JP2971842B2 - Absorption heat pump and air conditioning system using the same as heat source - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an air conditioning system using a desiccant, and more particularly, to an air conditioning system using an absorption heat pump as a heat source for heating regeneration air and cooling processing air.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, there is a known example of an air conditioning system in which an absorption heat pump is used as a heat source unit and an air conditioner using a desiccant is combined with a so-called desiccant air conditioner.

[0003] This air conditioning system has a desiccant rotor 1
03, a path A for treated air in which moisture is adsorbed by a heat source, and a path B for regenerated air which is heated by a heating source, passes through the desiccant rotor 103 after adsorbing the water, and desorbs and regenerates moisture in the desiccant. The sensible heat exchanger 104 is placed between the treated air to which moisture is adsorbed and the regenerated air before regeneration of the desiccant rotor 103 and before being heated by the heating source.
, An evaporator 3, an absorber 1, a regenerator 2, and a first cycle forming an absorption refrigeration cycle with the condenser 4 as a main component, an evaporator 13, an absorber 11, and a regenerator 1.
2. A second absorption refrigeration cycle, which operates at a lower temperature than the first cycle, with the condenser 14 as a main component, the evaporator 3 of the first cycle and the absorber 11 of the second cycle. Between the condenser 4 of the first cycle and the regenerator 1 of the second cycle.
An absorption heat pump that forms a heat exchange relationship 20 with the air conditioner 2 and heats the regeneration air of the air conditioner using the absorption heat of the first cycle and the condensation heat of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump as heating sources. This is an air conditioning system in which the desiccant is regenerated by heating in the heater 120, and the processing air of the air conditioner is cooled in the cooler 115 using the evaporation heat of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump as a cooling heat source.

In this air conditioning system, as disclosed in the above-mentioned known example, the absorption heat pump simultaneously cools the processing air of the desiccant air conditioner and heats the regeneration air, thereby achieving a high energy saving effect.

[0005]

However, since the absorption heat pump serving as the heat source of the system has a refrigeration effect in the first cycle smaller than the absorption heat in the second cycle, it is necessary to operate the absorption heat pump smoothly. It was found that it was necessary to prevent the solution from being over-concentrated in the second cycle. The reason will be described below. FIG. 6 shows a During diagram showing an operation state of an absorption heat pump portion of a conventional desiccant air conditioning system. FIG. 6 shows a typical example of a lithium bromide-water system generally used in an absorption refrigerator, and shows a first cycle and a second cycle separately. The alphabetic symbols shown in the figure indicate the states of the absorbing solution and the refrigerant, and the same symbols are circled in FIG.

In FIG. 6, the absorption solution in the first cycle is heated by an external heat source in a regenerator 2 to generate refrigerant vapor and to be concentrated (state c: 175 ° C. in the figure), and then the heat exchanger 5 is cooled. (State d). In the absorber 1, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 3, is diluted (state a), and is heated again through the heat exchanger 5 (state b).
Return to the regenerator 2. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4 and condenses (state f). In the condenser 4, the heat of condensation generated during the condensation is transmitted to the regenerator 12 in the second cycle by the heat transfer tube 20 which has a heat exchange relationship. The condensed refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 3 and evaporates (state e). Evaporator 3
In the second embodiment, the heat of evaporation absorbed during the evaporation is transmitted from the absorber 11 (state A) in the second cycle by the heat transfer tube 21 having a heat exchange relationship. The absorption solution of the second cycle is supplied to the regenerator 12
In the heat transfer tube 2 in the heat of condensation (state f) of the first cycle
0, generates refrigerant vapor, is concentrated (state C), and then passes through the heat exchanger 15 (state D).
Leads to 1. In the absorber 11, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant (state E) evaporated in the evaporator 13, is diluted (state A), and is heated again through the heat exchanger 15 (state B).
Return to In the absorber 11, the heat of absorption generated at the time of absorption is transferred to the evaporator 3 (state e) in the first cycle by the heat transfer tube 21 having a heat exchange relationship. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 12 flows into the condenser 14 and condenses (state F). The heat medium is caused to flow from the condenser heat transfer tube 31 of the second cycle to the absorber heat transfer tube 30 of the first cycle in order, so that the absorption solution temperature of the first cycle (state a: 75 in the figure).
° C) is higher than the refrigerant condensation temperature of the second cycle (state F: 65 ° C in the figure). The condensed refrigerant (state F) is sent to the evaporator 13 and evaporates (state E).

In the absorption heat pump configured as described above, the driving heat is applied to the regenerator 2 in the first cycle, and the absorber 1 in the first cycle and the condenser 14 in the second cycle.
And the evaporator 1 in the second cycle
3. Use cold energy can be taken out. In this absorption heat pump, the cycles are independent of each other.
It is balanced so that no refrigerant or solution moves from one cycle to the other. However, the heat balance is not balanced, as explained below.

