JP2971965B2 - Segment size measuring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a segment size measuring apparatus for automatically measuring a main dimension such as a bolt hole pitch of a segment used for shielding work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Standard concrete segments commonly used as walls of shield tunnels are shown in Table 1 below and in FIG. 8 (Japan Sewerage Association, 1982 Standard Edition for Shield Construction). It is manufactured with dimensional tolerances as shown in ()).

[0003]

[Table 1]

On the other hand, in a tunnel, segments are generally assembled as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 (in the case of 6 pieces / ring). In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an assembled segment ring having an inner radius R, which is composed of six pieces of segments 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, and 1f, and each segment piece has a bolt hole (1a-2 in FIG. 8). ) Are connected by tightening bolts to form a ring. Reference numeral 2 denotes an existing segment ring that has been assembled immediately before, and the segment ring 1 is provided with respective bolt holes (FIG. 8).
Are connected by tightening bolts through 1a-1). Further, the segment ring 1 and the segment ring 2 are assembled so that the respective segments have a staggered arrangement.

[0005] Because of this assembling method, the accuracy of each dimension of the segment, particularly the pitch of the bolt holes, is an important factor in assembling the segment, and it is necessary to inspect the dimension accurately. The inspection was performed manually using a gauge plate, a steel ruler, a steel tape measure, or the like.

[0006]

The number of pieces of a segment used in one shield construction is, for example, about 6000 pieces in the case of construction of a 1 km section with a 3 m diameter shield. Inspection of all these segments manually is a difficult task, and inevitably results in variations in measurement accuracy.

In actual shielding work, if the dimensional accuracy such as the bolt hole pitch of the segment is poor, this not only affects the quality of the tunnel, but also in the construction work, especially when the segment is assembled using an automatic segment assembling apparatus. In such a case, fine adjustment of the segment assembling position is more difficult than in the case of manual assembling.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to automate the measurement of dimensions such as the bolt hole pitch of a segment, thereby saving labor and measuring time for the operation of measuring the segment size, and reducing variations in measurement accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a segment with high dimensional accuracy, which can improve the quality of a tunnel, and furthermore, can cope with automatic segment assembly.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a segment size measuring apparatus according to the present invention is provided on a pedestal provided with positioning means for placing a segment to be measured horizontally and holding it in a fixed position. In addition, rails are provided so as to be parallel to the four side surfaces of the mounted segment to be measured, respectively, and a moving body that moves at a constant speed on the rail is provided with bolt holes provided on each side surface of the measured segment. Attaching a sensor that detects whether or not there is an object in the detection target direction toward the pitch circle and the pitch line, so that the segment size on the bolt hole pitch circle and the pitch line can be measured by the temporal change of the sensor output signal. It was done.

[0010]

In the segment size measuring apparatus, the moving object on which the sensor is mounted is moved at a constant speed along the rail while the segment to be measured is placed horizontally on the receiving table and positioned. The detection direction of the sensor is aligned with the bolt hole pitch circle and the pitch line on the side of the segment parallel to the movement direction, and the time during which the sensor is sensing an object (output on time) and the time when it is not sensing (output off time) are measured. Thus, the segment dimensions (bolt hole pitch, segment arc length, segment width, etc.) on the bolt hole pitch circle and the pitch line can be obtained from the output on / off time and the moving speed.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Prior to the description of the embodiment, the dimensions of a segment to be measured will be described with reference to FIG. A bolt hole 1a-1 is formed on the side surface 1A of the segment 1a on the side in contact with the existing segment ring 2.
There are provided at a pitch d ₂ on the pitch circle 101, the dimensions of both end d ₂ 'is 1/2 of d _2. 1A
A bolt hole is provided at the same position on the side surface 1A 'on the opposite side. On the other hand, on the side surface 1B of the side in contact with the segment 1b, bolt holes 1a-2 are provided at a pitch d ₁ on pitch line 102. A bolt hole is provided at the same position on the side surface 1B 'opposite to 1B. Here, bolt holes 1a-
The pitch circle radius of No. 1 is Rp, and the bolt hole diameter is d. The segment arc length on the pitch circle 101 is Sp, and the segment width is B.

