JP2945909B1 - Residential ventilation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A ventilation device for introducing outside air into a room is compactly housed inside an outer wall, and both an air circulation passage communicating with an outside air intake and a ventilation device directly communicating with a room function more efficiently. Provide a ventilating structure for the house that can be used. A concrete outer wall provided with an openable / closable outside air inlet, and a ventilation heat insulating layer provided inside thereof and having an outer surface formed with an air circulation passage communicating with the outside air inlet. , A wall formed by the interior wall 5 provided on the inside thereof, a frame 7 provided over the floor position above and below the floor position, and guide grooves 75 provided on both vertical frame members 71 of the frame 7. A ventilation device 6 comprising a shielding plate 8 slidably held up and down along the outside is provided facing the outside air inlet 2 and penetrating through the ventilation heat insulating layer 3 and the interior wall 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a ventilation structure for a house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, housing has become more airtight due to the progress of construction methods and the spread of aluminum sashes, and the adverse effects include dew condensation due to insufficient ventilation, breeding of mold and mites,
Then, problems such as an increase in allergic diseases caused by them have arisen. Recently, it has also been pointed out that indoor harmful substances such as formaldehyde generated from building materials and the like cause so-called "sick house syndrome" and have carcinogenicity. In addition, it has been pointed out that the high airtightness of houses has increased the reliance on mechanical air conditioning, which has led to an increase in energy consumption and an increasing number of dysfunctions in the autonomic nervous function that controls sweating and temperature regulation of the human body. is there.

[0003] Therefore, in a house, the ventilation performance in the building is enhanced to prevent the above-mentioned contamination in the building, and it is possible to minimize the reliance on mechanical air conditioning even in severe weather conditions such as summer and winter. As described above, improving the livability is an important issue.

[0004] From such a viewpoint, the inventors of the present invention have repeatedly studied a ventilation structure of a house, which has effectively used the natural air circulation effect, and have disclosed, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-17719.
No. 0 publication proposes a housing ventilation structure and puts it into practical use.

The ventilation structure of the house includes an outer wall made of concrete, an openable / closable outside air inlet provided on the outer wall, and an air circulation passage formed along the inner surface of the outer wall communicating with the outside air inlet. It is composed of a ventilation heat insulating layer provided inside the air circulation passage, and a ventilation device capable of adjusting the air flow that penetrates the ventilation heat insulating layer and introduces outside air into the room.

[0006] According to this, by the action of the air circulation passage on the inner surface of the outer wall exposed to the outside air when the outside air intake is opened and the ventilation and heat insulating layer provided inside the passage, the rise and fall of the room temperature is more than the change of the outside air temperature. In addition to being kept low, dew condensation on the inner surface of the outer wall and propagation of insects are prevented. In addition, by communicating part of the air circulation passage indoors, constant natural ventilation is performed even when the windows and doors are closed, but if you want to concentrate ventilation, open the ventilation device A large amount of outside air can be introduced.

The ventilator is provided with a main ventilation passage for taking in outside air into the room, a plurality of adjusting plates disposed in the main ventilation passage with a gap therebetween, and each of which can adjust the opening degree. A sub-ventilation passage is provided in parallel with the main ventilation passage and communicates the gap with the indoor space.

According to this, by adjusting the opening degree of the adjusting plate appropriately, the outside air can be introduced indoors while being mixed with the indoor air, thereby preventing a sudden change in temperature and humidity inside the room due to the introduction of the outside air. For example, indoor comfort can be maintained even in winter or stormy weather.

[0009]

However, the structure of the above-mentioned ventilator is somewhat complicated because it has a main ventilation passage, a sub-ventilation passage, and a plurality of adjustment plates.
It is difficult to reduce the depth of the ventilator itself. Therefore, if the ventilation structure of the house described above is constituted by the ventilation device, the wall thickness is increased, and the construction cost is increased. Conversely, if an attempt is made to provide a ventilation device with a reduced wall thickness, the ventilation device may protrude indoors, impairing the usability of the room.

