JP2854729B2 - Street survey method by railroad truck - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring a railroad rail with a bogie for measuring the amount of horizontal bending of the railroad rail.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Train sway which affects ride comfort in railways is mainly due to track irregularities. In particular, it has recently been revealed that long-wavelength track irregularities greatly contribute to train sway. . Orbital deviation surveying includes leveling for measuring vertical deviation (roughness) and street surveying for measuring horizontal deviation (roughness).

[0003] As in the past, in surveying, a 10-m string Yaya method or 2
A method of measuring a gap between a thread and a rail stretched between two points on a rail at a predetermined interval, which is called a 0m string Masaya method, and a telescope called a transit on a reference line connecting two points on a rail. There has been used a method of installing a surveying instrument equipped with a measuring instrument, collimating each measurement point, and measuring a gap between a reference line and a rail. However, the 10m string arrow method and the 20m string arrow method have drawbacks in that the yarn vibrates due to wind and the like, so that accurate measurement cannot be performed, and that a rail having a wavelength longer than the length of the string cannot be measured. Was. In addition, it is difficult to measure at a long distance pitch using the transit method,
There is a drawback that a reading error may occur.

Therefore, in recent years, a method using a laser beam has been proposed as a method for solving the drawbacks of the surveying method as described above. That is, a laser beam is radiated in parallel to a reference line connecting two points on the rail, and a photodetector formed by arranging light receiving element rows in a one-dimensional direction is placed on the rail in a horizontal plane at each measurement point on the rail. At right angles, the distance between the reference line and the rail is measured based on the light receiving position of the laser beam on the light receiving element.

[0005]

However, in the conventional survey using such a laser beam, the operation of making the light receiver abut at right angles to the reference rail while always keeping the receiver horizontal is performed by a plurality of operations along the reference line. It has to be repeated for each measurement position, and the work efficiency is poor. Therefore, it is difficult to quickly measure and quickly reach a conclusion, and it is difficult to maintain and improve the track.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides a method for surveying railroad rails using bogies for efficiently performing surveying using laser beams. It is intended to be.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve the above object, the gist of the present invention is as follows: (1) A railroad rail (R) is constructed by a bogie (4) for measuring a horizontal bending amount of the railroad rail (R). In the surveying method, one of a pair of parallel rails of the railway rail is used as a reference rail (11), and connects two points (A, B) separated by a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction on the reference rail (11). A straight line is set as a reference line (13), and a light emitter (1) for irradiating a laser beam (LB) in a direction parallel to the reference line (13) is arranged near the reference rail (11), and the light emitter (1) is arranged in a horizontal plane. The light receiving section (2) extending in a direction orthogonal to the reference rail (11)
A light receiver (2) having 1) is mounted on a carriage (4) movable on the railroad rail, and the light receiver (21) is maintained in a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail (11). The trolley (4) is moved, and each measurement point (p1 to p4) between the two points (A, B) based on the output of the light receiver (2).
A laser beam (L) from the reference rail (11).
B) A method for surveying a railroad track using a bogie, wherein a distance to B) is measured.

[0010] 2 With respect to the inclination of the carriage (4) caused by the relative vertical displacement of the two parallel rails (11, 12) of the railway rail, the carriage (4) moves in accordance with the movement of the carriage (4). Item 4 is a method for surveying a railway rail by a bogie according to Item 1, wherein the light receiver (2) is maintained horizontal.

[0009]

In the street survey, one of a pair of parallel rails of a railway rail is used as a reference rail (11), and the reference rail (11) is measured. The state of the reference rail (11) is grasped and examined by measurement, and if it exceeds the limit, the other rail (12) will be repaired together.

First, as a preparation stage for measurement, one of a pair of parallel rails of a railway rail is used as a reference rail (11), and two points (A, B) separated from the reference rail (11).
And a line connecting these two points (A, B) is defined as a reference line (1).
3). The trolley (4) equipped with the light receiver (2) is arranged so as to be able to run on the railroad rail corresponding to these two points (A, B). Next, a laser beam (LB) is irradiated from the light emitting device (1) disposed near the reference rail (11) in a direction parallel to the reference line (13).

A light receiving section (21) of a light receiver (2) extending in a direction orthogonal to the reference rail (11) in a horizontal plane receives a laser beam (LB) and is separated by a position where the laser beam is received.
The distance from the reference rail (11) at the point (A, B) to the laser beam (LB) is measured by the light receiver (2),
Obtain a reference value for the measurement.