Next, an embodiment of a segment size measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral 3 designates a semi-cylindrical pedestal whose vertical and horizontal dimensions are larger than the segment 1a to be measured. The diameter of the convex portion 3a is the same as the inner radius R of the segment 1a. If it is placed, the convex surface 3a of the cradle 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the segment completely match. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the convex portion 3a of the receiving base 3 is provided with a convex portion 3b or 3c for positioning the segment 1a. The convex portion 3b fits into the concave portion provided in the segment 1a, and the convex portion 3c contacts the four side edges of the segment 1a.
The segment 1a placed thereon is held so as not to move during the dimension measurement. However, both the protrusions 3b and 3c are not required, and only one of them is sufficient. Although not shown, the segment 1a may be forcibly pressed onto the receiving table 3.

4 is a side view 1A of the segment 1a on the cradle 3.
5 is a moving body on which the sensor 6 is mounted and moves on the rail 4; 7 is a rail mounted on the cradle 3 in parallel with the side surface 1A 'of the segment 1a; Reference numeral 8 denotes a moving body on which the sensor 9 is mounted and moves on the rail 7. Reference numeral 10 denotes a rail mounted on the cradle 3 in parallel to the side surface 1B of the segment 1a. Reference numeral 11 denotes a sensor on which the sensor 12 is mounted. Moving body, 13
Is a rail mounted on the cradle 3 in parallel to the side face 1B 'of the segment 1a, 14 is a sensor 15 mounted thereon,
The moving body moves on the rail 13.

The structure of the moving bodies 5, 8, 11, 14 is shown in FIG. Other moving objects 8, 11, 1
4 has a similar configuration. Reference numeral 5a denotes a bearing which is attached to the rail 4 without looseness and is guided by the rail 4 and slides thereon.
b is attached. Reference numeral 5c denotes a driving device mounted on the frame 5b, which is composed of a constant speed motor such as a pulse motor, a DC servo motor, or the like, and a pinion 5d mounted on its shaft is mounted on the support 3 in parallel with the rail 4. The moving body 5 is moved on the rail 4 at a constant speed V by engaging with the attached driving rack 16 and rotating the motor. Range of movement, the moving body 5 and 8 S ₁ to E ₁ in the range of 3, the mobile 11 and 14
For a range of S ₂ to E ₂ in FIG. 4, each of the moving range by the limit switch (not shown) is restricted.

A sensor 6 mounted on the moving body 5 detects whether or not there is an object in a detection target direction, such as a laser beam sensor in which a light projecting section and a light receiving section are integrally combined. It is attached to the frame 5b toward 1A. For example, in the case of a laser beam sensor, the height H of the beam emitting point is equal to the height ha of the bolt hole 1a-1 of the segment 1a up to the pitch circle, and the beam light 6a emitted from the sensor 6 receives the bolt hole 1a-1. Is accurately irradiated on the pitch circle. FIG. 6 shows a cross section cut along the bolt hole pitch circle 101 of FIG.
The sensor 6 is moved at a constant speed V while irradiating a. During this time, the sensor 6 detects whether or not there is an object in the detection target direction based on the presence or absence of reflected light incident on the light receiving unit, and when there is an object (in this case, a segment wall surface), the output signal is turned on, When there is no object, that is, when the light beam passes through the bolt hole, the output signal is turned off.

