CN108442968B - Tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device - Google Patents
Tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108442968B CN108442968B CN201810517458.2A CN201810517458A CN108442968B CN 108442968 B CN108442968 B CN 108442968B CN 201810517458 A CN201810517458 A CN 201810517458A CN 108442968 B CN108442968 B CN 108442968B
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- Prior art keywords
- inlet chamber
- tunnel
- water inlet
- air
- pipe
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel tunnel smoke and dust removing system device which comprises an air supply mechanism, an air draft mechanism, a dust removing mechanism and a gun smoke diffusion preventing mechanism, wherein the air supply mechanism is arranged on the air draft mechanism; the dust removing mechanism comprises at least one automatic spraying device, and the automatic spraying device is arranged at the face; the anti-gun smoke diffusion mechanism is arranged at the tunnel portal and comprises an isolation device. The novel tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device is reasonable in design, fully utilizes on-site device equipment, combines the air supply mechanism and the air draft mechanism, is convenient for circulating air in the tunnel, timely discharges waste gas outwards, and introduces fresh air into the tunnel to keep air quality in the tunnel; the automatic spraying device can further prevent the generated blasting smoke after blasting from being diffused into the air outside the tunnel, and the blasting smoke or harmful gas particles are adsorbed, combined and then settled on the ground, so that the dust removal rate is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a smoke and dust removal system device for a tunnel.
Background
In the tunnel construction process, the control of blasting smoke and waste gas is particularly important, and the control of blasting smoke and waste gas directly influences the integral tunnel construction process. Aiming at controlling the concentration of blasting smoke, the existing method for dust fall in the tunnel mainly adopts a ventilation mode of pressing in, and also adopts a dust fall vehicle or a fog gun machine to reduce the dust. The method has the defects that the flow direction of the gun smoke is not easy to control, the gun smoke is easy to diffuse in a tunnel, the working environment is influenced, the physical health of operators is seriously influenced, and the expected effect is difficult to achieve. At present, most domestic tunnels adopt fans to carry out press-in type tunnel dust fall, after tunnel excavation, air pipes are timely connected to the tunnel face at a distance of 30-50M, so that the concentration of blasting smoke in the tunnel is reduced, and the construction environment in the tunnel is ensured. Although the tunnel ventilation and dust fall method is very practical, the tunnel ventilation and dust fall method has the defects of different degrees and mainly comprises the following steps: in the smoke discharging process, smoke is discharged to a tunnel opening along the whole tunnel, so that secondary pollution of smoke discharging of the whole tunnel is caused; ventilation and dust fall can only ensure unilateral air quality; the environment pollution in the hole is easily caused by untimely operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tunnel smoke and dust removal system device, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a tunnel smoke and dust removing system device comprises an air supply mechanism, an air draft mechanism, a dust removing mechanism and a gun smoke diffusion preventing mechanism; the air supply mechanism comprises an air compressor and an air supply pipe, the air compressor is arranged outside the tunnel, one end of the air supply pipe is communicated with the air compressor, the other end of the air supply pipe is provided with a tunnel face, and the air supply pipe is arranged on one side of the upper part of the tunnel; the exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust fan and an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust fan, and the exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the tunnel; the dust removing mechanism comprises at least one automatic spraying device, and the automatic spraying device is arranged at the face; the anti-gun smoke diffusion mechanism is arranged at the tunnel portal and comprises an isolation device.
The exhaust fan is provided with a plurality of exhaust fans which are distributed on the path of the exhaust fan at intervals and are respectively communicated with the exhaust fan, and a shutter is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust fan at each interval of 45-65 m.
The isolation device is arranged at the position 60-100M behind the face.
The isolation device comprises an inflatable arch door, the inflatable arch door is tightly attached to the top and two sides of the tunnel after being unfolded, a cloth curtain is arranged on the inflatable arch door, and the cloth curtain covers the arc-shaped part of the inflatable arch door.
The automatic spraying device comprises a spraying gun body and a spray head, wherein the spraying gun body comprises an atomizing chamber, a water inlet chamber and an air inlet chamber, the atomizing chamber is of a wedge-shaped structure, the spray head is fixedly arranged on the left side of the atomizing chamber, the right side of the atomizing chamber is fixedly connected with one side of the water inlet chamber, the other side of the water inlet chamber is fixedly connected with the air inlet chamber, and a control valve is arranged between the water inlet chamber and the air inlet chamber; the outdoor a plurality of water injection nozzles that are equipped with of intaking, the water injection nozzle symmetry encircles the distribution and is in the intake chamber outside, the one end intercommunication of water injection nozzle intake chamber and opposite side and water pipe intercommunication, intake chamber and trachea intercommunication.
