JP2913213B2 - Press equipment for compacting chips to form billets - Google Patents

Abstract

A method is disclosed of forming a billet (30, 200, 300) comprising charges of swarf compacted cyclically into a number of briquettes (32, 202, 304) joined together. The billet may also comprise a tube (34, 204, 302) which forms a jacket around the briquettes. The briquettes are joined at interfaces which have complementary interengaging formations (206, 208, 306, 308). The formations may have frusto-conical shapes which are co-axial with the briquettes. Each interface may have a substantially flat annular peripheral portion (210, 310) normal to the longitudinal axis.

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the recycling of scrap metal, and more particularly to scrap compacted in a cylindrical jacket (hereinafter also referred to as “jacket cylinder” or simply “tube” or “jacket”). It relates to recycling billets made of metal chips by rolling or otherwise hot working.

Here, the term `` chip '' refers to bleeds, chips or shavings resulting from machining in general, means lathes, drilling, shaping and milling resulting from engineering steel, and It also refers to some types of punching and fine bleeding resulting from punching. "Engineering steel" refers to low-steel alloys that are generally machined, including mild steel containing a considerable amount of carbon (a term meaning carbon steel itself), forged steel, axle or shaft steel, etc. means.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION GB 1313545 discloses a method of pressing steel chips into compacted masses (for convenience referred to as "briquettes"). A plurality of briquettes are vertically butted and pressed in a closed jacket cylinder, usually made of steel or stainless steel, to cover the jacket. Next, the billet thus formed is heated and processed into a finished product or a semi-finished product by a process such as rolling. "Jacket coating" means that metal chips are compacted in a jacket and processed into a form covered by the jacket (envelope).

The briquettes can be formed in a cavity die before jacketing. Alternatively, the briquette can be formed directly in the bore of the tube. In that case, the tube is inserted into the support die during the tamping step so that the hole in the tube functions as a cavity. In either case, the compacting operation is performed by a press device having a ram for compacting a predetermined amount of chips previously inserted into the cavity into briquettes. The ram is then retracted and the next chip charge is inserted into the cavity. The ram is then pressed back into the cavity and a new briquette is pressed against the previously formed briquette to form. This cycle is repeated until the entire cavity is filled with briquettes.

During heating, the oxides on the surface of the chips are reduced in the jacket cylinder, and during the compacting process, the metal particles that make up the briquettes form an integral mass that is sintered to each other and to the jacket. Will be coalesced.

The reduction of oxides on the chip surface is a consequence of the oxides combining with the carbon introduced into the jacket or with the carbon diffusing from the steel or other metal making up the chips. The jacket cylinder serves to maintain the reducing conditions in the billet. Attempts to produce satisfactory hot-worked products from billets of unjacketed chips have so far been made, even with sufficient care to prevent atmospheric oxygen from binding to the hot billet. Has not succeeded.

The chips have a tendency to expand radially as they are compacted by the ram to form briquettes. As a result, considerable radial forces are exerted on the walls of the cavity. If briquettes are formed directly in the jacket cylinder, such radial forces will tend to radially expand the cylinder. This radial expansion of the tube is so great that measures must be taken to prevent the tube from crimping and clogging against the walls of the die cavity that supports it, and from slipping smoothly in the axial direction. Must. Conventionally, the method has been to taper the die cavity so that the diameter of the die cavity gradually decreases toward the end where the ram is located. This taper facilitates withdrawal of the barrel from the cavity.

In the processing of chips, it is advantageous to use relatively long tubes. For example, if a tube much shorter than 1 m is used, the economic suitability of this process becomes questionable, and if a tube 2 m in length could be used, it would be a great economic advantage.

Cavity taper angle should be about 3 ° to achieve this effect
Should be. Therefore, if the 1 m long die cavity for accommodating the jacket cylinder has a 3 ° taper, the large diameter end of the cavity will have a diameter about 10 mm larger than the small diameter end. The difference in diameter increases to 20 mm if the length of the die cavity is 2 m. The tube inserted into the tie cavity is initially parallel (i.e., the tube has a constant diameter over its entire length). Must be smaller than the diameter of the small end of the cavity. As a result, until one end of the cylinder comes in contact with the cavity wall, about 10 mm for a 1 m long cylinder,
In the case of a 2m tube, it expands in the radial direction by about 20mm.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for facilitating release of a billet from a die to avoid the need to use a die having a tapered cavity.

