JP2998631B2 - Disk unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disk device for recording various data on a recording medium such as an optical disk or a magneto-optical disk, and more particularly to a disk device for recording images and sounds as digital data.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recording media such as optical disks, magneto-optical disks and phase change disks have a large storage capacity and are used for recording digital image signals and audio signals. Since the information amount of the image signal is very large, it is compressed by a high-efficiency encoding process such as DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) in order to enable long-time recording, and then recorded on a disk.

[0003] DCT converts an image of one frame into, for example, 8 images.
The data is converted into a block structure for each pixel × 8 lines and subjected to cosine conversion. NTSC or PAL
A television signal of a system or the like can be decomposed into a component signal including a luminance signal (Y) and two color difference signals (CB) (CR). When such a component signal is subjected to DCT conversion, a unit called a macroblock is formed in which a block of a luminance signal and a block of each chrominance signal at the same position as these are spatially formed.

[0004] Of the component signals, so-called 4:
In the 2: 2 signal, the sampling frequency of the color difference signal is half of the sampling frequency of the luminance signal. Therefore, for example, the luminance signal is set to 4 pixels of 16 pixels × 16 lines.
If one block is used as a unit, the color difference signals (CB) and (CR) spatially in the same range are 8 pixels × 16
It is composed of two blocks for a line. Therefore, the four blocks of the luminance signal and the color difference signals (CB), (CR)
A macroblock is composed of eight blocks obtained by combining two blocks of the above.

[0005] When interlaced, an image for one frame is composed of two fields divided into even-numbered scanning lines and odd-numbered scanning lines. The image signal is DCT-transformed on a macroblock basis, and then encoded so that the code amount for one field has a predetermined fixed length. Such an encoding method is called an intra-field fixed-length encoding method. Since the data amount after the DCT conversion of the image data for one field varies depending on the picture, a buffer memory for one field is usually prepared in order to store the data within a fixed length in field units.

[0006] The encoded data is converted into a data string called a sync block (SB) having a fixed length to which synchronization information is added, in order to facilitate reproduction, and is recorded on a disk device. 525/60 used in NTSC system
In the case of component signals, one frame is 76
0SB, each field being half of 380
It is SB. 625/5 used in PAL system
In the case of a 0 component signal, one frame is 9
Each field consists of 12 SB, and each field is 456 SB. 380 SB or 4 that constitutes each field
The 56SB data is called field data.

[0007] The recording area of the disk device is divided into a plurality of concentric tracks from the innermost track 0 to the outermost track n.
As the track radius increases, the amount of data that can be recorded on one track increases. Therefore, if the amount of data to be recorded per track is constant regardless of the radius, the recording density decreases as approaching the outer periphery,
The recording area cannot be effectively used. Therefore, there is a disk device in which the amount of data to be recorded on one track is increased in proportion to the radius of the track, and recording is performed at a fixed minimum recording wavelength.

FIG. 20 shows how field data of 380 SB is arranged on a recording track of a disk device having a fixed minimum recording wavelength. The total number of tracks on the optical disk is 51300, which is divided into 90 clock blocks (CBLKs) each having 570 tracks. Disk rotation speed is 63.980963 rp
s (380 × 59.94 ÷ 356). In the 0th CBLK composed of the 570 tracks on the innermost side, 356 SB of data is recorded per track. In the first CBLK, 360 per track
In the case of the SB and the second CBLK, it is 364 SB, and the recording data amount per track increases by 4 SB each time the clock block number increases by “1”.

380 SB of the 0th field data 201
Is 356 in the 0th track 203 of the 0th CBLK 202.
The SB is recorded, and the remaining 24 SBs are recorded on the first track 204.
Will be recorded. 380S of the first field data 205
B is the 33rd track on the first track 204 of the 0CBLK202.
2 SB and the remaining 48 SB are recorded on the third track 206. Thereafter, each field data is sequentially recorded.
In the 533rd field data 207, 24 SBs are recorded on the 568th track 208, and the remaining 356SBs are recorded on the 569th track 209. Thus, 534 fields of data are just recorded in the 0th CBLK.

In the first CBLK (not shown), 360 SB can be recorded per track. 1st CBL
On the 570th track belonging to K, 360SB of 380SB of the 534th field data is replaced with the remaining 20S.
B is recorded on track 571. Similarly, the 535th
The field data is 340 SB on the 571st track.
However, 40SB is recorded on track 572. Thereafter, the same is recorded, and 40 of the 1073rd field data is recorded.
The SB is on track 1138 and the remaining 360 SBs are on track 1
It is recorded on track 1139 which is the last track of CBLK. In the first CBLK, data for 540 fields is just recorded.

In the sixth CBLK 211, data of 380 SB is recorded per track. Therefore, since the data size that can be recorded on the track matches the size of one field data, one field of data is recorded for each track. That is, the 3294rd field data 212 is stored in the 3420th track 213,
The 3295th field data 214 is recorded on the 3421th track 215, respectively. Then, the 3863th field data 216 is recorded on the 3989th track 217 which is the last track of the 6th CBLK. Therefore, 570 fields of data are just recorded in the sixth CBLK.