The atomizing chamber comprises an atomizing chamber outer pipe and an atomizing chamber inner pipe, the central axis of the atomizing chamber inner pipe coincides with the central axis of the atomizing chamber outer pipe, and a gap between the atomizing chamber outer pipe and the atomizing chamber inner pipe forms a first channel; the water inlet chamber comprises a water inlet chamber outer pipe and a water inlet chamber inner column, a plurality of support columns are connected between the water inlet chamber inner column and the water inlet chamber outer pipe, the central axis of the water inlet chamber inner column coincides with the central axis of the water inlet chamber outer pipe, and a second channel is formed by a gap between the water inlet chamber outer pipe and the water inlet chamber inner column; the atomizing chamber inner pipe is fixedly connected with the inner column of the water inlet chamber, the atomizing chamber outer pipe is fixedly connected with the outer tube of the water inlet chamber, the first channel is communicated with the second channel, and the width of the first channel is the same as that of the second channel.
The control valve is a spring type air inlet valve, and one end of the spring type air inlet valve is fixedly connected with the inner column of the water inlet chamber.
The air inlet chamber comprises a supercharging ventilation disc and a pressure chamber, the supercharging ventilation disc is fixedly connected with the pressure chamber through screws, an air outlet through hole is formed in the middle of the supercharging ventilation disc, the supercharging ventilation disc is of a concave spherical shape, and a valve core of the spring type air inlet valve abuts against the air outlet through hole of the air inlet chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the smoke and dust removing system device for the tunnel is reasonable in design, and the air supply mechanism and the air draft mechanism are combined, so that circulation of air in the tunnel is facilitated, waste gas is discharged outwards in time, fresh air is introduced into the tunnel, and air quality in the tunnel is maintained; the automatic spraying device can further prevent the generated blasting smoke after blasting from being diffused into the air outside the tunnel, and the blasting smoke or harmful gas particles are adsorbed, combined and then settled on the ground, so that the dust removal rate is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1: schematic diagram of side view direction structure of tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device;
fig. 2: a tunnel portal schematic diagram;
fig. 3: an automatic spraying device structure schematic diagram of a tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment 1: referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a system device for smoke and dust removal in a tunnel includes an air supply mechanism 1, an air draft mechanism 2, a dust removal mechanism 4 and a gun smoke diffusion prevention mechanism 3; the air supply mechanism 1 is responsible for sending fresh air outside the tunnel to the construction face 20, the air draft mechanism 2 is responsible for discharging blasting smoke and waste gas at the face 20 to the outside of the tunnel, so that the air in the tunnel construction face 20 forms circulating convection and blasting smoke and dirty air are reduced; the air supply mechanism 1 comprises an air compressor 101 and an air supply pipe 102, wherein the air compressor 101 is arranged at the outer side of the tunnel, one end of the air supply pipe 102 is communicated with the air compressor 101, the other end of the air supply pipe is arranged at the tunnel face 20, and the air supply pipe 102 is arranged at one side of the upper part of the tunnel; the exhaust mechanism 2 comprises an exhaust fan 201 and an exhaust fan 202, the exhaust fan 202 is arranged at the top of the tunnel, the exhaust fan 2 is provided with a plurality of exhaust fans which are distributed at intervals on the path of the exhaust fan 202 and are respectively communicated with the exhaust fan 202, a shutter (not labeled in the figure) is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust fan 202 at each interval of 45-65m, harmful gas in the tunnel can be adsorbed into the exhaust fan 202 through the shutter, the exhaust fan 202 can further achieve the exhaust gas exhausting function, and the orifice of the exhaust fan 202 lags behind the orifice of the air supply pipe 102.
A drilling trolley 19 is used in a construction tunnel, the dust removing mechanism 4 is arranged in front of the drilling trolley 19, the dust removing mechanism 4 comprises two automatic spraying devices, the automatic spraying devices are arranged at the tunnel face 20, the gun smoke diffusion preventing mechanism 3 is arranged at a tunnel opening, and the gun smoke diffusion preventing mechanism 3 comprises an isolating device 301; the isolation device 301 is arranged at the position 60-100M behind the tunnel face 20, and determines the isolation distance according to the length of the field tunnel. The isolation device 301 comprises an inflatable arch 301-1, the inflatable arch 301-1 is arranged on the rear side of the drilling trolley 19, the inflatable arch 301-1 is inflated through equipment such as an air pump on the drilling trolley 19, the inflatable arch 301-1 is tightly attached to the top and two sides of a tunnel after being unfolded, a cloth curtain 301-2 is arranged on the inflatable arch 301-1, the cloth curtain 301-2 covers the arc-shaped part of the inflatable arch 301-1, a closed space is formed between the drilling trolley 19 and the tunnel face 20 through the cloth curtain 301-2, dust in air is adsorbed and falls onto the ground through dust falling operation of gun smoke generated after explosion through the automatic spraying device.
