it rapidly spreads on the water surface and gradually diffuses while emulsifying even in water. In this state, the same effect as when applied to the entire paddy field is obtained. In addition, since the variation in the content of one capsule can be kept within ± 5%, the dosage can be adjusted accurately.

In addition, the effectiveness of the active ingredient is higher than granules,
In many cases, high effects can be obtained. Therefore, it is often possible to reduce the dose of the active ingredient.

The pesticidal active ingredient used in the present invention may be anything other than components that require foliage adhesion and absorption in particular, and is usually a herbicide, a plant growth regulator, and an insecticide that can be applied as granules for paddy fields. , A disinfectant or a mixture thereof.

In this case, the physicochemical properties of the pesticidal drug substance do not matter, and an appropriate oily preparation can be obtained regardless of the melting point, the solubility in water or oil, and the like.

As the solvent or dispersion medium used in the present invention, various organic solvents, for example, xylene, toluene, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, various glycols, alcohols, and mainly as the dispersion medium, for example, soybean oil, cottonseed oil Animal and vegetable oils, machine oils, etc.
Examples include, but are not limited to, mineral oils such as paraffin oil. Usually, the solvent and the dispersion medium are often selected and mixed depending on specific gravity, adjustment of viscosity, compatibility with a surfactant, and the like.

The surfactant used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant, and examples thereof include an alkyl aryl sulfonate, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether sulfate, and an alkyl naphthalene. Anionic surfactants such as sulfonates, polyoxyethylene (hereinafter PO
Non-ionic surfactants such as alkyl allyl ether, POE styryl phenyl ether, POE alkyl ether, POE sorbitan alkylate, POE glycol and polyoxyalkylene glycol.

These may be used alone or in a mixture of several kinds, and an arbitrary mixing ratio can be selected.

In addition, thickeners, suspension stabilizers, anti-decomposition agents, and antioxidants can be added as auxiliary agents.

The capsule membrane component of the present invention makes it possible for the membrane component of the capsule to disintegrate quickly even at a low temperature in many cases, when the water temperature of the paddy field is 20 ° C or less on a cloudy day. One.

That is, the membrane component of a normal soft capsule is composed of a membrane base gelatin, a plasticizer glycerin, and D-sorbitol, to which a coloring agent, a preservative, and the like are added as necessary, and the capsule occupying the total weight of the capsule. The membrane weight is 20
カ プ セ ル 50%, and the film thickness is 0.1-0.4 mm. On the other hand, this capsule is made of a low molecular weight gelatin having higher water solubility than gelatin, water-soluble collagen, starch and other derivatives, cellulose, Dextrin, carrageenan,
Gum arabic, guar gum, pectin, oligosaccharides, etc. are used to partially replace gelatin to increase the water solubility of the membrane itself, and make the capsule membrane weight 10-25% of the whole, and the film thickness is at least partially One place is a capsule directly applied to the water surface with a thickness of 0.15 mm or less.

The composition of the capsule used in the present invention is gelatin, modified gelatin, water-soluble collagen, low molecular weight gelatin, starch and other derivatives, cellulose, dextrin, carrageenan, gum arabic, guar gum, pectin, oligosaccharide, glycerin, D-sorbitol , Sucrose, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, organic acids (citric acid, aspartic acid, succinic acid) and the like, but are not limited thereto.

The shape of this capsule is not particularly limited,
Anything that does not significantly impede ease of introduction, storage, transportation, etc., is acceptable. Generally round, oval, oblong
Molds are preferred.

As a capsule manufacturing method, a liner type or a Scherer type rotary die automatic capsule filling method is generally used, but it is not particularly limited thereto, and a capsule manufacturing method such as a flat plate method or a dropping method may be used.

When storing the capsules, it is desirable to keep them at room temperature (30 ° C. or less) in a package that does not absorb high temperatures and does not absorb moisture.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Table 1 shows typical examples of the pesticidal drug substance used in the present invention together with the compound names and physical properties. Hereinafter, the compound numbers in Table 1 will be used when indicating individual pesticides.

