JP2860224B2 - Excavator and harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a digging and harvesting machine for digging and harvesting potatoes such as konjac yam, taro and potato, or underground crops such as tulips and lilies.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since an excavator and harvester is targeted at an underground part, its work is easily affected by the properties of soil, the shape and distribution of roots, etc., and there are restrictions and problems in work compared to the above-ground part harvester. Many. Conventionally, there were a separation type and a separation adjustment type as this seed harvester (refer to pages 866-867 of the new edition agricultural machine handbook).

[0003]

The separation type is root (crop)
And the soil are separated, and there are two types of crops: parent potatoes (referred to as seeds, large balls, etc., which are standard products) and child potatoes (referred to as viable, small balls, etc.). Since they are thrown away, manual sorting and storage after excavation was very troublesome.

[0004] In this regard, the separation and adjustment type is capable of consistently performing the work of digging and separating, and then manually sorting or vibration sorting and packing it into a container in a so-called box.
It is more efficient than the separated type. However, the work conditions are different between dry and wetlands and before and after rain, and when the soil becomes thick, transport and sorting are very troublesome and the sorting accuracy is poor.

[0005] Further, when there is unevenness on the surface of the crop and soil adheres to it, it must be accommodated with the soil attached, which causes deterioration of the grade, decay of the crop due to the adhered soil and the like. The above-mentioned problem was fatal because it was a factor, and in particular, the soil adhering to the dents was difficult to separate by only vibration.
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to consistently mechanize the process from excavation to sorting, and to ensure that soil or the like attached to the crop surface can be harvested in a separated and separated state.

[0006]

According to the present invention, an excavating part 3 is provided.
A lifting conveyor 5 that lifts and transports the crop A excavated in the excavation section 3 while sifting the crop A; and a selection section 6 that selects a standard product among the crops A sent from the conveyor 5 while sending it to the storage section 27. In the excavating and harvesting machine 1 provided with the following, the following technical measures are taken to achieve the above-mentioned object.

That is, according to the present invention, the sorting section 6 is provided with a large ball sorting section 19 at the upper stage and a small ball sorting section 20 at the lower stage so as to be vertically swingable. A brush roll 28 is provided to feed the container A while contacting and removing soil and the like adhering to the surface thereof.
It is characterized in that it is configured to be transported while being turned in the roll axis direction .

[0008]

[Action] Excavation unit 3 provided at the tip of self-propelled harvester 1
Is pierced into the ridges of the rice fields and the underground crops are excavated by the excavation unit 3 and lifted by the lifting conveyor 5 while receiving the soil sieving action. At this time, it is desirable that the excavation part 3 imparts a squeeze motion in the front-rear direction,
This crushes the soil and improves the separation between the crop and the soil.

In addition, the traveling device 7 using the crawler can secure the straight traveling property by traveling at the bottom of the groove, and can stabilize the excavation depth. The crop A sent from the lifting conveyor 5 is a parent potato (a large ball or the like and a standard product) A
1 and the potatoes A2 (which are small balls and partially out of specification) are dropped on the sorting unit 6 under coexistence of cobblestones. Sent to the unit 27.

At the time of this sorting feed operation, the brush roll 2
The brush No. 8 comes into contact with the surface of the crop A, and performs a feeding action while peeling off the soil attached to the dent. That is,
Crop A on lash roll 28 is rolled in the roll axis direction
During transport, the brush is used in a long process in the roll axis direction.
It is sent under the peeling action of
Is surely separated.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the overall configuration, a harvester 1 has a dug portion 3 at a front portion (tip) of a traveling body 2. , The first for relay
A lifting conveyor 4 and a second lifting conveyor 5 for soil sieving are provided in series in that order, a sorting unit 6 is provided at a lower rear portion of the second lifting conveyor 5, and the crawler-type traveling device 7 is capable of self-propelled. A driving steering device 8 is provided on one side of the body 2 in the middle in the front-rear direction.

The excavating portion 3 is provided with a plate-shaped or comb-shaped excavating blade 9 at a lower portion, and can be swung back and forth by a cylinder 11 or the like about a pivot 10 as a fulcrum. And hold down the resistance. The first conveyor 4 for relaying is formed by winding an endless chain 14 around a pair of left and right sprocket wheels 12 and 13 arranged in front and rear, and arranging horizontal rails at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the chain 14. Then, one of the wheels is driven to lift and transport an underground crop (hereinafter referred to as a crop) while sieving.