According to the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided a press apparatus for compacting a chip to form a billet, wherein the chip is inserted into a die cavity for forming a billet or a jacket mounted in the die cavity. At least one tamping ram can be advanced to tamper the chips inserted into it at least two die pieces that can be mounted in a processing position that defines a die cavity along an axial direction A die, at least one sleeve capable of surrounding and mounting the die in a holding position surrounding the die pieces and holding the die pieces joined in the processing position; and For axially moving the sleeve from its holding position so that the pieces can be displaced transversely to each other in a direction transverse to the axial direction; And at least one die piece separating means for separating the die pieces from each other in a direction transverse to the axial direction, the at least one die piece separating means comprising: Movably between a die gripping position positioned near one end of the die piece and gripping at least one end of the die piece, and a retracted position axially spaced from the one end of the die piece. A press device is provided.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the die and the sleeve are mounted on a support, the support is mounted on a billet tamping position for aligning the ram with a die cavity, and the ram is mounted on the die cavity. Pivoting means is provided for pivoting between a billet discharging position positioned at an angle to the billet discharging position, and billet discharging means for discharging the billet from the die at the billet discharging position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the die cavity has two openings open at both ends of the die, through which two opposing rams enter the die cavity. In that case, the dies each have an outer peripheral surface with two tapered portions that taper axially inward from or near the center of the ends of the die toward a corresponding end of the die. A pair of sleeves, each having a tapered inner peripheral surface in a complementary relationship to the corresponding tapered portion, are fitted one by one to each tapered portion of the die, the axial length of each sleeve being The length is substantially equal to the length of the surrounding tapered portion. The release means is configured to allow the pair of sleeves to be separated from each other in an axial direction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the support comprises a housing slidably supporting the pair of sleeves, and the releasing means is attached to the housing and separates the sleeves from each other. At least one jack adapted to be moved.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the billet discharging means is constituted by another ram capable of entering a cavity for discharging a billet.

According to the present invention, the die piece separating means includes a first jack, the same number of gripping members attached to the first jack as the number of the die pieces, and the gripping means for separating the die pieces from each other. Actuation means for actuating the member, the gripping member being configured to grip the end of the die piece when the first jack is advanced toward the end of the die.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the actuating means comprises a second jack.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first jack comprises:
It has a cylindrical passage through which the second jack is slidably mounted, and the second jack also has a cylindrical passage.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, an interlocking means is provided at an end of the gripping member and the die piece so that the die piece is gripped by the gripping member.

According to the present invention, preferably there are provided two said die piece separating means, each positioned at a corresponding end of the die when said die is brought to the billet discharge position, wherein one die piece separating means is provided. The means has an inner bore through which the further ram can be pushed into the die cavity, and the other die piece separating means can pass the billet as it is discharged from the die cavity. The structure has an inner hole.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a portion of the apparatus of the present invention for loading chips into a die assembly and compressing the chips to form billets.

 FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 as viewed from a position where the die assembly is rotated by 90 °.

 FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of the die assembly.

FIG. 5 is an end view of the die assembly as viewed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4. *** Both ends of the housing 74. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrow BB in FIG. Yes, excluding some of the components of the die assembly.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the die gripping and expanding mechanism as viewed in the direction of arrow CC in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a charging box constituting a part of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken in the direction of arrow DD in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS. 1-3, an apparatus 10 of the present invention for inserting chips into a jacket cylinder to form a tamped billet.
It is shown. The device comprises a die assembly 12,
It is symmetric about a vertical plane passing through a central axis 14 passing through the center of the die assembly. Therefore, the components on both sides of the axis 14 are the same, so only the components on one side of the axis are shown and described here.

