JP2906257B2 - Biological contact filtration device - Google Patents
Biological contact filtration deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2906257B2 JP2906257B2 JP1258927A JP25892789A JP2906257B2 JP 2906257 B2 JP2906257 B2 JP 2906257B2 JP 1258927 A JP1258927 A JP 1258927A JP 25892789 A JP25892789 A JP 25892789A JP 2906257 B2 JP2906257 B2 JP 2906257B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- raw water
- activated carbon
- biological contact
- filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/30—Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30223—Cylinder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
- B01J2219/30416—Ceramic
- B01J2219/30425—Carbon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分野〉 この発明は、河川水を原水とし、これを処理して上水
とするために凝集沈殿装置、濾過装置などと併用し、原
水中のカビ臭、アンモニア性窒素を除去する生物接触濾
過装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial application field> The present invention uses mold water in raw water by using river water as raw water, treating the river water and using it together with a coagulating sedimentation device and a filtration device. The present invention relates to a biological contact filtration device for removing odor and ammonia nitrogen.
〈従来の技術〉 下水、し尿等の有機性汚水を活性汚泥法により処理し
た二次処理水中からCOD成分及び色度成分を吸着すると
共に、吸着したこれらの成分を微生物で分解して除去す
るため、粒子径3〜15mmの粒状又は破砕状の骨炭や活性
炭をカラムに充填して濾層とした生物接触濾過装置は特
開昭57−10382号公報により公知である。<Conventional technology> In order to adsorb COD components and chromaticity components from secondary effluent water obtained by treating organic wastewater such as sewage and human waste by the activated sludge method, and to remove these adsorbed components by microorganisms A biological contact filtration apparatus in which a column is filled with granular or crushed bone char or activated carbon having a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm to form a filter layer is known from JP-A-57-10382.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉 上記従来装置が除去の対象とするのは下水、し尿等の
二次処理水からのCOD成分、色素成分であるため、濾材
である骨炭や活性炭は粒子径3〜15mmが好ましいと思わ
れる。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Since the above-mentioned conventional apparatus removes COD components and pigment components from secondary treatment water such as sewage and human waste, bone carbon and activated carbon as filter media have a particle diameter of 3%. 1515 mm seems to be preferred.
しかし、本発明のように原水が河川水であり、その水
中からカビ臭、アンモニア性窒素を生物接触濾過装置で
除去する場合は、濾過による濁質の捕捉率が大きいと差
圧(圧力損失)の高まりが早く、頻繁に洗浄を行なう必
要があること、又、カビ臭の除去は濾層が保持する微生
物の直接的な生分解作用によるため微生物が馴養するま
での半月〜2ケ月位の間は不充分な処理しか行なえない
こと、又、原水中のアンモニア性窒素濃度は急激に高ま
る等、負荷の変動が激しい等の問題がある。このため、
濾層には濁質捕捉率が余り大きくないこと、保持する微
生物が未馴養であってもカビ臭の処理が完全に行なえる
こと、原水中のアンモニア性窒素濃度が高くなってもこ
れを充分に処理できる量の微生物を常時、保持している
こと等が求められ、濾材は上記条件を満たすように材
質、寸法を選定しなければならない。However, when the raw water is river water as in the present invention and mold odor and ammonia nitrogen are removed from the water by the biological contact filtration device, if the trapping rate of the turbid matter by filtration is large, the differential pressure (pressure loss). It is necessary to wash frequently and the mold must be cleaned frequently. In addition, since the removal of mold odor is due to the direct biodegradation of the microorganisms held by the filter layer, it takes about half a month to two months until the microorganisms become accustomed. Has a problem that only insufficient treatment can be performed, and that the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen in raw water sharply increases, and that the load fluctuates greatly. For this reason,
The filter layer does not have a high turbidity trapping rate, must be able to completely treat mold odor even if the microorganisms are not acclimated, and should be sufficient even if the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the raw water is high. It is required that the microorganisms always hold an amount that can be treated in a suitable manner, and the material and dimensions of the filter medium must be selected so as to satisfy the above conditions.
〈課題を解決するための手段〉 そこで本発明は、濾過塔内に濾材を充填した濾層を設
け、該濾層に微生物を保持させて原水を通水する生物接
触濾過装置において、 濾層として直径が2.0〜4.0mmの円柱形の粒状活性炭を
充填したことを特徴とする。<Means for Solving the Problems> Accordingly, the present invention provides a biological contact filtration device in which a filtration layer filled with a filter material is provided in a filtration tower, microorganisms are retained in the filtration layer, and raw water is passed through. It is characterized by being filled with cylindrical granular activated carbon having a diameter of 2.0 to 4.0 mm.