[0016] In the dimension measurement of the segment, while placed on the receiving tray 3 to be measured segment 1a, the moving body 5 provided with a sensor 8, 11 and 14 from S ₁ of FIG. 3 respectively to E ₁ , and it is moved at a constant velocity V from S ₂ in FIG. 4 to E _2. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the time (output ON time) t ₁ during which the sensor 6 senses and views the object,
By measuring t ₃ , t ₅ , t ₇ and t ₉ , the time t
From i and the moving speed V, the object lengths L ₁ , L ₃ , L ₅ , L ₇ , L ₉
Can be calculated. That is, the length Li of the object is Li
= V · ti. Similarly, by measuring the time (output off time) t ₂ , t ₄ , t ₆ , t ₈ during which the sensor 6 does not detect an object, the length L ₂ , L ₄ , L ₆ ,
It is possible to calculate the L _8. Now, assuming that the bolt hole diameter is d, the lengths L ₁ and L ₉ are (d ₂ ′ −d /
2) In dimensions, L ₃ , L ₅ , and L ₇ correspond to (d ₂ −d) dimensions, respectively, and L ₂ , L ₄ , L ₆ , and L ₈ correspond to d dimensions. Further, if the total time from t ₁ to t ₉ is T, the total travel distance L therebetween is calculated by L = V · T, which corresponds to the arc length Sp on the bolt hole pitch circle segments 1a . The sensor 6 has been described above.
Similar measurements are performed on the sensors 9, 12, and 15 mounted on the sensors 1 and 14, respectively. However, the length of the object determined by the sensors 12 and 15 corresponds to the (d ₁ '-d / 2) and (d ₁ -d) dimensions of the segment 1a, and the total moving distance corresponds to the segment width B.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the system configuration of the segment size measuring apparatus according to the present invention. The computer 17 measures the output on / off times of the sensors 6, 9, 12, and 15 and calculates the time and motor rotation. Bolt hole pitches d ₁ , d ₁ ′, d calculated based on the moving speed V obtained from the numbers
₂ , d ₂ ′, the segment arc length Sp, the segment width B, and the like are displayed on the display device 18. For further accuracy, the moving speed may be detected from the number of output pulses per unit time of a pulse generator (rotation angle sensor) 19 connected to the motor shaft of the moving body. Further, the moving distance can be directly obtained from the number of output pulses of the pulse generator 19 counted during the ON / OFF time of the sensor output.

[0018]

The present invention has the following effects by automating the measurement of the segment size.

(1) There is no variation in measurement accuracy and accurate measurement can be performed.

(2) Since the measurement can be performed only by moving the sensor along the rail, the measurement time can be reduced.

(3) The labor of the measurement operation can be reduced, and the inspection of all the segments can be easily performed.

(4) The device situation is structurally simple and can be manufactured economically.

(5) In a shield machine having an automatic segment assembling apparatus, prior to assembling the segments, the apparatus according to the present invention is used to check the dimensions of the segments in advance. Can be avoided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing one embodiment of a segment size measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows IV-IV in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a VI-VI cross section of FIG. 3 and sensor output on / off time, moving distance, and segment size.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of dimensional tolerance of a standard concrete segment.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of segments.

FIG. 10 is a development view taken along line XX of FIG. 9;

[Explanation of symbols]

1a: segment to be measured, 1A, 1A ', 1B, 1B': side surface of segment, 1a-1, 1a-2: bolt hole, 101 ...
Bolt hole pitch circle, 102 ... bolt hole pitch line,
3 ... receiving stand, 3b, 3c ... positioning convex part, 4, 7, 1
0, 13 ... rail, 5, 8, 11, 14 ... moving body, 6,
9, 12, 15 ... sensors.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G01B 21/00-21/30

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pedestal having positioning means for mounting a segment to be measured horizontally and holding it in a fixed position,
Rails are provided so as to be parallel to the four side surfaces of the mounted segment to be measured, and the pitch of the bolt holes provided on each side surface of the segment to be measured is provided on a moving body moving at a constant speed on the rail. Attaching a sensor that detects whether or not there is an object in the direction of detection on the circle and the pitch line, the segment size on the bolt hole pitch circle and the pitch line can be measured by the temporal change of the sensor output signal. Segment size measuring device.