JP2972374B2 - Air conditioning system using absorption chiller / heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioning system using an absorption chiller / heater, and more particularly to an air conditioning system using an absorption chiller / heater, which is suitable when air conditioning is required for each individual space. About the system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an air conditioning system using an absorption-type water heater, an example is described in "Small and Medium-sized Gas Air Conditioning System" (Japan Refrigeration Association, issued the third revised edition on March 25, 1989). There are things that are. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration thereof. Fan coil units (FCU) 5 to 9 are arranged in each air-conditioning space on each floor in the building, and a large-capacity absorption chiller / heater 1 installed on the roof is provided. Cold or hot water (hereinafter referred to as cold and hot water) made of
Thus, water is sent to each of the fan coil units 5 to 9 via the cold / hot water outflow pipe 3. Each fan coil unit 5
In ~ 9, heat exchange is performed between cold and hot water and indoor air,
The cold / hot water that has lost the cold or hot heat returns to the absorption-type cold / hot water machine 1 via the cold / hot water machine return pipe 4. In such a conventional air conditioning system, the operation of the absorption chiller / heater is
The automatic operation was performed by a schedule timer, or the operation was started and stopped from an operation monitoring room (not shown).

[0003]

In the above prior art, there is a problem that, when people using the space on each floor want to perform cooling or heating, they cannot operate properly only by operating from the room. In addition, there was a problem that energy saving was not sufficiently performed and the economy was uneconomical.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide an economical absorption-type cooling / heating system in which even when a relatively large-capacity absorption-type chiller / heater is used, cooling / heating operation can be performed only by operation from each fan coil unit. An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning system using a water machine.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to open and close a solenoid valve for charging or draining the cooling water, rotate a cooling water pump for circulating the cooling water, and generate refrigerant vapor inside the cooling water pump. Can be controlled by an input control signal to open and close a switching valve to switch between condensing for cooling and then evaporating again and exchanging heat with cold and hot water or directly exchanging heat with cold and hot water for heating. The cooling / heating operation mode whose cooling / heating operation mode can be switched, a fan coil unit or an air handling unit as a load terminal, and the cooling / heating water provided with the heat output from the absorption cooling / heating device are converted to the above-mentioned condition. A cold / hot water pump for sending to the fan coil unit or air handling unit, and the fan coil unit or air handling unit A controller provided for each unit and an operation signal for designating start / stop and cooling / heating of the absorption chiller / heater from each of the controllers is received to determine an operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater. And a relay controller that stores the determined operation mode. When the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater determined this time is different from the operation mode determined and stored last time, the relay controller determines the operation determined this time. This is achieved by performing a switching process of switching the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater by controlling the solenoid valve, the cooling water pump, and the switching valve before starting the operation in the mode.

[0006]

[Function] If the absorption type water heater / heater has a structure that can automatically switch its operation mode, and the operation mode is automatically set by the relay controller according to the signal from each controller,
The user can reliably and easily perform the cooling / heating operation only by operating the nearby controller. Also, if the relay controller controls the heat input to the absorption chiller / heater or the flow rate of the chilled / hot water from the absorption chiller / heater according to the number of operating fan coil units or air handling units, efficient cooling / heating operation Becomes possible.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to embodiments. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
Fan coil units 5 to 9 are arranged in each of the air-conditioned spaces in the building, and in each of them, starting, stopping, switching operation of the cooling operation mode, the heating operation mode, and the like of the absorption chiller / heater 1 installed on the rooftop. Controller 10 for performing
14 is attached. The signal from each controller is
The signal is input to the relay controller 20 via the signal line 22 shown by the dotted line in the figure, and the output is input to the control panel 21 of the absorption-type water heater / heater 1. Further, a signal line for controlling the rotation speed of the motor of the cold / hot water pump 2 from the relay controller 20 is wired. The hot and cold water pressurized by the hot and cold water pump 2 is supplied to each of the fan coil units 5 to 9 by the hot and cold water outgoing pipe 3.
Water is sent to Solenoid valves 15 to 19 are installed in the cold / hot water inlet piping of each fan coil unit, and open / close operations are performed by signals from the controllers 10 to 14,
The passage and cutoff of cold and hot water are controlled.