In order to increase the maximum ventilation capacity of the ventilator, it is necessary to increase the cross-sectional area of the main ventilation passage and the area of the adjustment plate. In this case, the size of the door pocket for accommodating the adjustment plate cannot be increased at the same time. As a result, the ventilation efficiency of the air circulation passage communicating with the outside air intake may be reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a ventilation device that penetrates a heat insulating layer and introduces outside air into a room is housed compactly inside an outer wall, and furthermore, air that communicates with an outside air intake is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation structure for a house in which both a circulation passage and a ventilation device directly communicating with a room can function more efficiently.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation structure for a house, comprising: a concrete outer wall provided with an openable / closable outside air intake; and an inner surface provided inside the outer wall. A ventilation and heat insulating layer having an air circulation passage communicating with the outside air intake, an interior wall provided inside the ventilation and heat insulation layer, and a ventilation and insulation layer and interior provided near the floor facing the outside air intake A ventilator that penetrates the wall and introduces outside air in a switchable manner indoors and under the floor, wherein the ventilator is provided with a frame provided over and under the floor position,
And a shielding plate with a handle slidably held up and down along guide grooves provided in both vertical frame members of the frame body.

That is, in the ventilation structure of this house, the air circulation passage formed on the outer surface of the ventilation and heat insulating layer is communicated with the outside air through an openable and closable outside air inlet, so that dew condensation and propagation of insects inside the outside wall are achieved. In addition, the heat transfer between indoors and outdoors is suppressed by the heat insulating action of the ventilation heat insulating layer, and the room temperature is stabilized even in summer and winter.

[0014] It is preferable that the ventilation and heat insulating layer is formed by using, for example, a panel-like building material (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-291569) filed by the present applicant. It is very easy to form an air circulation passage between the outer wall and the inner wall without disposing a spacer such as a frame member. Further, it has excellent heat insulation properties, and can be used by appropriately changing its thickness or forming multiple layers according to the weather conditions in the building area. In addition, it has excellent self-extinguishing properties in case of fire.

In addition, it is preferable to dispose, for example, a louver for an outer wall (Japanese Patent No. 20332787) according to the application of the present applicant in the outside air intake. In addition, when closed, outside air and wind and rain can be reliably shut off.

Further, the ventilation structure of the house allows the outside air to be intensively introduced into the room and under the floor through a ventilator, so that the indoor temperature and humidity can be adjusted according to the weather conditions. This ventilation device is provided near the floor position facing the outside air intake. The frame of the ventilator is provided so as to straddle and lower the floor position, and the shielding plate moves up and down in the frame. Therefore, when the shielding plate is raised, a ventilation hole is formed below it and the floor below communicates with the outside air, and when the shielding plate is lowered, a ventilation hole is formed above the floor and the indoor communicates with the outside air. Will be done. As described above, the ventilation can be performed by appropriately switching between indoor and under the floor with one shield plate.

[0017] Since the shield plate is composed of one sheet, the structure of the ventilator is simplified, and the depth dimension is reduced. Therefore, even when the wall thickness is thin, the ventilation device can be installed in a comfortable manner. Further, since the door pocket portion of the shielding plate is not required, there is no concern that the ventilation efficiency of the air circulation passage is impaired even if the ventilation device is enlarged. Thus, the air circulation efficiency of the entire house is improved. In addition, the shielding plate is slidably held up and down along the guide grooves provided on both vertical frame members of the frame, so the vertical position of the shielding plate can be adjusted in a stepless manner, making it easy to adjust the ventilation volume It is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the ventilation structure for a house, the shielding plate of the ventilation device can be folded by dividing a lower portion thereof and hinge-joining the upper portion.
When the shielding plate is lowered, the lower part of the folding plate is folded under the floor by contacting a folding guide provided inside the outer wall.

The present invention is applied, for example, when the lower end of the shielding plate of the ventilation device is brought into contact with a concrete skeleton such as a floor slab when the ventilation plate is lowered, so that the opening height of the ventilation hole cannot be sufficiently obtained. By dividing the lower part of the shielding plate and hinge-joining the upper part with the upper part, the lower part can be folded under the floor, so that the opening height of the vent can be further secured. Therefore, the present invention can be implemented also on a second floor portion having a small underfloor height.

Further, the ventilation structure for a house according to claim 3 is characterized in that a heat insulating material is attached to an outer surface of a shielding plate of the ventilation device.

