JP2901068B2 - Current limiting device - Google Patents
Current limiting deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2901068B2 JP2901068B2 JP63253315A JP25331588A JP2901068B2 JP 2901068 B2 JP2901068 B2 JP 2901068B2 JP 63253315 A JP63253315 A JP 63253315A JP 25331588 A JP25331588 A JP 25331588A JP 2901068 B2 JP2901068 B2 JP 2901068B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- superconducting
- coil
- bobbin
- superconducting coil
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/30—Devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［発明の目的］ （発明の属する技術分野） 本発明は、交流電路における過電流を電磁的に抑制す
る限流装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Technical field to which the invention pertains) The present invention relates to a current limiting device that electromagnetically suppresses overcurrent in an AC circuit.
（従来の技術） この種の従来の装置として、例えば、特開昭60−7493
2号公報に開示されたものがある。第12図はこの限流装
置の構成を示す回路図である。同図においで、鉄芯33に
は起磁力が略等しくなるようにコイル34とコイル35とが
巻装されると共に、磁束の向きが逆になるようにコイル
34およびコイル35の各一端が電源側の電路31に接続され
ており、コイル34の他端がスイッチ38を介して負荷側の
電路32に接続され、さらに、コイル35の他端が同じく負
荷側の電路32に接続されている。また、コイル34にはサ
ージアブソーバ36が並裂接続され、スイッチ38には電流
制限抵抗37が並列接続されている。(Prior Art) As a conventional apparatus of this kind, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-7493 is disclosed.
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the current limiting device. In the same figure, the coil 34 and the coil 35 are wound around the iron core 33 so that the magnetomotive force is substantially equal, and the coils are arranged so that the direction of the magnetic flux is reversed.
One end of each of the coil 34 and the coil 35 is connected to the electric circuit 31 on the power supply side, the other end of the coil 34 is connected to the electric circuit 32 on the load side via a switch 38, and the other end of the coil 35 is also connected to the load side. Is connected to the electric circuit 32 of FIG. Further, a surge absorber 36 is connected to the coil 34 in parallel, and a current limiting resistor 37 is connected to the switch 38 in parallel.
一方、電路32に変流器39が設けられ、過電流を検出し
たときスイッチ38をトリップさせるようになっている。On the other hand, a current transformer 39 is provided in the electric circuit 32, and when an overcurrent is detected, the switch 38 is tripped.
ここで、スイッチ38を閉成した状態で通常レベルの電
流（以下通常電流という）が電路31および32を通して流
れると、この電流がコイル34と35とに分流するが、これ
らのコイルに発生する磁束が相殺されるため、電流はイ
ンダクタンスL1,L2の影響を受けないことになる。従っ
て、漏れ磁束による僅かの損失を除き、高効率で負荷に
電力を供給することができる。Here, when a normal level current (hereinafter referred to as a normal current) flows through the electric circuits 31 and 32 with the switch 38 closed, the current is divided into the coils 34 and 35, and the magnetic flux generated in these coils Are canceled out, the current is not affected by the inductances L 1 and L 2 . Therefore, power can be supplied to the load with high efficiency except for a small loss due to leakage magnetic flux.
一方、負荷の短絡等により電路31,32に過大電流が流
れると、変流器39がこれを検出してスイッチ38を開放さ
せ、コイル34の回路に抵抗37を挿入する。これにより、
コイル34の電流が減少すると同時にコイル35の電流が増
大し、鉄心33の磁束はコイル35によるものが支配的とな
る。従って、コイル35のインダクタンスが作用して、す
なわち、リアクトル作用により事故電流を限流する。On the other hand, when an excessive current flows in the electric circuits 31 and 32 due to a short circuit of the load or the like, the current transformer 39 detects this and opens the switch 38, and inserts the resistor 37 into the circuit of the coil 34. This allows
The current of the coil 35 increases at the same time as the current of the coil 34 decreases, and the magnetic flux of the iron core 33 is dominated by the coil 35. Therefore, the fault current is limited by the action of the inductance of the coil 35, that is, by the reactor action.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 上述した限流装置には定常時、数百〜数千アンペアの
電流が流れるため、コイル34,コイル35の断面積を大き
くしなければならず、しかも、限流インピーダンスを大
きくするよう巻数も多くしなげればならないため、装置
が大型化すると同時に、熱による多量の電力損失も避け
られないという問題点があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Since a current of several hundred to several thousand amps flows in the above-described current limiting device in a steady state, the cross-sectional area of the coil 34 and the coil 35 must be increased. Since the number of windings must be increased so as to increase the flow impedance, there is a problem that the device becomes large and a large amount of power loss due to heat cannot be avoided.
また、上述した限流装置にあっては、スイッ38として
機械的なものが用いられることが多く、過電流を検出し
てからスイッチ38を開放して限流動作を行うまで、１〜
３サイクル分の時間を必要とし、この間、線路の保護が
困難になるという問題点もあった。In the current limiting device described above, a mechanical switch is often used as the switch 38.
Three cycles are required, and during this time, there is a problem that the protection of the track becomes difficult.
