JPH02128001A - Construction method and device for straight line rail - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the degree of accuracy of connection rail construction by supporting both ends of a straight line rail for running a tunnel section measuring device with cross holders capable of vertically controlling and, at the same time, providing a visible radiation projector and a target board on the rail so that they are capable of running. CONSTITUTION:Both ends of the first straight line rail 1-1 are supported with cross holders 5 capable of vertically controlling. A device 38 projecting visible radiation L of laser light and a target board 45 provided with a sighting mark 46 are placed on the straight line rail 1-1 so that they are capable of running. After that, the second straight line rail 1-2 is connected thereto, and the target board 45 is shifted on the rail 1-2. The visible radiation L is projected in parallel with the first straight line rail 1-1, and the cross holders 5 are controlled so as to subject to the sighting mark 46. After then, connections are made in the same way. According to the constitution, the straight line rail can be constructed on a straight line with high degree of accuracy.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a straight rail alignment method and apparatus for aligning second and subsequent straight rails connected to a first straight rail in a straight line along a first straight rail. .

Currently, NATM is the standard tunnel construction method. With this construction method, the secondary lining of the tunnel is as thin as 3゜l, making it difficult to measure the thickness of the lining. If a hit is found after setting the formwork.

It has to be removed and the formwork has to be moved and set again.

Furthermore, since a sheet is stretched for isolation purposes before winding, it is necessary to accurately check and remove hits beforehand. If a hit is found after the sheet has been applied, the sheet must be removed, which becomes an extremely difficult task.

Therefore, it would be extremely convenient if the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel could be grasped at each fine pitch before the sheet is stretched, since it would be possible to detect hits in advance.

However, when determining the cross-section of a tunnel by 3111, it is unclear whether the tunnel has been excavated in the correct location even if the cross-sectional shape is simply measured with a measuring device. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the coordinate values of the position where the cross-sectional measuring device is installed, but detecting the coordinate values is a time-consuming task.

Moreover, when attempting to measure the cross section at fine pitches, it is necessary to detect coordinate values each time, resulting in an enormous amount of time and effort.

As a method for solving such problems, the inventor of the present application mounted a cross-sectional measuring instrument so that it could travel on an installed straight rail, and made the measuring instrument run intermittently on the straight rail at predetermined pitches. He devised a method of cross-sectional measurement. This method has the advantage that by simply detecting the coordinates of the starting point and ending point of a straight rail, a measurement position in between can be detected, and it is also possible to measure a fairly fine pitch.

When employing the above measurement method, it is essential that the installed straight rails be in a straight line.

Also, the effect will be weakened if the section is too short, so for example 1
It is required to provide a straight rail for a distance of 0m or more in a straight line.

However, using only one straight rail for a section of 10 m or more would be extremely difficult to handle and transport, and would not exist in reality.Therefore, connecting multiple short straight rails could be considered. However, there was a problem in that it was quite difficult to align all the connected straight rails in a straight line.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an alignment method and apparatus capable of aligning straight rails in a straight line with a simple operation.

In order to achieve the above object, in the linear rail alignment method of the present invention, a target device that can run on the rail is mounted on the first linear rail, and a target device that can run on the rail is attached to the aiming point of the mounted target device. A visible light beam parallel to the first straight rail is emitted, and then the second and subsequent straight rails are sequentially connected to the first straight rail, and the target devices are sequentially moved onto the connected straight rails. Each time a straight rail is connected, the position of the straight rail should be adjusted by EyJR so that visible light hits the aiming point.

In the straight rail alignment device of the present invention, a rail support device provided at the end side of the first straight rail and the final connected straight rail and at the connecting portion of each straight rail, and a rail supporting device that is movable on the straight rail and has an aiming point. a target device provided;
The present invention includes a light projecting device that projects visible light parallel to the straight rail, and a rail position amm means that is provided on the rail support device and is capable of adjusting and moving the straight rail. Furthermore,
The light projecting device is attachable to the straight rail, and the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the straight rail at a light projecting point that emits visible light parallel to the straight rail after being installed are predetermined; When the projector and the target are mounted on the same linear rail, the coordinates of the aiming point in a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear rail coincide with the coordinates of the projector.