Thus, a certain heat insulating effect can be obtained even between the inside and the outside of the shielding plate of the ventilation device provided through the ventilation heat insulating layer and the interior wall, and the indoor comfort is improved.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, in the present specification, in describing the structure and members of each part, the outdoor side is referred to as "outside" and the indoor side or underfloor side is referred to as "inside" with reference to the direction perpendicular to the wall. It shall be.

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a part of a wall of a two-story house in which the present invention is implemented, and FIG. 2 shows an elevation of the wall as viewed from the indoor side. 3 and 4 show a vertical section of a wall on the first floor of the house.

A vertically long opening 20 for taking in outside air is formed inside the outer wall 1 of the concrete outer wall 1 erected continuously above the foundation ground beam. The openings 20 are provided at a plurality of locations on the first floor and the second floor of the outer wall 1, and the lower ends of the openings 20 provided on the first floor are provided so as to extend to the underfloor A1 on the first floor. An louver 21 for an outer wall is attached to each opening 20, thereby forming the outside air intake 2.

The outer wall louver 21 is an outer wall louver (Japanese Patent No. 2032787) applied to the present applicant as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 and has a vertically long shape.
The louver frame 22 includes four louver frames 22 that define four sides of upper, lower, left and right, and a number of horizontally long louver units 23 that are guided by the left and right vertical frames of the louver frame 22 and move up and down.

One set of louver units 23 is composed of one armor piece 24, two shelf members 25, and one packing material 26.

The armor piece 24 is a molded product of an aluminum alloy having a length that fits between the left and right vertical frames and having a uniform cross-sectional shape. The inclined portion 24a has a low outside and the outer edge of the inclined portion 24a hangs down. The outer vertical portion 24b, the inner vertical portion 24c in which the inner edge of the inclined portion 24a is raised, and the top portion 24d having the upper edge of the inner vertical portion 24c bent outward are integrally formed. A bag-shaped shelf support portion 24e is formed inside the package 24b, and a packing material support portion 24f is formed integrally with the lower surface of the inner edge of the inclined portion 24a.

At both left and right ends of the armor piece 24, a shelf member 25 made of a resilient plastic molded product is inserted into and adhered to the shelf support portion 24e, and extends along the left and right vertical frames of the louver frame 22. It is slidable up and down. The shelf member 25 has, on its inner edge, a tip portion 25a for lifting the top portion 24d of the armor piece 24, and the tip portion 25a is located on the top portion 24d of the armor piece 24 of another louver unit 23 located below.
Is engaged with the lower surface.

The packing material 26 is made of synthetic rubber, is inserted and supported by the packing material supporting portion 24f of the armature piece 24, and has a lower end extending downward like a fin.

The louver unit 23 is provided on the top 2 of the armor piece 24.
4d is accommodated in the louver frame 22 in a state of being suspended in order from the top by engagement of the leading end portion 25a of the shelf member 25,
The uppermost louver unit 23 can be moved up and down by attaching an operation wire (not shown) or the like. When the wire is pulled up, the upper louver unit 23 is sequentially raised, and as shown in FIG. When the wire is returned, the louver unit 23 descends, and the gap between the armor pieces 24 is closed in order from the bottom, so that the ventilation is blocked as shown in FIG. Since the packing material 26 is sandwiched between the vertically adjacent armor pieces 24 and pressed by the gravity of the upper louver unit 23, the louver units 23 are hermetically and water-tightly sealed. This lifting operation can be performed for each of the outer wall louvers 21.

Inside the outer wall 1, a heat insulating panel 30 constituting the ventilation heat insulating layer 3 is provided.

The heat insulating panel 30 is a heat insulating plate made of expandable plastic such as styrene foam (polystyrene foam), and has a vertical and horizontal lattice shape as shown in FIG. Groove 31
However, it is engraved so as to communicate from one side to the other side of the heat insulating panel 30. Then, the surface on the side where the groove 31 is engraved is brought into contact with the outer wall 1 and is attached to the outer wall 1 using an adhesive or a concrete nail or the like. Due to the groove 31, an air circulation passage 4 through which outside air can circulate is formed inside the outer wall 1. The heat insulation panel 30 is also provided at a position that closes the outside air intake 2, and outside air taken in from the outside wall louver 21 circulates inside the outside wall 1 along the air circulation passage 4,
It is discharged indoors B, above the ceiling, or outdoors.