なお、この対策として、スイッチ38にサイリスタ等の
半導体スイッチを用いることもできるが、この場合には
サイリスタの順方向における電圧降下によって電力損失
を生じ、装置がさらに大型化すると共に、複雑化するた
めその採用は難しかった。As a countermeasure, a semiconductor switch such as a thyristor may be used as the switch 38.However, in this case, power loss occurs due to a voltage drop in the forward direction of the thyristor, and the device becomes larger and more complicated. Its adoption was difficult.
本発明は上記の問題点を解決するためになされたもの
で、装置の小形化および確実な線路保護を図り得ると共
に、熱に伴う電力損失を極めて低く抑えることのできる
限流装置を得ることを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a current limiting device capable of miniaturizing the device and reliably protecting the line, and suppressing power loss due to heat to an extremely low level. Aim.
［発明の構成］ （課題を解決するための手段及び作用） 上記目的を達成するために第１の発明は、電路の電流
を制限値以下に抑えるインダクタンスを有し、且つ前記
制限値以上の臨界電流値を持つ超電導コイルと、インダ
クタンスがほぼ零となるように形成され、前記制限値よ
り小さく電路の通常電流より大きい臨界電流値を持つ超
電導スイッチとを有し、前記超電導コイルは、第１のボ
ビンに巻装され、前記超電導スイッチは、前記第１のボ
ビンと同心円上に配置され、前記第１のボビンとは半径
が異なる第２のボビンに巻装され、前記第１のボビンと
第２のボビンの両端部には、前記超電導コイルのコイル
端と前記超電導スイッチのコイル端がそれぞれ接続され
た共通端子が設けられ、該共通端子の端子間を電路に挿
入したので、確実な線路保護を行うことができると同時
に、装置の小形化を図ることができる。[Constitution of the Invention] (Means and Actions for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, a first invention has an inductance for suppressing a current of an electric circuit to a limit value or less, and has a criticality not less than the limit value. A superconducting coil having a current value, and a superconducting switch formed so that the inductance becomes substantially zero and having a critical current value smaller than the limit value and larger than a normal current of the electric circuit, wherein the superconducting coil has a first Wound around a bobbin, the superconducting switch is arranged concentrically with the first bobbin, wound around a second bobbin having a radius different from that of the first bobbin, and Both ends of the bobbin are provided with a common terminal to which the coil end of the superconducting coil and the coil end of the superconducting switch are connected, respectively. At the same time it is possible to perform line protection, it can be made compact device.
また、第２の発明は、電路の電流を制限値以下に抑え
るインダクタンスを有し、且つ前記制限値以上の臨界電
流値を持つ第１の超電導コイルと、この第１の超電導コ
イルと並列に電路に挿入されたとき前記第１の超電導コ
イルにより発生する時束を打消すような時束を発生し、
且つ前記制限値以上の臨界電流値を持つ第２の超電導コ
イルとを有する超電導リアクトルと、該超電導リアクト
ルの第２の超電導コイルと直列に接続されると共に、イ
ンダクタンスがほぼ零にとなるように形成され、前記制
限値より小さく負荷が正常のとき電路に流れる電流のう
ちの前記超電導リアクトルの第２の超電導コイルへ分流
される電流値より大きい臨界電流値を持つ第３の超電導
コイルと第４の超電導コイルを備えた超電導スイッチと
を有し、前記超電導リアクトルは、第１の超電導コイル
が第１のボビンに巻装され、第２の超電導コイルが前記
第１のボビンと同心円上に配置され前記第１のボビンと
は半径が異なる第２のボビンに巻装され、前記第１のボ
ビンと第２のボビンの一端部には、前記第１の超電導コ
イルのコイル端と前記第２の超電導コイルのコイル端が
それぞれ接続された共通端子が設けられ、前記第１のボ
ビンの他端部には前記第１の超電導コイルの他方のコイ
ル端が接続された第１の端子が設けられ、前記第２のボ
ビンの他端部には前記第２の超電導コイルの他方のコイ
ル端が接続された第２の端子が設けられ、前記第１の端
子と第２の端子の端子間に絶縁スペースを介在させて成
り、前記超電導スイッチは、前記第３の超電導コイルが
第３のボビンに巻装され、前記第４の超電導コイルが前
記第３のボビンと同心円上に配置され前記第３のボビン
とは半径が異なる第４のボビンに巻装され、前記第３の
ボビンと第４のボビンの両端部には、前記第３の超電導
コイルのコイル端と前記第４の超電導コイルのコイル端
がそれぞれ接続された共通端子が設けられ、前記超電導
リアクトルの共通端子と第１の端子間が電路に挿入され
ると共に、前記超電導スイッチの共通端子の一方が前記
超電導リアクトルの第２の端子に接続され該共通端子の
他方が前記超電導リアクトルの第１の端子に接続される
ので、確実な線路保護を行うことができると同時に、超
電導リアクトル及び超電導スイッチ共に小形化が図れ装
置の小形化を達成することができる。Further, the second invention has a first superconducting coil having an inductance for suppressing the current of the electric circuit below a limit value and having a critical current value not less than the limit value, and an electric circuit in parallel with the first superconducting coil. A time flux that cancels the time flux generated by the first superconducting coil when inserted into
A superconducting reactor having a second superconducting coil having a critical current value equal to or greater than the limit value, and a superconducting reactor connected in series with the second superconducting coil of the superconducting reactor and formed so that the inductance becomes substantially zero. A third superconducting coil having a critical current value smaller than the limit value and having a critical current value larger than a current value shunted to the second superconducting coil of the superconducting reactor among currents flowing in the electric circuit when the load is normal; A superconducting switch having a superconducting coil, wherein the superconducting reactor is such that a first superconducting coil is wound around a first bobbin, and a second superconducting coil is disposed concentrically with the first bobbin. The first bobbin is wound around a second bobbin having a radius different from