Formulation examples of the present capsule are shown below. All parts are parts by weight. Table 2 shows a list of formulation examples.

Formulation example 1 ・ Compound No.1 15 parts ・ Organic solvent xylene 57 parts Cyclohexane 20 parts ・ Surfactant polyoxyethylene alkylphenol polymer 2 parts Polyoxyethylene sorbitan stearate 1 part Alkylbenzene sulfonate sodium 5 parts These are mixed and dissolved. An emulsion containing 15% of Compound No. 1 was obtained.

 Further, this oily preparation was prepared by a rotary die method using a membrane component-gelatin 80 parts, starch 20 parts glycerin 40 parts, citric acid 2 parts film thickness-average 0.2 mm, minimum 0.1 mm shape-spherical content-10 ml, weight- About 11.5 g of the capsule of the present invention was obtained.

[Formulation No. C-1] Formulation Example 2-Compound No. 1 30 parts-Organic solvent xylene 40 parts-Oil and soybean oil 20 parts-Surfactant Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester 2 parts Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether 1 part Polyoxyerylene stearic acid diester 2 parts Alkyl benzene sulfonate 5 parts These were mixed and dissolved to obtain an emulsion containing 30% of compound No. 1.

 Further, this oily preparation was prepared by a rotary die method using the membrane component-30 parts of gelatin, 70 parts of modified gelatin, 60 parts of glycerin, 1 part of citric acid. Film thickness-average of 0.25 mm, minimum of 0.10 mm Shape-spherical content-5 ml, weight -About 5.0 g of capsules according to the invention were obtained.

[Formulation No. C-2] Formulation Example 3-Compound No. 2 20 parts-Organic solvent xylene 40 parts-Oil Machine oil 30 parts-Surfactant Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester 2 parts Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether 2 parts Polyoxyethylene stearic acid diester 1 part Alkyl benzene sulfonate 5 parts These were mixed and dissolved to obtain an emulsion containing 20% of compound No. 2.

 Further, this oily preparation was subjected to a rotary die method to obtain a film component-gelatin 70 parts, glycerin 50 parts low molecular gelatin 30 parts film thickness-average 0.2 mm, minimum 0.05 mm shape-oval content-20 ml, weight-approx. 24.0 g of the capsule of the present invention were obtained.

[Formulation No. C-3] Formulation Example 4-Compound No. 9 30 parts-Oil and soybean oil 59.5 parts-Surfactant dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid 3 parts Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether 2 parts Polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester 2 parts Polyoxy Ethylene alkylphenyl ether 3 parts Auxiliary agent Xanthan gum 0.2 parts Amorphous silica 0.3 parts These were mixed and pulverized with a sand grinder to obtain a suspending agent containing 30% of compound No.9.

 Further, this oily preparation was prepared by a rotary die method using a membrane component-60 parts of gelatin, 20 parts of low-molecular-weight gelatin, 20 parts of modified gelatin, 30 parts of glycerin, 20 parts of D-sorbitol, 1 part of succinic acid. Shape-disk shape The content of the capsule-30 ml and the weight-about 35.0 g of the capsule of the present invention was obtained.

[Formulation No. C-4] Formulation Example 5-Compound No. 6 20 parts-Oil and soybean oil 70.5 parts-Surfactant Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate 4 parts Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether 2 parts Polyoxyethylene Hardened castor oil 2 parts Polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate 1 part Auxiliary xanthan gum 0.2 parts Amorphous silica 0.3 parts Mix these and pulverize with sand grinder to compound
A suspension containing No. 6 20% was obtained.

 Further, this oily preparation was subjected to a plate method by membrane method: membrane component-gelatin 80 parts, cellulose 20 parts glycerin 50 parts, aspartic acid 1.5 parts film thickness-average 0.15 mm, minimum 0.1 mm shape-spherical content-50 ml, weight- About 55 g of the capsule of the present invention was obtained.