Inside the heat insulating panel 30, an interior wall 5 made of a plaster board, a plywood or the like is provided. For example, near the ceiling of the interior wall 5, the air circulation passage 4 is provided.
Is provided with an indoor exhaust port 41 that communicates with the vehicle.

In the vicinity of the floor C in the lower part of the room, a ventilation device 6 facing the outside air intake 2 and penetrating the heat insulating panel 30 and the interior wall 5 is provided.

The ventilating device 6 has a rectangular frame 7, and the frame 7 extends over the floor C so that the center of the frame 7 in the height direction is near the floor C. Attached to the opening 20. The frame 7 includes a pair of left and right vertical frame members 71 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the opening 20 so that the inner wooden edge (bump) surface is aligned with the inner surface of the interior wall 5. A pair of vertical frame attachments 72 attached to the vertical frame 71 and a pair of vertical frame attachments 72 with the outer wooden end surface having a width of about half of 71 and the outer wooden end surface of the vertical frame material 71 are aligned. An upper frame member 73 is provided at the upper part with the inner and outer tree end surfaces aligned, and a lower frame member 74 is provided at the lower part of both vertical frame members 71 with the inner and outer wooden end surfaces aligned. The frame attachment member 72 and the vertical frame member 71 are fixed by being overlaid and nailed to the outer wall 1.

A guide groove 75 extending in the vertical direction is formed at a position closer to the inside of the vertical frame member 71 so as to correspond to the left and right phases. The shielding plate 8 with the heat insulating material 81 affixed to the outside is fitted into the guide groove 75, and is held so that it can slide up and down and move up and down freely. The thickness of the heat insulating material 81 is set so that the heat insulating material 81 moves up and down along the tree end surface inside the vertical frame attachment 72.

A handle 82 projecting inward is attached to the upper part of the shielding plate 8. A vertical lattice 9 formed by arranging several thin vertical members in a frame shape is attached to the upper part of the frame 7 along the inner surface of the interior wall 5. The inner surface is covered. And
By pinching the handle 82 protruding from the center gap of the vertical lattice 9 and moving it up and down, the shield plate 8 can be moved up and down from the indoor B.

According to the ventilation structure for a house of the present invention configured as described above, the heat insulation panel 3 constituting the ventilation heat insulation layer 3
The air circulation passage 4 formed outside the outside air inlet 2
The outer wall 1 communicates with the outside air through the louver 21, so that dew condensation and the propagation of insects inside the outer wall 1 are prevented, and the heat insulating effect of the heat insulating panel 30 suppresses the heat transfer between the indoor and the outdoor. Will be stable.

The ventilation device 6 has a single shielding plate 8 held up and down in a frame 7 having a thickness sufficient to fit within the wall thickness, and the door plate portion of the shielding plate 8 is also required. Because it is not, the structure is simple and fits in the wall compactly. Shield plate 8
Lifting operation is easy. Moreover, since it does not protrude greatly into the indoor B, the aesthetic appearance and the livability of the indoor B are not impaired.

The outside air inlet 2 is not limited to the above-described louver 21 for the outer wall, but may be another known louver or gull that can open and close communication with the outside air.

The ventilation and heat insulating layer 3 is not limited to the above-described heat insulating panel 30, but may be formed of another shape of heat insulating panel having a ventilation portion on its surface.

Next, the ventilation action of the ventilation device 6 will be described. FIG. 3 shows a state where the shielding plate 8 is at the uppermost part in the frame 7. This is a state when the weather condition of the outside air is worse than that of the indoor B, for example, during heating in a severe cold season, and the shielding plate 8 is fully closed to the indoor B to prevent the outside air from entering the indoor B. I have. However, since the ventilation port D that connects the outside air and the underfloor A1 is formed below the shielding plate 8, the outside air can be introduced into the underfloor A1. At this time, for example, when it is desired to prevent the cooling air flowing into the underfloor A1 from deteriorating the heating efficiency of the indoor B, it is possible to lay a heat insulating material below the floor C in advance.
Further, the louver 21 for the outer wall can be completely closed during severe stormy weather.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the shielding plate 8 is at the lowermost part in the frame 7. This is, for example, when the weather is sunny in summer, or when a large number of people gather in the indoor B, or during humid conditions such as during cooking, and the louver 21 for the outer wall is fully opened,
By fully opening the shielding plate 8 with respect to the indoor B, the outside air can be intensively introduced into the indoor B.

