JPH04198599A - Ventilation controller of road tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize ventilation control in a road tunnel and to save electric power by calculating the number of operation tables of a ventilation means or the control value of airflow based on polluted concentration value from a pollution concentration measuring means, and correcting it to control the ventilation means. CONSTITUTION:Control operations are performed based on a polluted concentration value from a polluted concentration measuring means 30 in a road tunnel 10, and the number of operation tables of jet fans 21a-21c and the minimum value of operational airflow of an exhauster 22 are set with an exhauster operational airflow set value setting means 60 every constant time. After that, the control value of the operational airflow of the exhauster 22 from a feed-back control means 50 is corrected to output it to the exhauster 22 so that the operational airflow of the exhauster 22 is not less than the minimum value of the operational airflow of the exhauster 22 set by the number of operation tables and airflow set value setting means 60. The number of jet fans 21a-21c and the control value of the exhauster 22 are outputted through a ventilation stabilization means 70.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a ventilation control device for controlling ventilation in a road tunnel using a centralized exhaust longitudinal flow type, and particularly to The present invention relates to a ventilation control device for a road tunnel that prevents deterioration and performs stable ventilation control, as well as suppresses power consumption and saves power.

(Prior art) Recently, environmental issues have become important, especially in road tunnels in urban areas. Centralized mechanical ventilation using vertical shafts is often used. Contaminants are discharged from the tunnel to the outside world through this shaft.

By the way, the ventilation process in road tunnels with concentrated exhaust longitudinal flow is generally expressed as a distributed constant system, and it takes a lot of wasted time to understand the characteristics. In addition, if natural wind blows strongly in the opposite direction to the ventilation direction, or if there is two-way traffic, the balance that maintains the concentrated exhaust state may be disrupted if the vehicle passes in front of the vehicle in the opposite direction to the ventilation direction, and pollutants are temporarily It tends to stay inside the tunnel.

On the other hand, in road tunnels in the 2,000 to 3,000 m class, where the traffic volume is not very large and the length is not very long, a 4I pollution meter and an 8-meter pollution meter are used as ventilation sensors. A wind direction and wind speed measuring device is installed to measure the wind direction and speed according to the situation, and feedback control is performed using the output from the pollution concentration measuring device and the wind direction and speed measuring device. The specific ventilation control method is to detect the pollution concentration and increase or decrease the air volume of the shaft υ1 fan, and also to detect the wind direction and wind speed on the upstream and downstream sides of the shaft to adjust the air volume of the exhaust fan and In such cases, the number of jet fans in operation may be increased or decreased to maintain a stable concentrated exhaust state.

However, there is a certain pattern in the change in traffic volume over time, and there are times when traffic volume is high and times when it is low. Therefore, there are times when the ventilation air volume is high and there are times when it is low, and when the ventilation air volume is low, situations such as blow-through and deterioration of the visual environment are likely to occur even in response to small disturbances, making it difficult to control.

Furthermore, in the case of two-way traffic, as mentioned above, sudden disturbances often cause the concentrated exhaust to become unbalanced, resulting in temporary accumulation of pollutants.

If the contamination concentration exceeds a permissible value due to the accumulation of such T-dye substances, the ventilation system must be operated at full capacity to recover. In this way, with feedback control of wind speed,
There is room for improvement in terms of ventilation control stability and power saving.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) As described above, in the conventional ventilation control knob method for road tunnels, sudden disturbances can cause blow-throughs and worsen the pollution concentration, and it is also unfavorable from the point of view of power saving. There was a problem.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an extremely reliable road tunnel ventilation control device that prevents deterioration of pollution concentration and performs stable ventilation control, as well as suppresses power consumption and saves power. The purpose is to provide.