The components of the die assembly in the illustrated embodiment include a charging box 16 for charging chips into a die cavity described below.
And a ram assembly 18 for compacting the chips. The ram assembly 18 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 22 and a ram 20 mounted on the cylinder. The cylinder 22 is supported by a frame 24 fixed on a base 26, and a fluid reservoir (not shown)
Is supplied with hydraulic fluid by a pump (not shown). The frame 24 is connected by a tie rod (stay rod) 30. The ram 20 is supported by a steady member 31 that can slide on the base 32. The steady member 31 functions to prevent the ram from bending when receiving a load.

The charging box 16 is also mounted so as to slide along the base 32. With particular reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, the charging box 16 includes a front wall 34 and a rear wall 36 having holes 38, respectively. The holes 38 are aligned (centered) with the ram 20 and have interchangeable carbide steel collars 40, 42, respectively. Collars 40 and 42 are front wall 34 and rear wall 3, respectively.
It is held in place by a ring 44 bolted to 6. The collars 40, 42 have holes 46 for tightly slidingly fitting the ram 20. The supply chamber 50 of the charging box 16 includes a front wall 34 and a rear wall 36, and both side walls 52 extending therebetween.
Defined by the bottom wall 54. The bottom wall 54 can be coated with a carbide wear liner 56 and is about the same height as the lower edge of the hole 46. The supply chamber 50 is open at the top, and chips are introduced into the supply chamber 50 from a storage hopper (not shown) through the open top. Chips fall from the supply chamber 50 into the ram movement path when the ram 20 is retracted from the supply chamber 50. When the ram is advanced again, the chips of the swarf (tubular body) are pushed forward by the ram and pressed into the die through the holes 46 in the collar 42, as described below.

A portion of the chip does not enter the die and remains in the supply chamber.
Tends to go back up into 50. To prevent this, a pair of jaws 58, each having an anti-cylindrical front surface 60, may be provided. The jaws 58, 58 are each mounted between a lower guide wall 62 and an upper guide wall 64, each jaw being retractable to a retracted position by a small hydraulic ram 66. In its retracted position, the jaw 58 has its front surface 60 forming the lower portion of the side wall 52 of the supply chamber 50. Thereby, the chips can fill the bottom of the supply chamber as shown in FIG. The pair of jaws can then be advanced until they coalesce. Joe says
In this jointed position, the chip plug is sandwiched and held, and in this state, the ram 20 can push the chip plug into the die.

The charging box 16 includes adjustable pads 68 that slide along the base 32 for purposes described below, and are moved along the base 32 by rams (not shown).

Referring to FIGS. 4-6, the die assembly 12 comprises:
It comprises a die 70 and a pair of clamping sleeves 72, which are supported in a housing 74. The housing 74 itself is attached to the base 76.

The die 70 has a cylindrical die cavity (also simply referred to as “cavity”) 78 having openings at both ends. Die
Each 70 is divided into four substantially identical die pieces 80 that define a 90 ° arc segment of the cavity 78 (FIG. 5). Thus, the die pieces 80 meet each other at a longitudinal interface 82 located in an imaginary plane that intersects along a line that coincides with the longitudinal axis 86 of the die. In the illustrated embodiment, the planes are at 45 ° to the horizontal.
At an angle. The cavity 78 has a uniform circular cross-sectional shape over its entire length, and
It is designed to house a jacket tube for implementing the scrap steel recycling method disclosed in No. 5. The chips are inserted into a jacket tube and compacted to produce a billet, as described below.

The die 70 passes through the center between the two ends of the cavity 78 and passes through the axis 86
Has a frustoconical outer peripheral surface 88 defined by a tapered portion 90 of the die piece 80 that tapers inwardly from an imaginary plane perpendicular to both ends 92 of the die piece 80. This taper angle is about 4 °.

The tapered portion 90 of the die is covered with two thick-walled sleeves 72 made of high strength steel. The inner bore of the sleeve 72 tapers to complement the tapered portion 90 of the die. The length of each sleeve is approximately equal to one half of the length of the die, setting the required slight clearance between the inner ends of the two sleeves, and both ends 94 of the die (FIG. 4).
Slightly out of the sleeve.