that of the first bobbin. One end of each of the first bobbin and the second bobbin is provided with a coil end of the first superconducting coil. A common terminal to which a coil end of the second superconducting coil is connected is provided, and a first terminal to which the other coil end of the first superconducting coil is connected to the other end of the first bobbin. And a second terminal to which the other coil end of the second superconducting coil is connected is provided at the other end of the second bobbin, and a terminal of the first terminal and the second terminal is provided. The third superconducting coil is wound around a third bobbin, and the fourth superconducting coil is disposed concentrically with the third bobbin. The third bobbin is wound around a fourth bobbin having a different radius from the third bobbin, and a coil end of the third superconducting coil and the fourth superconducting coil are provided at both ends of the third bobbin and the fourth bobbin. The common terminals to which the coil ends of A common terminal of the superconducting reactor and a first terminal are inserted into an electric circuit, and one of the common terminals of the superconducting switch is connected to a second terminal of the superconducting reactor, and the other of the common terminals is connected to the superconducting reactor. Since it is connected to the first terminal of the reactor, reliable line protection can be performed, and at the same time, the size of both the superconducting reactor and the superconducting switch can be reduced, and the device can be downsized.
（実施例） 第１図は本発明の第１の発明に対応する実施例の構成
を、適用対象と併せて示した回路図である。同図におい
て、交流電源１と負荷５とを結ぶ電路としての線路の一
方に、遮断器２、限流装置３が挿入されると共に、線路
インピーダンス４が挿入されたように示されている。こ
こで、限流装置３は線路の電流を制限値以下に抑えるイ
ンダクタンスを持つように巻装され、しかも、電流制限
値より大きな臨界電流値を持った超電導コイル3aと、イ
ンダクタンスが実質的に零になるように無誘導（AP）巻
きされ、電路の通常電流より大きく、電流制限値より小
さい臨界電流値を持った超電導スイッチ3bとを並列接続
した構成となっている。(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment corresponding to the first invention of the present invention, together with an application object. In FIG. 1, the circuit breaker 2 and the current limiting device 3 are inserted into one of the lines as an electric path connecting the AC power supply 1 and the load 5, and the line impedance 4 is inserted. Here, the current limiting device 3 is wound so as to have an inductance for suppressing the current of the line below the limit value, and furthermore, has a superconducting coil 3a having a critical current value larger than the current limit value, and a substantially zero inductance. And a superconducting switch 3b having a critical current value larger than the normal current of the electric circuit and smaller than the current limit value is connected in parallel.
第２図は超電導コイル3aおよび超電導スイッチ3bの具
体的な構成を示す図であり、超電導コイル3aはボビン3c
に、超電導スイッチ3bはボビン3dにそれぞれ巻装され、
しかも、超電導スイッチ3bは超電導コイル3aの内側に同
芯配置されおり、コイル端が端子3e,3fに共通接続され
ている。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the superconducting coil 3a and the superconducting switch 3b. The superconducting coil 3a is a bobbin 3c.
The superconducting switches 3b are wound around bobbins 3d, respectively.
Moreover, the superconducting switch 3b is arranged concentrically inside the superconducting coil 3a, and the coil ends are commonly connected to the terminals 3e and 3f.
上記のように構成された本実施例の動作を以下に説明
する。The operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
先ず、超電導コイル3aおよび超電導スイッチ3bがどち
らも超電導状態にあるとき、線路を流れる電流に対して
超電導コイル3aは比較的大きなインピーダンスを示す
が、超電導スイッチ3bは無誘導であることからインピー
ダンスは実質的に零になる。第３図はこのことを説明す
るための図で、超電導コイル3aおよび超電導スイッチ3b
に矢印方向の電流i0が流れたとすると、超電導コイル3a
によって磁束φ０が発生してインダクタンスに応じたイ
ンピーダンスを持つが、AP巻きされた超電導スイッチ3b
の磁束φ1,φ２は相殺されてインピーダンスは実質的に
零となる。First, when the superconducting coil 3a and the superconducting switch 3b are both in a superconducting state, the superconducting coil 3a exhibits a relatively large impedance with respect to the current flowing through the line, but the impedance is substantially reduced because the superconducting switch 3b is non-inductive. Becomes zero. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining this, in which the superconducting coil 3a and the superconducting switch 3b are shown.
When the current i 0 of the direction of the arrow flows through the superconducting coil 3a
A magnetic flux φ 0 is generated by the superconducting switch 3b having an impedance according to the inductance,
The magnetic fluxes φ 1 and φ 2 are canceled out and the impedance becomes substantially zero.