[Configuration of the Invention (Means for Solving the Problems)] In order to achieve the above object, the road tunnel ventilation control device of the present invention provides a ventilation control device for a road tunnel in which a longitudinal flow of concentrated tJl air is carried out in the form of ventilation tJ. A ventilation means consisting of at least an exhaust fan for ventilation, a pollution concentration old control means for measuring the pollution concentration in the road tunnel, and a pollution concentration value from the pollution concentration measurement means are input, and the pollution concentration value is based on the pollution concentration value. Feedback control means that performs control calculations and outputs the control value of the number of operating ventilation means or air volume; and the number of operating exhaust fans that sets the number of operating exhaust fans or the minimum value of air volume at regular intervals.
The air volume setting value setting means and the number of operating exhaust fans or air volume are set to -○ - Feedback is performed so that the number of operating exhaust fans or air volume does not become smaller than the set minimum value. The ventilation stabilizing means corrects the number of operating ventilation means or the air volume control value from the control means and outputs the corrected value to the ventilation means.

(Function) Therefore, in the road tunnel ventilation control device of the present invention, the number of operating ventilation means or the control value of air volume is calculated by the foot hack control means based on the pollution concentration value from the pollution concentration meter 1111 means. , and the minimum value of the operating number of +ul wind fans or the air volume is set by the operating number of exhaust fan/air volume setting value setting means. [7] The number of operating exhaust fans or the air volume must be adjusted from the feedback control means so that the number of operating exhaust fans or the air volume does not become smaller than the minimum value set by the number of operating exhaust fans/air volume set value setting means. The number of operating units of the ventilation means or the control value of the air volume is corrected by the ventilation stabilization means and then applied to the ventilation means.

This makes it possible to easily control disturbances in areas that are difficult to deal with with conventional feedback control, and ensures the minimum amount of exhaust air according to the ventilation load, so it is possible to easily control disturbances that are difficult to deal with with conventional feedback control. Is there a certain amount of ventilation? This eliminates the need for excessive operations such as constantly adjusting the air volume and number of ventilators. Furthermore, since a constant amount of ventilation is maintained even in the face of sudden disturbances, it is possible to prevent extreme deterioration of contaminant concentration and perform stable ventilation control. As a result, the number of controls required to handle the worst-case scenario, such as a ventilator operating at full capacity, is reduced, resulting in power savings.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram specifically showing a configuration example of a concentrated exhaust condensation type road tunnel to which the present invention is applied.

In FIG. 2, a car 11 is inside the road tunnel 10.
In order to dilute the concentration of pollutants generated by the running of the road tunnel, a plurality of jet fans 21a to 21C and an exhaust fan 22 are installed as ventilation means to ventilate the inside of the road tunnel. . This JJL Wind Machine 22
It is often the case that multiple units are installed to control the number of units, but here we assume a case where one unit is installed and its air volume is controlled.

On the other hand, inside the road tunnel 10, a pollution concentration measuring means 30 for measuring the pollution concentration inside the road tunnel 10 is installed. As this pollution concentration measuring means 30, there are four smoke transmittance meters (hereinafter referred to as VI Neil) 3]a to 31.
- d, and four carbon monoxide concentration meters (hereinafter referred to as CO meters) 32a to B2 () are installed.This Vl meter is installed in road tunnels where pollutants such as soot are obstructed].
It measures the transmittance of light in the air within 0. In addition, in the road tunnel 10, there are two wind direction and wind speed measuring means 3 that measure the wind speed in the J direction in the road tunnel 10 by a total of 111111.
5a.

35b is installed. In addition, road l/nnel] 0
A traffic volume measuring means 40 for measuring the traffic volume of the road tunnel 10 is installed inside.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration example of a ventilation control device for an exhaust flow type road tunnel according to the present invention.
Elements that are the same as those in FIG. 2 are indicated with the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation control device of this embodiment includes two jet fans and two J and II wind fans.
2, pollution concentration measuring means 30, and wind direction and wind speed measuring means 35
, traffic measurement means 40 , and feedback control means 5
0, an exhaust fan operating air volume setting value setting means 60, and a ventilation stabilizing means 70.

Here, the feedback control means 50 inputs the pollution concentration value from the pollution concentration measurement means 30, performs control calculations based on the pollution concentration value, and controls the jet fans 21a to 21.
It outputs control values for the number of operating units 1c and the operating air volume of the υl wind turbines 22.

