JP2873010B2 - Linear rail alignment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for aligning straight rails, wherein second and subsequent straight rails connected to a first straight rail are aligned in a straight line along the first straight rail. About.

Conventional technology Currently, NATM is the standard tunnel construction method.
In this method, the thickness of the secondary lining of the tunnel is reduced to 30 cm, which makes inspection of the winding thickness strict. If a hit is found after setting the formwork, it must be removed and the formwork must be moved again and the setting set up again.

Further, since the sheet is stretched for the purpose of isolation before winding, it is necessary to accurately check the contact before removing the sheet. If a hit is found after the sheet is stretched, the sheet has to be peeled off, and very hard work is required.

Therefore, if the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel can be grasped for each fine pitch before the sheet is stretched, it is possible to find the hit in advance, which is extremely convenient.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when measuring the cross section of a tunnel, it is unclear whether or not the tunnel is excavated at a correct position even if the cross section shape is simply measured by a measuring instrument. For this reason, it is necessary to detect the coordinate value of the position where the cross-section measuring device is installed, but the detection of the coordinate value is a troublesome operation. In addition, every time a cross section is measured at a fine pitch, it is necessary to detect a coordinate value, which consumes a great deal of time and labor.

As a method for solving such a problem, the inventor of the present application mounted the cross-section measuring device on the erected linear rail so as to be able to run, and made the measuring device run intermittently on the linear rail at a predetermined pitch. It was devised to measure the cross section.
According to this method, an intermediate measurement position can be detected only by detecting the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the linear rail, and further, it is possible to measure a considerably fine pitch.

When adopting the above-mentioned measuring method, it is an essential condition that the installed straight rail is on a straight line. In addition, since the effect is diminished in a section that is too short, it is required to provide a straight rail on a straight line of, for example, 10 m or more.

However, using only one straight rail in a section of 10 m or more is extremely difficult to handle and transport the rail, and cannot exist in reality. Therefore, it is conceivable to connect a plurality of short straight rails, but there is a problem that it is quite difficult to align all the connected straight rails in a straight line.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an alignment method and apparatus that can align linear rails on a straight line with a simple operation.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of aligning linear rails, wherein second and subsequent linear rails connected to a first linear rail are aligned in a straight line along the first linear rail. In mounting the same linear rail as the light emitting device, when projecting visible light from the light emitting device in parallel with the linear rail, a target device provided with an aiming point at a position where the visible light hits , Mounted on the first linear rail together with the light emitting device, and the visible light parallel to the first linear rail is projected by the light emitting device to strike the target device at the aiming point. The second and subsequent linear rails are sequentially connected, and the target device is sequentially moved on the connected linear rails, and the position is adjusted for each of the connected linear rails so that the visible light strikes the aiming point of the target device. It is characterized by that.

In the straight rail alignment device of the present invention, a rail support device provided at an end portion of the first straight rail and the final connection straight rail and at a connection portion between the straight rails, A target device provided, a light projecting device for projecting visible light parallel to the first linear rail,
A rail position adjusting means provided on the rail support device and capable of adjusting and moving a linear rail. Further, the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the straight rail at a light projecting point that emits visible light in parallel with the straight rail after the light projecting device can be mounted on the straight rail are predetermined. When the light emitting device and the target are mounted on the same linear rail, the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the aiming point on the linear rail match the coordinates of the light emitting device.

By projecting visible light that is difficult to diffuse parallel to the straight rail using the straightness of light and adjusting the straight rail so that the light hits the target, the connected straight rails are aligned in a straight line it can. If the position of projecting visible light is fixed in advance and a target is marked at a position where the light is aimed at a straight line, alignment of the straight rails can be easily performed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a straight rail. The straight rail 1 is fixed to a hollow rail base 2 having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. And a slide plate 3. The straight rail 1 is supported by a rail support device.

As shown in FIG.
And a horizontal frame 5 supported by the support legs 4 and an adjusting mechanism 6 provided substantially at the center of the horizontal frame 5. The linear rail 1 is mounted on a moving table 26 of the adjusting mechanism 6 described later. I have come to support it.