The automatic spraying device comprises a spraying gun body and a spraying head 5, wherein the spraying gun body comprises an atomization chamber 6, a water inlet chamber 7 and a water inlet chamber 8, the atomization chamber 6 is of a wedge-shaped structure, the spraying head 5 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the atomization chamber 6, the right side of the atomization chamber 6 is fixedly connected with one side of the water inlet chamber 7, the other side of the water inlet chamber 7 is fixedly connected with the water inlet chamber 8 through screws, and a spring type air inlet valve 11 is arranged between the water inlet chamber 7 and the water inlet chamber 8; the air inlet chamber 8 is communicated with the air pipe 12, a pressure valve 15 is arranged on the air pipe 12, and the flow of air is controlled through the pressure valve 15.
The atomization chamber 6 comprises an atomization chamber outer pipe 601 and an atomization chamber inner pipe 602, a central axis of the atomization chamber inner pipe 602 coincides with a central axis of the atomization chamber outer pipe 601, and a gap between the atomization chamber outer pipe 601 and the atomization chamber inner pipe 602 forms a first channel 603; the water inlet chamber 7 comprises a water inlet chamber outer pipe 701 and a water inlet chamber inner column 702, four support columns 704 are arranged between the water inlet chamber inner column 702 and the water inlet chamber outer pipe 701, the central axis of the water inlet chamber inner column 702 is overlapped with the central axis of the water inlet chamber outer pipe 701, and a second channel 703 is formed by a gap between the water inlet chamber outer pipe 701 and the water inlet chamber inner column 702; the first channel 603 communicates with the second channel 703, and the first channel 603 has the same width as the second channel 703. The right end of the outer tube 601 of the atomization chamber is provided with a step 604, one end of the outer tube 701 of the water inlet chamber is correspondingly clamped into the step 604 at the right end of the outer tube 601 of the atomization chamber, and the outer tube 701 of the water inlet chamber is fixedly connected with the outer tube 601 of the atomization chamber through screws.
The outside of the outer pipe 701 of the water inlet chamber is provided with a plurality of water nozzles 13 according to actual operation demands, the water nozzles 13 are communicated with the second channel 703, the water nozzles 13 are symmetrically distributed around the outside of the outer pipe 701 of the water inlet chamber, the water nozzles 13 are respectively communicated with the water pipe 14, and the water pipe 14 is provided with a flow control valve 18 for regulating the flow of water.
One end of the intake chamber inner column 702 is provided with a groove 702-2, and the spring type intake valve 11 is fixed in the groove 702-2. The other end of the inner inlet chamber column 702 is provided with an inner threaded hole 702-1, and the right end of the inner atomizing chamber tube 602 is provided with an external thread which is screwed and fixed with the inner inlet chamber column 702.
The air inlet chamber 8 comprises a supercharging ventilation disc 9 and a pressure cavity 10, the supercharging ventilation disc 9 is fixedly connected with the pressure cavity 10 through screws, an air outlet through hole 901 is formed in the middle of the supercharging ventilation disc 9, the supercharging ventilation disc 9 is of a concave spherical shape, and a valve core of the spring type air inlet valve 11 abuts against the air outlet through hole 901 of the air inlet chamber 8.
The spray gun is characterized in that two handles, namely a front handle 16 and a rear handle 17, are arranged outside the spray gun body, a control switch 1701 is arranged on the rear handle 17, the water pipe 14 and the air pipe 12 are respectively connected with the control switch 1701, and the two handles are arranged in front of and behind the spray gun body, so that the hand can be held more firmly.