When it is desired to introduce outside air into the indoor B and the underfloor A1 at the same time, it is also possible to place the shielding plate 8 at an intermediate position, and to form partially open vents above and below it.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the ventilation structure of the house is provided on the second floor of the same house.

In the second floor portion of this house, the height of the underfloor A2 is formed smaller than that of the first floor portion.
Therefore, when the same ventilation device 6 as described above is provided in the same manner, the lower portion of the ventilation device 6 interferes with the floor slab E on the second floor, and the ventilation device 6 is placed at an appropriate position straddling the floor C up and down. It is difficult to install.

Therefore, in this ventilator 6, the vertical height of the frame 7 is smaller than that of the ventilator 6 provided on the first floor. Further, a lower portion 83 of the shielding plate 8 is divided, hinged to an upper portion 84 by a hinge-shaped metal piece 85, and can be folded under the floor A2. The lower portion 83 does not fit in the guide groove 75 of the vertical frame member 71 and is supported by being suspended from the upper portion 84. The lower frame member 74 of the frame 7 is provided such that the inner and outer ends of the tree are aligned with the vertical frame attachment member 72 so as not to interfere with the shielding plate 8 that moves up and down.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the shielding plate 8 is lowered, the foldable lower portion 83 comes into contact with the fold guide portion 11 provided inside the outer wall 1, and the floor A2 extends along the fold guide portion 11. Folded to the side. The shielding plate 8 has a lower portion 8
It descends further by the amount that 3 was inserted. In this way, the vertical height of the shield plate 8 is ensured, and the ventilation port D capable of sufficiently ventilating the indoor B is formed above the shield plate 8. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the present invention can be implemented even on a second floor portion having a small underfloor height.

It should be noted that the folding guide 11 is provided with the shielding plate 8.
The material and the mounting method are not particularly limited as long as the lower end of the slab can be smoothly contacted. For example, a mortar or the like may be provided on a floor slab.

[0050]

According to the ventilation structure of a house according to the present invention, the structure of the ventilation device is simplified and the depth dimension is reduced, so that even if the wall thickness is thin, it can be carried out well.

Further, since the frame of the ventilating device is provided over the floor above and below the floor position, and the shielding plate is held in the frame so as to be able to move up and down, it is possible to switch between indoors and under the floor as needed for ventilation. And the air circulation efficiency of the entire house can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a wall showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the wall as viewed from the indoor side.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall in a state where a shielding plate is raised in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall in a state where a shielding plate is lowered in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall in a state where a shielding plate is raised in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall in a state where a shielding plate is lowered in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an outdoor front view of an outer wall louver provided at an outside air intake;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a louver unit of the outer wall louver is opened.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a closed state of the louver unit of the outer wall louver.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a panel-like building material used for a ventilation heat insulating layer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer wall 11 Folding guide part 2 Outside air intake 3 Ventilation heat insulation layer 4 Air circulation passage 5 Interior wall 6 Ventilation device 7 Frame 71 Vertical frame material 75 Guide groove 8 Shielding plate 81 Insulation material 82 Handle 83 Lower part 84 Upper part 9 Vertical lattice A1 , A2 Under floor B Indoor C floor

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A ventilating and heat-insulating layer having a concrete outer wall provided with an openable / closable outside air inlet, an air circulation passage formed inside the outer wall and having an outer surface communicating with the outside air inlet on an outer surface; An interior wall provided inside the ventilation and heat insulation layer, and a ventilation device provided near the floor facing the outside air intake and penetrating through the ventilation and heat insulation layer and the interior wall to introduce the outside air in a switchable manner inside and under the floor. The ventilator is held slidably up and down along a frame provided over and below the floor position and guide grooves provided on both vertical frame members of the frame. A ventilation structure for a house, comprising: a shielding plate with a handle. 2. The shielding plate of the ventilating device is configured such that its lower portion is divided and hinged to the upper portion so that it can be folded. When the shielding plate is lowered, the lower portion capable of being folded is provided inside the outer wall. The ventilation structure for a house according to claim 1, wherein the housing is folded under the floor in contact with the folding guide portion. 3. A heat insulating material is stuck on an outer surface of a shielding plate of a ventilating device.
The ventilation structure of a house according to the above.