そして負荷５側に事故がなく、これに通常の大きさの
電流i0が流れたとき、超電導コイル3aに流れる電流をi
L1,超電導スイッチ3bに流れる電流をiL2とすると次式の
関係が成立する。When there is no accident on the load 5 side and a normal current i 0 flows through the load 5, the current flowing through the superconducting coil 3a is represented by i
Assuming that L1 and the current flowing through the superconducting switch 3b are iL2 , the following relationship is established.
i0＝iL1＋iL2 …（１） iL1≪iL2 …（２） したがって、線路の電流i0の殆どが超電導スイッチ3b
に流れ、しかも、これに伴う電圧効果は実質的に零であ
る。i 0 = i L1 + i L2 (1) i L1 ≪i L2 (2) Therefore, most of the current i 0 in the line is superconducting switch 3b
And the voltage effect associated therewith is substantially zero.
次に、負荷５の短絡事故等により、線路に過電流が流
れ、その値が超電導スイッチ3bの臨界電流値Jc1を越え
ると、超電導スイッチ3bが瞬時にクエンチし、極めて大
きな抵抗体となる。その結果、超電導スイッチ3bに流れ
ていた電流の殆どが超伝導コイル3aに転流し、両者の電
流は下式に示す関係となる。Next, an overcurrent flows through the line due to a short circuit accident of the load 5 and the like, and when the value exceeds the critical current value Jc1 of the superconducting switch 3b, the superconducting switch 3b instantaneously quenches and becomes an extremely large resistor. As a result, most of the current flowing through the superconducting switch 3b is commutated to the superconducting coil 3a, and the two currents have a relationship represented by the following equation.
iL1≫iL2 …（３） 従って、超電導コイル3aのインダクタンスにより線路
電流が制限値に制限される。i L1 ≫i L2 (3) Accordingly, the line current is limited to the limit value by the inductance of the superconducting coil 3a.
この場合、超電導スイッチ3bに流れる電流iL2は極め
て小さいので熱として消費される電力損失は極めて僅か
に抑えられる。In this case, since the current i L2 flowing in the superconducting switch 3b is extremely small, the power loss consumed as heat is extremely slightly suppressed.
第４図（ａ）、（ｂ）は電流i0および限流装置のイン
ピーダンスZscが通常動作時と限流動作時とで、どのよ
うに変化するかを示したものである。すなわち、定常動
作時においては、限流装置３のインピーダンスZscは極
めて小さく、線路の電流i0は主に負荷インピーダンスZ1
によって正常に保たれている。一方、負荷短絡が発生す
ると、線路には推定短絡電流ifが流れようとする。しか
しながら、線路電流が超電導スイッチ3bの臨界電流値J
c1を越えた瞬間、上述したように限流装置のインピーダ
ンスがZsc′に増大し、短絡電流は制限値以下に限流さ
れる。FIGS. 4A and 4B show how the current i 0 and the impedance Z sc of the current limiting device change between the normal operation and the current limiting operation. That is, in a steady state operation, the impedance Z sc current limiting device 3 is extremely small, the current i 0 of the line are mainly the load impedance Z 1
Is normally kept by On the other hand, when a load short circuit occurs, the estimated short circuit current if tends to flow in the line. However, the line current is equal to the critical current value J of the superconducting switch 3b.
The moment the current exceeds c1 , the impedance of the current limiting device increases to Z sc ′ as described above, and the short-circuit current is limited to a value less than the limit value.
この場合、超電導コイル3aの臨界電流値Jc2は線路の
電流制限値より大きく設定されている。また、限流装置
３は、遮断器２で線路を遮断することによって冷却さ
れ、容易に定常状態に復帰する。In this case, the critical current value Jc2 of superconducting coil 3a is set to be larger than the current limit value of the line. Further, the current limiting device 3 is cooled by breaking the line with the circuit breaker 2, and easily returns to a steady state.
なお、上記実施例では、二つの超電導コイルを同芯配
置したことにより、著しくコンパクト化されると共に、
超電導状態に保持し易くなっているが、これらの超電導
コイルを離隔配置したとしても上述した限流動作を行な
わせることができる。In the above embodiment, the two superconducting coils are arranged concentrically, so that the size is significantly reduced, and
Although it is easy to maintain the superconducting state, the above-described current limiting operation can be performed even if these superconducting coils are spaced apart.
しかして、この実施例によれば、超電導コイルを採用
したこと、これらの超電流コイルを同芯配置したことに
より、構成の簡易化、装置の小形化が実現されると同時
に応答生が速く、かも確実な線路保護が可能となる。According to this embodiment, the employment of the superconducting coils and the concentric arrangement of these supercurrent coils realize the simplification of the configuration and the miniaturization of the device, and at the same time the response is fast, It is also possible to surely protect the track.