Now, the ratio of the refrigerating effect of the evaporator to the heat input of the regenerator in the first cycle is defined as C ₁ . C ₁ is a so-called operating coefficient (COP), which is a variable that can be set by design according to the circulation ratio of the solution, etc., and is approximately 0.8.
The proportion of the evaporator of the refrigeration effect of the heat input of the regenerator of the second cycle and C ₂ as well. In each cycle, the value obtained by dividing the heat output of the condenser by the heat input of the evaporator is represented by R ₁ ,
And R _2. R ₁ and R ₂ are values obtained by dividing the change in the enthalpy of the refrigerant in the condenser in each cycle by the change in the enthalpy of the refrigerant in the evaporator, since the refrigerant flow rates of the respective devices are the same. Here, assuming that the heat input to the first cycle is 1, the refrigerating effect (heat of evaporation) Qe ₁ of this cycle is Qe ₁ = C ₁ (1). On the other hand, in the second cycle, since the heat of condensation of the first cycle is added to the regenerator, the regenerator heat input Qg
₂ is Qg ₂ = C ₁ · R ₁ (2) The refrigeration effect Qe ₂ of the _second cycle is Qe ₂ = C ₂ · Qg ₂ = C ₂ · C ₁ · R ₁ (3) The heat of condensation Qc ₂ is: Qc ₂ = R ₂ · Qe ₂ = C ₁ · C ₂ · R ₁ · R ₂ (4) The heat of absorption Qa ₂ in the second cycle is condensed from the total heat input in the second cycle Since the heat is subtracted, Qa ₂ = C ₁ · R ₁ + C ₂ · C ₁ · R ₁ -C ₁ · C ₂ · R ₁ · R ₂ (5) In the absorption heat pump, Since the evaporator and the absorber in the second cycle exchange heat, the first
Heat of evaporation Qe ₁ of the second cycle and heat of absorption Q of the second cycle
It compares the magnitude of a _2. Therefore, taking the difference between them, Qa ₂ -Qe ₁ = C ₁ · R ₁ + C ₂ · C ₁ · R ₁ -C ₁ · C ₂ · R ₁ · R ₂ -C ₁ = C ₁ [(R _1- 1) -C ₂ · R ₁ (R ₂ -1)] (6)

[0009] From cycle operation state of FIG. 6, R _1, R
Calculating ₂ , R ₁ = (675-95) / (609-95) = 1.128 R ₂ = (639-65) / (603-65) = 1.067 C ₁ and C ₂ are approximately equal to 0. When the value of the expression (6) is calculated as 8 (a standard value of a single-effect absorption cycle), Qa ₂ −Qe ₁ = 0.8 (0.128−0.8 × 1.128 × 0.067) = 0.054> 0, which indicates that the heat of absorption in the second cycle is larger. If the heat of evaporation Qe ₁ in the first cycle is larger than the heat of absorption Qa _{2 in} the second cycle, the expression (6) ≦
0, and therefore C ₂ ≧ (R ₁ -1) / (R ₂ -1) / R ₁ (7). When this C ₂ is calculated, C ₂ ≧ 0.128 / 0.067 / 1.128 = 1.694, which is a value that cannot be achieved as the COP of the single-effect absorption refrigeration cycle. That is, in this cycle, it is understood that the heat of absorption Qa2 of the _second cycle is always larger than the heat of evaporation Qe1 of the _first cycle.

Therefore, in the conventional heat source absorption heat pump of FIG. 5, the refrigeration effect of the first cycle is smaller than the absorption heat of the second cycle, so that the absorption heat of the second cycle cannot be completely cooled. In the second cycle, there is a problem that the continuous operation cannot be performed because the refrigerant cannot be completely absorbed by the absorber and the solution is gradually concentrated.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning system capable of smoothly operating a heat source absorption heat pump and obtaining high energy efficiency.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first cycle which forms an absorption refrigeration cycle with at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser as constituent devices;
A second operating at a lower temperature than the first cycle, using at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser as constituent devices;
Forming a heat exchange relationship between the evaporator of the first cycle and the absorber of the second cycle, and regenerating the condenser of the first cycle and the second cycle. In an absorption heat pump that has formed a heat exchange relationship with a vessel, part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle
An absorption heat pump characterized in that a heat exchange relationship is formed so as to heat a heat medium from which heat is taken out by an absorber in a first cycle and a condenser in a second cycle.

As described above, by extracting a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle, the amount of heat applied to the regenerator of the second cycle is reduced without reducing the refrigerating effect of the first cycle. Since the concentration action can be suppressed and the heat of evaporation in the first cycle and the heat of absorption in the second cycle can be balanced, concentration of the solution in the second cycle can be prevented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the heat medium from which heat is taken out by the condenser of the second cycle and the absorber of the first cycle is heated by a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle. The absorption heat pump according to claim 1, wherein: In this way, by heating the heat medium with the heat of condensation of the first cycle having a high operating temperature, in addition to the effect of preventing the solution from being concentrated in the second cycle, a heat medium having a high temperature can be taken out. Therefore, particularly when used as a heat source for desiccant regeneration of a desiccant air conditioner, the regeneration capability is increased, and the dehumidification capability can be enhanced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the concentration of the absorbing solution in the second cycle is detected, and when the concentration exceeds the set value, the heat of condensation in the first cycle is used to detect the concentration of the absorbing solution in the first cycle. 3. The absorption heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the amount of heat for heating the heat medium from which heat is taken out by the absorber and the condenser in the second cycle is increased. 4.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant level of the evaporator in the second cycle is detected, and when the level of the refrigerant rises above a set value, the absorber in the first cycle and the second level are removed. The absorption heat pump according to claim 3, wherein the amount of heat for heating the heat medium from which heat is taken out by the condenser in the cycle (c) is increased.