The 89th CB which is the final clock block
The LK 221 can record 712 SB of data per track. Therefore, 380SB of the 72022th field data 222 and 332SB of the 72023th field data 223 are recorded on the 50730th track 224. The remaining 48 SBs of the 71023 field data 223 are recorded on the 50731 track 225. The 72089th field data 226 is recorded on the 51299th track 227 which is the last track of the 89CBLK. In this way, 1068 fields of data are just recorded in the 89th CBLK.

FIG. 21 shows how field data of 456 SB is arranged on a recording track of a disk device having a fixed minimum recording wavelength. The total number of tracks on the optical disk is 51300, which is divided into 90 clock blocks (CBLKs) each having 570 tracks. The number of rotations of the disk is 64.444944 rp
It is constant at s (380 × 60.00 ÷ 356). In the 0th CBLK composed of the 570 tracks on the innermost circumference side, 365 SBs of data are recorded per track. Thereafter, each time the clock block number increases by “1”, the recording data amount per track increases by 4 SB.

456 SB of the 0th field data 231
Is 356 in the 0th track 233 of the 0CBLK232.
The SB is recorded, and the remaining 100 SBs are recorded on the first track 23.
4 recorded. 456 of the first field data 235
The SB has 256 SBs on the first track 234 and the remaining 2
00SB is recorded on the third track 236. Thereafter, each field data is sequentially recorded, and the 444th field data 237 is recorded on the 568th track 238 by 100 SB.
However, the remaining 356SB is recorded on the 569th track 239. As described above, 445 fields of data are just recorded in the 0th CBLK.

The first CBLK (not shown) can record 360 SBs per track. 1st CBL
On the 570th track belonging to K, 360SB of 456SB of the 445th field data is stored in the remaining 96S.
B is recorded on track 571. Similarly, the 446th
The field data is 264 SB on the 571st track.
However, 192SB is recorded on track 572. Thereafter, the same information is recorded, and 96 out of the 894th field data are recorded.
The SB is on track 1138 and the remaining 360 SBs are on track 1
It is recorded on track 1139 which is the last track of CBLK. In the first CBLK, data for 450 fields is just recorded.

In the 25th CBLK 241, 456 SB of data is recorded per track. Since the data size that can be recorded on a track matches the size of one field data, one field of data is recorded for each track. That is, the 12625th field data 242 includes the twelfth track
The 626 field data 244 is recorded on the 14251st track 215, respectively. Then, the 13194th field data 246 is recorded on the 14819 track 247 which is the last track of the 25th CBLK. Therefore, 570 fields of data are just recorded in the 25th CBLK.

The 89th CB which is the final clock block
The LK 251 can record 712 SB of data per track. Therefore, 456SB of the 59185th field data 252 and 256SB of the 59186th field data 253 are recorded on the 50730th track 254. The remaining 200 SBs of the 59186th field data 253 are 50731
It is recorded on track 255. The 60074th field data 256 is recorded on the 51299th track 257 which is the last track of the 89th CBLK. In this way, 890 fields of data are just recorded in the 89th CBLK.

As described above, when the code amount for one field is made constant by the fixed length coding in the field, 525/6
Both the 0 component signal and the 625/50 component signal can be recorded on a disk by arranging them on the recording track as described above, with a constant recording wavelength and a constant disk rotation speed. In the case of using the in-field fixed-length encoding method, a buffer memory for one field for controlling the code amount and a processing circuit for adjusting the code amount are required. In addition, the calculation for adjusting the code amount requires time corresponding to one field.

[0019]

By the way, as compared with the case where the intra-field fixed-length encoding is performed, the intra-frame fixed-length encoding or the field / frame encoding in which a frame corresponding to two fields is encoded in a fixed length unit. Adaptive encoding results in higher image quality. However, in the case of using the intra-frame fixed-length coding scheme or the field / frame adaptive coding scheme, if the compression rates are equal, 1
The code amount for one frame is 2 of the code amount for one field.
Double. For this reason, the capacity of the buffer memory for controlling the code amount is doubled, and the configuration of the processing circuit is complicated. In addition, there is a problem that the time required for the calculation for controlling the code amount becomes long.

In the fixed length coding within a frame, the data amount as a recording unit is doubled as compared with the fixed length coding within a field. There is a problem that the code amount increases and the error propagation becomes weak. For the same reason, it is weak to variable speed reproduction. Further, there is a problem that the interpolation length of the audio data when a burst error occurs is doubled, and the audio is significantly deteriorated.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk device suitable for forming recording data in frame units.