第５図は本発明の第２の発明に対応する実施例の構成
を、適用対象と併せて示した回路図である。同図におい
て、交流電源１と負荷５とを結ぶ線路の一方に、遮断器
２と、超電導リアクトル６および超電導スイッチ７でな
る限流装置とが挿入されると共に、線路インピーダンス
４が挿入されたように示されている。ここで、超電導リ
アクトル６は線路の電流を制限値以下に抑えるインダク
タンスを持つものであり、電流制限値より大きな臨界電
流値を持った超電導コイル6aと、この超電導コイル6aと
同一の鉄心に巻装され、線路に並列に挿入されたとき起
磁力が同じで磁束が相殺される超電導コイル6bとでな
り、それぞれ電流iL1、iL2が流れ込んだとき、インピー
ダンスが実質的に零になる。一方、超電導スイッチ７
は、無誘導に巻装された超電導コイルで構成され、超電
導コイル6bに直列接続されている。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment corresponding to the second invention of the present invention, together with an application object. In FIG. 1, a circuit breaker 2, a current limiting device including a superconducting reactor 6 and a superconducting switch 7 are inserted into one of the lines connecting the AC power supply 1 and the load 5, and the line impedance 4 is inserted. Is shown in Here, the superconducting reactor 6 has an inductance that keeps the current of the line below the limit value. The superconducting coil 6a has a critical current value larger than the current limit value, and is wound around the same core as the superconducting coil 6a. The superconducting coil 6b has the same magnetomotive force and cancels the magnetic flux when inserted into the line in parallel. When the currents i L1 and i L2 flow in, respectively, the impedance becomes substantially zero. On the other hand, the superconducting switch 7
Is composed of a superconducting coil wound non-inductively, and is connected in series to the superconducting coil 6b.
第６図は、超電導リアクトル６の具体的な構成を示す
図であり、超電導コイル6aはボビン6cに、超電導コイル
6bはボビン6dにそれぞれ巻装され、しかも、超電導コイ
ル76bは超電導コイル6aの内側に同芯配置されており、
両コイルの各一端が端子6eに共通接続され、超電導コイ
ル6aの他端が端子6fに、超電導コイルの6bの他端が端子
6gにそれぞれ接続されている。なお、6hはこれらの超電
導コイルの端子6f、6g間の絶縁を保持するスペーサであ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the superconducting reactor 6, in which the superconducting coil 6a is attached to the bobbin 6c,
6b is wound around the bobbin 6d, respectively, and the superconducting coil 76b is arranged concentrically inside the superconducting coil 6a,
One end of each coil is commonly connected to a terminal 6e, the other end of the superconducting coil 6a is connected to a terminal 6f, and the other end of the superconducting coil 6b is connected to a terminal.
6g each connected. 6h is a spacer for maintaining insulation between the terminals 6f and 6g of these superconducting coils.
第７図はこの超電導リクトル６の内部結線と磁束の様
子を表す示す図であり、超電導コイル6a、6bが線路に並
列接続されたとき、超電導コイル6aに発生する磁束φ１
と超電導コイル6bに発生する磁束φ２が相殺される構成
になっている。FIG. 7 is a view showing the internal connection of superconducting reactor 6 and the state of magnetic flux. When superconducting coils 6a and 6b are connected in parallel to a line, magnetic flux φ 1 generated in superconducting coil 6a is shown.
Flux phi 2 generated in the superconducting coil 6b is turned configured to be offset against.
第８図は上記超電導スイッチ７の具体的な構成を示す
図であり、これは超電導コイル7a,7bでなり、このう
ち、超電導コイル7aはボヒン7cに、超電導コイル7bはボ
ビン7dにそれぞれ巻装され、しかも、超電導コイル7bは
超電導コイル7aの内側に同芯配置されており、各コイル
の一端が端子7eに共通接続され、他端が端子7fに共通接
続されている。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the superconducting switch 7, which is composed of superconducting coils 7a and 7b, of which the superconducting coil 7a is wound around a bobbin 7c and the superconducting coil 7b is wound around a bobbin 7d. The superconducting coil 7b is arranged concentrically inside the superconducting coil 7a, and one end of each coil is commonly connected to a terminal 7e, and the other end is commonly connected to a terminal 7f.
第９図はこの超電導スイッチ７の内部結線と磁束の様
子を表す図であり、端子7e、7f間に電流を流すと、この
電流が各コイルに分流されて超電導コイル7aに発生する
磁束φ１と超電導コイル7bに発生する磁束φ２とが相殺
される構成になっている。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the internal connection of the superconducting switch 7 and the state of the magnetic flux. When a current flows between the terminals 7e and 7f, the current is divided into the respective coils and the magnetic flux φ 1 generated in the superconducting coil 7a. and the magnetic flux phi 2 generated in the superconducting coil 7b and is in the configuration that is offset.
なお、超電導リアクトルを構成する超電導コイル6a,6
bの臨界電流値は線路の電流制限値より大きくなるよう
に製作されており、超電導スイッチ７は線路の過電流に
比例する値、例えば線路の過電流に対応して超電導コイ
ル6bの電流が増大するとクエンチするように製作されて
いる。The superconducting coils 6a and 6a constituting the superconducting reactor
The critical current value of b is made to be larger than the current limit value of the line, and the superconducting switch 7 increases the current proportional to the overcurrent of the line, for example, the current of the superconducting coil 6b corresponding to the overcurrent of the line. Then it is made to quench.