In this way, the concentration of the absorbing solution in the second cycle is detected, and when the concentration exceeds the set value, the heat of condensation in the first cycle causes the absorber in the first cycle and the second solution to absorb. By increasing the amount of heat for heating the heat transfer medium for extracting heat with the condenser of the second cycle, the heat of evaporation of the first cycle and the heat of absorption of the second cycle are balanced to reduce the concentration of the solution of the second cycle. It can be maintained properly and smooth operation can be continued.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment air path through which moisture is adsorbed by a desiccant, and a method of desorbing moisture in the desiccant by passing through the desiccant after being heated by a heating source and then adsorbing the moisture. An air conditioner having a path of regeneration air for regeneration, having a sensible heat exchanger between the treated air having adsorbed moisture and the regeneration air before desiccant regeneration and before being heated by a heating source, at least an evaporator , An absorber, a regenerator, a first cycle constituting an absorption refrigeration cycle with a condenser as a constituent device, and at least an evaporator, an absorber,
A regenerator and a condenser are constituted by a second absorption refrigeration cycle that operates at a lower temperature than the first cycle, and a second absorption refrigeration cycle is provided between the evaporator of the first cycle and the absorber of the second cycle. An absorption heat pump forming a heat exchange relationship and forming a heat exchange relationship between the condenser of the first cycle and the regenerator of the second cycle; The regenerative air of the air conditioner is heated using the heat of absorption and the heat of condensation of the second cycle as a heat source to regenerate the desiccant, and the processing of the air conditioner is performed using the heat of evaporation of the second cycle of the heat pump as a cooling heat source. In an air conditioning system for cooling air, a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle of the absorption heat pump heats regeneration air or a heat medium serving as a heating source of the regeneration air. A conditioning system characterized by the formation of the heat exchange relationship.

As described above, by extracting a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle of the absorption heat pump, the amount of heat applied to the regenerator of the second cycle can be reduced without lowering the refrigeration effect of the first cycle. To suppress the concentration of the solution, and balance the heat of evaporation in the first cycle with the heat of absorption in the second cycle, so that the solution can be prevented from being concentrated in the second cycle, and the smooth operation of the system can be achieved. As a result, a high-temperature heat medium can be taken out. Therefore, by using the heat medium as a heat source for desiccant regeneration of the desiccant air conditioner, the regeneration capacity is enhanced, and the dehumidification capacity can be enhanced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the regeneration air or a heating medium for heating the regeneration air is guided to a heat exchanger for extracting a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle of the absorption heat pump so as to exchange heat with the refrigerant. The air conditioning system according to claim 5, wherein the air conditioning system is configured.

As described above, by introducing the regeneration air or the heating medium for heating the regeneration air to the heat exchanger for extracting a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle of the absorption heat pump and exchanging heat with the refrigerant, a high temperature is obtained. Since the desiccant of the desiccant air conditioner can be regenerated by the heat source, the dehumidifying capacity can be increased.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of an air conditioning system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a desiccant air-conditioning system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a heat source absorption heat pump includes an evaporator 3, an absorber 1, a regenerator 2, and a condenser 4. , The first component of the absorption refrigeration cycle using the heat exchanger 5 as a main component.
And the cycle of evaporator 13, absorber 11, regenerator 12,
The condenser 14 and the heat exchanger 15 are the main components, and the first
A second absorption refrigeration cycle operating at a lower temperature than the first cycle, forming a heat exchange relationship 21 between the evaporator 3 of the first cycle and the absorber 11 of the second cycle, and Cycle condenser 4 and second cycle regenerator 1
The following configuration is further added to the same absorption heat pump as the related art in which the heat exchange relationship 20 is formed between the absorption heat pump and the conventional heat absorption pump.

That is, a heat exchanger 61 for extracting a part of the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator 2 of the first cycle to the outside and heating the heat medium by the heat of condensation is provided. A first control valve 64 is provided in a path 67 connecting the refrigerant, a path 68 for guiding the refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 61 to the evaporator 3 and a throttle 69 are provided, and a path connecting the regenerator 2 and the condenser 4 is further provided. A second control valve 65 is provided therein,
Refrigerant liquid level detection sensor 63 of evaporator 13 in the second cycle
A signal path 72 connecting the controller 62, the first control valve 64, and the second control valve 65;
A signal path 71 connecting the controller 62 and the refrigerant liquid level detection sensor 63 is provided. The refrigerant level detection sensor 63 detects that the liquid level has risen beyond the set value, and the controller 62 performs the first control. The valve 64 is opened and the second control valve 65 is throttled.