By utilizing the straightness of the acting light to emit visible light that is difficult to diffuse parallel to the straight rail, and adjusting the straight rail so that the light ray hits the target, the connected straight rails are aligned in a straight line. can. If the visible light projection position is fixed in advance and a target aiming mark is attached to the position where the visible light is aimed when it is a straight line, the straight rails can be easily aligned.

Cross-product Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a straight rail, and the straight rail 1 has a hollow rail base 2 formed with a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 3, and is fixed to a longitudinal side corner of the rail base 2. It is composed of a slide plate 3. This straight rail 1 is supported by a rail support device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rail support device includes support legs 4,
It is composed of a horizontal pedestal 5 supported by the support leg 4 and an adjustment mechanism 6 provided approximately in the center of the lateral pedestal 5, and supports the linear rail 1 on a movable table 26 of the adjustment mechanism 6, which will be described later. It looks like this.

As shown in FIG. 2, the support leg 4 has a threaded rod 8 erected on a jack base 7, and an operating arm nut 9 is screwed into the threaded rod 8.

Further, the threaded rod 8 is movably fitted into a support tube 10 on a hollow cylinder, and a set screw 11 is attached to the lower end of the support tube 1o.
is provided. By loosening this set screw 11, the support cylinder 1o becomes vertically movable in the axial direction of the threaded rod 8. A large number of positioning holes 12 are formed in the support cylinder 10 at predetermined intervals 9, for example, every 51, and the positioning holes 12 pass through the support cylinder 10 in a direction perpendicular to its axis.
A retaining pin 13 on which the holder can be placed is removably fitted.

Two support legs 4 having this structure are provided, and a horizontal frame 5 is hung between the two support legs 4. In this case, a lamp member 14 is provided at both ends of the horizontal frame 5 and can be attached so as to be wrapped around the support tube 1o. The horizontal frame 5 attached to the support tube 10 by the clamp member 14 is
The lower edge of the clamp member 14 is held at a height position where it abuts against the stop pin 13.

As shown in FIG. 1, the adjustment mechanism 6 has a vertical through hole 15 formed approximately in the center of the horizontal frame 5, and a cylinder member 16 formed of a hollow cylinder is movably fitted into the through hole 15. are combined. Further, a U-shaped bracket 17 in which the cylinder member 16 is located in the center is fixed to the lower side of the horizontal frame 5, and a threaded rod 18 is attached to the lower plate portion of the bracket 17.
is rotatably mounted. This threaded rod 18
A knob 19 is fixed to the lower end thereof, and a nut 20 is screwed to the threaded portion. Nut 2° is cylindrical member 1
The cylinder member 16 is fixed to the lower end of the cylinder member 6, and thus by rotating the threaded rod 18, the cylinder member 16 is moved up and down.

A first base member 21 is fixed on the cylindrical member 16, and a second base member 23 is rotatably mounted on one side of the first base member 21 via a pin 22. A screw hole (not shown) is formed on the other side of the first base member 21, and a screw 24 rotatably supported by the second base member 23 is screwed into this screw hole. A knob 25 is fixed. By operating this knob 25, the second base member 23 is rotated about the pin 22. A movable base 26 that supports the linear rail 1 is attached to the second base member 23 so as to be movable in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, and a threaded rod 27 whose axis coincides with the moving direction is fixed to the movable base 26. has been done. This threaded rod 27 is rotatably supported by the second base member 23, and has an operating knob 28 fixed to one end thereof. By operating this knob 28, the movable base 26 is slid in the left-right direction.

Next, the straight rail 1 will be explained in detail.

The straight rail 1 has a slightly different form from the first straight rail 1-1 and the second straight rail 1-2 and subsequent parts connected thereto, and the first straight rail 1-1 will be explained first.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first straight rail 1-1 has, at its end, a welding mass 29 made of, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped aluminum mass, which is fitted and bonded to the rail base 2.

In this case, since the following straight rail is not connected to one end side A of the first straight rail 1-1, the connecting block (not shown) is provided without protruding from the end surface of the rail, but the other end side B is connected to the rail. It is provided so as to protrude from the end face.