Here, controllers 10 to 14 provided in each of the fan coil units 5 to 9 transmit various signals,
A device having a function of receiving and displaying an answerback signal from a transmission destination is used, and generally includes various electronic switches, a liquid crystal display device, and the like. The rotation speed of the cold / hot water pump 2 is controlled by controlling the pump driving motor by a pole number conversion motor or inverter control. The fan coil units 5 to 9 are available on the floor or in the ceiling, and are inexpensive.
The signal line 22 between each of the controllers 10 to 14 and the relay controller 20 adopts a serial transmission technology that requires only two crossover wirings already used in the compressor type air conditioner.

The absorption type chiller / heater 1 can be automatically switched by a device such as a cycle system as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-263057, and its fuel control is controlled by various burner manufacturers. A commercially available variable controllable device can be used. FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of the absorption type water heater / heater 1, and the cooling operation cycle is as follows. During the cooling operation, the cooling / heating switching valves 43 and 44 are closed. Refrigerant (water) in absorber 30
The dilute solution diluted by the above is sent to the high temperature regenerator 34 via the low temperature solution heat exchanger 32 and the high temperature solution heat exchanger 33 by the solution pump 31, where it is heated and the refrigerant is evaporated and concentrated. The dilute solution branched from the outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 32 and sent to the low-temperature regenerator 35 exchanges heat with the refrigerant vapor generated from the high-temperature regenerator 34 to generate secondary refrigerant vapor and to be concentrated. . The concentrated solution concentrated in the high temperature regenerator 34 passes through the high temperature solution heat exchanger 33 and the low temperature solution heat exchanger 32 together with the solution concentrated in the low temperature regenerator 35,
After the sensible heat is given to the dilute solution by the solution heat exchangers 32 and 33, the diluted solution is dispersed in the absorber 30. On the other hand, each of the refrigerant vapors generated by the high-temperature regenerator 34 and the low-temperature regenerator 35 is condensed by the low-temperature regenerator 35 and the condenser 36, and flows down into the evaporator 37 as a refrigerant liquid. Here, the refrigerant is sprayed into the evaporator by the refrigerant spray pump 38, evaporates by obtaining the heat of evaporation from the cold and hot water in the cold and hot water return pipe 4, and evaporates.
It is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber via a vapor passage communicating with zero. The heat of condensation of the refrigerant generated in the absorber 30 is removed by the cooling water circulating through the cooling water pipe 40.
The cooling water circulates through the condenser 36 via the absorber 30 to take away the heat of condensation of the refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator 35, and then discharges the heat of condensation to the outside air in the cooling tower 42,
Cooled. The cooling water is circulated by the pump 41.

At the time of the heating cycle, the cooling / heating switching valve 43,
Reference numeral 44 is opened, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 34 flows into the evaporator 37 via the valve 43 without passing through the low-temperature regenerator 35, and heats the cold / hot water to the cold / hot water return pipe 4. The refrigerant is condensed. The condensed refrigerant liquid is supplied to the refrigerant spray pump 38.
Is sent to the absorber 30 via the cooling / heating switching valve 44,
Then, the concentrated solution sent from the high-temperature regenerator 34 and the low-temperature regenerator 35 and scattered in the absorber is diluted into a dilute solution, and sent to the high-temperature regenerator 34 and the low-temperature regenerator 35 by the solution pump 31 again. In this heating cycle, the cooling water circulation pump 41
Is stopped, heat exchange is not performed in the absorber 30 and the condenser 36, and the operation of the cooling tower 42 is also stopped.
The automatic bleeding device 45 is for discharging non-condensable gas in the machine maintained at the atmospheric pressure or lower, and operates continuously or periodically mainly at the time of switching from the heating to the cooling cycle or at the time of the cooling cycle. To prevent a decrease in cooling capacity.