On the other hand, the air conditioner is constructed as follows, similarly to the conventional embodiment of FIG. The processing air path A is connected to the air conditioning space 101 and the suction port of the processing air blower 102 via a path 107, the discharge port of the blower 102 is connected to the desiccant rotor 103 via a path 108, and the processing of the desiccant rotor 103 is performed. The outlet of the air is connected to the sensible heat exchanger 104, which is in a heat exchange relationship with the regeneration air, through the path 1.
09, the processing air outlet of the sensible heat exchanger 104 is connected to the chilled water heat exchanger 115 via the path 110, and the processing air outlet of the cooler 115 is connected via the humidifier 105 and the path 111. The outlet of the processing air of the humidifier 105 is connected to the air-conditioned space 101 via a path 112 to form a processing air cycle.

On the other hand, the regeneration air path B connects the outside air to a suction port of a blower 130 for regeneration air via a path 124, and a discharge port of the blower 130 has a sensible heat exchanger in heat exchange relation with the processing air. Sensible heat exchanger 104
The outlet of the regenerated air is connected to the low-temperature side inlet of another sensible heat exchanger 121 via a path 125, the low-temperature side outlet of the sensible heat exchanger 121 is connected to the heater 120 via a path 126, The outlet of the regeneration air of the heater 120 is connected to the regeneration air inlet of the desiccant rotor 103 via a path 127, and the exit of the regeneration air of the desiccant rotor 103 is connected to the high-temperature side entrance of the sensible heat exchanger 121 and the path 128. The high-temperature side outlet of the sensible heat exchanger 121 is connected to an external space via a path 129, thereby forming a cycle in which regenerated air is taken in from the outside and exhausted to the outside.

The path of the heat transfer medium (hot water) for transferring heat between the absorption heat pump section and the air conditioner section passes through the heater 120 in the regeneration air path of the air conditioner after the hot water exits the path 123. , Pump 150, path 51, condenser 1
4, the path 52, the absorber 1, the path 53, the heat exchanger 61, the path 55, and the path 122 return to the heater 120 in this order. Further, after the cold water exits the cooler 115 in the processing air path of the air conditioner, the path 118, the pump 160, and the heat transfer medium (cold water) for transferring cold heat between the absorption heat pump section and the air conditioner section. It is configured to return to the cooler 115 via the evaporator 13 and the path 117 in this order. In the figure, alphabets K to V circled
Is a symbol indicating the state of air corresponding to FIG.
Represents supply air, RA represents return air, OA represents outside air, and EX represents exhaust air.

Next, the operation of the absorption heat pump portion of the desiccant air-conditioning system configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. As the operation state, the controller 6
2 completely closes the first control valve 64 and the second control valve 6
5 is the same as that of the conventional embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the description is omitted, and here, the controller 62 opens the first control valve 64 and squeezes the second control valve 65. The operation of will be described.

The absorption solution in the first cycle is heated by an external heat source (not shown) in the regenerator 2 through a heat transfer tube 34 to generate a refrigerant vapor, concentrated, and then absorbed through the heat exchanger 5. It reaches container 1. In the absorber 1, the absorption solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 3, and after being diluted, returns to the regenerator 2 through the heat exchanger 5 again by the action of the pump 6. Absorber 1
In this case, heat is exchanged between the absorbing solution and a heat medium such as hot water via the heat transfer tube 30 in order to utilize the heat of absorption generated at the time of absorption. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the heat exchanger 61 via the first control valve 64 which is partially open, and condenses. In the heat exchanger 61, heat is exchanged with a heat medium such as hot water by the heat transfer tube 35 in order to utilize heat of condensation generated during condensation. Most of the remaining refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4 through the slightly controlled second control valve 65 and condenses. In the condenser 4, the heat of condensation generated during the condensation is transmitted to the regenerator 12 in the second cycle by the heat transfer tube 20 which has a heat exchange relationship. Heat exchanger 61 and condenser 4
The refrigerant condensed in the above is sent to the evaporator 3 and evaporates. In the evaporator 3, the heat of evaporation absorbed during the evaporation is transmitted from the absorber 11 in the second cycle by the heat transfer tube 21 having a heat exchange relationship.

The absorption solution of the second cycle is heated in the regenerator 12 by the heat of condensation generated in the condenser 4 of the first cycle via the heat transfer tube 20, generates refrigerant vapor, is concentrated, and then heat-exchanged. It reaches the absorber 11 via the vessel 15. In the absorber 11, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 13, and after being diluted, returns to the regenerator 12 via the heat exchanger 15 by the action of the pump 16. In the absorber 11, the heat of absorption generated at the time of absorption is transferred to the evaporator 3 in the first cycle by the heat transfer tube 21 having a heat exchange relationship. Regenerator 12
The refrigerant vapor generated in the above flows into the condenser 14 and is condensed.
In the condenser 14, heat is exchanged between the heat medium and the heat transfer tube 31 in order to utilize the heat of condensation generated during the condensation. In the evaporator 13, heat is exchanged by a heat transfer tube 33 with a heat medium such as cold water in order to use the evaporation heat absorbed during the evaporation.

Next, the operation of the absorption heat pump configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a During diagram showing a cycle of the heat source absorption heat pump of FIG. This figure shows a typical example of a lithium bromide-water system generally used in an absorption refrigerator. The alphabetic symbols shown in the figure indicate the states of the absorbing solution and the refrigerant, and the same symbols are circled in FIG.

