JP2967679B2 - Ventilation automatic control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic ventilation control device for automatically controlling a ventilator so that a pollution concentration in a road tunnel does not exceed an allowable value, and in particular, an automatic ventilation control device using natural wind in a tunnel. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional automatic ventilation control system in a road tunnel. In a tunnel 1 having a two-way lane, there are provided VI meters (smoke transmittance, good visibility) 2a and 2b as sensors, a wind direction anemometer 3, a carbon monoxide concentration meter, and the like. Traffic counters (traffic meters) 4a and 4b are provided. As the ventilation device, a jet fan 5 for discharging exhaust gas in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel and a dust collector 6 for collecting exhaust gas components from air in the tunnel are provided.

The control device 7 takes in the current measured values from each sensor, and also takes in the current operating amount of the ventilator, predicts soot transmission and carbon monoxide concentration, and uses the predicted values to control the jet fan 5 The increase and decrease of the operation amount and the operation of the dust collector 6 are determined to perform these controls.

[0004]

In the conventional apparatus, the amount of operation required for the ventilator depends on the number and speed of the approaching vehicles,
It varies depending on weather conditions and the like. One of the factors is the wind speed in the tunnel, and the ventilation speed increases as the wind speed increases.

Factors that determine the wind speed include, besides the entry of vehicles, etc., as well as natural wind due to the pressure difference between the entrance and exit of the tunnel. When this natural wind matches the blowing direction of the jet fan, the ventilation capacity is increased. When going in the opposite direction, the ventilation capacity will be reduced. In addition, natural wind is generally -3m
/ S to +3 m / s, which corresponds to about three jet fans at the maximum wind speed.

[0006] Therefore, it is desired to control the number of jet fans and dust collectors to be operated by performing ventilation control in consideration of the wind speed and direction of the natural wind to save power and optimize ventilation.

However, since the measurement of natural wind must be performed when no vehicle is present in the tunnel and the jet fan and the dust collector are not operated, the measurement cannot be performed unless the operation of the tunnel is stopped. .

[0008] Experiments have been conducted to determine the natural wind speed and direction by measuring the pressure difference between the entrance and the exit of the tunnel while operating the tunnel, but this has not been put to practical use yet.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation automatic control device capable of measuring a natural wind in an operation state of a tunnel and obtaining appropriate ventilation control corrected by the natural wind.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention predicts a soot transmission rate or the like from each measured value of a road tunnel obtained from a soot transmission meter or the like and a current operation amount of a ventilator, In a ventilation automatic control device for increasing or decreasing the operation amount of a ventilation device according to the predicted value, a natural wind calculation unit for calculating a natural wind speed from a difference between an actually measured wind speed in a tunnel in an operating state and a tunnel wind speed obtained using a ventilation model. And a ventilation control calculation unit that adjusts the operation amount of the ventilator by correcting the natural wind speed and the direction as an increase or decrease of the ventilation capacity of the ventilator.

[0011]

The natural wind speed is obtained from the difference between the measured wind speed in the tunnel in the operating state and the tunnel wind speed obtained using the ventilation model.

The calculation of the wind speed by the ventilation model is obtained by solving the following balance equation so as to obtain the boosting force generating the wind and the wind speed at which this pressure becomes equal to the windage loss in the tunnel.

[0013]

## EQU00001 ## Ventilation resistance (.DELTA.Pr) + resistive natural wind (.DELTA.PMTW) = traffic ventilation force (.DELTA.Pt) + jet fan boosting force (.DELTA.Pj) + dust collector boosting force (.DELTA.Ps) (1) Obtained from the formula. All units are mmAq.

[0014]

ΔPr = (1 + Δe + λL / D) * (ρ / 2) * Ur ² ΔPMTW = (1 + Δe + λL / D) * (ρ / 2) * U
n ² ΔPt = (Am / Ar) * (ρ / 2) * n _R * (Vt _R −
Ur) ^2- (Am / Ar) * (ρ / 2) * n _L * (Vt _L
+ Ur) ² ΔPj = ρ * Uj * (Aj / Ar) * (1- (Ur / U
j)) * Nj ΔPs = 2 * (Qs / Qr) * (((Ks * Us * co
sβ) / Ur) -2+ (Qs / Qr)) * (ρ / 2) *
Ur ² * Ns The parameters in the above equation are as follows.