Further, the exhaust fan operating air volume setting value setting means 60 sets the minimum value of the operating air volume of the υ1 fan 22 at regular intervals. Further, the ventilation stabilizing means 70 performs feedback control so that the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 does not become smaller than the minimum value of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 set by the operating number of exhaust fan/air volume setting value setting means 60. The control value of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 from the means 50 is corrected and outputted to the exhaust fan 22 by -1,0-, and the number of operating jet fans 2], a to 21c, and the operation of the exhaust fan 22 are adjusted. A control value for air volume is output to the sheet fans 21a to 21c.

Next, the operation of the road tunnel ventilation control device configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

In FIG. 1, the pollution concentration measurement values VI] to VI4, C obtained by the pollution concentration measuring means 30 and the wind direction and wind speed measuring means 35 are shown.
O]~CO4, wind speed measurement value WS1. .

WS2 is input to the feedback control means 50.

Then, the feedback means 50 calculates Vl and Co based on the contamination concentration measurement values Vll to VI4 and COI to C○4.
Feedback control and anemometer 41 value WS1. WS2
Wind speed balance control that controls the wind speed balance in the section between the upstream side and the downstream side of the shaft based on the wind speed measurement value WS].

Based on WS2, prevention control is performed on the atrium to prevent contaminated air from blowing through from the tunnel entrance, and control values for the number of operating jet fans 21 and the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 are output, and these are used for ventilation. It is input to the stabilizing means 70.

In this case, in the VI, Co feedback control, the deviation between the most deteriorated vr, co measurement value and the target value of Vl, C0 is obtained, and the deviation is multiplied by a gain of a certain size to operate the exhaust fan 22. The air volume increase/decrease value is calculated, and the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 is corrected based on this.

In addition, in the wind speed balance control, in order to ensure that the ventilation air flows smoothly in both sections of the shaft and maintain a stable concentrated exhaust condition, the jet fan 21 is operated so that the wind speed ratio or the length ratio of the sections on both sides of the shaft is maintained. The number of machines is controlled. For example, the length of the section upstream from the shaft is 10, and the length of the section downstream is 12.
, jet fan 2], the control output by wind speed balance control is I f WS2>wa*12/1. *WS]then
Nb2 = N2-c If WS2>Wb*12/l, *WS1then
It is calculated by Nb2-N2+c-]2-. Here, wa and wb are parameters (ex, wa=1.2.wb-〇, 8).

Further, in the blow-through prevention control, if blow-through is absolutely not allowed, for example, if the wind speed exceeds a certain threshold vrn, control is performed to increase the operating air volume of the blower 22 by a certain amount.

In other words, the control output of the atrium due to the prevention + l - control is Q,
If (WS3.<vrnl,) or (WS2>vrn2) then Q+=Q+*d ex, d=1. ．． 2, Q is calculated.

Next, the υ1 fan operating air volume setting value setting means 60 sets the minimum value Q of the exhaust fan operating air volume for each fixed time based on the traffic volume, which is the output from the 9-stage traffic volume meter 40, for example. is determined, and the minimum value Q of the exhaust fan operating air volume for each hourly period is determined.
, are input to the ventilation stabilization means 70.

= 13- Next, the ventilation stabilizing means 70 sets the exhaust fan operating air volume to 4JI set by the exhaust fan operating air volume setting value setting means 60.
Minimum air volume Q for wind fan operation. so as not to be smaller than
The control value Q0 from the feedback control means 50 is corrected. In other words, the operating air volume output value of the exhaust fan is Q au+
Then, Q. ,, =max (Qfb, Q
, ), the minimum value Q of the exhaust fan operating air volume is set by the exhaust fan operating air volume set value setting means 60. , or the control value Q from the feedback control means 50 and 13, whichever is larger is output preferentially.

Next, an example of a specific calculation procedure in the exhaust fan operation air volume setting value setting means 60 will be explained.

In the exhaust fan operation air volume setting value setting means 60, traffic volume prediction is performed, for example, every 60 minutes, based on the traffic volume measured by the traffic volume measuring means 40, and ventilation calculation is performed based on the predicted traffic volume. Based on this ventilation calculation result, the minimum value Q of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan is determined. is determined.

That is, in FIG. 3, the traffic volume prediction function 71 consists of three steps, the first step is a basic pattern creation function 711, and the second step is a prediction of the deviation from the basic pattern of traffic volume in the next time period. The third step of the function 712 is a function 713 of calculating the predicted traffic volume for the next time period. In the first step, for example, the average traffic volume for the past 30 days in each time period is stored as a basic pattern.