As mentioned earlier, the jacket tube has a tendency to expand radially outward when chips are compacted as briquettes therein. As a result, a billet jacketed with a plurality of briquettes butt vertically tends to become jammed in the cavity 78 and a considerable force is transmitted to the die. The sleeve 72 serves to receive the bending stress exerted on the die piece 80 during the formation of the billet and to clamp it into engagement with the die piece. Moreover, in accordance with the present invention, the billet is provided by providing a release means for axially separating the pair of sleeves 72 so that the die pieces 80 can be displaced radially apart from each other. Be easily released from the die.

This is accomplished by mounting sleeve 72 within housing 74. In the embodiment shown, the housings 74 are arranged parallel to each other at the four corners of the square defined by the thick steel side walls 98, the top wall 100, the bottom wall 102, and the walls. It comprises four thick channel members 96 connected together. The walls and channel 96 are welded together and, if necessary, the four corners can be reinforced with gussets. A rail 104 is provided in each channel member 96. The rails 104 are fixed in the channel members 96 using mounting bolts and screw jacks (not shown) and are set parallel to each other. These rails 104 are set so that the sleeve 72 fits tightly inside the rails. A flat portion for sliding contact with the rail 104 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 72.

Mounting plates 106 are fixed to both ends of the housing 74.
A die releasing double-acting jack 108 is mounted on each mounting plate 106. The ram 110 of the jack 108 is welded to each sleeve 72, two by two, and connected to a trunnion plate 112 reinforced by gussets 114. The jack 108 is first actuated to axially separate the sleeves 72,72 from each other, and then the sleeves 72,72 to tighten the die piece 80.
Can be activated to draw each other.

The housing 74 is attached to pivot means, which in the embodiment shown comprises a bearing stand 116 bolted to the bottom wall 102 of the housing. The bearing stand 116 is mounted on the base 76 so as to be able to pivot around the vertical axis 14. Base
A ram (not shown) coupled between 76 and an arm 117 fixed to bearing stand 116 moves housing 74 between the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the position shown in FIG. Works by turning 90 degrees. In the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the die 70 is oriented so that its cavity 78 is axially aligned with the chip compaction ram 20, and in the position shown in FIG. It is oriented so as to be axially aligned with the gripping means. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the die gripping means comprises two similar die gripping assemblies 118, 120 mounted on a frame 121 secured to the base 76.
In the figure, only one die gripping assembly 118 is shown in detail.

Referring to FIG. 7, the die gripping assembly 118
Includes an outer tubular jack 122. The jack 122 can be referred to as a die gripping jack and is tightly slidingly fitted into two collars 124, 126 bolted to the frame 121. The collars 124 and 126 are perforated in the frame 121,
It is mounted on both ends of a liner covered passage 128. Die gripping jack 122 has an annular shoulder 130 that slides within passageway 128. Inner peripheral surface and shoulders of collars 124 and 126
A fluid tight seal 132 is mounted on 130, thereby defining sealed annular chambers 134, 136 between the shoulder 130 and the collars 124, 126, respectively. The collars 124, 126 are provided with passages 138, 140 for supplying hydraulic fluid to the annular chambers 134, 136, respectively. Thus, when fluid is supplied into the chamber 134, the jack 1
22 is pushed inward toward the die assembly 12, and when fluid is supplied into the chamber 136, the jack 122 is pushed away from the die assembly 12.

An inner end of the jack 122 is bolted to an annular flange 138, and four jaws 140 are pivotally mounted on the flange 138 at equal intervals around the pins 142. Each pin 142 is carried between a pair of ear pieces 144 provided on a flange 138. Each jaw 140 has a distal nose and an inner surface 148 that tapers inwardly from the nose.
As the jaws are slid about the pins 142, the nose of the jaws is displaced toward or away from the longitudinal axis 150 of the jack 122.

