JP2948667B2 - Waterproof sheet and self-wearing waterproof method using it - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-adhesive waterproofing method using a waterproof sheet made of asphalt or modified asphalt in waterproofing construction of buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In waterproofing construction of buildings, high-temperature asphalt melted at a construction site is used as an adhesive.
A so-called asphalt waterproofing thermal method in which a plurality of waterproof sheets made of asphalt, so-called asphalt roofing, are laminated to form a waterproof layer, has been actively used as a mainstream of waterproofing work.

[0003] This method has very high waterproof reliability,
Even now, it accounts for a majority of all waterproofing work. However, this method is disadvantageous in that when melting asphalt, it generates a large amount of smoke and smell of molten asphalt and significantly contaminates the surrounding environment. Regions tend to be limited.
Moreover, to handle hot asphalt during work,
Workers are at risk of burns and dirty clothing, which is particularly disliked by young people, and the number of workers is becoming chronically short.

On the other hand, so-called sheet waterproofing, in which a rubber or plastic sheet is attached with an adhesive without using any molten asphalt at the construction site, is widely used, but in most cases, waterproofing is performed using only one sheet. Forming a layer 1
Because it is a layer waterproof system, it is far from asphalt waterproof thermal method in terms of waterproof reliability.

Against this background, there has been a strong demand among users for an asphalt waterproofing method that does not use any molten asphalt at the time of construction and has high reliability. As one countermeasure, there is a so-called self-adhesive waterproofing method of forming a waterproof layer using a waterproof sheet made of asphalt or modified asphalt provided with a self-adhesive layer. The method appeared on the market about 20 years ago, and has been spreading particularly in recent years, and is gradually establishing its existence among various waterproofing methods.
If this method is described in detail, usually two waterproof sheets are laminated to form two waterproof layers in order to increase the waterproof reliability.

As a first layer, a self-adhesive layer 5 is provided on both sides.
Next, a waterproof sheet with a double-sided self-adhesive layer (see FIG. 4), on which a release paper 6 is respectively laminated, is used as a second layer. A waterproof sheet (see FIG. 5) is used. In addition to the waterproof sheet having a self-adhesive layer and a release paper laminate layer, there are various types of waterproof sheet laminated structures and compositions. As for the construction method, first, the first-layer waterproof sheet is attached to the base while removing the release paper.

[0007] The joining of the waterproof sheets is performed by laminating the self-adhesive layers while overlapping each other. Next, the second
The release paper surface of the waterproof sheet used as the layer is opposed to the first waterproof layer, and both the release paper remaining on the surface of the first waterproof layer and the release paper of the second waterproof sheet are removed together. A second waterproof sheet is adhered to the first waterproof layer with a self-adhesive layer to form a laminated waterproof layer.

[0008] At this time, the points that are particularly problematic will be described in detail below. 1. The following work is extremely complicated and time-consuming. Work of joining the first-layer waterproof sheet: Since the self-adhesive layers are joined while overlapping as described above, the release paper of the corresponding portion must be removed each time. Moreover, it is very unfortunate that, in many cases, the release paper is overlapped while being left partially at the joint, causing a water leakage accident.

[0009] Waterproof sheet terminal processing when the first layer waterproofing is interrupted: When rainfall or for some reason the work must be interrupted during the first layer waterproofing, rainwater will flow from the waterproof sheet terminal. So-called rain-curing treatment is required to prevent intrusion of water. Normally, a method of sealing with a sealing material or melting with a burner to dissolve the waterproof sheet is used, but the relevant release paper on the surface of the waterproof layer must be removed in advance to the extent that it does not hinder the work. .

Work of attaching the first waterproof layer and the second waterproof sheet together with the self-adhesive layers while removing the release paper from each other: In this case, the surface of the first waterproof layer already finished If the release paper is removed first, the worker cannot walk on it, and when the second-layer waterproof sheet is installed, the release paper of the second-layer waterproof sheet is placed on the surface of the first-layer waterproof layer. It sticks to the self-adhesive layer. Therefore, the first and second layers of release paper must be adhered together while being removed, resulting in a significant decrease in work efficiency.