上記の如く構成された本実施例の動作を第10図を参照
して以下に説明する。The operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIG.
先ず、線路に流れる電流i0が正常であれば、超電導リ
アクトル６および超電導スイッチ７は双方とも超電導状
態に保持される。これにより、超電導スイッチ７を構成
する超電導コイル7a,7bの抵抗は零で、しかも無誘導の
素子となっている。従って、電流i0が超電導リアクトル
６を構成する超電導コイル6a,6bに分流し、これらのコ
イルに流れる電流iL1,iL2によって磁束が相殺され、相
互インダクタンス−Ｍを持つものの、自己インダクタン
スL1,L2は電流に影響を与えない状態になっている。First, if current i 0 flowing in the line is normal, superconducting reactor 6 and superconducting switch 7 are both maintained in a superconducting state. As a result, the resistance of the superconducting coils 7a and 7b constituting the superconducting switch 7 is zero and is a non-inductive element. Thus, the superconducting coil 6a of current i 0 constitute a superconducting reactor 6 to flow to the minute 6b, the magnetic flux is canceled out by the current i L1, i L2 flowing through these coils, although with mutual inductance -M, self-inductance L 1 , L 2 is in a state that does not affect the current.
第10図（ａ）はその等価回路であり、超電導スイッチ
７は微小の漏れインダクタンスL3しか持たない素子とし
て作用し、超電導リアクトル６もまた、相互インダクタ
ンス−Ｍしか持たない素子として作用する。Figure 10 (a) is an equivalent circuit, the superconducting switch 7 acts as a device having only the leakage inductance L 3 of the small superconducting reactor 6 also act as a device having only the mutual inductance -M.
次に、負荷短絡等の事故が発生したことにより、電源
電圧Ｅと線路のインピーダンスZ1とで定まる推定短絡電
流ifが流れようとすると、電流の増大に応じて超電導ス
イッチ７の電流も増大する。この超電導スイッチ７を構
成する超電導コイル7a,7bはその増大途中の電流値に対
応する臨界電流値Jc1をもっており、超電導コイル6bを
流れる電流iL2がこの電流値Jc1を越えると同時にクエン
チし、超電導コイル6bに流れていた電流iL2が超電導コ
イル6aに転流する。この結果、線路を流れる電流の殆ど
が超電導コイル6aに流れる。従って、超電導リアクトル
６は超電導コイル6aが発生する磁束φ１によって大きな
インダクタンスを持つことになる。第10図（ｂ）はこの
場合の等価回路であり、超電導スイッチ７は極めて大き
な抵抗値Ｒを有する素子に変化し、線路電流i0は超電導
コイル6aの自己インダクタンスL1によって限流される。Then, by accident a load short circuit occurs, when tends to flow estimated short-circuit current i f determined by the impedance Z 1 of the power supply voltage E and the line, also the current of the superconducting switch 7 in response to the increase in current increases I do. Superconducting coils 7a constituting the superconducting switch 7, 7b will have a critical current value J c1 corresponding to the current value in the middle thereof increases, the current i L2 flowing through the superconducting coil 6b is quenched simultaneously exceeds the current value Jc1, Current i L2 flowing through superconducting coil 6b is commutated to superconducting coil 6a. As a result, most of the current flowing through the line flows through superconducting coil 6a. Thus, the superconducting reactor 6 will have a large inductance by the magnetic flux phi 1 the superconducting coil 6a is generated. Figure 10 (b) is an equivalent circuit of this case, the superconducting switch 7 is changed to the element having an extremely large resistance value R, the line current i 0 is limited flows through the self-inductance L 1 of the superconducting coil 6a.
しかして、この実施例によれば、通常の線路電流に対
しては実質的なインピーダンスが零となり、過電流に対
しては瞬時にリアクトルとなって線路電流を限流させ
る。Thus, according to this embodiment, the substantial impedance becomes zero for a normal line current, and instantaneously becomes a reactor for an overcurrent to limit the line current.
第11図（ａ）、（ｂ）は電流i0および限流装置のイン
ピーダンスZscが通常動作時と限流動作時とで、どのよ
うに変化するかを示したものである。すなわち、定常動
作時においては、限流装置３のインピーダンスZscは極
めて小さく、線路の電流i0は主に負荷のインピーダンス
Z1によって正常に保たれている。一方、負荷短絡が発生
すると、線路には推定短絡電流ifが流れようとする。し
かしながら、線路電流がJqまで増大したとき、超電導ス
イッチ７の電流が臨界電流値Jc1を越え、その瞬間超電
導リアクトル６のインピーダンスがZsc′に増大し、短
絡電流は制限値以下に限流される。FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) show how the current i 0 and the impedance Z sc of the current limiting device change between the normal operation and the current limiting operation. That is, during a steady operation, the impedance Z sc of the current limiting device 3 is extremely small, and the line current i 0 is mainly the impedance of the load.
Maintained normally by Z 1 . On the other hand, when a load short circuit occurs, the estimated short circuit current if tends to flow in the line. However, when the line current is increased to J q, current of the superconducting switch 7 exceeds the critical current value J c1, increases the impedance of the moment superconducting reactor 6 is the Z sc ', the short-circuit current flows limited to below the limit value It is.