〈実 施 例〉 図示の実施例において、1は濾過塔、2は塔内に濾材
を充填して構成した層高0.5〜4.0m程度の濾層を示す。<Embodiment> In the illustrated embodiment, reference numeral 1 denotes a filtration tower, and reference numeral 2 denotes a filtration layer having a height of about 0.5 to 4.0 m, which is formed by filling a filter medium in the tower.
この濾過塔の設置場所は、凝集処理装置の前段でも、
後段でもよいが、原水中の濁質や、細菌等の微生物が最
終処理水に混入するのを防止するために凝集処理装置の
前段に設置することが好ましい。The installation place of this filtration tower, even before the coagulation treatment device,
Although it may be in the latter stage, it is preferably installed in the former stage of the coagulation treatment apparatus in order to prevent turbidity in raw water and microorganisms such as bacteria from being mixed into the final treated water.
又、濾層2中の通水方向は、原水を濾過塔に上から供
給する下向流方式でも、図示の如く原水を濾過塔に下か
ら供給する上向流方式でもよいが、濁質の捕捉による差
圧の上昇が少ない上向流方式の方が好ましい。尚、通水
流量は、上向流方式の場合、処理水中に溶存酸素が検出
できる程度に空気又は酸素ガスを吹込んだ状態で、濾材
を流動させることがない流速となるように定める。The direction of water flow in the filter layer 2 may be a downward flow method in which raw water is supplied to the filtration tower from above, or an upward flow method in which raw water is supplied to the filtration tower from below as shown in the drawing. An upward flow method in which the increase in differential pressure due to trapping is small is more preferable. In the case of the upward flow method, the flow rate is determined so that the filter medium does not flow while air or oxygen gas is blown to the extent that dissolved oxygen can be detected in the treated water.
さて、濾層2を構成するための濾材は、原水中のカビ
臭を直接、生分解作用で除去するカビ臭分解菌と、原水
中のアンモニア性窒素を酸化して除去する硝化細菌を付
着して濾層中に保持するためのもので、材質としてはカ
ビ臭分解菌が馴養するまでは自身の吸着性で原水中のカ
ビ臭を吸着して除去する活性炭とする。By the way, the filter medium for forming the filter layer 2 adheres a mold odor decomposing bacterium which directly removes a mold odor in raw water by a biodegradation action, and a nitrifying bacterium which oxidizes and removes ammonia nitrogen in the raw water. Activated carbon that absorbs and removes mold odor in raw water with its own adsorptivity until mold odor-decomposing bacteria acclimatize.
そして、寸法が大きいと表面積が小さくなり、特に原
水中のアンモニア性窒素を酸化する硝化細菌の付着量が
少なくなり、逆に寸法が小さいと表面積が増加合する代
わりに、濁質の捕捉機能が高まって差圧の上昇が早くな
り、この結果、洗浄頻度が増し、洗浄水量の増加など設
備の過大と、水回収率の低下で運転コストが嵩む。これ
らの事柄に、洗浄時に破損が少ないという強度上の問題
も考慮し、活性炭製の濾材3は第2図に示すように直径
dが2.0〜4.0mmの円柱形の粒状とする。こゝで粒状と
は、強度が小さい棒状ではなく、直径に対して長さLが
0.5〜2.0程度のものであることを指す。If the size is large, the surface area becomes small, and in particular, the amount of nitrifying bacteria that oxidizes ammonia nitrogen in raw water decreases, and if the size is small, instead of increasing the surface area, the trapping function of turbidity is increased. As a result, the differential pressure rises faster, and as a result, the frequency of washing increases, and the amount of washing water increases. In consideration of these problems, the problem of strength such as less damage during washing is taken into consideration, and the filter material 3 made of activated carbon is formed into cylindrical particles having a diameter d of 2.0 to 4.0 mm as shown in FIG. Here, the term “granular” refers to not a rod having low strength but a length L corresponding to a diameter.
It is about 0.5 to 2.0.