What should be considered when switching the cooling / heating cycle of such an absorption type chiller / heater is the treatment of the cooling water when switching from the heating to the cooling cycle. In the present invention, the following measures are taken. To achieve a highly reliable system. That is, the temperature sensor 46 is disposed near the absorber 30 or the condenser 36 in the cooling water pipe 40, thereby detecting the temperature of the cooling water after the heating operation, and performing the cooling operation only when this temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. Condition is controlled so that In this way, at the beginning of the cooling operation after the heating operation, the stagnant cooling water in the absorber or the like, which has become hot due to the heat exchange during the heating operation, circulates through the cooling tower and is generally made of plastic or the like. Problems such as deformation of the cooling tower container can be avoided. At the time of switching from the cooling to the heating cycle, the water supply solenoid valve 4 provided in the makeup water pipe of the cooling tower 42
7 from open to closed, the drainage solenoid valve 4 provided in the cooling water pipe 42
8 is closed to open, and the cooling water is drained. In this manner, when switching from the heating to the cooling cycle, the cooling operation can be performed immediately by simply supplying new cooling water having a low temperature to the piping system by the reverse operation of the valves 47 and 48.
When supplying cooling water, the automatic air release solenoid valve 49 is opened from the closed state to release air from the cooling water pipe, and is closed after being filled with water. The above switching operation can be performed automatically, and an absorption type chiller / heater suitable for an individual distributed air conditioning system can be realized.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a control system centered on the relay controller 20.
Is constituted by a microcomputer comprising an input port 50, a processing device 51, a memory 52 for storing processing data and programs, an output port 53, and the like. The signals from the controllers 10 to 14 provided in the fan coil units 5 to 9 in FIG. 1 are input to the input port 50 by serial transmission via the signal line 22 as described above. Controller 1
In addition to 0 to 14, an external input panel 54 for directly inputting an operation signal to the relay controller 20 to perform operation control is provided, and this is also connected to the input port 50. The operation signal input to the input port 50 is processed by the processing device 51 as follows, and is output from the output port 53. The display unit 55 displays the current operating state of the fan coil unit, absorption type water heater, etc.

Operation signals for cooling / heating operation or operation stop of the present system are input from controllers 10 to 14 in each room or the like, but there are a plurality of controllers, which always output the same operation signal. Not necessarily. The relay controller 20 processes the plurality of signals to determine the actual operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater 1, and further controls the absorption chiller / heater 1 and the like in accordance therewith to enable individual air conditioning. Is provided.
For this purpose, first, operation signals from the controllers 10 to 14 are stored in a table in the memory 52. If the signals from all the controllers are stopped, the operation of the absorption chiller / heater 1 and the chiller / heater pump 2 is stopped. When one or more operation signals are input from the controllers 10 to 14, the processing is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. That is, first, in the process 100, it is checked whether or not the absorption-type water heater is operating at that time. If the vehicle is running, even if the operation mode is opposite to the content of the operation signal, it is impossible to switch during the operation, and the process ends without doing anything. When the absorption chiller / heater is stopped, process 10
Proceed to 1 to determine the actual operation mode for a plurality of inputs. One of the determination methods is to take out the operation signal at that time from each controller stored in the memory 52 and set the operation mode in which the demand for heating and cooling is higher as the operation mode at that time. Another determination method is to give priority to the first signal from each controller. As another determination method, each of the controllers 10-1
4 is given an appropriate priority. For example, the signal from the controller in charge of the guest room
The other signals are ranked in the second, third,... Order, and the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater is determined according to the highest rank request among the cooling / warming requests. Further, when an input is made from the external input panel 54 shown in FIG.
The operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater can be determined in accordance with the external input signal in preference to any of the four. Further, as another determination method, when an operation requesting cooling or heating is performed a predetermined number of times or more within a predetermined time by any one of the controllers 10 to 14, regardless of a majority decision according to the operation signal. The operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater is determined at the same time.
A signal can be sent via the control unit 3 to forcefully change the setting mode of all the controllers to the above-mentioned multiple operation mode. At this time, the operation of each fan coil unit also operates according to the setting of the controller. If one or more of the various operation mode determination methods described above is provided, an easy-to-use individual decentralized air conditioning system can be realized.