[Formulation No. C-5] Formulation Example 6-Compound No. 5 15 parts No. 8 7 parts-Oil Spindle oil 67.5 parts-Surfactant Alkyl benzene sulfonate 3 parts Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether 3 parts Poly Oxyethylene phenol polymer 2 parts Polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester 2 parts ・ Auxiliary agent Xanthan gum 0.2 parts Amorphous silica 0.3 parts These are mixed and pulverized with a sand grinder to obtain compound No. 5-15% No. 8-7% The resulting suspension was obtained.

 Further, this oil-based preparation was subjected to the plate method by the following plate method: membrane component-gelatin 80 parts, glycerin 40 parts aqueous collagen 20 parts film thickness-average 0.2 mm, minimum 0.05 mm shape-square bag-shaped content-50 ml, weight-approximately 60 g Of the present invention was obtained.

[Formulation No. C-6] Formulation Example 7-Compound No. 4 15 parts No. 1 2.4 parts No. 3 4.5 parts-Oil Machine oil 69.6 parts-Surfactant Dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid 3 parts Polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl Ether 2 parts Polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate 1 part Polyoxyethylene phenol polymer 2 parts Auxiliary xanthan gum 0.2 parts Amorphous silica 0.3 parts Mix these and pulverize with a side grinder. Compound No. 4-15% No. 1 A suspension containing -2.4% No. 3-4.5% was obtained.

 Further, this oily preparation was prepared by a rotary die method using a membrane component-95 parts of gelatin, 5 parts of carrageenan, 40 parts of glycerin, 2 parts of aspartic acid. Film thickness-average 0.2 mm, minimum 0.1 mm Shape-oval content-25 ml, weight -About 30 g of capsules according to the invention were obtained.

[Formulation No. C-7] Formulation Example 8-Compound No. 4 15 parts No. 7 0.6 parts-Oil soybean 73.9 parts-Surfactant Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether acetate 5 parts Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl Ether 2 parts Polyoxyethylene phenol polymer 2 parts Polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate 1 part ・ Auxiliary agent Xanthan gum 0.2 parts Amorphous silica 0.3 parts Mix these, pulverize with a side grinder, Compound No. 4-15% No. 7 A suspension containing -0.6% was obtained.

 The oil-based preparation was further subjected to a rotary die method to obtain a membrane component-60 parts of gelatin, 70 parts of low-molecular-weight gelatin, glycerin, 50 parts of water-soluble collagen, 1 part of citric acid. 10 ml of the capsule of the present invention weighing about 11 g was obtained.

[Formulation No. C-8] Formulation Example 9 ・ Compound No. 10 10 parts ・ Organic solvent xylene 80 parts ・ Surfactant Alkylbenzene sulfonate 5 parts Polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether 3 parts Polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate 2 parts of these were mixed and dissolved to obtain an emulsion containing 10% of Compound No. 10.

 Further, this oily preparation was prepared by a rotary die method using a membrane component-gelatin 50 parts, starch 20 parts glycerin 40 parts, citric acid 2 parts cellulose 30 parts film thickness-average 0.25 mm, minimum 0.05 mm shape-spherical content-5 ml, Weight-about 6 g of capsules of the invention were obtained.

[Formulation No. C-9] The results of the physical properties test of this capsule are shown below.

(Test Example 1) Membrane strength test (drying conditions)-Test method Each capsule was set on a Kiya type hardness tester used for tablet hardness test, pressure was applied, and the hardness when the capsule bursts was taken as the breaking hardness. The film strength was evaluated.

 The results are shown in Table 3.

(Test Example 2) Membrane disintegration rate test Test method-The time from injection of capsules into water tanks at water temperatures of 15 ° C and 25 ° C until ejection of collapse contents was measured.

 The results are shown in Table 4.