The support leg 4 is, as shown in FIG.
A threaded rod 8 is provided upright, and a nut 9 with an operation arm is screwed to the threaded rod 8. Further, the threaded rod 8 is movably fitted to the support cylinder 10 on the hollow cylinder,
At the lower end of the support cylinder 10, a set screw 11 is provided. By loosening the set screw 11, the support cylinder 10 can be moved up and down in the axial direction of the threaded rod 8. The support cylinder 10 has an alignment hole 12 that penetrates in a direction orthogonal to its axis.
Are formed at predetermined intervals, for example, every 5 cm, and stop pins 13 on which the gantry 5 can be placed are fitted into the alignment holes 12 in a removable manner.

Two support legs 4 having the above-described configuration are provided, and the horizontal support 5 is hung over the two support legs 4. In this case, the horizontal stand 5
At both ends are provided clamp members 14 which can be attached so as to be wound around the support tube 10. Then, the horizontal gantry 5 attached to the support cylinder 10 by the clamp member 14 is held at a height position where the lower edge of the clamp member 14 contacts the stop pin 13.

As shown in FIG. 1, the adjusting mechanism 6 has a vertical through hole 15 formed substantially at the center of the horizontal gantry 5.
A cylindrical member 16 formed of a hollow cylinder is movably fitted to 15. A U-shaped bracket 17 is fixed to the lower side of the horizontal gantry 5 such that the tubular member 16 is located at the center, and a threaded rod 18 is rotatably mounted on the lower plate portion of the bracket 17. A knob 19 is fixed to the lower end of the threaded rod 18, and a nut 20 is screwed to the threaded portion. The nut 20 is fixed to the lower end of the cylindrical member 16, so that by rotating the threaded rod 18, the cylindrical member 16 is rotated.
Is moved up and down.

A first base member 21 is fixed on the tubular member 16, and a second base member 23 is rotatably mounted on the first base member 21 via a pin 22 on one side. A screw hole (not shown) is formed on the other side of the first base member 21, and a screw 24 rotatably supported by the second base member 23 is screwed into the screw hole.
The knob 25 is fixed to the. By operating the knob 25, the second base member 23 is rotated about the pin 22.
A movable base 26 for supporting the linear rail 1 is mounted on the second base member 23 so as to be movable in the left-right direction in FIG.
26 has a threaded rod 27 whose axis matches the direction of movement.
Has been fixed. The threaded rod 27 is rotatably supported by the second base member 23, and has an operation knob at one end thereof.
28 is fixed. By operating the knob 28, the movable base 26 is slid in the left-right direction.

Next, the straight rail 1 will be described in detail. The shape of the straight rail 1 is slightly different from the first straight line 1-1 and the second straight rail 1-2 connected thereto and thereafter, and the first straight rail 1-1 will be described first.

As shown in FIG. 3, a connection block 29 made of, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped aluminum block is fitted and fixed to the rail base 2 at the end of the first linear rail 1-1. In this case, one end A of the first straight rail 1-1 is not connected to a subsequent straight rail, so a connection block not shown is provided without protruding from the rail end face, while the other end B is a rail. It is provided so as to protrude from the end face. 1st straight rail 1-1
Guide members 30 each having a U-shaped cross section are fixed to both ends of the rail base 2 along the lower outer periphery. The guide member 30 on one end side A is provided so that the end of the guide member 30 is substantially flush with the end face of the linear rail, but the guide member 30 on the other end side B is
The end is provided so as to be substantially the same as the end face of the connection block 29 protruding from the straight rail.

Holes 31 are formed in both sides A and B of the first straight rail 1-1 as shown in FIG. 3, and the holes 31 are used to connect the rail base 2, the connection block 29 and the guide member 30 as clearly shown in FIG. Penetrates. On the other hand, a screw hole 32 whose axis coincides with the hole 31 is
The bolt 33 can be screwed into the screw hole 32 through the hole 31 as shown in FIG. Also, the guide member 30 and the moving table
The rail 26 is provided with a means for positioning the rail when the linear rail 1 is mounted. In this example, a convex member 34 protruding from the lower surface of the guide member 30 and a convex member 34 formed on the upper surface of the movable base 26 are provided. And the recess 35 formed. In this case, the projection 34
Is formed on a truncated cone centered on the hole 31, and the recess 35 is formed in a shape corresponding thereto. The linear rail 1 is also supported at both ends of the upper portion of the second base member 23 when it is placed on the movable base 26.