[0022]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, (a) an image signal for one frame consisting of a luminance signal and a color difference signal is input, and an image area in one frame is divided into a matrix. Macroblock forming means for forming a macroblock in which a luminance signal and a color difference signal corresponding to each of the plurality of rectangular areas are set; (b) a macroblock for one frame formed by the macroblock forming means; each Makuroburo its position in the frame
(C) shuffling by shuffling the screen in the vertical direction of the screen in units of blocks , and (c) macroblocks for one frame after shuffling by the shuffling means for one row in the horizontal direction of the screen under the arrangement after shuffling. (D) the amount of data obtained by compressing the image signal included in each shuffling slice divided by the shuffling slice becomes a constant amount for each shuffling slice. and compressing means for compressing as the attribute data adding means for adding a predetermined attribute data using the same during the playback data for each shuffling slice after being compressed by the (e) compression means, (to) this Attribute data by attribute data adding means The disk device is provided with recording means for recording image data for each shuffling slice to which data has been added on a disk as a recording medium.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, one frame of image data is shuffled in units of macroblocks, and the disk is reproducible for each shuffling slice composed of one horizontal row of macroblocks in the arrangement after shuffling. It is recorded in. The rectangular areas of the macro blocks included in each shuffling slice are scattered throughout the screen before shuffling. Therefore, if one shuffling slice can be reproduced, a screen of one frame can be reproduced, albeit roughly.

For this reason, even if a part of the image data of each frame recorded on the disc has a failure, one
The entire screen of the frame can be reproduced, which is advantageous for error propagation and variable speed reproduction. Also, since the amount of code after compression is fixed in units of shuffling slices,
The buffer size for adjusting the code amount can be reduced. Further, the processing time for adjusting the code amount can be reduced, and the scale of the circuit for adjusting the code amount can be reduced.

Further, the image signal is composed of a first component signal and a second component signal having the same number of effective pixels per line.
Wherein the ratio of the number of shuffling slices when the first component signal is divided to the number of shuffling slices when the second component signal is divided is determined by the shuffling slice means. The image data for one frame is divided so as to be equal to the ratio of the number of effective lines of the signal, and the compression means compresses one shuffling slice of the first component signal and one of the second component signal. Each shuffling slice is compressed so that the data amount when two shuffling slices are compressed becomes equal to each other, and the recording means adds attribute data to each of the first component signal and the second component signal. After each shuffling slice The data recorded in a certain integer number of sync blocks.

That is, regardless of whether the first component signal or the second component signal is recorded, the code amount per shuffling slice is kept constant. On the other hand, the difference between the number of effective lines in one frame of both component signals is adjusted by the number of shuffling slices formed from one frame.
In both component signals, the number of sync blocks required to record one shuffling slice on the disk is the same integer value. As described above, since the number of sync blocks per one shuffling slice is the same for any component signal, these two component signals are mixedly recorded on one disk, and conversion between component signals is performed. Can be easily performed. For example, a 525/60 component signal can be used as the first component signal and a 625/50 component signal can be used as the second component signal.

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0034]

FIG. 1 shows an outline of the configuration of a data processing section of a disk drive according to an embodiment of the present invention. The data processing unit 11 includes a recording system and a reproduction system. The input image signal 12 to the recording system is 525/6
Either a 0 component or a 625/50 component signal. The 525/60 component signal has 512 effective lines per frame.
This is a so-called 4: 2: 2 signal having a luminance signal sampling frequency of 13.5 MHz (megahertz) / 8 bits and a color difference signal sampling frequency of 6.75 MHz / 8 bits.

The 625/50 component signal is
The number of effective lines per frame is 608, and the luminance signal sampling frequency is 13.5 MHz (megahertz) /
8-bit, color difference signal sampling frequency is 6.75 MH
This is a so-called 4: 2: 2 signal of z / 8 bits.

The total number of sync blocks per frame is 760S for a 525/60 component signal.
B, 912 in the case of a 625/50 component signal
SB, the ratio of which is 5: 6. The number of sync blocks allocated for video data per frame is 640 SB for a 525/60 component signal and 760 SB for a 625/50 component signal. These ratios are 32 to 3
It is eight. That is, it is equal to the ratio of the number of effective lines. The input audio signal 13 is a digital audio signal for two channels consisting of 16 bits each quantized at a sampling frequency of 48 KHz (kilohertz).

The macroblock conversion circuit 14 is a circuit for reconstructing the input image signal 12 in units of macroblocks. The shuffling circuit 15 is a circuit for shuffling by exchanging the spatial arrangement within one frame for each macroblock. The DCT circuit 16 is a circuit that performs discrete cosine transform on image data in predetermined block units smaller than macroblocks. The quantization circuit 17 is a circuit that quantizes the output of the DCT circuit 16. The DC difference circuit 18 is a circuit for calculating a difference of a DC component between blocks in a macro block. The variable length coding circuit 19 is a circuit for coding into a variable length code such as a run length code or a Huffman code.