Now that the preparation is completed, two points (A,
The carriage (4) is moved to measure at each measurement point (p1 to p4) during B). The light receiving unit (21) maintains a constant positional relationship with the reference rail (11) even when the carriage (4) moves, and the light receiving unit receives the laser beam (LB) at each of the measurement points (p1 to p4). Based on the output of (2), the distance from the reference rail (11) to the laser beam (LB) at each measurement point (p1 to p4) is measured one after another.

The measurement results at the respective measurement points (p1 to p4) need not be corrected if the reference line (13) and the laser beam (LB) are exactly parallel, but if necessary, two points (A, B) )
The inclination is corrected by the reference value in step (1) to obtain an accurate horizontal distance of the reference rail (11) from the reference line (13).

When there is a relative vertical displacement between two parallel rails (11, 12) of the rail, the light is received according to the movement of the truck (4) with respect to the inclination of the truck (4). The vessel (2) is kept horizontal.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the railway rail R is composed of a pair of parallel rails 11 and 12, and one of the rails 11 and 12 of the railway rail R is used as a reference rail 11, and two points on the reference rail 11 are provided. Reference line 13 connecting A and B
Is set, and the horizontal distance of the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13 is measured at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 between the two points A and B.

A schematic configuration of a surveying device for carrying out the surveying method will be described. The surveying device includes a light emitting device 1 disposed near a reference rail 11, a light receiving device 2 mounted on a cart 4, and a light receiving device 2 (not shown). Counting means.

As shown in FIG. 2, the light emitting device 1 irradiates a laser beam LB along a reference rail 11 in a direction substantially parallel to the reference rail 11, and emits a laser beam emitted from a laser diode to a collimator lens. The laser beam LB is configured to be able to emit a parallel beam of the laser beam LB over the entire circumference of 360 degrees by rotating the pentamirror with a motor by rotating the pentamirror at a right angle with a pentamirror. This configuration is known as an electronic level that emits level light in a horizontal plane. In the present embodiment, the electronic level is tilted sideways as shown in FIG. 3 so that a parallel beam of a laser beam can be emitted all around 360 degrees around a horizontal axis in a vertical plane.

The light receiver 2 is mounted on a carriage 4 movable along the rails 11 and 12 and is disposed so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the reference rail 11. The electronic staff is provided with a light receiving unit 21 over a length of 500 mm in a one-dimensional direction. The light receiving section 21 is provided with a plurality of light receiving element rows in series, and the laser beam LB
Since the light receiving element differs depending on the position where the light is received, when the laser light LB is received, the distance from the base end applied to the reference rail 11 to the laser light LB is measured by the reaction of the light receiving element.

The carriage 4 has a base end of the light receiver 2 and the reference rail 1.
The light receiver 2 is supported so as to be in contact with the reference surface of the inner surface of the reference numeral 1 or to have a predetermined accurate positional relationship with respect to the reference rail 11 in the horizontal plane. On the upper surface of the light receiver 2, there are provided a display 22 for numerically displaying the light receiving position of the light receiving element of the light receiving section 21 which has received the laser beam LB, and a level 23 for obtaining the levelness.

In this embodiment, two trolleys 4 and 4 are arranged symmetrically in order to increase the efficiency in surveying. However, only one trolley 4 may be used alternately on both sides of the light emitter 1. It goes without saying that the survey can be carried out by using

FIG. 3 shows the entire carriage 4 equipped with the light receiver 2. The carriage 4 includes a base plate 41 that can be folded in two at the center, and three wheels 42, 43, and 44 that are provided at both ends of the base plate 41 so as to be rotatable via bearings.
And a mounting portion 45 for supporting the light receiver 2. One end of the mounting portion 45 is provided with a pair of legs 46 and 47, and the other end is provided with horizontal adjustment means.

The horizontal adjusting means includes a pair of levers 31 and 32 pivotally supported on both side surfaces of the base plate 41, a rod 33 connecting the ends of the levers 31 and 32, and fixed to the lever 31. And an operation knob 34 formed with a threaded portion to be screwed into the nut.
Has come to support.

As can be seen from FIG. 4 and FIG.
A fixing member 51 is fixedly provided on the back surface of the first member. The fixing member 51 has a pair of through holes in the axial direction of the wheels 42 to 44,
A U-shaped steel bar 52 is slidably inserted into the through hole. Both ends of the steel bar 52 are movable members 53
And a coil spring 54 is stretched between the steel bar 52 and the moving member 53. Leg 4 at one end of mounting portion 45
6, 47 project downward through a notch formed at one end of the base plate 41, a groove formed at the lower end of the legs 46, 47 fits into the steel rod 52, and the mounting portion 45 slides on the steel rod 52. It is configured to be integrally displaced.