Guide members 30 having a U-shaped cross section are fixed to both ends of the first linear rail 1 - 1 along the lower outer periphery of the rail base 2 . - The guide member 30 on the end side A is provided so that its end portion is substantially flush with the end surface of the straight rail;
The guide member 30 on the other end side B is provided so that its end portion is substantially the same as the end surface of the connection mass 29 protruding from the straight rail.

Holes 31 are formed on both sides A and B of the first straight rail 1-1 as shown in FIG. Penetrating. On the other hand, a screw hole 32 whose axis coincides with the hole 31 is formed in the movable table 26, and a bolt 33 can be screwed into the screw hole 32 through the hole 31, as shown in FIG. Also,
The guide member 30 and the moving platform 26 are provided with means for positioning the rail when the linear rail 1 is placed on it.
In this example, it is comprised of a convex member 34 formed to protrude from the lower surface of the guide member 30 and a recessed portion 35 formed on the upper surface of the moving table 26 . In this case, the convex portion 34 is formed in the shape of a truncated cone with the hole 31 at its center, and the concave portion 35 is formed in a shape that matches the cone. In addition, when the linear rail 1 is placed on the moving table 26, it is also supported at both ends of the upper part of the second table member 23.

The second straight rail 1-2 and the subsequent straight rails 1 are:
Unlike the first straight rail 1-1, one end side A has a connecting block 2.
9. The guide member 30 is not provided. Although the other end side B is not shown, a connecting mass 29, a guide member 30, and a hole 31 similar to those on the other end side B of the first straight rail 1-1 are provided.

Next, a light projecting device that projects visible light parallel to the straight rail 1 will be described.

The light projection device in this embodiment utilizes a cross-section measuring device 36 shown in FIG. This cross-section measuring device 36 has a measuring device main body 37 and a measuring head 38 rotatably mounted around a support shaft (not shown). The measurement head 38 includes a transmitting section 39 that emits a measurement wave composed of a large number of laser pulses on an invisible light wave, and a receiving section 40 that receives the laser pulses emitted upon hitting the object to be measured.

It is provided with a projection section 41 that projects a visible light beam, for example, a laser beam, parallel to the laser pulse emitted by the transmission section 39 at a predetermined interval. The measurement position of the cross section measuring device 36 can be visually confirmed by the visible light beam of the projection section 41. As shown in FIG. 5, the cross-section measuring device 36 is rotatably attached to a trolley 42 mounted on the straight rail 1. The trolley 42 is connected to a self-propelled traveling device 47, whereby the cross-sectional measuring device 36 is run on the straight rail 1. Note that the structure of the traveling gear w47 itself is not the gist of the present invention, so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, a target device configured as a target truck 43 can be mounted on the straight rail 1 so as to be movable. The target truck 43 consists of a truck section 44 that manually runs on a straight rail, and a target plate 45 attached to the truck section.
An aiming mark 46 is attached to indicate the aiming point. In this case, the aiming mark 46 is connected to the cross section measuring device 36 and the target cart 4.
3 are mounted on the same linear rail 1, and the visible light beam of the cross-section measuring device 36 is projected parallel to the linear rail 1, and the point where the beam hits is marked. Namely.

When the measuring head 38 of the cross-section measuring device 36 is directed toward the extending direction of the straight rail when the straight rail is attached, the coordinates of the plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the straight rail 1 at the light projection point are predetermined, and the same straight rail When the target truck 43 is attached to the target vehicle 1, the aiming mark 46 is placed so as to match the coordinates of the light projection point.

The alignment method using the apparatus configured as described above is as follows.

First, in order to assemble the first linear rail 1-1 as a set, a rail support device that supports both ends of the first linear rail 1-1 is assembled. First, first straight line - one end side A of rule 1-1
Two support legs 4 are erected at the positions shown in FIG. 1, and a horizontal frame 5 is attached. At this time, in tunnels or the like where the installation site is undergoing excavation work, the installation surface is often uneven, and therefore it is necessary to adjust the horizontal mount 5 so that the top thereof is level. Therefore, select the insertion position of the stop pin 13 of the support leg 4 so that both legs are at approximately the same height level, and insert it into the horizontal frame 5.
Attach. Then, a spirit level is placed on the horizontal pedestal 5, and the operating arm operates the nut 9 to finely adjust both support legs 4 so that the top of the lateral pedestal 5 is level.