The audio shuffling circuit 21 is a circuit for shuffling the input audio signal 13. The frame data arrangement circuit 22 is a circuit that forms data from the variable length encoding circuit 19 and data from the audio shuffling 21 into a frame according to a frame configuration described later. The correction code addition circuit 23 is a circuit that generates an error correction code for correcting an error at the time of reproduction, and adds the error correction code to a predetermined position in the frame. The output of the correction code adding circuit 23 is input to a recording control circuit that performs recording on an optical disk via an optical head (not shown).

The reproduction system of the data processing section 11 includes an error correction circuit 31 for correcting an error of data read from an optical disk (not shown), and a frame structure of the data after the error is corrected. A frame data decomposing circuit 32 for extracting audio data is provided.
The video data output from the frame data decomposition circuit 32 is input to a variable length decoding circuit 33 for decoding the video data. The decoded video data is added to the DC component difference value by the DC addition circuit 34 and restored to the original DC component. The output of the DC addition circuit 34 is inversely quantized by an inverse quantization circuit 35, and then inverse DCT
T conversion is performed.

The output signal of the inverse DCT circuit 36 is input to the image deshuffling circuit 37, and each macro block is returned to the original spatial arrangement before shuffling. The macroblock decomposition circuit 38 disassembles each macroblock and outputs an output image signal 39 obtained as a result of restoring the macroblock into a component signal including a luminance signal and a color difference signal. The audio data extracted by the frame data decomposition circuit 32 is input to the audio deshuffling circuit 41. The audio deshuffling circuit 41 is a circuit that outputs an output audio signal 42 in which shuffled audio data is restored to a state before shuffling.

[0041] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an frame format for recording one frame of 525/60 component signal on the disc. One frame of image and audio data is stored in two parts, a first half frame 51 and a second half frame 52. 5
In the 25/60 component signal, the data for one frame is 760 SB, and each half frame is 3
It is composed of a 80SB. In the figure, 188 each in the vertical direction
A sync block composed of bytes is arranged, and 380 of these sync blocks are arranged in the horizontal direction in each half frame.

The SYNC area 53 is composed of the first two bytes of each sync block, and stores a sync signal in sync block units. In the SBID area 54, a format ID and a sync block number are written. The VE area 55 and the AE area 56 are edit gap areas provided for editing video data and audio data, respectively. The video data area 57 is an area for storing video data, and the audio data area 58 is an area for storing audio data.

The system areas 61 and 62 are areas for registering various attributes for video data and audio data, respectively. Both the C2 correction code area 63 and the C1 correction code area 64 are areas for storing correction codes for correcting errors in video data in two dimensions vertically and horizontally. The C2 correction code area 65 and the C1 correction code area 66 are storage areas for correction codes for correcting errors in audio data in two dimensions. Since the first half frame 51 and the second half frame 52 have the same frame configuration, the description of the second half frame 52 is omitted.

FIG. 3 shows a frame format when one frame of the 625/50 component signal is recorded on a disk. The data for one frame is divided into two parts, a first half frame 71 and a second half frame 72. The data for one frame is 912 SB, and each half frame is composed of 456 SB.

The data of each area in the frame is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will be omitted. However, the number of sync blocks in the video data area 73 is 38
0 SB, and the audio data area 74 is 24 SB, which is larger than the 525/50 component signal.

Even after being divided into two regions for each half frame, the total number of sync blocks per frame combining these two is 760 SB for a 525/60 component signal and 625/50 component signals. The signal case is 912 SB, and these ratios are 5 to 6
It has become. The number of video data sync blocks allocated to each half frame is 525/60.
325/50 at 320 SB for component signals
In the case of the component signal, the ratio is 380 SB, and the ratio is 32 to 38. That is, it is equal to the ratio of the number of effective lines of both component signals. As a result, the data can be stored on the disc in the recording format shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 shows the data structure of each sync block. The SYNC area 81 is an area for storing a synchronization signal for each sync block. The SBID area 82 is an area for writing a format ID and a sync block number. As the format ID, attribute data such as a unit of fixed-length coding, the number of effective pixels, the number of effective lines, a frame frequency, and a video data compression method are stored in the video data area in the video data area. In the audio area, attribute data such as a sampling frequency, a quantization bit number, and an audio data compression method are written. The sync block number is a serial number in a frame or a half frame.

The area 83 is an area for storing system data, video data, audio data or C2 correction code. The C1 code area 84 is an area for storing a C1 correction code.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of a macro block. The screen of one frame is divided into blocks of 8 pixels × 8 lines. The macro block is composed of a luminance signal corresponding to an area of 16 pixels × 16 lines and color difference signals (CB) and (CR) spatially in the same range. The luminance signal of the macro block is composed of four blocks 91 to 94 of Y1 to Y4. Since the sampling frequency of the color difference signal is half of the luminance signal, 8 pixels of the color difference signal correspond to 16 pixels of the luminance signal. That is, the range of 8 pixels × 16 lines in the color difference signal matches the range of 16 pixels × 16 lines of the luminance signal.