When the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater is determined as described above, the necessity of switching the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater is determined in the next process 102. This determination is performed by first storing the operation mode determined in the process 101 in the memory 52 to prepare for the next determination and comparing the previously recorded operation mode with the currently determined operation mode. If the two modes match (case A or D), the operation in that mode is started as it is. Case B that was in heating mode this time due to cooling last time
In step 103, switching from cooling to heating is performed. This is a process in which the electromagnetic valve 47 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 48 is opened to drain the cooling water, and the cooling / heating switching valves 43 and 44 are opened as described with reference to FIG. After this process, a heating operation is performed. On the other hand, in case C in which the cooling mode is set this time due to the previous heating, a switching operation from heating to cooling is performed in process 104. This is the operation opposite to the operation of the electromagnetic valve and the operation of the cooling / heating switching valve in the process 103 to perform the filling of the cooling water and the like. Further, after the automatic bleeding device 45 is operated to discharge the non-condensable gas, the cooling operation starts. However, as described above, when the temperature of the cooling water detected by the temperature sensor 46 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the cooling operation is interlocked (process 106), and the cooling water that has become high during heating and remains is discharged to the cooling tower. Avoid inflowing and damaging it.

The relay controller 20 performs an efficient operation by performing a heat output control during a steady operation, in addition to the start / stop and the cooling / heating switching control of the absorption type chiller / heater. Since the number of operating fan coil units performing the cooling / heating operation at that time can be known from the stored contents of the signals from the respective controllers received by the relay controller 20 in the memory, the burner output is determined according to the operating number N. And the number of rotations of the cold / hot water pump. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the control target values of the burner output P (the amount of combustion in the high-temperature regenerator 34) and the inverter output Q for controlling the rotation speed of the chilled / hot water pump 2 with respect to the number N of operating fan coil units are set in steps. As shown, when both the outputs P and Q are small, the number of operating units N is reduced to prevent useless burner output and inverter output. The same effect can be obtained even if the outputs P and Q are continuously changed with respect to the number N. When the number of operating vehicles N approaches 0, it is necessary to secure a minimum output in order to maintain the efficiency of the absorption chiller / heater. In FIG. 6, the output of both the burner and the inverter has a minimum value P ₀ ,
Q ₀ is given.

Generally, a cold and hot water inflow pipe and a return pipe 3,
The pipes 4 are arranged in a reverse return piping layout so that cold and hot water is evenly distributed to each fan coil unit. However, when multi-system piping (not shown) is provided, it is difficult to distribute cold and hot water evenly to fan coil units that are operated at random. In such a case, the fan coil unit signal in the memory of the relay controller 20 is processed for each system, and the flow rate control is performed for each system by arranging a plurality of chilled / hot water pumps to reduce the deviation of the flow rate. You can do it. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the cooling and heating water from the absorption chiller / heater is directly exchanged with the air at the fan coil unit at the load end for cooling and heating. It is apparent that the present invention can be applied to a case where heat exchange between air and air is performed by an air handling unit provided for each floor, and the air is cooled and heated by an air distributor provided for each room.

[0017]

According to the present invention, an economical and easy-to-use individual decentralized air-conditioning system can be realized using an absorption-type water heater / cooler, and can be applied to a wide range regardless of the number of fan coil units. An air conditioning system can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of an air conditioning system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a conventional air conditioning system.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an absorption-type water chiller / heater used in the embodiment in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a relay controller used in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the relay controller.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a heat output control characteristic of an absorption chiller / heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Absorption-type hot-and-cold water machine 2 Cold-hot-water pump 3 Cold-hot-water pipe 4 Cold-hot-water pipe 5 Fan coil unit 6 Fan coil unit 7 Fan coil unit 8 Fan coil unit 9 Fan coil unit 10 Controller 11 Controller 12 Controller 13 Controller 14 Controller 20 Relay Controller 21 Control board 41 Cooling water circulation pump 43 Cooling / heating switching valve 44 Cooling / heating switching valve 45 Automatic bleeding device 46 Temperature sensor 47 Water supply solenoid valve 48 Drainage solenoid valve 49 Air release solenoid valve 51 Processing unit 52 Memory 54 External input board

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tomohisa Ouchi 502, Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside Hitachi, Ltd.Mechanical Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. In the laboratory (72) Inventor Daisuke Hisashima 502 Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref.Hitachi, Ltd.Mechanical Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. Inventor Shunsuke Tamura 1 Kanda Izumi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Hitachi Building Facility Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-60-133277 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) ) F24F 11/02 102 F25B 15/00 306