Next, perform the same operation as above to install the first straight rail 1-1.
Two support legs are erected at a position corresponding to the other end side B, and the horizontal frame 5 is attached. The installed horizontal pedestal 5 is adjusted so that its upper surface is horizontal, and the first straight rail 1-1 is attached so as to bridge the front and rear horizontal pedestals 5 thus adjusted. In this case, guide members 30 are provided at both ends of the first straight rail 1-1.
is screwed in advance, and the convex portion 3 of this guide member 30
The first linear rail 1-1 is placed on the rail support device so that the first linear rail 1-1 fits into the recess 35 of the moving table 26.

Then, the bolt 33 is passed through the hole 31 and screwed into the screw hole 32, thereby fixing the first linear rail 1-1.

Thus, after the first linear rail 1-1 is mounted on the rail support device, it is adjusted so that the plane in the longitudinal direction of the linear rail is substantially parallel to the slope of the tunnel axis. This adjustment can be performed by operating the knob 19 of the adjustment mechanism 6 to move the first platform member 21 up and down.

Next, a cross section measuring device 3 is placed on one end side of the first straight rail 1-1.
6, and a target trolley 43 is attached to the other end as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Then, the measuring device main body 37 of the cross-section measuring device 36 is directed in a direction in which the rotation axis of the measuring head 38 is orthogonal to the straight rail, and the measuring head 38 is directed so that visible light beams can be emitted in the extending direction of the straight rail. . At this time, if a visible light beam is projected and the light beam hits the aiming section 46 of the target cart 43, it can be confirmed that the cross-sectional measuring instrument is set in the correct direction. That is, if the coordinates of the light projecting point and the coordinates of the aiming point 46 are in a straight line, they match, so it can be confirmed that the cross-section measuring instrument is set in the correct direction.

After confirmation, the second straight rail 1-2 is connected to the first straight line 1-1. For this connection, a rail support device is assembled at the end of the second linear rail 1-2 opposite to the connection side of the first linear rail 1-1 in the same manner as described above, and the second linear rail 1-2 is attached. Then, the rail base 2 of the second linear rail 1-2 is fitted into the connecting mass 29 of the first linear rail 1-1, and the second linear rail 1-2 is connected to the first linear rail 1-1.

After connecting the two straight rails, the target truck 43 is moved to the second straight rail 1-2 as shown by the solid line in FIG.
Move to the opposite end of the connection side. At this time, the cross section measuring device 3
If the visible light beam 6 is continued to be emitted, the visible light beam will deviate from the aiming section 46 of the target truck 43 in most cases. Therefore, the end of the second straight rail 1-2 is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 6.
The visible light beam is adjusted so that it hits the aiming section 46.

In this adjustment, the vertical shift is performed by operating the knob 19. That is, the cylindrical member 16 moves up and down via the nut 20, thereby aligning the visible light beam with the horizontal aiming section 46.

Furthermore, by operating the knob 28, the movable table 26 is moved in the left-right direction with respect to the second table member 23, thereby adjusting the deviation in the left-right direction.

At this time, the visible light beam may shift vertically,
This is because in this case, the straight rail surface has an inclination. Therefore, at this time, by operating the knob 25,
The second platform member 23 is pivotable about the pin 22 and is thereby aligned.

Thus, when the knobs 19, 25 and 28 are operated and the visible light beam is aimed at the aiming section 46 of the target plate 45, the second
The straight rail 1-2 is connected to the first straight rail 1-1 in a straight line (see FIG. 5).

Then, the second straight rail 1-2 is connected to the first straight rail 1-1.
With the operation connected to 3rd. Connect the fourth and desired number of straight rails 1. Note that when connected, the cross section measuring device 36 is
While remaining positioned at one end of the linear rail 1-1, the target cart 43 is moved to the other end of the final connected linear rail 1. Therefore, the target trolley 43 is moved on the connected straight rail and returned to the vicinity of the cross-section measuring device 36, and at this time, 4% L of visible light is transmitted to the aiming section 46 of the target plate 45.
By visually observing whether or not the connected straight rails are aligned in a straight line, it is possible to confirm whether all the connected straight rails are aligned in a straight line.

In this way, the straight rails 1 can be aligned in a straight line.Next, a method of using the aligned straight rails will be explained.