Therefore, the color difference signal (C
B) is a CB composed of 8 pixels × 8 lines.
The color difference signal (CR) is also generated by two blocks 95, 96 of 1, CB2 and two blocks 97, 9 of CR1, 2.
8. The macroblock is the 4th of the luminance signal.
Blocks 91-94 and four blocks 95- of color difference signals
98 and eight blocks.

When the data after DCT conversion and quantization is divided into an AC component (AC) and a DC component (DC), the DC component Y1 block 91 of the luminance signal uses the quantized data as it is. In the Y2 block 92, the Y1 block 9
1, a difference value from the Y2 block 92 in the Y3 block 93, and a Y value in the Y4 block 94.
The difference value from the three blocks 93 is variable-length coded. In the color difference signal, the value after quantization is used as it is in the CB1 block 95, and the CB2 block 96 is used in the CB1 block 95.
Is subjected to variable length coding. The CR1 block 97 has the same value, and the CR2 block 98 has the CR1
The difference value from block 97 is variable length coded.

Since the image signal is shuffled in units of macroblocks, the correlation between adjacent macroblocks is low. Since the correlation is strong within the macroblock regardless of shuffling, the difference is obtained within the macroblock without taking the difference between the macroblocks and performing variable length coding. Thus, encoding can be performed efficiently.

The first half of one frame is called a first half frame, and the second half is called a second half frame. The frame and the half frame are assigned serial numbers over the entire surface of the recorded disk. The relationship between the frame number and the half frame number is expressed by the following equation. Frame number = Int (half frame number ÷ 2) Expression (1) Here, Int represents an integer part of a quotient. Also, the half frame number in the first half frame is an even number,
The half frame number in the half frame is assumed to be an odd number.

The input video data is shuffled in units of macro blocks.

FIG. 6 schematically shows the state of shuffling. One frame of image data is sliced for each horizontal row in the main scanning direction on a macroblock basis. The macroblocks 102 in the portion 101 sliced in one horizontal row are shuffled at the vertical (vertical) position while keeping the horizontal position as it is. As a result, images in one horizontal row are dispersed and rearranged in one frame.

The slice number is N, the column number when one frame is a matrix is n, and the horizontal macroblock position (row number) in each slice is m. The macro block is a unit of 16 lines in the vertical direction.
Since one frame of the 5/60 component signal is 512, it is sliced into 32 pieces, and their slice numbers (S) are "0" to "31". In the case of the 625/50 component signal, the slice number (S) is 608 lines.
Becomes "0" to "37". The row numbers are "0" to "44" because the sampling frequency of the 525/60 component signal and that of the 625/50 component signal are the same at 720 samples.

Row numbers and column numbers without shuffling are 525/60 component signals and 625/60
Both of the 50 component signals are represented by the following equations. m = S, n = N (2) When shuffling is performed, the row number and column number of the 525/60 component signal after shuffling are expressed by the following equations. m = (5N + 13S) mod 32, n = N (3) When shuffling is performed, the row number and column number of the 625/50 component signal after shuffling are expressed by the following equations. m = (5N + 13S) mod 38, n = N Expression (4) Here, “mod” indicates a remainder obtained by dividing a preceding value of these characters by a following value.

FIG. 7 shows a spatial arrangement in a frame after shuffling a macroblock belonging to slice number "0" of a 525/60 component signal. The numbers in parentheses in the figure represent the row numbers and column numbers in one frame. Column number is "0" ~
The seven macroblocks up to “6” are vertically dispersed every five blocks from the row number “0”. The six macroblocks with column numbers "7" to "12" are distributed vertically every five rows starting with row number "3". In this way, the macro blocks belonging to slice number “0” are evenly distributed and arranged in one frame by shuffling.

FIG. 8 shows a spatial arrangement in a frame after shuffling a macroblock belonging to slice number "0" of a 625/50 component signal. The eight macroblocks with column numbers "0" to "7" are vertically distributed every five rows starting from row number "0". Eight macroblocks with column numbers “8” to “15” are distributed in the vertical direction every five rows starting with row number “2”. Thus, the slice number “0”
The macro blocks belonging to are distributed uniformly within one frame by shuffling.

The shuffled and rearranged macro blocks are sliced again in units of one horizontal row after shuffling. Each slice after shuffling is referred to as a shuffling slice. The data after DCT transformation and quantization is subjected to variable-length coding in units of shuffling slices, and is adjusted so that the code amount per shuffling slice is 20 SB. On this occasion,
As described above, the difference value of the DC component is used in each macroblock, and variable-length coding is performed.

FIG. 9 shows the arrangement of video data in the video data area in the frame of the 525/60 component signal shown in FIG. Since the variable length coding is performed to 20 SB from the 0th shuffling slice to the 31st shuffling slice, 52
In the 5/60 component signal, one frame is 640 sync blocks. The 0th to 15th shuffling slices are stored in the video data area 111 of the first half frame in numerical order, and the 16th to 31st shuffling slices are stored in the video data area 112 of the second half frame in numerical order.

FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of video data in the video data area in the frame of the 625/50 component signal shown in FIG. Since the variable length coding is performed every 20 SB from the 0th shuffling slice to the 37th shuffling slice,
One frame is 76 for a 625/50 component signal.
0 sync blocks. The 0th to 19th shuffling slices are stored in the video data area 121 of the first half frame in numerical order, and the 20th to 37th shuffling slices are stored in the video data area 122 of the second half frame in numerical order.

The 525/60 component signal is 640
SB, 625/50 component signal is 760SB
, These ratios are 32 to 38,
The number of sync blocks matches the number of sync blocks in the video data area in one frame shown in FIGS. At the beginning of each shuffling slice, a shuffling slice number, a shuffling flag indicating the presence or absence of shuffling, and a compression control signal are recorded.

The shuffling slice number is 525 /
In the case of a 60-component signal, the value is any one of “0” to “31”. In the case of a 625/50 component signal, it takes any value from "0" to "37". Further, since the shuffling slice number and the sync block number always correspond one-to-one, if there is a sync block number, the shuffling slice number can be omitted. In that case, the video data can be increased by the number of shuffling slice number bits, and the image quality can be improved. The shuffling flag is
The value is "1" when shuffling is performed, and is "0" when shuffling is not performed. The compression control signal includes quantization table data and the like.

By adding these pieces of information for each shuffling slice, it is possible to reproduce independently for each shuffling slice. Therefore, even if a failure occurs in a part of one frame in a disk device or the like, any one shuffling slice (2
If 0SB) can be reproduced, an image of one frame, albeit roughly, can be reproduced as a whole. As a result, it is advantageous for variable speed reproduction, and is strong against error propagation.

Next, audio data will be described.

For video data, the data amount after encoding for each shuffling slice was fixed at 20 SB, and one frame was divided into two half frames and recorded. Similarly, audio data is recorded separately in each audio data area in the first and second half frames in which corresponding video data is stored. Audio data is shuffled on a frame-by-frame basis,
This is divided into two and stored in each half frame.

If the shuffling is performed in units of one frame and the audio data of any half frame can be reproduced, the interpolation of the audio data can be performed over one frame. Further, by dividing the data into two half frames, video data is recorded between audio data. As a result, even if a burst error occurs in the audio data in one half frame, it is possible to reduce the number of cases where the burst error continues to the audio data in the next half frame.

The audio data is sampled on two channels at 48 KHz and 16 bits. 525/60
In the component signal, there are two types of frames: a frame of 3204 samples (normal frame) and a frame of 3200 samples (leap frame). After four normal frames continue, there is one leap frame, and this is repeated in units of five frames. In the case of the 625/50 component signal, the number of recording samples is the same in each frame, which is 3840 samples (7680 bytes).

FIG. 11 shows the structure of audio data in one sample. The audio data of each sample is composed of 16 bits. Lower 8 bits 1
31 is called a lower symbol and the upper 8 bits 132 are called an upper symbol. The left channel of the audio data in the normal frame of the 525/60 component signal is L0
u to L1601u and L01 to L1601l, and the right channel is indicated as R0u to R1601u and R01 to R16011.

The left channels of the audio data in the reap frame are denoted by L0u to L1601u and L01 to L1.
601l and the right channels are R0u to R1599u, R
0l to R1599l. Here, “L” indicates the left channel, and “R” indicates the right channel. The numbers after these characters indicate the sample numbers. Furthermore, "u" appended to the sample number indicates the upper symbol,
“L” indicates each lower symbol.

It is assumed that the sample number of audio data in the frame of each channel is "AS". In the audio area 62 in each half frame in the frame configuration shown in FIG. 2, 20 sync blocks each having an audio signal area of 166 bytes are arranged, and each half frame has 3320 bytes. If this is equally distributed to the two channels on the left and right, 166 for each channel
It becomes 0 bytes. The last two bytes of the audio area of each sync block are used as ALL0 or an error detection code .
If used, an audio area of 1640 bytes can be used in one half frame for each channel. Therefore, the sampling number "A
“S” can range from “0” to “1639”.

In a normal frame, a sample number range from "0" to "1601" is valid, and a sample number range from "1602" to "1639" is used as AUX. In the reap frame, the sample number in the range of “0” to “1599” is valid, the data of “0” is inserted in the range of the sample number of “1600” to “1601”, and the sample number is “1602”. "~" 163
The range of 9 "is used as AUX. Here, the AUX number is represented by the following equation: Left channel upper symbol ... 4 (AS-1602) Left channel lower symbol ... 4 (AS-1602) +1 Right channel upper symbol ... 4 (AS-1602) +2 Right channel lower symbol ... 4 (AS-1602) +3

When the audio area in the frame format shown in FIG. 2 is a matrix, the row number is m and the column number is n.
Then, the row number in the first half frame is from “0” to
"19", and the line number in the second half frame is "2".
0 ”to“ 39. ”The shuffling of the audio data is performed in such a manner that the even symbols of the left channel and the odd symbols of the right channel are in the first half frame, and the odd symbols of the left channel and the even symbols of the right channel are in the second half frame. To be placed in the
Even if a failure occurs in either the first or second half frame, the even-numbered symbols or the odd-numbered symbols survive.