2. The amount of release paper generated as waste material is very large. Release paper is generated as waste material at a ratio of 3 to the area of the building to be waterproofed, and the contractor is currently struggling to dispose of it. On the other hand, there is a major problem in terms of saving global resources. It has become.

To summarize the above problems, the first layer and the second layer
The point lies in that the layers are adhered to each other with their self-adhesive layers. Nevertheless, as mentioned above, the fact that the construction method is becoming popular is because the point of the pollution-free construction method, which is the greatest advantage of the construction method, is well-suited to the current social environment and needs and greatly appreciated. It is thought that there is. Therefore, it is very useful and urgent to solve the problems of the method widely.

[0013]

An object of the present invention is to provide a new waterproof sheet or under roofing material which is a waterproof sheet containing an asphalt layer, but uses a self-adhesive layer and release paper only on one side. The present invention is to provide a self-adhesive waterproofing method for forming a first waterproof layer by using the method, thereby widely solving the problems of the prior art caused by having a release paper on both sides of the prior art. Things.

[0014]

A first aspect of the present invention is to provide an asphalt layer, a plastic film layer and a non-slip thin layer on the upper surface of a base material, and an asphalt layer and a self-adhesive layer (hereinafter referred to as a self-adhesive layer) on the lower surface of the base material. A self-adhesive layer) and a release layer.

A second aspect of the present invention is that (a) the waterproof sheet is
After removing the release layer, the self-adhesive layer is adhered to the base, and successively integrated while continuously overlapping to form the first waterproof layer, and (b) having the self-adhesive layer and the release layer on the back surface. The self-adhesive layer is adhered to the first waterproof layer while removing the release layer from the second waterproof sheet, and the second waterproof layer is formed by successively integrating the layers while successively overlapping. The present invention relates to a self-adhesive waterproofing method characterized by the following.

As the plastic film which is a layer forming material of the first waterproof sheet, a general-purpose plastic film such as polyolefin, acrylic resin, polyester or the like can be used. Film is preferred. Further, the thickness is preferably about 8 to 30 μm since appropriate mechanical properties are required so as not to be easily damaged during construction.

Further, plastic films containing a large amount of a plasticizer or a softening agent, such as soft polyvinyl chloride, bleed later, and have an adhesive property with the asphalt composition on the back surface of the plastic film and a plastic film surface. Adhesion with the non-slip coating layer may be extremely reduced, so it is better to avoid it.

Next, since the non-slip thin film laminated on the surface of the plastic film is usually formed by painting, it is hereinafter referred to as a non-slip coating layer, which will be described in detail. The reason for providing the coating layer is that there is no hindrance when the surface to be waterproofed is almost horizontal or the gradient is very gentle, but when the gradient is large (especially in recent buildings, the roof has been actively used as part of the design. Increasing the number of sloped roofs to expose them to the public) increases the risk of workers slipping and falling or falling.

From this viewpoint, it is extremely effective to use the waterproof sheet of the present invention as a roofing material. In this case, a roof surface finishing material (tile, slate, metal plate, asphalt single material, etc.) is overlaid on the roof underlaying material to complete the roof.

If the plastic film is exposed on the surface as it is, it is very slippery and very dangerous. In order to obtain a non-slip coating layer, it is effective to mix a fine powder in a general-purpose synthetic resin paint to impart non-slip properties. Mineral powder or plastic beads can be used as the fine particles. As the synthetic resin paint, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, acrylic resin, copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate and the like can be used. Silica, silica sand, mica, clay, alumina and the like are used as the fine powder of mineral matter. Any plastic beads such as polystyrene can be used as the plastic beads.

Among these mineral fine powders, silica is particularly preferred in consideration of dispersibility in non-slip hardening / synthetic resin paints and cost. If the particle size is too small, it is difficult to obtain non-slip performance, and if the particle size is too coarse, coating of a plastic film is hindered.
Particles having a particle size of about μ are preferred. In the case of plastic beads, those having a sphere diameter of 5 to 30 μm are preferable. The composition as a suitable synthetic resin paint is, based on 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin,
Solvent 50 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 70 to 75 parts by weight, fine particles
3 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight, dark colorant, for example, 3 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight of carbon black.