The die gripping assembly 118 further includes a jaw actuated jack, which in the illustrated embodiment comprises an inner tubular jack 152.
Inner tubular jack 152 is also referred to as a billet release jack because it operates jaws 140 to release the billet from die cavity 78. This billet release jack
152 has a mating outer protruding annular shoulder 154 to be tight within the inner bore 156 of the die gripping jack 122. This shoulder 1
54 and an inwardly projecting shoulder 160 formed in an inner hole 156 of the die gripping jack 122, a first annular chamber 158 is defined, the shoulder 154 and an insert 164 inserted into the inner hole 156.
A second annular chamber 162 is defined. The annular chambers 158, 162 are sealed by a liquid tight seal 166.
A passage 167 for supplying hydraulic fluid to the annular chamber 158 is formed in the wall of the annular flange 138 and the die holding jack 122. A similar passage 168 for supplying hydraulic fluid to the annular chamber 162 is provided. Thus, when fluid is supplied into chamber 158, billet release jack 152 is pushed inwardly into die assembly 12 within bore 156 of die gripping jack 122, and fluid is supplied into chamber 162. Then, the jack 152 is the die assembly 12
Pushed away from the

The billet release jack 152 has a tapered portion 169 on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion on the side close to the die assembly 12 so as to complement the inner surface 148 of the jaw 140. The inner surface 148 of the jaw 140 is for the billet release jack 15
It is in pressure contact with the second tapered portion 169. Thus, when the billet release jack 152 moves away from the die assembly 12, the nose of the jaw 140 will be brought into contact with the jaw and the flange 138.
Are pressed away from the axis 150 against the action of a spring (not shown) inserted between them. Conversely, as billet release jack 152 moves in a direction approaching die assembly 12, the nose of jaw 140 moves inwardly toward axis 150 by the action of a spring inserted between the jaw and flange 138. Being seized.

On both end surfaces of the die 70, annular recesses 170 are formed which complement the shapes of the rounded nose portions of the four jaws 140. Thus, the outer tubular jacks 122 of the two die gripping assemblies 118, 120 are held until the nose of the jaw 140 enters the recess 170 and the die 70 is firmly gripped between the two die gripping jacks 152, 152. You can move forward. At this point, billet release jack 152 can be moved away from die assembly 12 as long as sleeve 72 is relaxed. Thereby, the four die pieces 80 carried by the nose of the jaw 140 are pushed radially outward away from the axis 86, releasing the billet in the cavity 78.

Thus, each die gripping assembly 118, 120 is provided with a die piece 80.
The die piece is gripped at one end by the axis 86 of the die cavity 78.
And a die piece separating means which functions to separate the pieces from each other in the transverse direction.

Billet release jack 152 for each die gripping assembly 118,120
The inner bore 151 is coated with a carbide steel liner 172 having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the die cavity 78. The reason is that, in the case of the die gripping assembly 120, when the die 70 is gripped by the die gripping assemblies 118, 120, the empty jacket tube for the billet is released into the billet release jack 152.
The empty jacket tube is aligned with the axis 150 by a tube feed mechanism (not shown) and is passed through the jack 152 by a tube feed ram 174 to allow passage through the inner cavity of the die cavity 78 into the die cavity 78. Pushed forward. The structure and operation of the tube feed ram 174 is conventional and need not be described at length here.

After the billet is released from the die 70 after the chips are inserted into the jacket cylinder in the die 70 and compacted by the ram 20, the cylinder feed ram 174 is advanced through the die gripping assembly 120. The billet is pushed out of the die 70 and discharged through the inner hole of the billet release jack 152 of the die gripping assembly 118.

Thus, the ram 174 inserts the jacket tube into the die 70 after the die 70 and the sleeve 72 have been pivoted to a position where their axis 86 is at right angles to the axis of the tamping ram 20, and A billet discharging means for discharging a billet from 70 is constituted.

In the following, the sequence of operation of the entire apparatus 10 will be described as starting from the time when the die assembly 12 is in the position shown in FIG. At this point, the die cavity 78 is axially aligned with the die gripping assemblies 118,120. Die piece 80
Are separated from each other and the die cavity 78 is empty.

An empty jacket tube (hereinafter simply referred to as “tube”) is pushed by the ram 174 through the die holding assembly 120 and inserted into the die cavity 78. The billet release jack 152 is then retracted and the jaws 140 are actuated to pull the pair of sleeves 72 axially toward one another, thereby clamping the die pieces 80 in a connected condition.