The absorption solution in the first cycle is heated from an external heat source in the regenerator 2 to generate and vaporize refrigerant vapor (state c: 175 ° C. in the figure), and then passes through the heat exchanger 5 (state d). ) It leads to the absorber 1. In the absorber 1, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 3, is diluted (state a), and is heated again through the heat exchanger 5 (state b).
Return to Part of the refrigerant vapor generated by the regenerator 2 flows into the heat exchanger 61 and the rest flows into the condenser 4 and is condensed (state f).
In the condenser 4, the heat of condensation generated at the time of condensation is transmitted to the regenerator 12 in the second cycle by the heat transfer tube 20 having a heat exchange relationship. Is not transmitted to the regenerator 12 in the cycle of. The condensed refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 3 and evaporates (state e). In the evaporator 3, the heat transfer tube 21 having a heat exchange relationship with the heat of evaporation absorbed during the evaporation is used for the absorber 1 in the second cycle.
1 (state A).

The absorption solution of the second cycle is supplied to the regenerator 12
In the first cycle, the remaining heat of condensation (state f) excluding the heat of condensation generated when condensing in the heat exchanger 61 of the first cycle is heated through the heat transfer tube 20, generates refrigerant vapor, and is concentrated (state f). After (C), the heat reaches the absorber 11 via the heat exchanger 15 (state D). In the absorber 11, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant (state E) evaporated in the evaporator 13, is diluted (state A), is heated again through the heat exchanger 15 (state B), and returns to the regenerator 12. In the absorber 11, the heat of absorption generated at the time of absorption is transferred to the evaporator 3 in the first cycle by the heat transfer tube 21 having a heat exchange relationship.
(State e). The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 12 flows into the condenser 14 and condenses (state F). The condensed refrigerant (state F) is sent to the evaporator 13 and evaporates (state E).

The operating temperature of the equipment used as a heating source is
By flowing the heat medium in the order of the condenser heat transfer tube 31 of the second cycle, the absorber heat transfer tube 30 of the first cycle, and the heat exchanger 61, the refrigerant condensation temperature of the second cycle (state F: in the figure) 65 ° C. in the first cycle), the absorption solution temperature in the first cycle (state a: 75 ° C. in the figure), and the condensing temperature in the heat exchanger 61 in the first cycle (state f: 95 ° C. in the figure) in this order. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium (hot water) exiting the absorption heat pump and entering the air conditioner becomes higher than in the conventional example.

As described above, the heat of condensation generated during the condensation in the condenser 4 of the first cycle is transmitted to the regenerator 12 of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump. The heat of condensation that exchanges heat with the hot water in the vessel 61 is not transmitted. Therefore, the solution of the second cycle has less regenerating and concentrating action, and accordingly, the heat of absorption of the second cycle is also reduced, and can be balanced with the heat of evaporation of the first cycle. The tendency to be concentrated can be reduced. The reason will be described below.

As in the conventional example, the ratio of the refrigerating effect of the evaporator to the heat input of the regenerator in the first cycle is represented by C ₁ ,
The proportion of the refrigeration effect of the evaporator for the heat input of the regenerator of the second cycle and C _2. Also, values obtained by dividing the heat output of the condenser by the heat input of the evaporator are defined as R ₁ and R ₂ in each cycle. Here, assuming that the heat input to the first cycle is 1,
The refrigerating effect Qe ₁ of this cycle is Qe ₁ = C ₁ .

On the other hand, in the second cycle, a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle is added to the regenerator. Assuming that the ratio of the amount added to the regenerator 12 in the second cycle to make the total heat of condensation in the first cycle is X, the regenerator heat input Qg ₂ is: Qg ₂ = X · C ₁ · R ₁ (8) The refrigeration effect Qe ₂ of the second cycle is: Qe ₂ = C ₂ · Qg ₂ = X · C ₂ · C ₁ · R ₁ (9) The heat of condensation Qc ₂ of the _second cycle is: Qc ₂ = R ₂ · Qe ₂ = X · C ₁ · C ₂ · R ₁ · R ₂ (10) The heat of absorption Qa ₂ in the second cycle is obtained by subtracting the heat of condensation from the total heat input in the second cycle. ₂ = X (C ₁ · R ₁ + C ₂ · C ₁ · R ₁ -C ₁ · C ₂ · R ₁ · R ₂ ) (11) In the absorption heat pump, the evaporator of the first cycle and the second cycle Here, the first absorber
Heat of evaporation Qe ₁ of the second cycle and heat of absorption Q of the second cycle
It compares the magnitude of a _2. Therefore, taking the difference between them, Qa ₂ -Qe ₁ = X (C ₁ · R ₁ + C ₂ · C ₁ · R ₁ -C ₁ · C ₂ · R ₁ · R ₂ ) -C ₁ = C ₁ ｛X・ R ₁ [1-C ₂ (R ₂ -1)]-1} (12)