Also, the non-slip coating layer must be hardly affected by rainwater or sunlight even if exposed to the outdoors for a while, and must be firmly adhered to the plastic film surface and not easily peeled off. Therefore, the synthetic resin paint is more than the type that forms a film by solvent drying,
The reaction-curing type using a main agent and a curing agent is more preferable because it can firmly adhere to the plastic film surface and provide a film having excellent durability.

Considering these, among the above-mentioned synthetic resin paints, one of polyurethane, polyester, and polyamide-based paints can be used.
A liquid or two-component reaction-curing type is economically easy to use.

Next, regarding the adhesiveness between the non-slip coating layer made of these synthetic resin paints and fine particles and the self-adhesive layer, the self-adhesive layer generally adheres to the adherend with its adhesiveness. Since it is a material, its adhesiveness is not so much affected by the material of the adherend, and it adheres well to the exemplified synthetic resin paint and is integrated.

In particular, in this case, since the fine particles are added, the surface of the non-slip coating layer is considerably rough when viewed from a microscopic viewpoint, and the contact area with the self-adhesive layer surface is further reduced. The anchor effect is easily developed, and good "wetting" is exhibited on the self-adhesive layer surface. Regarding the thickness of the non-slip coating layer, its performance can be sufficiently obtained by applying about 3 to 10 g per square rice.

Next, as described above, the first-layer waterproof sheet is often exposed with its surface exposed for about one month if it is longer than several days. In that case, the plastic film is very easily peeled off at the bonding interface with the asphalt composition layer on the back surface within a few days after the exposure. Of course, before the exposure, the bonding interface is firmly adhered.

This is because sunlight passes through the non-slip coating layer and the plastic film, deteriorating the interface of the asphalt layer, and therefore, the adhesive strength between the plastic film surface and the asphalt layer surface is greatly reduced. to cause. In order to avoid this phenomenon, the inventors actively added an ultraviolet absorber to a plastic film or a non-slip coating layer, but no remarkable improvement effect was found.

However, it has been found that this problem can be solved by blocking the sun rays, and in the present invention, a dark colorant is used for the purpose of blocking the sun rays. Therefore, when a dark colorant, particularly a black colorant such as carbon black, is added to the non-slip coating layer and / or the plastic film, a great effect is exhibited. The addition amount of the dark colorant such as carbon black is preferably about 5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the non-slip coating layer or the plastic film.

The laminated structure and composition of the waterproof sheet of the main body are not particularly limited as long as the second-layer waterproof sheet has a self-adhesive layer and a release layer on its back surface.

Examples of the laminated structure of the second-layer waterproof sheet are as follows: (a) an asphalt layer having fine mineral substance powder on its surface;
Waterproof sheet composed of synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric layer, asphalt layer, rubber-modified asphalt layer (self-adhesive layer), release paper layer as base material,

(B) an asphalt layer having sand particles on its surface, a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric layer as a base material, an asphalt layer,
Examples include a rubber-modified asphalt layer (self-adhesive layer) and a waterproof sheet made of a release paper layer.

However, after the waterproofing work is completed, a method of casting concrete on the waterproof layer is widely used in order to use the rooftop for various purposes. In that case, a plastic film for curing is usually laid on the waterproof layer so that the waterproof layer is not damaged during casting of concrete. In the present invention, a waterproof sheet having the same structure as the first layer is formed on the second layer. When used as a layer, a curing film is not required, which is preferable in terms of cost and work efficiency. The plastic film used for the second-layer waterproof sheet is preferably thicker than that used for the first-layer waterproof sheet, and is more preferably excellent in alkali water resistance. Particularly, a polypropylene or polyethylene film having a thickness of about 30 to 100 μm is preferable.

As the asphalt layer, asphalt or various modified asphalts can be used.

As the substrate layer, any substrate such as a cloth, a nonwoven fabric, and a film can be used, and examples thereof include a woven or nonwoven fabric made of natural fibers and synthetic fibers, and a plastic film. The release layer is usually made of release paper, but any material having no affinity with the self-adhesive layer can be used.

FIG. 1 shows the layer structure of the first waterproof sheet. In the figure, 1 is a non-slip coating layer, 2 is a plastic film layer, 3 is an asphalt layer, 4 is a base material layer, 5 is an asphalt layer, and 6 is a release layer.