Next, the die holding jack 122 is retracted to release the die. Next, the pedestal 116 carrying the housing 74 and the die assembly 12 is pivoted to the position of FIGS. 1 and 2, thereby axially aligning the die cavity 78 with the tamping ram 20. Next, the charging box 16 is advanced along the base 32, and the tapered end of the die projecting from the sleeve 72 is fitted into the inner circumferential groove of the ring 44 of the charging box.

In this state, the compacting ram 20 is repeatedly advanced and retracted, and the charge of chips is simultaneously introduced from the charging box 16 into both ends of the die cavity 78, and the chips are sequentially turned into briquettes as jackets in the die cavity. Press into the cylinder. If the jacket tube is filled with a plurality of vertically pressed and compacted briquettes, in other words, if a billet consisting of a plurality of briquettes jacketed by the jacket is formed, the ram 20 and the charging Box 16 is retracted.

The die assembly 12 is pivoted back to the position of FIG. The die holding jack 122 is advanced to hold both ends of the die. The billet release jack 152 is retracted, and the die piece 80
Are radially separated and the billet is released. Ram 174
To discharge the billet into the die cavity 78,
It is pushed through the die holding assembly 118 and dropped onto a roller conveyor (not shown) to be carried out. The above cycle is repeated.

All of the above operations are preferably automated and computer controlled.

The manner in which the billet formed by the apparatus 10 of the present invention is further processed may be understood by reference to GB 1313545 mentioned above. That is, the billet
Thereafter, it is subjected to a process such as heated rolling to produce a final product or a semi-finished product.

Various modifications can be made to the above-described apparatus of the present invention. For example, chips can be tamped with a single tamping ram and charging box operated from only one end of the cavity. In that case, the ram at the other end of the cavity
It functions only as an abutment for closing the cavity. However, the configuration of the above-described embodiment in which two rams and a charging box are provided at both ends of the cavity has an advantage that the length of the billet to be formed can be greatly increased. The compaction ram must exert a great force on the chips in order to compact the chips as dense as possible briquettes. For example, the briquette diameter is about 100mm
In order to obtain briquettes having a density of about 85% solid steel, about 600 tons of compaction force must be applied to the mild steel chips. However, if such a large tamping force is applied, there is a serious danger that the long ram will bend. For this reason, forming a 2 m long billet with a single long ram is considered impractical in practice.

The jacket cylinder for inserting and compacting the chips may be omitted, or the chips may be directly compacted in the die cavity.

The taper angle of the outer peripheral surface of the die piece 80 is selected so as to match the coefficient of friction between the surface of the sleeve 72 and the surface of the die piece 80. In the case of a device with a light load, it is not always necessary to taper the outer peripheral surface of the die piece 80. However, in the case of a device with a heavy load, if the taper angle of the outer peripheral surface of the die piece 80 is too small, the sleeve is filled after the jacket cylinder is filled with chips.
72 does not slide smoothly along the outer peripheral surface of the die piece 80, and is easily clogged. Conversely, if the taper angle of the outer peripheral surface of the die piece 80 is too large, the sleeve 72 tends to slip out of the die due to the force exerted on the die, so that the die piece 80 cannot be sufficiently tightened.

Although two sleeves 72 are shown in the illustrated embodiment, this is not required. For example, the die piece may be tapered from one end to the other end so that the die piece is surrounded by a single sleeve.

Outer peripheral surface of sleeve 72 (and therefore inside housing 74)
Can have any suitable shape.

Also, in the illustrated embodiment, the die is shown as comprising four die pieces 80, but the number of die pieces can vary as many as two or three.

Normally hydraulically operated rams and jacks are the most practical operating means, although mechanical or other operating means may be preferred. In the embodiment described above, the axial travel of each sleeve 72 moved by jack 108 may be less than about 25 mm. The pair of sleeves can be farther apart.
In that case, for example, each sleeve 72 can be attached to a frame that slides along the base, respectively, so that the sleeves are separated by more than the length of the die. Such a configuration is desirable in a configuration in which the jacket cylinder is loaded into the die cavity and the die assembly cannot be driven to discharge the billet from the die cavity. In that case, the die pieces can be mounted on a ram or other mounting means, and actuation of the ram causes the die pieces to separate radially outward enough to allow the billet to fall from between them. Can be

The die pieces need not necessarily extend the entire length of the die cavity. For example, it may be desirable to divide the die not only in the radial direction but also in the longitudinal direction.