Compared with the prior art, the smoke and dust removing system device for the tunnel is reasonable in design, and the air supply mechanism and the air draft mechanism are combined, so that circulation of air in the tunnel is facilitated, waste gas is discharged outwards in time, fresh air is introduced into the tunnel, and air quality in the tunnel is maintained; the automatic spraying device can further prevent the generated blasting smoke after blasting from being diffused into the air outside the tunnel, and the blasting smoke or harmful gas particles are adsorbed, combined and then settled on the ground, so that the dust removal rate is further improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel dust pelletizing system device that discharges fume which characterized in that: comprises an air supply mechanism, an air draft mechanism, a dust removing mechanism and a gun smoke diffusion preventing mechanism; the air supply mechanism comprises an air compressor and an air supply pipe, the air compressor is arranged outside the tunnel, one end of the air supply pipe is communicated with the air compressor, the other end of the air supply pipe is provided with a tunnel face, and the air supply pipe is arranged on one side of the upper part of the tunnel; the exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust fan and an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust fan, and the exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the tunnel; the dust removing mechanism comprises at least one automatic spraying device, and the automatic spraying device is arranged at the face; the anti-gun smoke diffusion mechanism is arranged at the tunnel portal and comprises an isolation device; the automatic spraying device comprises a spraying gun body and a spray head, wherein the spraying gun body comprises an atomizing chamber, a water inlet chamber and an air inlet chamber, the atomizing chamber is of a wedge-shaped structure, the spray head is fixedly arranged on the left side of the atomizing chamber, the right side of the atomizing chamber is fixedly connected with one side of the water inlet chamber, the other side of the water inlet chamber is fixedly connected with the air inlet chamber, and a control valve is arranged between the water inlet chamber and the air inlet chamber; the water inlet chamber is provided with a plurality of water nozzles outside, the water nozzles are symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the water inlet chamber in a surrounding mode, one end of each water nozzle is communicated with the water inlet chamber, the other end of each water nozzle is communicated with a water pipe, and the air inlet chamber is communicated with an air pipe; the atomizing chamber comprises an atomizing chamber outer pipe and an atomizing chamber inner pipe, the central axis of the atomizing chamber inner pipe coincides with the central axis of the atomizing chamber outer pipe, and a gap between the atomizing chamber outer pipe and the atomizing chamber inner pipe forms a first channel; the water inlet chamber comprises a water inlet chamber outer pipe and a water inlet chamber inner column, a plurality of support columns are connected between the water inlet chamber inner column and the water inlet chamber outer pipe, the central axis of the water inlet chamber inner column coincides with the central axis of the water inlet chamber outer pipe, and a second channel is formed by a gap between the water inlet chamber outer pipe and the water inlet chamber inner column; the atomization chamber inner pipe is fixedly connected with the water inlet chamber inner column, the atomization chamber outer pipe is fixedly connected with the water inlet chamber outer pipe, the first channel is communicated with the second channel, and the widths of the first channel and the second channel are the same; the air inlet chamber comprises a supercharging ventilation disc and a pressure chamber, the supercharging ventilation disc is fixedly connected with the pressure chamber through screws, an air outlet through hole is formed in the middle of the supercharging ventilation disc, the supercharging ventilation disc is of a concave spherical shape, and a valve core of the control valve abuts against the air outlet through hole of the air inlet chamber.
2. A tunnel smoke and dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust fan is provided with a plurality of exhaust fans which are distributed on the path of the exhaust fan at intervals and are respectively communicated with the exhaust fan, and a shutter is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust fan at each interval of 45-65 m.
3. A tunnel smoke and dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein: the isolation device is arranged at the position 60-100M behind the face.
4. A tunnel smoke and dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein: the isolation device comprises an inflatable arch door, the inflatable arch door is tightly attached to the top and two sides of the tunnel after being unfolded, a cloth curtain is arranged on the inflatable arch door, and the cloth curtain covers the arc-shaped part of the inflatable arch door.
5. A tunnel smoke and dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein: the control valve is a spring type air inlet valve, and one end of the spring type air inlet valve is fixedly connected with the inner column of the water inlet chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810517458.2A CN108442968B (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2018-05-25 | Tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810517458.2A CN108442968B (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2018-05-25 | Tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108442968A CN108442968A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
| CN108442968B true CN108442968B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810517458.2A Active CN108442968B (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2018-05-25 | Tunnel smoke-discharging dust-removing system device |
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN109113783B (en) * | 2018-08-25 | 2020-10-30 | 隗有祥 | Coal mine coal face upper corner gas extraction device |
| CN109184776B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-12-24 | 山东大学 | Tunnel full-automatic curtain dust removal device and method based on construction trolley |
| CN109723484B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-10-09 | 长安大学 | Closed pressure drainage combined ventilation system and ventilation method for tunnel construction by drilling and blasting method |
| CN110821548B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-06-01 | 山东大学 | Comprehensive tunnel dust removal system and method |
| CN112320396B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-05-17 | 五科星环保科技(北京)股份有限公司 | Movable fly ash humidifying and dedusting device and fly ash humidifying and dedusting method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108442968A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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