この濾材3で構成した濾層2は濁質の捕捉率が低く、
又、カビ臭分解菌が馴養するまでの運転当初の約2ケ月
位のうちは濾材の活性炭自身の性質でカビ臭を吸着し、
更に、適度の大きさの表面積を濾材が有するため、原水
中のアンモニア性窒素の濃度が急激に高まっても、これ
を酸化して除去するのに必要な量の硝化細菌を付着して
濾層中に保持する。The filter layer 2 composed of the filter medium 3 has a low trapping rate of suspended matter,
Also, within about two months from the beginning of operation until the mold odor-decomposing bacteria acclimated, it absorbs mold odor by the property of activated carbon itself of the filter medium,
Furthermore, since the filter medium has a moderately large surface area, even if the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen in the raw water rapidly increases, the amount of nitrifying bacteria necessary to oxidize and remove the ammoniacal nitrogen adheres to the filter layer. Hold in.
直径30mm、高さ400mmのカラムに各種の濾材を200ml充
填して直径30mm、高さ283mmの濾層を構成し、原水とし
て河川水を空気で曝気したのちアンモニアと、カビ臭物
質(2−メチルイソボルネオール)を添加して濃度を調
整し、これを前記カラムに流量24/日(SV=5.01/
時)で上向流で通水し、1〜2日に1回の頻度で濾材が
流動する水量で前記河川水を上向流させて洗浄しながら
60日間、アンモニア分解のための馴養を行なった後、洗
浄操作を行なわずに前記原水を上向流で連続通水し、圧
力損失の上昇、アンモニア及び2−メチルイソボルネオ
ールの処理状態を調べたところ、下表の結果が得られ
た。尚、カラムに充填した濾材は次の通りである。A column with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 400 mm is filled with 200 ml of various filter media to form a filter layer with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 283 mm. River water is aerated as raw water and then ammonia and mold odor substances (2-methyl (Isoborneol) was added to adjust the concentration, and the concentration was added to the column at a flow rate of 24 / day (SV = 5.0 1 /
At the time), the river water is passed upwards, and the river water is washed upward by a flow amount of the filter medium once every 1 to 2 days.
After acclimatization for ammonia decomposition for 60 days, the raw water was continuously passed in an upward flow without performing a washing operation, and a rise in pressure loss and a treatment state of ammonia and 2-methylisoborneol were examined. However, the results in the following table were obtained. The filter materials packed in the column are as follows.
又、馴養過程ではカビ臭物質は馴養開始時から活性炭
濾材の処理水には検出されず、馴養開始後、10〜15日経
過するとアンモニアは充分に処理され、その後は安定し
た処理水が得られた。Also, in the acclimatization process, no mold odor substance was detected in the treated water of the activated carbon filter medium from the start of acclimation, and after 10 to 15 days from the start of acclimation, ammonia was sufficiently treated, and thereafter, stable treated water was obtained. Was.
前表によりカビ臭(メチルイソボルネオール)の除去
に付いては、活性炭の寸法、形状に関係なく除去が行な
え、無臭の処理水が得られる。又、アンモニウム性窒素
の除去に付いては、直径が小さい方が除去効果がある
が、形状によって差があり、円柱形では直径3mm以下、
破砕形では粒子径1mm以下がよい、砂は破砕形活性炭と
ほゞ同一性能である。 According to the above table, mold odor (methyl isoborneol) can be removed regardless of the size and shape of activated carbon, and odorless treated water can be obtained. As for the removal of ammonium nitrogen, the smaller the diameter, the better the removal effect.However, there is a difference depending on the shape.
In the crushed type, the particle size is preferably 1 mm or less. Sand has almost the same performance as the crushed activated carbon.
差圧上昇と、アンモニア性窒素の除去に次いて、平均
粒形との関係を第3図に示す。これから明らかなように
活性炭の破砕形では、アンモニア性窒素の除去と、差圧
上昇が同一傾向を示すのに対し、円柱形活性炭の場合は
直径2.0〜4.0mmの範囲のものがアンモニア性窒素の除去
効果が良く、又差圧の上昇も無く、両方を満足させる。FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the increase in the differential pressure and the average particle shape following the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen. As is clear from this, in the crushed form of activated carbon, removal of ammonia nitrogen and the differential pressure rise show the same tendency, whereas in the case of columnar activated carbon, those with a diameter of 2.0 to 4.0 mm have the same tendency as ammonia nitrogen. The removal effect is good, and there is no increase in the differential pressure.
〈発明の効果〉 本発明によれば活性炭濾材に付着したカビ臭分解菌が
未馴養であっても、流入原水中のカビ臭を活性炭が吸着
するため馴養期間中から処理が行なえる。又、流入原水
のアンモニア性窒素の濃度が高濃度に変化しても水道原
水としてもアンモニア性窒素の許容濃度0.5mg/の安定
した処理水が得られる。<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, even if the mold odor-decomposing bacteria attached to the activated carbon filter medium are not acclimated, the activated carbon absorbs the mold odor in the inflowing raw water, so that the treatment can be performed during the acclimation period. Even if the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the inflow raw water changes to a high concentration, stable treated water having an allowable concentration of ammonia nitrogen of 0.5 mg / can be obtained as tap water.