First, the target cart 43 is removed from the rail, and then the direction of the cross-section measuring device 36 is changed. That is, the measuring device main body 37 is rotated to make the rotational axis of the measuring head 38 parallel to the tunnel axis. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the measuring pitch of the measuring device is determined, and the cross-section measuring device 36 is run on the straight rail at each determined pitch to measure the cross-section. In this case, a computer is mounted on the traveling device 47, and the computer traveling device 47 accumulates data obtained by traveling and cross-sectional measurements for each measurement pitch.

Thus, by running the cross-section measuring device 36 on the straight rail 1, the cross-sectional shape of a predetermined section can be measured at predetermined pitches. Moreover, by simply detecting the coordinates of the starting point and/or end point of the straight rail, the coordinates of each measurement position can be automatically calculated by a computer from the amount of movement on the straight rail 1.
Therefore, the measurement operation is greatly improved.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the invention.

For example, in a tunnel face, this is an effective alignment device when the footing of the last connected straight rail is poor and the rail support device is not installed at the other end. In this alignment device, as shown in FIG. 7, a support device 50 is installed at the connection portion between the final straight rail 1' and the straight rail 1 in front of it. This support device 50 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism (not shown) similar to that of the above embodiment. The support device 50 has three cylinders 51°5 between it and the final straight rail 1'.
2.53 are provided, the cylinder 51 is placed directly below the straight rail, and the second and third cylinders 52 and 53 are placed on the left and right sides of the straight rail.

Each cylinder adjusts and supports the final straight rail 1' by expanding and contracting its piston rod.

The alignment device thus constructed moves the target carriage 43 to the tip of the final straight rail 1' and adjusts it so that the visible light beam projected parallel to the straight rail 1 hits the aiming portion of the target plate 45. During this adjustment, the first cylinder 51 adjusts the vertical deviation, and the second and third cylinders 52 and 53 adjust the horizontal deviation. Then, when the visible light beam is focused on the reference mark on the aiming part, the final straight rail 1' is aligned with the straight rail 1.

Thus, by using the final straight rail 1' which can be adjusted by a cylinder, the cross section of a face, etc., which has been extremely difficult to measure up until now, can be easily determined.

Effects According to the above configuration, the present invention makes it possible to align the straight rails in a straight line with a simple operation and with high precision. Therefore, by using linear rails that are aligned with high accuracy, various measurements such as cross sections can be performed at predetermined pitches, and the reliability of the measurement results is also high.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the supporting leg portion thereof, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the linear rail connection portion, and Fig. 4 is a measuring device attached to the linear rail. A perspective view showing an example, FIG. 5 is a perspective view explaining the rail alignment direction,
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a measuring method using aligned straight rails, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are side and plan views showing other embodiments of the present invention. 1... Straight rail ■-1... First straight rail 4... Support leg 5... Horizontal frame 6... Adjustment mechanism, cross section measuring device, target trolley, aiming mark, support device, visibility rays of light

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a straight rail alignment method in which second and subsequent straight rails connected to the first straight rail are aligned in a straight line along the first straight rail, the first straight rail is provided with the ability to run on the rail. A target device is attached, a visible light beam is emitted parallel to the first straight rail that hits the aiming point of the attached target device, and then the second and subsequent straight rails are sequentially connected to the first straight rail. A method for aligning straight rails, which comprises sequentially moving target devices on the straight rails and adjusting the position of the straight rails each time the straight rails are connected so that visible light hits the aiming point of the target device. (2) In a straight rail alignment device that aligns second and subsequent straight rails connected to a first straight rail in a straight line along the first straight rail, the ends of the first straight rail and the final connecting straight rail A rail support device provided at the connection between the side and each straight rail, a target device capable of traveling on the straight rail and provided with an aiming point, and a light projecting device that emits visible light parallel to the first straight rail. and a rail position adjustment means provided on the rail support device and capable of adjusting and moving the linear rails. (3) The light projecting device is attachable to a straight rail, and the coordinates of a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the straight rail at a light projecting point that emits visible light parallel to the straight rail after being installed are predetermined. and when the projector and the target are mounted on the same linear rail, the coordinates of the aiming point in a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear rail match the coordinates of the projector. The straight rail alignment device according to claim (2).