(1) Speed (m / s) Ur: wind speed in tunnel, Un: natural wind speed, Uj: jet fan wind speed, Us: dust collector wind speed, Vt _L : vehicle speed from left to right of tunnel, Vt _R : Vehicle speed from right to left of tunnel, (2) Number of vehicles (units) Nj: Number of operating jet fans, Ns: Number of operating dust collectors, (3) Air volume (m / s) Qs: Air volume of dust collector Qr: Air volume in tunnel (4) ) Area (m ² ) Ar: Tunnel area Aj: Jet fan jet area As: Dust collector jet area Am: Vehicle equivalent sectional area (5) Length (m) L: Tunnel length D: Tunnel diameter (6) Loss coefficient ζ: Tunnel entrance loss coefficient λ: Wall loss coefficient (7) Others n _L : Number of vehicles entering from left to right (vehicles / h) n _R : Number of vehicles entering from right to left (vehicles / h) ρ: Air density ^{(kgf · S 2 / m 4} ) s: boosting factor beta: from jet angle (deg) the equation determining the natural wind speed Un is

[0016]

[Expression 3] ΔPMTW = ΔPt + ΔPj + ΔPs−ΔPr (2) Substituting the actually measured wind speed into the wind speed Ur of each element to obtain the resistance natural wind ΔPMTW,

[0017]

## EQU4 ## ΔPMTW = (1 + ζe + λL / D) * (ρ / 2) * Un ² (3) is obtained by solving for the natural wind speed Un.

[0018]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. The control device 11 captures the measurement signals of the respective parts in order to determine the natural wind speed, and captures known constants required for calculation such as air density as data.

Among them, the analog input unit 11 ₁
In addition to the wind speed signal of the anemometer 3, the measurement signals of the barometer 12, the thermometer 13, and the hygrometer 14 are captured in a time-division manner. Further, the jet angle β (see FIG. 3) of the dust collector 6 controlled by the dust collector controller 6A is taken in.

[0020] These signals are converted into digital values by the analog-to-digital converter 11 ₂ is taken as the operation data of natural wind arithmetic unit 11 _3.

[0021] Digital input unit 11 _4, a dust collector operation number Ns for controlling the dust collector control unit 6A, and the jet fan operating number Nj jet fan control unit 5A controls, entering vehicle number n _L from traffic counter 4a, 4b , n _R and the vehicle speed Vt _L, each digital signal Vt _R uptake, provide operation data to the natural wind arithmetic unit 11 _3.

[0022] Wind arithmetic unit 11 _3, natural wind speed Un by carrying out calculation of the equation (2) and (3) from each data
Look, provide ventilation control arithmetic unit 11 _5. Ventilation control arithmetic unit 11 _5, by performing the ventilation control in consideration of its direction and natural wind speed Un, obtains the required number of operating jets fan and a dust collector.

[0023] Figure 2 shows an operation flow chart of the natural wind speed arithmetic unit 11 _3. In the figure, the calculation of the air density ρ in step S2 is corrected using the measured values of the barometer 12, the thermometer 13, and the hygrometer 14, since the air density changes depending on the weather conditions.

This correction is realized by using the following equation.

[0025]

Ρ = K ₁ (P−K ₂ * ψ * Ps) / TP: Atmospheric pressure (mmAq) ψ: Humidity (%) T: Atmospheric temperature (° C) Ps: Water vapor saturation pressure at T ° C (mmAq) ) K ₁ , K ₂ : Coefficients In the calculation of the traffic ventilation power ΔPt in step S3, the number of entering the tunnel n _L , n _R and the vehicle speed Vt _L. V
t _R is data from the traffic counters 4a and 4b generally provided in front of the tunnel, and is different from the actual number of vehicles traveling in the tunnel and the speed. Therefore, calculated distance therebetween Lt as the vehicle speed from the traffic counter position to the tunnel entrance does not change _R, the time Lt by dividing the Lt _L in the vehicle speed _R / Vt _R, the Lt _L / Vt _L, this time before the vehicle Use the number as the current number of vehicles.

In the moving average of step S9, since the natural wind speed Un does not change in minutes but changes in units of time, the obtained natural wind speed is smoothed using the moving average processing. .

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the natural wind speed is obtained from the difference between the actually measured wind speed in the tunnel in the operation state and the tunnel wind speed obtained using the ventilation model. When the natural wind is in the forward direction with respect to the jet flow direction of the jet fan, the number of jet fan operation is reduced to correct the power consumption. In the opposite direction, the number of operating jet fans can be increased to eliminate insufficient ventilation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a natural wind speed calculation in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ventilation automatic control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

2a, 2b: Smoke permeability meter 3: Anemometer 4a, 4b: Traffic counter 5: Jet fan 6: Dust collector 7, 11: Control device 11 ₃ : Natural wind calculation unit

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. Automatic ventilation control for predicting a soot transmission rate or the like from each measurement value of a road tunnel obtained from a soot transmission meter or the like and a current operation amount of a ventilator, and controlling increase or decrease of an operation amount of a ventilator according to the predicted value. In the device, an actual measurement wind speed in the tunnel in the operation state, a natural wind calculation unit for obtaining a natural wind speed from a difference between the wind speed in the tunnel obtained using the ventilation model, and the natural wind speed and the ventilation capacity of the ventilation device in the direction. A ventilation control arithmetic unit for adjusting the operation amount of the ventilator by correcting as an increase or decrease.