かくして、この実施例によっても、超電導コイルを採
用したこと、これらの超電導コイルを同芯配置したこと
により、構成の簡易化、装置の小型化が実現されると同
時に応答性が速く、しかも確実な線路保護が可能とな
る。Thus, also in this embodiment, the employment of the superconducting coils and the concentric arrangement of these superconducting coils realize the simplification of the configuration and the miniaturization of the apparatus, and at the same time, the responsiveness is fast and reliable. Track protection becomes possible.
［発明の効果］ 以上の説明によって明らかなように、本発明によれ
ば、装置の小型化及び確実な線路保護を図り得ると共
に、熱に伴う電力損失を著しく低く抑えることができる
という効果がある。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of the device and secure line protection, and to suppress the power loss due to heat to a remarkably low level. .
第１図は本出願の第１の発明に対応する実施例の構成を
適用対象と併せて示した回路図、第２図は同実施例の具
体的な構成を部分的に断面で示した図、第３図は同実施
例の動作を説明するための磁束発生状態図、第４図
（ａ）（ｂ）は同実施例の動作を説明するために電流お
よびインピーダンスの時間的な変化を示した図、第５図
は本出願の第２の発明に対応する実施例の構成を適用対
象と併せて示した回路図、第６図および第８図はそれぞ
れ同実施例の主要素の具体的な構成を部分的に断面で示
した図、第７図および第９図はこれらの主要素の磁束発
生状態図、第10図（ａ），（ｂ）は同実施例の動作を説
明するための等価回路図、第11図（ａ），（ｂ）は同実
施例の動作を説明するために電流およびインピーダンス
の時間的な変化を示した図、第12図は従来の限流装置の
構成を示す回路図である。 ３……限流装置、3a,6a,6b……超電導コイル、3b,7……
超電導スイッチ、６……超電導リアクトル。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment corresponding to the first invention of the present application together with an application object, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a specific configuration of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a magnetic flux generation state diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment, and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show temporal changes in current and impedance for explaining the operation of the embodiment. FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment corresponding to the second invention of the present application together with an application object, and FIGS. 6 and 8 are specific examples of the main elements of the embodiment. FIGS. 7 and 9 are partial cross-sectional views of the essential configuration, FIGS. 7 and 9 are diagrams showing the state of magnetic flux generation of these main elements, and FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) are for explaining the operation of the embodiment. 11 (a) and 11 (b) show the current and the impedance over time to explain the operation of the embodiment. FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional current limiting device. 3 ... current limiting device, 3a, 6a, 6b ... superconducting coil, 3b, 7 ...
Superconducting switch, 6 ... superconducting reactor.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 伊藤 大佐 神奈川県川崎市幸区小向東芝町１ 株式 会社東芝総合研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−239876（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭58−43125（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭50−66130（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭55−94071（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 昭48−2038（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Osamu Ito 1 Toshiba-cho, Komukai, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (56) References JP-A-63-239876 (JP, A) Sho Akai 58-43125 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 50-66130 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model Showa 55-94071 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication 48-2038 (JP, B1)
Claims (2)
タンスを有し、且つ前記制限値以上の臨界電流値を持つ
超電導コイルと、 インダクタンスがほぼ零となるように形成され、前記制
限値より小さく電路の通常電流より大きい臨界電流値を
持つ超電導スイッチとを有し、 前記超電導コイルは、第１のボビンに巻装され、 前記超電導スイッチは、前記第１のボビンと同心円上に
配置され、前記第１のボビンとは半径が異なる第２のボ
ビンに巻装され、 前記第１のボビンと第２のボビンの両端部には、前記超
電導コイルのコイル端と前記超電導スイッチのコイル端
がそれぞれ接続された共通端子が設けられ、 該共通端子の端子間を電路に挿入したことを特徴とする
限流装置。1. A superconducting coil having an inductance for suppressing a current in an electric circuit to be equal to or less than a limit value and having a critical current value equal to or greater than the limit value, formed so that the inductance is substantially zero, and being smaller than the limit value. A superconducting switch having a critical current value larger than a normal current of an electric circuit, wherein the superconducting coil is wound around a first bobbin, and the superconducting switch is disposed concentrically with the first bobbin; Wound around a second bobbin having a radius different from that of the first bobbin, and a coil end of the superconducting coil and a coil end of the superconducting switch are connected to both ends of the first bobbin and the second bobbin, respectively. A current limiting device, wherein a common terminal is provided, and between the terminals of the common terminal is inserted into an electric circuit.