Furthermore, in the second step, the deviation in the next time period is predicted from the deviation between this basic pattern and today's traffic volume. Furthermore, in the third step, the predicted deviation for the next time period, which was buried in the second step, is added to the traffic volume of the basic pattern for the next time period.

Next, the ventilation calculation function 72 calculates the required ventilation amount to satisfy the target Vl value or the allowable CO value for the predicted traffic volume calculated by the traffic volume prediction function 71.

Next, the determining function 73 for the minimum value Q of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan uses the minimum value Q0 of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan or the required ventilation volume that is the calculation result of the ventilation calculation function 72, for example, Q, -(required ventilation volume) xa+b ex, a=0.7. Determined by b=0. Here, the parameter b is a correction coefficient used to take into account natural wind and randomness of up and down traffic.

As a result of the above, even if the traffic volume temporarily decreases during a time when the ventilation load is low, ventilation will be performed at the minimum value Q of the exhaust fan operation air volume, and even if the traffic volume increases rapidly thereafter, it will be tolerated. This only results in a deterioration of Vl such that the value is divided. In addition, if left to feedback control alone, in the case described in item 1, VI will deteriorate due to the reduction in the operating air volume of the exhaust fan, and conversely, in order to quickly recover from the VI deterioration,
It may be necessary to significantly increase the air volume of the exhaust fan. Minimum value Q of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan that is too large compared to the actual traffic volume. If the above parameters a and b are set as
By adjusting it in light of the location conditions etc. of 0,
It can be adjusted. Further, since the exhaust fan operation air volume setting value setting means 60 can automatically change the minimum value Q of the exhaust fan operation air volume in accordance with daily fluctuations in traffic volume,
For example, during the daytime hours when there are few large vehicles, the minimum value Q of the exhaust fan operating air volume is reduced, and during the day when the number of vehicles passing by is small or the proportion of large vehicles is high, ventilation control is difficult to stabilize. It is also possible to increase the minimum value Q of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan. Therefore, it has good ability to follow changes in traffic volume and changes in the red year. Furthermore, the minimum value Q of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan. It is also possible to reflect the previous day's ventilator operation results and empirical knowledge. As a result, it is possible to realize feedback control that can achieve both stability of pollution concentration control and power consumption reduction.

As described above, the ventilation control device of this embodiment is provided in the concentrated exhaust flow-flow road tunnel 10,
A plurality of jet fans 2], a to 21c, and an exhaust fan 22, which are ventilation means for ventilation inside the road tunnel 10, a pollution concentration measuring means 30 for measuring the pollution concentration inside the road tunnel 10, and a pollution concentration measuring means 30 for measuring the pollution concentration inside the road tunnel 10. Two wind direction and wind speed measurement means 35a and 35b that control wind direction and wind speed, and a road tunnel 1
Control calculations are performed based on the traffic volume prediction function 40 that measures the traffic volume of 0, and the concentration level value from the pollution concentration measuring means 30, and the number of operating jet fans 21a to 21c and the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 are calculated. Feedback control means 50 that outputs a control value; Exhaust fan operating air volume setting value setting means 60 that sets the minimum value of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 at regular intervals;
In order to prevent the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 from becoming smaller than the minimum value of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan 22 set by the operating number of exhaust fan/air volume setting value setting means 60, In addition to correcting the control value of the operating air volume of 22 and outputting it to the exhaust fan 22, the number of operating jet fans 21a to 2]c and the control value of the operating air volume of the υl fan 22 are corrected to the jet fans 21a to 21C. It is composed of a ventilation stabilizing means 70 that outputs an output.

Therefore, it is possible to easily control disturbances in areas that are difficult to deal with using conventional feedback control alone, and to secure the minimum amount of air exhaust according to the ventilation load, it is possible to easily control disturbances that are difficult to deal with with conventional feedback control. A somewhat constant amount of ventilation can be obtained, and there is no need to constantly adjust the air volume or number of ventilators. Furthermore, since a constant amount of ventilation is maintained even in the face of sudden disturbances, it is possible to prevent extreme deterioration of the contaminant concentration and perform stable ventilation control. As a result, the number of times the control is activated for the 11 worst conditions such as full operation of the ventilator is also reduced, thereby making it possible to save power.