Second straight rail 1-2 and subsequent straight rails 1
Unlike the first straight rail 1-1, the connection lump 29 and the guide member 30 are not provided at one end A. Although not shown, the other end B is provided with a connection block 29, a guide member 30, and a hole 31 similar to the other end B of the first linear rail 1-1.

Next, a light emitting device that emits visible light parallel to the straight rail 1 will be described.

The light projecting device in this embodiment uses a cross-section measuring device 36 shown in FIG. This cross section measuring device 36 is a measuring device main body 37.
And a measuring head 38 rotatably mounted on a support shaft (not shown). The measuring head 38 includes a transmitting unit 39 that emits a measurement wave configured as a large number of laser pulses on a wave of invisible light, a receiving unit 40 that receives the laser pulse emitted from the object to be measured, Department
A projection unit 41 for projecting, for example, visible light L of laser light, which is parallel to the laser pulse emitted by the laser light 39 at a predetermined interval, is provided. The visible light L of the projection unit 41 allows the measurement position of the cross-section measuring device 36 to be visually confirmed. The cross-section measuring device 36 is rotatably mounted on a carriage 42 mounted on the linear rail 1 as shown in FIG. The carriage 42 is connected to a self-propelled traveling device 47, whereby the cross-section measuring device 36 travels on the straight rail 1. Since the structure of the traveling device 47 itself is not the gist of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, a target device configured as a target carriage 43 can be mounted on the straight rail 1 so as to be able to run. The target bogie 43 is composed of a bogie unit 44 that manually travels on a straight rail, and a target plate 45 attached to the bogie unit. The target plate 45 is provided with an aim mark 46 indicating an aim point. In this case, the aiming mark 46
Is attached to a point where the cross-section measuring device 36 and the target carriage 43 are mounted on the same straight rail 1 and the visible light L of the cross-section measuring device 36 hits the parallel rail 1 when projected. . That is, when the measuring head 38 of the cross-section measuring device 36 when the linear rail is mounted is oriented in the extending direction of the linear rail, the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear rail 1 at the projection point are predetermined. Target trolley 43 on straight rail 1
When mounted, the aiming mark 46 is attached so as to coincide with the coordinates of the projection point.

The alignment method using the above-configured apparatus is as follows.

First, in order to set the first straight rail 1-1,
A rail support device that supports both ends of the first straight rail 1-1 is assembled. First, the two support legs 4 are erected at the position of one end A of the first straight rail 1-1, and the horizontal mount 5 is attached. At this time, the installation surface is often uneven in a tunnel or the like where the installation site is under excavation work.
It must be adjusted so that the top is horizontal. Therefore, the insertion position of the fixing pin 13 of the support leg 4 is selected and inserted so that both legs are approximately at the same height level, and the horizontal stand 5 is inserted.
Attach. Then, the level is placed on the horizontal pedestal 5, and the operation arm attaching nut 9 is operated to finely adjust the two support legs 4 so that the horizontal pedestal 5 is horizontal.

Next, the same operation as above is performed, and the first straight rail 1-
The two supporting legs are set up at a position corresponding to the other end side B of 1 and the horizontal stand 5 is attached. The attached horizontal mount 5 is adjusted so that the upper surface thereof is horizontal, and is attached to the front and rear horizontal mounts 5 thus adjusted so as to bridge the first straight rail 1-1.
In this case, guide members 30 are provided at both ends of the first straight rail 1-1.
Are screwed in advance, and the first linear rail 1-1 is so adjusted that the projection 34 of the guide member 30 fits into the recess 35 of the movable base 26.
1 is mounted on the rail support device. And bolt 33
The first straight rail 1-1 is fixed by penetrating the screw 31 and screwing it into the screw hole 32.