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] An opening and closing of an electromagnetic valve for charging or draining the cooling water, rotation of a cooling water pump for circulating the cooling water, and condensing refrigerant vapor generated inside for cooling. The cooling / heating operation mode can be controlled by an input control signal to control the opening and closing of a switching valve for switching between evaporating again and exchanging heat with cold / hot water or directly exchanging heat with cold / hot water for heating by an input control signal. A switchable absorption chiller / heater, a fan coil unit or an air handling unit as a load terminal, and a chilled / hot water supplied with heat output from the absorption chiller / heater is sent to the fan coil unit or the air handling unit. And hot and cold water pumps for each fan coil unit or air handling unit And a relay controller that receives an operation signal from each of the controllers to specify start / stop and cooling / heating of the absorption chiller / heater, and determines an operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater. At the same time, the relay controller stores the determined operation mode, and when the currently determined operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater is different from the previously determined and stored operation mode, starts the operation in the currently determined operation mode. An air conditioning system using an absorption chiller / heater, wherein a switching process for switching the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater by controlling the solenoid valve, the cooling water pump and the switching valve is performed. 2. The relay controller stops the absorption chiller / heater when all of the operation signals input from the controller indicate a stop, and when one or more cooling or heating is requested. 2. The absorption type chilled / hot water according to claim 1, wherein a larger one of the number of operation signals requesting cooling and the number of operation signals requesting heating is determined as an operation mode of the absorption type chiller / heater. Air conditioning system using air conditioner. 3. The relay controller sets a priority order in advance for each operation signal input from the controller, and according to the content of the highest-order operation signal in the request for cooling / heating, the relay-type cooling / heating apparatus. The air-conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the operation mode of the water machine is determined. 4. The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1, wherein the relay controller determines the cooling / heating mode based on the first signal among the operation signals input from the controller. Air conditioning system used. 5. The operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater according to the content of the operation when a request for cooling or heating is performed a predetermined number of times or more within a predetermined time in one of the relay controllers. And a function of automatically setting the operation state of all the fan coil units or air handling units corresponding to other controllers to the determined operation mode at the same time. An air conditioning system using the absorption chiller / heater according to one aspect. 6. An external operation means is provided in the relay controller, and when an operation input for stop, heating, or cooling is given from the means, the operation signal given by the controller is given priority over an operation signal from the controller. The air-conditioning system using the absorption-type water heater according to claim 1, wherein an operation mode of the absorption-type water heater is determined. 7. A temperature detecting means for detecting a cooling water temperature of the absorption chiller / heater, wherein the relay controller detects a temperature detected by the temperature detector at a time of starting a cooling operation of the absorption chiller / heater. 2. The air conditioning system using an absorption type water heater / heater according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is controlled so as not to start the cooling operation when the air temperature exceeds a predetermined value. 8. The relay controller according to claim 1, wherein the relay controller controls so that the larger the number of operating fan coil units or air handling units, the larger the heat input to the absorption-type water heater / heater. Air conditioning system using absorption type water heater. 9. The relay controller performs control such that as the number of operating fan coil units or air handling units increases, the number of rotations of a cold / hot water pump for sending cold / hot water to the fan coil units or air handling units increases. The air conditioning system using the absorption-type water heater / heater according to claim 1. 10. The relay controller controls the rotation speed of the chilled / hot water pump such that the flow rate of the chilled / hot water becomes a predetermined value or more even when the number of operating fan coil units or air handling units is zero. An air conditioning system using the absorption type water heater / heater according to claim 8. 11. An automatic air vent valve is provided in a cooling water pipe of the absorption chiller / heater to fill the cooling water when the absorption chiller / heater switches from a heating mode to a cooling mode. 2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said air is automatically discharged to the outside. 12. An automatic evaporator for exchanging non-condensable gas generated in the evaporator to an evaporator for exchanging heat between the refrigerant vapor or condensed refrigerant and the chilled / hot water of the absorption chiller / heater. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, further comprising an air extraction device.