(The numerical value is the average value of five pieces, and the fraction is rounded off.) (Test Example 3) Storage test Each of the items was piled up in five stages, placed in a dry state at 30 ° C., and observed three months later for each item.

 The results are shown in Table 5.

The results of the capsule membrane strength test, membrane disintegration rate test, and storage test described above show that this capsule can withstand the pressure during loading and transportation and storage, and has sufficient strength and storage properties. This indicated that the film melted quickly and released its contents.

 The results of a drug efficacy test of this capsule are shown below.

(Example 1) Spreading medicinal efficacy test The initial herbicide was sprayed immediately after the seedling transplantation, but one month later, a 5 m x 20 m unit area was set up in a paddy field that reached the three-leaf stage due to the occurrence of pupae, squirrels, and shrubs. In each capsule, the number adjusted so as to have a dose equivalent to the amount of the normally used ingredient was put into the section in a well-balanced manner. (The target granules were evenly distributed in the plot. The same applies hereinafter.) After 20 days, an observation survey was conducted. The results are shown in Table 6.

Condition at the time of treatment ・ Weather: fine, water temperature: 30 ° C ・ Water depth: 3cm ・ Wind speed: 3-4m / sec (long axis direction) The survey was performed by dividing the long axis direction by 2m. The criteria for the evaluation of the herbicidal effect are as follows.

Herbicidal effect 0: Same as untreated area 1: 20% control 2: 40 〃 3: 60 〃 4: 80 〃 5: Complete control (Example 2) A unit area of 10m x 20m was set up in a paddy field to which seedlings were transplanted, and a chemical treatment was performed 3 days after transplantation. One month after the treatment, the results of an observational survey are shown in Table 7.

Survey in comparison with non-treated group put the mark of 1m ² to Zone 10 locations, it was scored on a basis of the first embodiment. (The figures are the average value of 10 places, rounded to two decimal places.) Weeding effect 0: Same as untreated area 1: 20% control 2: 40 〃 3: 60 〃 4: 80 〃 5: Complete control Chemical damage 0: No harm 1: 20% harm 2:40 harm 3:60 〃 4:80 〃 5: Death (Example 3) A tuber of Urikawa and Spodoptera litura was sprinkled into a unit section of 10 m x 20 m set in the same manner as in Example 2, and treatment was performed at the 2.5 leaf stage of Nobie 2 weeks after transplantation.

One month after the treatment, the results of an investigation conducted in the same manner as in Example 2 are shown in Table 8.

(Example 4) Insecticidal effect The occurrence of rice weevil was observed at the 2 to 3.5 leaf stage of the rice in the paddy field which was directly sowed with flooding.

This paddy field was divided into 330 m ² in one section, and a chemical treatment was performed.

Treatment 4 days treatment at the windward each ward later intermediate, divided downwind of 3 blocks, provided a mark of 1 m ² in each block, count the number of insects. The results are shown in Table 9.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yukihiko Inayoshi 6-2-30 Oji, Kita-ku, Tokyo Hodogaya Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Masaji Kikuta 6-2-30, Oji, Kita-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Ryozo Kubo 1-3-9 Higashi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Miyagi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Tokyo Sales Office (72) Inventor Takayuki Fukasawa Kitamatsuno, Fujikawa-cho, Abara-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture 603-6 Examiner Kazuko Nishikawa (56) References JP-A-3-223203 (JP, A) JP-A-3-173802 (JP, A) JP-A-53-99327 (JP, A) 500024 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01N 25/26, 25/04

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) Dissolving 1 to 50 ml of an oily preparation obtained by blending an oily substance as a solvent or a dispersion medium and a surfactant as an emulsifier, a dispersant or a spreading agent in an agrochemical substance, and dissolving it in water at a low temperature. This is a gelatin film with improved properties,
10 to 25%, film thickness is at least partially 0.15
A pesticide capsule directly applied to the surface of the water, which is enclosed in a membrane having a size of not more than mm. 2. A method of applying a pesticide using the pesticide capsule according to claim 1.