Here, in order for the heat of evaporation Qe ₁ in the first cycle to be the same as the heat of absorption Qa _{2 in} the second cycle,
(12) It is necessary that Expression = 0, and therefore, it is necessary that X · R ₁ [1-C ₂ (R ₂ -1)] = 1. Therefore, X = 1 / R ₁ [1-C ₂ (R ₂ −1)] (13) Here, in order to obtain the value of X, when the value of each variable is obtained,
Since the operation state of the cycle of FIG. 2 is the same as that of the conventional example of FIG. 6, R ₁ and R ₂ are: R ₁ = (675-95) / (609-95) = 1.128 R ₂ = (639− 65) / (603-65) = 1.067 C ₁ and C ₂ are approximately 0.8 (a standard value of a single-effect absorption cycle), and X = 1 / 1.128 [1- 0.8 (1.067-1)]
= 0.937. That is, 93.7 of the heat of condensation of the first cycle.
By adding% to the regenerator of the second cycle, the heat of evaporation of the first cycle and the heat of absorption of the second cycle are balanced. As described above, the heat medium is heated by a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle, and is used for heating the regenerator 12 of the second cycle by a certain ratio X of the heat of condensation of the first cycle. The heat of evaporation of the second cycle and the heat of absorption of the second cycle can be balanced to alleviate the tendency of the solution of the second cycle to be concentrated.

From the above description, the ratio X must be X ≦ 1. For this purpose, from the equation (13), X = 1 / R ₁ [1-C ₂ (R ₂ −1)] ≦ 1 Therefore, it is necessary that C ₂ ≦ (R ₁ −1) / (R ₂ −1) / R ₁ (14). When this C ₂ is calculated, C ₂ ≦ 0.128 / 0.067 / 1.128 = 1.694. This is, C ₂ ie COP of the second cycle
As long as the ratio does not exceed 1.694, the ratio X ≦ 1 is satisfied, and this value indicates the C of the single-effect absorption refrigeration cycle.
Since OP is an unattainable value, X ≦ 1 is always satisfied in the cycle of this embodiment. Therefore, always the first
By using a certain ratio X of the heat of condensation of the second cycle for heating the regenerator 12 in the second cycle, the heat of evaporation in the first cycle and the heat of absorption in the second cycle can be balanced.

Next, the operation when the absorption heat pump configured as described above is combined with desiccant air conditioning will be described. In FIG. 1, air (process air) in a room 101 to be air-conditioned is sucked into a blower 102 via a path 107, is pressurized, is sent to a desiccant rotor 103 via a path 108, and removes moisture in the air by the desiccant rotor's moisture absorbent. Absorbed and the absolute humidity decreases. At the time of adsorption, the temperature of the air rises due to the heat of adsorption. The air whose humidity has decreased and its temperature has increased is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 109 and cooled by exchanging heat with outside air (regenerated air). The cooled air is sent to a cooler 115 via a path 110 and further cooled.
The cooled processing air is sent to the humidifier 105, and its temperature is lowered in the isenthalpy process by water injection or vaporization humidification, and is returned to the air-conditioned space 101 via the path 112.

Since the desiccant rotor adsorbs moisture in this process, regeneration is necessary. In this embodiment, the desiccant rotor is operated as follows using outside air as regeneration air. The outside air (OA) is sucked into the blower 130 via the path 124 and is boosted and sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104, where it cools the processing air to increase its temperature, and passes through the path 125 to the next sensible heat exchanger 121. And heat exchange with hot air after regeneration to increase the temperature. Further, the regenerated air exiting from the sensible heat exchanger 121 passes through path 1
After flowing into the heater 120 through the heater 26, it is heated by the hot water, the temperature rises to 60 to 80 ° C., and the relative humidity decreases. This process is a change in the sensible heat of the regenerated air.Since the specific heat of the air is significantly lower than that of the hot water and the temperature change is large, even if the flow rate of the hot water is reduced and the temperature change is increased, the heat exchange is performed efficiently, The transfer power can be reduced. Heater 12
The regeneration air having a relative humidity lowered after exiting 0 passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove moisture from the desiccant rotor and perform a regeneration operation. The regenerated air that has passed through the desiccant rotor 103 flows into the sensible heat exchanger 121 via a path 128,
After preheating the regeneration air before regeneration, it is discarded as exhaust gas through a path 129 to the outside.

The process up to now will be described with reference to the psychrometric chart of FIG. 3. The air in the room 101 to be air-conditioned (process air: state K) is sucked into the blower 102 via the path 107, and the pressure is increased. 108 and the desiccant rotor 10
3, the moisture in the air is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor's moisture absorbent, the absolute humidity decreases, and the temperature of the air rises due to the heat of adsorption (state L). The air whose humidity has decreased and its temperature has increased is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 109 and exchanges heat with outside air (regenerated air) to be cooled (state M).
The cooled air is sent to the cooler 115 via the path 110 and is further cooled (state N).
The water is sent to the humidifier 105 via 11 and the temperature is lowered in the isenthalpy process by water injection or vaporization humidification (state P),
The air is returned to the air-conditioned space 101 via the path 112. In this way, an enthalpy difference ΔQ is generated between the return air (state K) and the supply air (state P) in the room.
1 cooling is performed.