[0036]

[Example] Non-slip coating layer: Coating amount 3 g per square rice Composition 100 parts by weight of polyurethane (isocyanate reaction curing type) 20 parts by weight of silica fine powder 5 parts by weight of carbon black

Plastic film: stretched polypropylene 12μ Asphalt composition layer component: SBS * 1 15 parts by weight Asphalt 65 parts by weight Tackifier * 2 10 parts by weight Process oil 10 parts by weight * 1: SBS is styrene / butadiene block copolymer It is. * 2; tackifier is C ₅ and / or unsaturated fractions of the polymer or copolymer of C _9.

FIG. 2 shows the layer structure of the second-layer waterproof sheet used in this embodiment. 7 is a mineral powder, and layers 3, 4, 5, and 6 are the same as the first-layer waterproof sheet. As a plastic film layer of Extruder 2, stretched polypropylene (80 μ) was used.

The measurement results for the non-slip coating layer in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. Coefficient of friction 2. Adhesion to self-adhesive layer 3. UV transmittance

1. Coefficient of friction (when wet) This example Polypropylene film surface Static friction coefficient 1.2 0.4 Generally, it is considered that if the friction coefficient is 0.8 or more, it is quite difficult to slip. In the case of the present embodiment, the numerical value greatly exceeds the value, and it can be said that it is extremely non-slip.

2. Adhesion to self-adhesive layer Test method: T-peel test speed 100 mm / min Test temperature 0 ° C. Non-slip coating layer / self-adhesive layer: 2.0 kg / inch cohesive failure plastic of self-adhesive layer Film surface / self-adhesive layer: interface peeling between self-adhesive layer and film surface at 0.8 kg / inch Self-adhesive layer / self-adhesive layer: cohesive failure of self-adhesive layer at 2.1 kg / inch Adhesion with the surface of the functional coating layer is good.

3. Ultraviolet Transmittance (%) This Example Transparent Plastic Film 350 nm 0 90 400 nm 0 89 In the case of this example, it can be seen that almost 100% of sunlight rays are blocked.

[0043]

[Effect] The present invention uses a waterproof sheet having the above-mentioned specific structure as the first layer in the self-wearing waterproofing method, thereby making it possible to easily and easily perform the construction and significantly improve work efficiency. And 2. The joint of the waterproof sheet can be easily and reliably integrated. 3. In addition, the amount of release paper generated as waste material has been reduced by about 30% compared to the past, making it easier to treat. As described above, the problems with the conventional self-assembly method can be widely solved, and the cost can be reduced at a low cost. Further, since the roofing material of the present invention does not slip at all even on a steep slope, it is very safe in operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first-layer waterproof sheet used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a second-layer waterproof sheet.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a waterproof layer formed by the self-adhesion method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional first-layer waterproof sheet.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional second-layer waterproof sheet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Non-slip coating layer 2 Plastic film layer 3 Asphalt layer 4 Base layer 5 Self-adhesive layer 6 Release paper 7 Mineral powder 8 First layer waterproof layer 9 Second layer waterproof layer

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04D 5/10 E04D 12/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An asphalt layer, a plastic film layer and a non-slip thin layer on an upper surface of a substrate, an asphalt layer and a self-adhesive layer (hereinafter abbreviated as a self-adhesive layer) on a lower surface of the substrate.
A waterproof sheet or under-roofing material, wherein release layers are laminated. 2. The waterproofing sheet or roofing material according to claim 1, wherein the non-slip thin layer and / or the plastic film layer contains a dark colorant or a dark colorant and fine particles. 3. (a) The waterproof sheet (first-layer waterproof sheet) according to claim 1 or 2 is adhered to a self-adhesive layer on a base while removing a release layer thereof, and successively overlapped and joined. After integrally forming the first waterproof layer, (b) removing the release layer from the second waterproof sheet having a self-adhesive layer and a release layer on the back surface, removing the self-adhesive layer to the first layer Paste on the waterproof layer of the eyes,
A self-adhesive waterproofing method characterized in that a second waterproof layer is formed by continuous integration while successively overlapping. 4. The self-adhesive waterproofing method according to claim 3, wherein the waterproof sheet for the second layer uses the waterproof sheet according to claim 1 or 2.