Therefore, even if a failure occurs in one of the half frames, the odd-numbered symbols are interpolated using the even-numbered symbols in the other half-frame,
Audio can be reproduced by interpolating the even-numbered symbols using the odd-numbered symbols. Thus, even if a failure occurs in the data of one half frame,
Using the other half frame, it is possible to reproduce the audio data with the minimum interpolation length, and it is possible to reduce deterioration in audibility. Furthermore, since the sampling timing of the left channel and the right channel audio data stored in the same half frame is shifted by one sample, the interpolated sections are alternated on the left and right, so that the deterioration in auditory sense is reduced. Can be suppressed.

The arrangement of audio data in the audio area when no shuffling is performed is represented by the following equation.

(Equation 1)

The arrangement of audio data in the audio area with shuffling is represented by the following equation.

(Equation 2)

FIGS. 12 and 13 show the arrangement of audio data corresponding to the 525/60 component signal in the first half frame. FIG.
FIG. 13 shows the arrangement of the first half frame shown in FIG.
Represents the arrangement in the last ten sync blocks.

FIGS. 14 and 15 show the arrangement of audio data corresponding to the 525/60 component signal in the second half frame. FIG. 14 shows FIG.
The arrangement of the second half frame shown in FIG. 15 in the first ten sync blocks in the audio area is shown in FIG.
Represents the arrangement in the last ten sync blocks.

For both normal frames and reap frames, L1602u-1639u and L1602l-L
16391, R1602u to 1639u, and R160
21 to R1639l are used as AUX regions. In the reap frame, L1600u, L1601u, L
1600l, L1601l, R1600u, R1601
u, R16001 and R1601l are used as “0” recording areas.

Next, audio data in the case of a 625/50 component signal will be described. The audio data in one sample is the same as that shown in FIG. However, the audio data of the 625/50 component signal and the audio data of the 525/60 component signal differ in the number of samples per frame. 6
The left channel of the audio data of the 25/50 component signal is denoted by L0u to L1919u, L01 to L1919l.
And R0u to R1919u and R01 to R
Expressed as 1919l.

In the audio area in each half frame shown in FIG. 3, 24 sync blocks each having an area of 166 bytes are arranged.
There is an audio area of 84 bytes. If this is equally distributed to the two channels on the left and right, one for each channel
This is 992 bytes. If the last 2 bytes of the audio area of each sync block are used as ALL0 or an error detection code, 1968 bytes can be used as an audio data storage area in one half frame for each channel. Therefore,
The sampling number “AS” can range from “0” to “1967”.

In a normal frame, a sample number range from "0" to "1919" is valid, and a sample number range from "1920" to "1967" is used as AUX. In the case of 625/50, there is no reap frame.
Here, the AUX number is represented by the following equation. Left channel upper symbol 4 (AS-1920) Left channel lower symbol 4 (AS-1920) +1 Right channel upper symbol 4 (AS-1920) +2 Right channel lower symbol 4 (AS-1920) +3

When the audio area in the frame format shown in FIG. 3 is a matrix, the row number is m and the column number is n.
Then, the row number in the first half frame is from “0” to
"23", and the line number in the second half frame is "2".
4 "to" 47 ". The shuffling of the audio data is performed in such a manner that the even symbols of the left channel and the odd symbols of the right channel are in the first half frame, and the odd symbols of the left channel and the even symbols of the right channel are in the second half frame. To be placed in the
Even if a failure occurs in either the first or second half frame, the even-numbered symbols or the odd-numbered symbols survive, and the audio signal can be reproduced with the minimum interpolation length.

The arrangement of audio data in the audio area when no shuffling is performed is represented by the following equation.

(Equation 3)

The arrangement of audio data in the audio area with shuffling is represented by the following equation.

(Equation 4)

FIGS. 16 and 17 show the arrangement of audio data corresponding to the 625/50 component signal in the first half frame. FIG. 16 shows FIG.
The arrangement in the first half 12 sync blocks in the audio area of the first half frame shown in FIG.
Represents the arrangement in the last 12 sync blocks.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show the arrangement of the audio data corresponding to the 625/50 component signal in the second half frame. FIG.
FIG. 19 shows an arrangement of the second half frame shown in FIG.
Represents the arrangement in the last 12 sync blocks. L1920u-1967u and L192
0l to L19671, R1920u to 1967u,
R1920l to R19667l are used as AUX areas.

In the above-described embodiment, the even-numbered sample data and the odd-numbered data of the audio data are stored in different half frames for the left and right channels. May be stored in the same half frame.