On the other hand, desiccant reproduction is performed as follows. The outside air for regeneration (OA: state Q) is sucked into the blower 130 through the path 124 and is boosted, and the sensible heat exchanger 10
4 and cools the processing air to increase the temperature itself (state: R), flows into the next sensible heat exchanger 121 via a path 125, and exchanges heat with the high-temperature air after regeneration to increase the temperature. (State S). Further, the regenerated air that has exited the sensible heat exchanger 121 flows into the heater 120 via the path 126, is heated by the hot water, is heated to 60 to 80 ° C., and the relative humidity is reduced (state T). In the embodiment, since the hot water is heated by the heat exchanger 61 having a higher working temperature than the conventional embodiment, the relative humidity is further reduced. The regenerated air having a reduced relative humidity passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove moisture from the desiccant rotor (state U). The regeneration air that has passed through the desiccant rotor 103 flows into the sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 128, and performs preheating of the regeneration air before regeneration that has exited the sensible heat exchanger 104, thereby lowering its temperature (state V). ) After that, it is discarded as exhaust air through a path 129. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, as described above, since the hot water is heated by the heat exchanger 61 having a higher working temperature than in the conventional embodiment, the desiccant regeneration ability is further increased, and the dehumidifying effect is enhanced.

In this manner, the desiccant is air-conditioned by repeating the regeneration of the desiccant and the dehumidification and cooling of the processing air. Although the method of using exhaust accompanying indoor ventilation as regeneration air has also been widely used in desiccant air conditioning, the present invention can also use exhaust from indoors as regeneration air in the present invention. The same effect can be obtained.

As described above, by heating the heat medium in the heat exchanger 61 of the first cycle by a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle, the regenerator 12 of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump has: The heat of condensation generated during condensation in the condenser 4 of the first cycle is transmitted, but the heat of condensation exchanging heat in the heat exchanger 61 of the first cycle is not transmitted, and the heat of condensation of the first cycle is condensed. Only a certain percentage X is transmitted.
Therefore, the solution of the second cycle has a reduced regenerative concentration effect, and accordingly, the heat of absorption of the second cycle also decreases,
Can be balanced with the heat of evaporation of the first cycle,
The tendency of the second cycle solution to concentrate can be mitigated.

In this embodiment, the refrigerant level sensor 63 of the evaporator 13 in the second cycle and the controller 6
2, a signal path 72 connecting the controller 62 to the first control valve 64 and the second control valve 65, and a signal path 71 connecting the controller 62 to the refrigerant liquid level detection sensor 63. Although the detection sensor 63 detects that the liquid level has risen beyond the set value, the controller 62 opens the first control valve 64 and throttles the second control valve 65.
This is a control operation necessary when the solution concentration in the second cycle is abnormally concentrated. As described above, this kind of absorption heat pump essentially has the refrigeration effect of the first cycle of the second cycle. Since the solution in the second cycle has a characteristic of becoming smaller than the heat absorbed in the second cycle, and the solution in the second cycle tends to concentrate, in order to prevent this, the control valve 64 is always opened at a predetermined opening to heat the predetermined refrigerant. Even if it is configured to condense in the exchanger 61, it is acceptable.

As described above, the amount of refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 61 necessary for balancing the heat of absorption in the second cycle and the heat of evaporation in the first cycle is very small (6.3 in calculation). %), It is not necessary to allow the entire heat medium to pass therethrough. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, a path 56 that bypasses the heat exchanger 61 may be provided. In order to prevent the flow rates of the paths 53 and 55 from decreasing, a throttle 80 may be provided in the path 56,
As another method, a pump (not shown) may be installed in the path 53 or 55. Further, in this embodiment, the heat medium for heating the regenerated air of the desiccant air conditioner is guided and heated to the heat exchanger 61, but the regenerated air before passing through the desiccant 103 is directly guided to the heat exchanger 61. You can also heat it.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the heat transfer surface 35 of the heat exchanger for condensing a part of the refrigerant generated in the regenerator 2 of the first cycle is directly installed inside the condenser 4 and the first heat transfer surface 35 The heat medium for extracting heat is heated by the absorber of the second cycle and the condenser of the second cycle, and the amount of heating is adjusted by the hot water outlet path 53 of the absorber 1 in the first cycle of the heat medium path.
This is configured to be performed by a three-way valve 71 provided in the apparatus. In this embodiment, most of the warm water passing through the three-way valve 71 flows through the path 56, and the remaining part passes through the heat transfer surface 35 via the path 54. In addition, the refrigerant level detection sensor 63 of the evaporator 13 in the second cycle and the controller 6
2, a signal path 72 connecting the controller 62 and the three-way valve 71, and a signal path 71 connecting the controller 62 and the refrigerant liquid level detection sensor 63.
3 detects that the liquid level has risen beyond the set value, the controller 62 opens the path 54 side of the three-way valve 71, narrows the path 56 side, and increases the flow rate of hot water passing through the heat transfer surface 35. The amount of refrigerant condensed on the heat transfer surface 35 is increased, the amount of refrigerant condensed in the first cycle is reduced, and the amount of heat applied to the regenerator 12 in the second cycle is reduced. Thus, as in the first embodiment, the solution of the second cycle has a reduced regenerating and concentrating action, and accordingly, the heat of absorption of the second cycle is also reduced, and the heat of evaporation of the first cycle is balanced. And the tendency of the solution of the second cycle to be concentrated can be reduced. The operation of the absorption heat pump and the operation of the desiccant air conditioner are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention,
At least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser constitute a first cycle forming an absorption refrigeration cycle with constituent devices, and at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser constitute constituent devices than the first cycle. A second absorption refrigeration cycle operating at a low temperature, forming a heat exchange relationship between the evaporator of the first cycle and the absorber of the second cycle, and In the absorption heat pump having a heat exchange relationship with the regenerator of the first cycle, a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle extracts heat from the absorber of the first cycle and the condenser of the second cycle. By forming a heat exchange relationship so as to heat the heat medium, only a certain percentage of the heat of condensation of the first cycle is transferred to the regenerator of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump. The solution of the second cycle has a reduced regenerative concentration effect, and accordingly the heat of absorption of the second cycle is also reduced, and can be balanced with the heat of evaporation of the first cycle, so that the solution of the second cycle is concentrated. This makes it possible to alleviate the tendency of the absorption heat pump to operate smoothly, and also enables the smooth operation of the entire system to provide an air conditioning system with high energy efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a desiccant air-conditioning system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a During diagram showing a cycle of the heat source absorption heat pump of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a psychrometric chart showing a cycle of the desiccant air conditioning system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a conventional air conditioning system.