The die cavity 78 need not be cylindrical, may have a square cross-sectional shape, or may be tapered from one end to the other to further facilitate billet release.

The die gripping jack 122 may be located inside the billet release jack 152. In that case, billet release jack
152 can be connected to jaw 140 by a link connected at a position radially outside pin 142. The jaw 140 is opened by moving the billet release jack 152 away from the end of the die.

It will be clear that it is advantageous to coat the wear surface of the device 10 with a carbide liner because the chips are abradable.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the structures and forms of the embodiments illustrated here, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that various embodiments are possible and that various changes and modifications can be made.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-57-146499 (JP, A) JP-A-51-111177 (JP, U) JP-B-42-8257 (JP, B1) US Patent 4,666,389 (US U.S. Pat. No. 1,609,460 (US, A) U.S. Pat. No. 1,838,518 (US, A) German Patent Application Publication No. 2122322 (DE, A1) German Patent Invention 720296 (DE, C2) (58) Field of Investigation (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B30B 9/32

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pressing device for compacting chips to form billets, the die comprising at least two die pieces (80) defining a cavity (78) for receiving chips. (70) a compacting ram (20) for advancing along the axis of the die cavity to form a billet and compacting chips in the die cavity (78); and at least two dies. At least one sleeve (72) mounted to move over the die pieces to hold the pieces together; and moving the sleeve axially to remove the die pieces. A release means (108) for releasing, which is axially spaced from one end of the die, and a die gripping means; and the die gripping means is advanced to engage the one end of the die; The die piece into the die cavity Die piece with the one die piece separator least provided with a separating means, the pressing device consisting for separated from each other transversely to the axis. 2. The die and the sleeve having a first position for aligning the tamped ram with the die cavity and a second position for positioning the tamped ram at an angle to the die cavity. And a billet discharge means for discharging a billet from the die when the die and the sleeve are brought to a second position. 3. The press device according to 1. 3. The press according to claim 2, wherein said billet discharge means includes another ram (174) capable of entering said die cavity to discharge a billet. apparatus. 4. When the die and the sleeve are brought to the second position, two die piece separating means are provided respectively positioned at one end and the other end of the die, and one die is provided. The piece separating means has an inner hole (151) through which the further ram is pushed into the die cavity, and the other die piece separating means removes the billet from which it is discharged from the die cavity. 4. The pressing device according to claim 3, wherein the pressing device has an inner hole (151) through which the pressing can be made. 5. The die cavity has two openings open at opposite ends (94) of the die that allow two opposing tamping rams (20) to enter into the die cavity. The dies each include two tapered portions (90) that taper axially inward from a location near the center between the ends of the die toward a corresponding end of the die.
The pair of sleeves (72) have inner peripheral surfaces that are tapered to complement each corresponding tapered portion (90), and each sleeve is attached to the corresponding tapered portion (90) of the die. The sleeves are mated, the axial length of each sleeve is approximately equal to the length of the tapered portion (90) that it encloses, and the release means (108) allows the pair of sleeves to be The press device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the press device is configured to be able to be separated from each other in the directions. 6. A housing (74) slidably supporting said pair of sleeves (72), said release means being mounted on said housing and moving in a direction to separate said pair of sleeves from each other. Claim 5 comprising at least one jack (108) adapted to cause
The press device according to item. 7. The at least one die piece separating means includes:
A die gripping jack (122) and gripping jaws (140) attached to the die gripping jack and having the same number as the die pieces;
And actuating means (152) for actuating the gripping jaws to separate the die pieces from each other, the gripping jaws being moved when the die gripping jack is advanced toward the end of the die. 2. The press device according to claim 1, wherein the press device is configured to grip an end of a die piece. 8. A press as claimed in claim 7, wherein said actuating means comprises a billet release jack (152). 9. The press device according to claim 8, wherein said die holding jack has a cylindrical inner hole (156) for slidably mounting said billet releasing jack. . 10. An end of said die piece having an annular recess (170) with which said die gripping jaws can engage for gripping said die piece. 10. The press device according to any one of items 7 to 9.