[0090]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the shuffling means is provided by the macroblock forming means.
Of the macroblock for one frame formed by
The position in the system in units of each macroblock
I decided to shuffle the screen vertically.
As a result, the shuffling effect can be kept large,
Image quality degradation can be minimized. In addition,
In the light, if one shuffling slice can be reproduced, it is possible to reproduce a rough but one-frame screen. Therefore, even if a failure occurs in a part of the image data of each frame recorded on the disc, the entire screen for one frame can be reproduced.
Furthermore, since shuffling slices can be played in units,
This is advantageous for error propagation and variable speed reproduction. Further , since the code amount after compression is fixed in units of shuffling slices, the buffer size for adjusting the code amount can be reduced. Further , the processing time for adjusting the code amount can be shortened, and the circuit configuration for adjusting the code amount can be simplified.

Further , for example, 525/60, 625 /
Since the number of sync blocks per one shuffling slice is the same for any of the 50 component signals, these two component signals are mixedly recorded on the disk, and conversion between the component signals is easily performed. be able to.

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a configuration of a data processing portion in a disk device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a frame format when one frame of a 525/60 component signal is recorded on a disc.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a frame format when one frame of a 625/50 component signal is recorded on a disc.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a data configuration of each sync block.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a macro block.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state of shuffling.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a spatial arrangement in a frame after shuffling a macroblock belonging to slice number “0” of a 525/60 component signal.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a spatial arrangement in a frame after shuffling a macroblock belonging to slice number “0” of a 625/50 component signal.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of video data for each shuffling slice in a video data area in a frame of the 525/60 component signal shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of video data for each shuffling slice in a video data area in a frame of the 625/50 component signal shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of audio data in one sample.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 525/60 component signal in the first ten sync blocks in an audio area in a first half frame.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 525/60 component signal in the latter ten sync blocks in an audio area in a first half frame.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 525/60 component signal in the first ten sync blocks in an audio area in a second half frame.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 525/60 component signal in the latter ten sync blocks in an audio area in a second half frame.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 625/50 component signal in the first half 12 sync blocks in the audio area in the first half frame.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 625/50 component signal in the latter 12 sync blocks in an audio area in a first half frame.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 625/50 component signal in an audio area in a second half frame in the first 12 sync blocks.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of audio data corresponding to a 625/50 component signal in the latter 12 sync blocks in an audio area in a second half frame.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where field data composed of 380 SB is arranged on a recording track of a disk device having a fixed minimum recording wavelength.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which field data composed of 456SB is arranged on a recording track of a disk device having a fixed minimum recording wavelength.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 11 data processing unit 12 input image signal 13 input audio signal 14 macroblocking circuit 15 image shuffling circuit 16 DCT circuit 17 quantization circuit 18 DC difference circuit 19 variable length encoding circuit 21 audio shuffling circuit 22 frame data arrangement circuit 23 correction code Additional circuit 31 Error correction circuit 32 Frame data decomposition circuit 33 Variable length decoding circuit 34 DC addition circuit 35 Inverse quantization circuit 36 Inverse DCT circuit 37 Image deshuffling circuit 38 Macroblock decomposition circuit 39 Output image signal 41 Audio deshuffling circuit 42 Output audio signal 51, 71 First half frame 52, 72 Second half frame 101 Shuffling slice 111, 121 Video data area 112 , 122 in first half frame Second half frame Video data area in the

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An image signal for one frame consisting of a luminance signal and a color difference signal is input, and for each of a plurality of rectangular areas obtained by dividing an image area in one frame into a matrix, the luminance signal and the color difference corresponding to the area are divided. Macroblock forming means for forming a macroblock in which a set of signals is formed; and the position of one macroblock formed by the macroblock forming means within the frame in the vertical direction of the screen in units of each macroblock. Shuffling means for shuffling by shuffling; shuffling slice means for dividing one frame of macroblocks shuffled by the shuffling means into shuffling slices for each row in the horizontal direction of the screen under the arrangement after shuffling; Divided by slicing means Compression means for compressing the image signal contained in each shuffled slice after compression so that the amount of data after compression becomes a fixed amount for each shuffling slice; and for each shuffling slice compressed by this compression means. Attribute data adding means for adding predetermined attribute data to be used when reproducing the data to the data, and image data for each shuffling slice to which the attribute data has been added by the attribute data adding means is recorded on a disk serving as a recording medium. de comprising a recording means for recording
A disk device, wherein the image signals are equal to each other in the number of effective pixels per line.
One of the new first and second component signals
Wherein the shuffling slice means comprises:
Shufflings when splitting component signals
The number of rice and the second component signal
The ratio of the number of shuffling slices
1 frame so that it is equal to the ratio of the number of effective lines of the
And compresses the image data for the
Compress one shuffling slice of the component signal
Data amount and one of the second component signals
The amount of data when compressing shuffling slices
Each shuffling slice to give a fixed amount equal to
And the recording means compresses the first component signal and
Attribute data for both the
Data after each shuffling slice
Recording data in a fixed integer number of sync blocks
Characteristic disk device.