In the embodiment described above, the minimum value Q of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan is calculated based on the measured traffic values, but the method is not limited to this, for example, as shown in FIG. , vI wind speed operating air volume minimum value Q for one day's time period. It is also possible to prepare several patterns of tables in advance and use them depending on the day of the week, etc., and the contents of this figure 4 can be entered offline.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the case has been described in which the minimum value of the operating air volume of the exhaust fan is set at fixed time intervals by the exhaust fan operating air volume set value setting means 60. The minimum value of the number of operating exhaust fans may be set at regular intervals.

Further, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a road tunnel in which a jet fan and a 4DL fan are respectively installed as ventilation means to ventilate the inside of the road tunnel, but the present invention is not limited to this. 17
Therefore, the present invention can be similarly applied to a road tunnel in which only an exhaust fan is installed.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the number of operating ventilation means or the control value of the air volume is calculated based on the pollution concentration value from the pollution concentration πi measurement means, and the operation of the exhaust fan is Set the minimum value of the number of operating exhaust fans or the air volume, and set the limit value of the number of operating ventilation means or the air volume so that the number of operating exhaust fans or the air volume does not become smaller than the set minimum value of the number of operating exhaust fans or the air volume. As a supplementary measure, the ventilation means is controlled, so that the minimum amount of ventilation means is operated according to the ventilation load, regardless of temporary fluctuations in natural conditions and traffic volume, and the deterioration of the pollution concentration can be prevented. It is possible to provide an extremely reliable road tunnel ventilation control device that can perform stable ventilation control while suppressing power consumption and save power.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a ventilation control device for a concentrated exhaust condensation type road tunnel according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a concentrated exhaust condensation type road tunnel to which the present invention is applied. , FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the calculation procedure in the exhaust fan operating air volume setting value setting means in the same embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a diagram for giving the minimum value of the exhaust fan operating air volume. ]0...Road tunnel, 21a-21c...Jet fan, 22...Exhaust fan, 30...Pollution concentration meter -21
= Measuring means, 3] a -3] d -VI meter, 32a
-32d -CO meter, 35... Wind direction and wind speed measuring means, 40
...Traffic volume measuring means, 50...Feedback control means, 60...Exhaust fan operation air volume setting value setting means, 70
...Ventilation stabilization means. Applicant's representative Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue 4Q Creation of the basic pattern of traffic measurement means Prediction of deviation from the basic pattern of traffic volume in the next time period Calculation of predicted traffic volume in the next time period Therefore, 172 1:;L: ;, tyyu "73 3rd iIA 4th cause

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Ventilation means consisting of at least an exhaust fan for ventilating a concentrated exhaust longitudinal flow road tunnel to be ventilated; a pollution concentration measuring means for measuring the pollution concentration within the road tunnel; and the pollution concentration measurement means. a feedback control means that inputs the pollution concentration value from the means, performs control calculations based on the pollution concentration value, and outputs the control value of the number of operating ventilation means or the air volume; and the minimum value of the number of operating ventilation means or the air volume. a set value setting means for setting the number of operating exhaust fans and air volume setting value at regular intervals; Ventilation stabilizing means corrects the number of operating ventilation means or the air volume control value from the feedback control means so that the value does not become smaller than a minimum value, and outputs the corrected value to the ventilation means. Ventilation control device for road tunnels. (2) The means for setting the number of operating exhaust fans and air volume setting value includes a traffic volume prediction means for periodically predicting traffic volume based on the traffic volume of the road tunnel measured by a traffic volume measurement means; ventilation calculation means for calculating the required ventilation amount and the required number of exhaust fans by performing ventilation calculations based on the predicted traffic volume from the prediction means; 2. The ventilation control device for a road tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising means for determining the minimum value of the number of operating exhaust fans and the minimum air volume. (3) As the ventilation stabilization means, the number of operating exhaust fans or the minimum value of air volume set by the number of operating exhaust fans/air volume set value setting means, or the number of operating ventilation means from the feedback control means, or 2. The ventilation control device for a road tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a larger one of the air volume control values is output preferentially.