FIG. 6 is a During diagram showing an operation state of an absorption heat pump portion of the conventional desiccant air conditioning system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st absorber 2 1st regenerator 3 1st evaporator 4 1st condenser 5 1st heat exchanger 6 Solution pump 7 Throttle mechanism 11 2nd absorber 12 2nd regenerator 13 Second evaporator 14 Second condenser 15 Second heat exchanger 16 Solution pump 17 Throttle mechanism 20 Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 21 Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 30 Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 31 Transfer Heat tube (heat exchange mechanism) 33 Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 34 Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 52 Heat medium (hot water) path 53 Heat medium (hot water) path 61 Heat exchanger 62 Controller 63 Refrigerant liquid level detection sensor 64 1 control valve 65 2nd control valve 71 signal path 72 signal path 101 air-conditioned space 102 blower 103 desiccant rotor 104 sensible heat exchanger 105 humidifier 106 water supply pipe 107 air path 108 air path 1 9 air path 110 air path 111 air path 115 chilled water heat exchanger 117 chilled water path 118 chilled water path 120 hot water heat exchanger 121 sensible heat exchanger 122 hot water path 123 hot water path 124 air path 125 air path 126 air path 127 air path 128 Air path 129 Air path 130 Blower 150 Hot water pump 160 Cold water pump ΔQ Cooling effect Δq Refrigeration effect of absorption heat pump ΔH Heating amount by hot water

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first cycle forming an absorption refrigeration cycle using at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser as constituent devices, and a first cycle comprising at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser as constituent devices. A second absorption refrigeration cycle operating at a lower temperature than the first cycle, forming a heat exchange relationship between the evaporator of the first cycle and the absorber of the second cycle, and Cycle of condenser and second
In the absorption heat pump having a heat exchange relationship with the regenerator of the first cycle, a part of the heat of condensation of the first cycle extracts heat from the absorber of the first cycle and the condenser of the second cycle. An absorption heat pump wherein a heat exchange relationship is formed so as to heat a heat medium. 2. The heating medium, after extracting heat from the condenser in the second cycle and the absorber in the first cycle, is heated by a part of the heat of condensation in the first cycle. 2. The absorption heat pump according to 1. 3. The first cycle of the absorber and the second cycle are detected by the heat of condensation of the first cycle when the concentration of the absorbing solution in the second cycle is detected and the concentration increases above a set value. 3. The absorption heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the amount of heat for heating the heat medium from which heat is taken out by the condenser is increased. 4. 4. A refrigerant level of the evaporator in the second cycle is detected, and when the level of the refrigerant rises above a set value, heat is generated in the absorber in the first cycle and the condenser in the second cycle. 4. The absorption heat pump according to claim 3, wherein the amount of heat for heating the heat medium for extracting the heat is increased. 5. A path of treated air in which moisture is adsorbed by the desiccant, and a path of regenerated air which is heated by a heating source, passes through the desiccant after adsorbing the moisture, desorbs and regenerates moisture in the desiccant. An air conditioner having a sensible heat exchanger between the treated air having moisture adsorbed and the regenerated air before desiccant regeneration and before being heated by the heating source, and at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, A first cycle forming an absorption refrigeration cycle using a condenser as a constituent device;
A second operating at a lower temperature than the first cycle, using at least an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser as constituent devices;
Forming a heat exchange relationship between the evaporator of the first cycle and the absorber of the second cycle, and regenerating the condenser of the first cycle and the second cycle. An absorption heat pump that forms a heat exchange relationship with the air conditioner, and heats the regeneration air of the air conditioner using the absorption heat of the first cycle and the condensation heat of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump as heating sources. An air conditioning system that regenerates the desiccant and cools the processing air of the air conditioner by using the heat of evaporation of the second cycle of the absorption heat pump as a cooling heat source. An air conditioning system characterized in that a heat exchange relationship is formed by a portion to heat the regeneration air or a heat medium serving as a heating source of the regeneration air. 6. A heat exchanger for extracting a part of the condensation heat of the first cycle of the absorption heat pump, wherein the regeneration air or a heating medium for heating the regeneration air is guided to exchange heat with the refrigerant. The air conditioning system according to claim 5.