The lifting second conveyor 5 includes the first conveyor 4
Of the sprocket wheels 15 and 16, and the endless chain 17 is attached to the pair of sprocket wheels 15 and 16.
And a row of cross bars having lifting claws 18 are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the chain 17, and the crop from the relay conveyor 4 is lifted while sieving through the circulation of the lifting claws 18. It is transported and sent to the subsequent sorting unit 6.

The sorting section 6 is composed of an upper large sorting section 19 and a lower small sorting section 20, both of which are provided on a common swing frame 21 as shown in FIG. Both sorting units 19 and 20 are provided with spoke bars 1 above and below swinging frame 21.
9A and 20A are arranged side by side in the left and right direction. The upper spoke bar 19A has an interval of about 40 to 60 mm, and the lower spoke 20A has an interval of about 15 to 25 mm. I have.

The lower spoke bar 20A is longer than the upper spoke bar 19A, and the inclination is steeper in the lower stage.
And the like, so as to be vertically swingable about a fulcrum 21A, and sieve sorting is possible here. Below the lower spoke bar 20A, a plate-shaped chute 24 is provided in a rearward descending shape, and the chute 24 is also attached to the swing frame 21, swings up and down, and travels along the waste, soil A3, and the like. It is designed to be dropped between the devices 7.

At the extending ends (delivery ends) of the upper and lower spoke rods 19A, 20A, a first traverse conveyor 25 and a second traverse conveyor 26 are both erected on a horizontal plane.
An accommodating portion 27 for large balls is provided at the delivery end of the traverse conveyor 25, and the lower spoke bar 20A extends rearward below the first traverse conveyor 25. The first traversing conveyor 25 is a set of two helical brush rolls 2.
It consists of eight.

The roll 28 has a brush 28B such as resin bristles planted in a spiral shape on a roll shaft 28A. When the pair of roll shafts 28A are rotated inward each other, the direction of the spiral is the crop A It is the direction to send. Specifically, a roll shaft 28A is rotated inwardly by a drive shaft 30 having a bevel gear 29 driven by using a sprocket wheel 16 in the lifting conveyor 5, and this rotation causes a brush on the surface of the crop A to rotate. The tip of 28B is brought into contact, and the brush 28B fits into the dent of the crop A. The crop A2 having a smaller diameter than that between the rolls is dropped into the small ball sorting section 20 while the soil and the like are peeled off. I try to send it. That is,
Crop A is rolled in the roll axis direction between brush rolls 28
To the roll axis direction.
The sheet 28B is transported to the accommodation section 27 while being
It is done.

The second traversing conveyor 26 is an artificial sorting conveyor. For this purpose, an auxiliary driver's seat 31 is provided. The products are dropped into the left and right containers 32, and the defective products are released to the rice fields. It is desirable that the second lateral feed conveyor 26 be capable of reversing the traveling direction.

Further, a peeling brush roll 33 is provided above the large ball sorting section 19 so as to come into contact with the surface of the crop A on the large ball sorting section 19 to peel off the soil. 33 is driven by a winding chain or the like via a lifting conveyor, a spiral brush roll, or the like. Note that both the spiral brush roll 28 and the roll 33 may be driven by means other than those shown.

The roll 33 may be provided on the roll 28.

[0021]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
Can consistently mechanize from excavation to sorting, separation and containment, especially when crops are rolled in the roll axis direction between brush rolls
And is subjected to the peeling action of the brush ,
Even soil adhering to a dent or the like of a crop can be reliably peeled and harvested, thereby preventing quality deterioration and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view showing the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a main part showing the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part showing the first embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Harvester 3 Excavating part 5 Lifting conveyor 6 Sorting part 19 Large ball sorting part 20 Small ball sorting part 27 Housing part 28 Brush roll

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-52-55942 (JP, A) JP-A-2-90927 (JP, U) JP-A-3-13135 (JP, Y2) JP-A-45 7069 (JP, Y1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An excavating section (3), a lifting conveyor (5) for lifting and transporting a crop (A) excavated in the excavating section (3) while sieving, and sending out from the conveyor (5). A sorting unit (6) that sorts a standardized product from the selected crops (A) while sending it to a storage unit (27), wherein the sorting unit (6) is a large ball sorting unit. (19) is provided on the upper stage, and the small ball sorting unit (20) is provided on the lower stage so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and comes into contact with the crop (A) at the sending end of the large ball sorting unit (19) and adheres to the surface thereof. accommodating portion while peeling off the soil or the like are the write feed to (27) Mubu Rashiroru (28) is provided,
The brush roll (28) is the crop on the roll (28)
A digging / harvesting machine characterized in that (A) is rolled and conveyed in the roll axis direction .