又、洗浄排水量が少ないためその処理設備が小形化で
きると共に、洗浄の際に濾材が破砕しないので、破片が
洗浄排水と一緒に流出する損失が少ない。Further, since the amount of washing wastewater is small, the treatment equipment can be downsized, and since the filter medium is not crushed at the time of washing, there is little loss of fragments flowing out together with the washing wastewater.
更に、流入原水中の界面活性剤も活性炭による吸着、
及び活性炭上における生物分解作用により除去可能であ
り、発泡によるトラブルも防止できる。In addition, surfactants in the influent raw water are also adsorbed by activated carbon,
And it can be removed by biodegradation on activated carbon, and troubles due to foaming can be prevented.
第1図は本発明の生物接触濾過装置の一実施例の断面
図、第2図はその濾材の斜視図、第3図は濾材の直径
と、差圧の上昇及びアンモニア性窒素の除去の関係を示
すグラフである。 図中、1は濾過塔、2は濾層、4は濾材を示す。1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the biological contact filtration device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the filter medium, and FIG. 3 is a relation between the diameter of the filter medium, the increase in differential pressure and the removal of ammonia nitrogen. FIG. In the figure, 1 indicates a filtration tower, 2 indicates a filter layer, and 4 indicates a filter medium.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 高土居 忠 東京都新宿区西新宿3丁目4番7号 栗 田工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 轟 賀須麿 福岡県宗像郡玄海町大字多礼350番地 宗像地区水道企業団内 (72)発明者 安部 嘉輝 福岡県宗像郡玄海町大字多礼350番地 宗像地区水道企業団内 (56)参考文献 特開 平2−191595(JP,A) 特開 平2−157096(JP,A) 特開 平1−94999(JP,A) 特開 昭61−249588(JP,A) 特開 昭60−156549(JP,A) 特開 平3−38289(JP,A) 特開 昭62−171797(JP,A) 特開 昭52−138063(JP,A) 特開 昭51−122944(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) C02F 1/28 C02F 3/02 - 3/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tadashi Takadoi 3-4-7 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiro Gasumaro Genji-cho, Munakata-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture No. 350, Munakata District Water Supply Corporation (72) Inventor Yoshiteru Abe 350, Mureta District Waterworks Corporation, Genkai-cho, Munakata-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture (56) References JP-A-2-157096 (JP, A) JP-A-1-94999 (JP, A) JP-A-61-249588 (JP, A) JP-A-60-156549 (JP, A) JP-A-3-38289 (JP JP, A) JP-A-62-171797 (JP, A) JP-A-52-138063 (JP, A) JP-A-51-122944 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , (DB name) C02F 1/28 C02F 3/02-3/10
Claims (1)
保持させて原水を通水する生物接触濾過装置において、 濾層として直径が2.0〜4.0mmの円柱形の粒状活性炭を充
填したことを特徴とする生物接触濾過装置。1. A biological contact filtration apparatus in which microorganisms are retained in a filter layer filled with a filter medium in a filtration tower and raw water is passed through the filter, wherein the filter layer is filled with cylindrical granular activated carbon having a diameter of 2.0 to 4.0 mm. A biological contact filtration device, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1258927A JP2906257B2 (en) | 1989-10-05 | 1989-10-05 | Biological contact filtration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1258927A JP2906257B2 (en) | 1989-10-05 | 1989-10-05 | Biological contact filtration device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03123687A JPH03123687A (en) | 1991-05-27 |
JP2906257B2 true JP2906257B2 (en) | 1999-06-14 |
Family
ID=17326976
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1258927A Expired - Fee Related JP2906257B2 (en) | 1989-10-05 | 1989-10-05 | Biological contact filtration device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2906257B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2581636B2 (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 1997-02-12 | 株式会社東洋製作所 | High-concentration organic matter treatment method |
JP3756586B2 (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 2006-03-15 | ユニチカ株式会社 | Adsorbent |
JP2011104496A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2011-06-02 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Biological contact filtration device and groundwater purification system |
-
1989
- 1989-10-05 JP JP1258927A patent/JP2906257B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH03123687A (en) | 1991-05-27 |
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