Thus, the first straight rail 1-1 is placed on the rail support device.
After installation, adjust the longitudinal plane on the straight rail so that it is almost parallel to the gradient of the tunnel axis. This adjustment can be performed by operating the knob 19 of the adjustment mechanism 6 to move the first base member 21 up and down.

Next, a cross-section measuring device 36 is attached to one end of the first straight rail 1-1.
And the target cart 43 is attached to the other end as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Then, the measuring device main body 37 of the cross-section measuring device 36 is oriented in the direction in which the rotation axis of the measuring head 38 is orthogonal to the linear rail, and the measuring head 38 is oriented so that the visible light L can be projected in the extending direction of the linear rail. . At this time, when the visible light L is projected and the light hits the aiming mark 46 of the target carriage 43, it can be confirmed that the cross-section measuring instrument has been set in the correct direction. That is, if the coordinates of the light projecting point and the coordinates of the aiming point 46 at this time are in a straight line, they match, so it can be confirmed that the cross-section measuring instrument has been set in the correct direction.

After confirmation, the second straight rail 1-2 is connected to the first straight line 1-1. At the time of this connection, a rail support device is assembled and the second linear rail 1-2 is attached to the end of the second linear rail 1-2 opposite to the connection side of the first linear rail 1-1 in the same manner as described above. Then, the rail base 2 of the second straight rail 1-2 is fitted to the connection block 29 of the first straight rail 1-1, and the second straight rail 1-2 is connected to the first straight rail 1-1.

After connecting the two straight rails, the target carriage 43 is moved to the second straight rail 1-2 as shown by the solid line in FIG.
Move to the opposite end of the connection side. At this time, the cross-section measuring device 36
When the visible light L is continuously projected, the visible light L is shifted from the aiming mark 46 of the target carriage 43 in most cases. Therefore, the end of the second straight rail 1-2 is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 6 so that the visible light hits the aiming mark 46.

This adjustment is performed by operating the knob 19 in the vertical direction. That is, the tubular member 16 moves up and down via the nut 20, thereby aligning the visible light L with the lateral aiming mark 46. By operating the knob 28, the movable table 26 moves in the left and right direction with respect to the second base member 23 to adjust the displacement in the left and right direction. At this time, the visible light L may shift in the vertical direction, in which case the straight rail surface is inclined. Therefore,
At this time, by operating the knob 25, the second base member 23 can rotate around the pin 22 and can be adjusted accordingly.

Thus, when the knobs 19, 25, and 28 are operated to collimate the visible light L to the aiming mark 46 of the target plate 45, the second straight rail 1-2 is connected to the first straight rail 1-1 in a straight line. . (See FIG. 5). Then, a desired number of third and fourth straight rails 1 are connected by the operation of connecting the second straight rail 1-2 to the first straight rail 1-1. At the time of connection, the cross section measuring device 36 is left at one end of the first straight rail 1-1, and the target carriage 43 is connected to the final connected straight rail 1
To the other end. Then, the target carriage 43 is moved on the straight rail to which it is connected, and returned to the vicinity of the cross-section measuring device 36. At this time, it is visually checked whether or not the visible light L deviates from the sighting mark 46 of the target plate 45. It can be confirmed that all the straight rails are aligned.

Thus, the straight rails 1 can be aligned on a straight line, and then, how to use the aligned straight rails will be described.

First, the target carriage 43 is removed from the rail, and then the direction of the cross-section measuring instrument 36 is changed. That is, the measuring instrument body 37
To make the rotation axis of the measuring head 38 parallel to the tunnel axis. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the measuring pitch of the measuring device is determined, and the cross-sectional measuring device 36 is moved on the straight rail at each of the determined pitch to measure the cross-section. In this case, a computer is mounted on the traveling device 47 and the computer traveling device 47
As a result, the data obtained by measuring the running and cross section for each measurement pitch is accumulated.

Thus, by moving the cross-section measuring device 36 on the straight rail 1, the cross-sectional shape of a predetermined section can be measured at every predetermined pitch. Moreover, by simply detecting the coordinates of the start point and / or the end point of the linear rail, the coordinates of each measurement position can be automatically calculated by the computer from the movement amount on the linear rail 1,
Thus, the measuring operation is greatly improved.

 FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

For example, in a tunnel face, this is an effective alignment device when the last connecting linear rail has poor scaffolding or the like and the rail support device is not installed on the other end side. In this alignment device, as shown in FIG. 7, an abutment device 50 is installed at a connecting portion between the final linear rail 1 'and the linear rail 1 in front thereof. The abutment device 50 includes an adjustment mechanism (not shown) similar to that of the above embodiment. In the abutment device 50, three cylinders 51, 52, 53 are provided between the abutment device 50 and the final straight rail 1 '. The cylinder 51 is disposed immediately below the straight rail, and the second and third cylinders 52, 53 are provided. It is located on the left and right sides of the straight rail. Each cylinder adjusts and supports the final straight rail 1 'by expansion and contraction of its piston lot.

The alignment device thus configured moves the target carriage 43 to the end of the final straight rail 1 ′, and adjusts the visible light L projected in parallel with the straight rail 1 so as to hit the aiming mark of the target plate 45. At the time of this adjustment, the vertical displacement is adjusted by the first cylinder 51, and the second and third cylinders are adjusted.
52, 53 adjusts the lateral displacement. When the visible light L is collimated with the sighting mark, the final straight rail 1 ′ is aligned with the straight rail 1.

Thus, if the final straight rail 1 'which can be adjusted by the cylinder is used, the cross section measuring device is extremely difficult so far, and the cross section of the face or the like can be easily known.

Effects According to the above configuration, the present invention has made it possible to align the linear rails on a straight line with a simple operation and with high accuracy. Therefore, if a highly accurate aligned linear rail is used, various measurements such as a cross section can be performed at a predetermined pitch, and the reliability of the measurement result is high.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a supporting leg portion, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connecting portion of a straight rail, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a rail alignment direction,
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a measuring method using aligned straight rails, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are side and plan explanatory views showing another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Linear rail 1-1 ... 1st linear rail 4 ... Support leg 5 ... Horizontal stand 6 ... Adjustment mechanism 36 ... Cross section measuring instrument 43 ... Target carriage 46 ... Aiming mark 50 ... Abutment Apparatus L: visible light

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor, Motoo Kakuda 1-17-20, Kamiigusa, Suginami-ku, Tokyo (56) References: JP-U 52-39157 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E01B 35/00 E01B 33/00-33/04 E01B 29/16

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for aligning a second linear rail, which is connected to a first linear rail, on a straight line along the first linear rail, wherein the same linear rail as the light projecting device is mounted. When the light projecting device emits visible light in parallel with the straight rail, a target device provided with an aiming point at a position where the visible light hits is placed on the first straight rail together with the light projecting device. After mounting, the light emitting device emits visible light parallel to the first straight rail and hits the aiming point at the target device, and then sequentially connects the second straight rail to the first straight rail. A method for aligning linear rails, comprising sequentially moving a target device on a connected linear rail and adjusting the position of each connected linear rail so that visible light strikes an aiming point of the target device. 2. A straight rail aligning device for aligning second and subsequent straight rails connected to a first straight rail in a straight line along the first straight rail, wherein the first straight rail and the final connecting straight rail are aligned. A rail support device provided at a connection portion between the end portion and each straight rail,
A target device that can run on a straight rail and is provided with an aiming point; a light projecting device that emits visible light parallel to the first straight rail; and a light source that is provided on the rail support device and that can adjust and move the straight rail. A linear rail alignment device, comprising: rail position adjusting means. 3. The light projecting device can be mounted on a straight rail, and the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the straight rail at a light projecting point that emits visible light in parallel with the straight rail after the mounting. It is determined in advance that when the light projecting device and the target are mounted on the same linear rail, the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the linear rail extends at the aiming point match the coordinates of the light projecting device. 3. The straight rail alignment device according to claim 2, wherein: 4. A cross-sectional measuring device for measuring a cross-sectional shape by rotating a measuring head provided with a projecting portion for irradiating a visible light for notifying a measuring position, wherein the light projecting device is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape is measured. The linear rail alignment device according to claim 2 or 3.