タンスを有し、且つ前記制限値以上の臨界電流値を持つ
第１の超電導コイルと、この第１の超電導コイルと並列
に電路に挿入されたとき前記第１の超電導コイルにより
発生する磁束を打消すような磁束を発生し、且つ前記制
限値以上の臨界電流値を持つ第２の超電導コイルとを有
する超電導リアクトルと、 該超電導リアクトルの第２の超電導コイルと直列に接続
されると共に、インダクタンスがほぼ零にとなるように
形成され、前記制限値より小さく負荷が正常のとき電路
に流れる電流のうちの前記超電導リアクトルの第２の超
電導コイルへ分流される電流値より大きい臨界電流値を
持つ第３の超電導コイルと第４の超電導コイルを備えた
超電導スイッチとを有し、 前記超電導リアクトルは、第１の超電導コイルが第１の
ボビンに巻装され、第２の超電導コイルが前記第１のボ
ビンと同心円上に配置され前記第１のボビンとは半径が
異なる第２のボビンに巻装され、前記第１のボビンと第
２のボビンの一端部には、前記第１の超電導コイルのコ
イル端と前記第２の超電導コイルのコイル端がそれぞれ
接続された共通端子が設けられ、 前記第１のボビンの他端部には前記第１の超電導コイル
の他方のコイル端が接続された第１の端子が設けられ、
前記第２のボビンの他端部には前記第２の超電導コイル
の他方のコイル端が接続された第２の端子が設けられ、
前記第１の端子と第２の端子の端子間に絶縁スペースを
介在させて成り、 前記超電導スイッチは、前記第３の超電導コイルが第３
のボビンに巻装され、前記第４の超電導コイルが前記第
３のボビンと同心円上に配置され前記第３のボビンとは
半径が異なる第４のボビンに巻装され、前記第３のボビ
ンと第４のボビンの両端部には、前記第３の超電導コイ
ルのコイル端と前記第４の超電導コイルのコイル端がそ
れぞれ接続された共通端子が設けられ、 前記超電導リアクトルの共通端子と第１の端子間が電路
に挿入されると共に、前記超電導スイッチの共通端子の
一方が前記超電導リアクトルの第２の端子に接続され該
共通端子の他方が前記超電導リアクトルの第１の端子に
接続されることを特徴とする限流装置。2. A first superconducting coil having an inductance for suppressing a current in an electric circuit below a limit value and having a critical current value not less than the limit value, and a first superconducting coil inserted into the electric circuit in parallel with the first superconducting coil. A superconducting reactor having a second superconducting coil that generates a magnetic flux that cancels the magnetic flux generated by the first superconducting coil when the second superconducting coil has a critical current value greater than or equal to the limit value. And the second superconducting coil of the superconducting reactor of the current flowing in the electric circuit when the load is smaller than the limit value and is normal, while being connected in series with the second superconducting coil. A superconducting switch having a third superconducting coil having a critical current value larger than the current value shunted to the superconducting switch and a fourth superconducting coil, The first superconducting coil is wound around a first bobbin, and the second superconducting coil is disposed on a second bobbin concentric with the first bobbin and having a different radius from the first bobbin. Wound and provided at one end of the first bobbin and the second bobbin a common terminal to which a coil end of the first superconducting coil and a coil end of the second superconducting coil are respectively connected, The other end of the first bobbin is provided with a first terminal to which the other coil end of the first superconducting coil is connected,
The other end of the second bobbin is provided with a second terminal to which the other coil end of the second superconducting coil is connected,
An insulating space is interposed between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the superconducting switch is configured such that the third superconducting coil has a third position.
And the fourth superconducting coil is disposed concentrically with the third bobbin and wound around a fourth bobbin having a radius different from that of the third bobbin. At both ends of the fourth bobbin, there are provided common terminals to which a coil end of the third superconducting coil and a coil end of the fourth superconducting coil are respectively connected, and a common terminal of the superconducting reactor and the first terminal. While the terminals are inserted into the electric circuit, one of the common terminals of the superconducting switch is connected to a second terminal of the superconducting reactor, and the other of the common terminals is connected to a first terminal of the superconducting reactor. Characteristic current limiting device.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63253315A JP2901068B2 (en) | 1988-10-07 | 1988-10-07 | Current limiting device |
| EP89112845A EP0350916B1 (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1989-07-13 | Superconducting switch and current limiter using such a switch |
| US07/379,117 US5021914A (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1989-07-13 | Superconducting switch and current limiter using such a switch |
| DE68912431T DE68912431T2 (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1989-07-13 | Superconducting switch and current limiter using such a switch. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63253315A JP2901068B2 (en) | 1988-10-07 | 1988-10-07 | Current limiting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02101926A JPH02101926A (en) | 1990-04-13 |
| JP2901068B2 true JP2901068B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=17249589
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63253315A Expired - Fee Related JP2901068B2 (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1988-10-07 | Current limiting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2901068B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001061228A (en) | 1999-01-28 | 2001-03-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Current limiter |
| JP2014204460A (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2014-10-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Current-limiting/current flow controller |
| JP6069073B2 (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2017-01-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Current limiting device |
| JP2017034194A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-09 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Current limiter, overcurrent detection mechanism and drive circuit for superconducting coil |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5066130U (en) * | 1973-10-17 | 1975-06-14 | ||
| JPS5594071U (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1980-06-30 | ||
| JPS5843125U (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-03-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | current limiting circuit |
| JPS63239876A (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1988-10-05 | Toshiba Corp | Thermal permanent current switch |
-
1988
- 1988-10-07 JP JP63253315A patent/JP2901068B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02101926A (en) | 1990-04-13 |
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