An operation lever 55 is provided on the base plate 41 so as to be swingable about a fulcrum 56.
A cable 57 is connected to a distal end of the operation lever 55 that penetrates through the first lever 1 and protrudes downward. Cable 57 is base plate 4
1 is slidably inserted into the tube 58 fixed to 1, and the end is connected to the moving member 53. That is, when the operation lever 55 is tilted in the direction of arrow C, the cable 57 is pulled in the direction of arrow D, and the moving member 53 and the steel bar 52 are moved in the direction of arrow E.

Positioning reference members 48 and 49 are provided at the ends of the legs 46 and 47 at the ends of the mounting portion 45,
5 moves in the direction of arrow E, as shown in FIG. 5, the positioning reference members 48 and 49 come into contact with the reference surface on the inner side surface of the reference rail 11, and in this state, the one end surface of the light receiver 2 becomes the reference surface. It is at a measurement reference position that maintains a constant positional relationship with the rail 11, and the light receiver 2 and the mounting portion 45 are configured to maintain this state.

As shown in FIG. 6, the light receiver 2 is appropriately set at positions a1, a2 and a3 which are sequentially shifted in the vertical direction of the mounting portion 45 in accordance with the distance from the measurement reference position to the laser beam LB. The total length of the mounting portion 45 is set to be three times the length of the light receiver 2 so as to be fixed. Therefore, if the laser beam LB can be received within a range of distance L1 from the measurement reference position, the light receiver 2 is installed at the position a1.
In addition, when light can be received in a range exceeding the distance L2 and within the distance L3, they are arranged at positions a3.
Positioning at each installation position is performed by using a handle 24 provided on the light receiver 2.
Is fitted into the elongated holes b1, b2, b3 formed in the mounting portion 45.

Next, the operation will be described. As for the street survey, one of a pair of parallel rails of the railway rail R is used as a reference rail 11.
And the measurement is performed on the reference rail 11. The state of the reference rail 11 is grasped and examined by measurement, and if it exceeds the limit, the other rail 12 is to be repaired.

First, as a preparation stage for measurement, one of a pair of parallel rails of a rail is set as a reference rail 11,
Two points A and B separated from the reference rail 11 are determined, and a line connecting the two points A and B is defined as a reference line 13. The two trolleys 4 and 4 equipped with the light receiver 2 are arranged so as to be able to run on the railroad rail corresponding to the two points A and B. The positioning reference members 48 and 49 at the end of the mounting portion 45 abut against the reference surface on the inner side surface of the reference rail 11, and as shown in FIG. It is in a measurement reference position that maintains the relationship.

Next, a laser beam LB is emitted in a direction parallel to the reference line 13 from the light emitting device 1 arranged near the reference rail 11. The light receiving portion 21 of the light receiver 2 extending in the direction orthogonal to the reference rail 11 in the horizontal plane receives the laser beam LB, and the distance from the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB at two points A and B separated by the position where the light is received is determined. Receiver 2
Is measured by

The display values h of the light receivers 2 and 2 of the carts 4 and 4 located at the reference points A and B are read, and the direction of the light emitter 1 is adjusted so that the two values match. As a result, the emission direction of the laser beam LB coincides with the temporary reference line 14 parallel to the reference line 13 connecting the reference points A and B, and the reference value h for measurement is obtained.

Now that the preparation is completed, the carriage 4 is moved to measure at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 between the two points A and B. To move the operation lever 55 in the state of FIG.
Is operated in the direction indicated by the arrow, the moving member 53 is integrally moved with the steel rod 52 and the mounting portion 45 to the left in the drawing by the urging force of the coil spring 54, and the positioning reference member 48,
49 is separated from the inner surface of the reference rail 11 (see FIG. 4). Since the cart 4 is released, the wheels 42 to 44 are rolled on the railway rail R to move the cart 4 to the next measurement point.

When the carriage 4 is stopped at the next measurement point, when the operation lever 55 is operated in the direction indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 4, the moving member 53 moves rightward in the figure against the urging force of the coil spring 54. Then, the positioning reference member 48,
49 is pressed against the inner surface of the reference rail 11, and as a result,
One end surface of the light receiver 2 is located on the same plane as the side surface of the reference rail 11. Next, while visually checking the level 23, the operation knob 3
4 is rotated to make the attitude of the light receiver 2 horizontal. Then, by operating a measurement start switch (not shown), the light receiving position of the laser beam LB, that is, the distance i from the inner side surface of the reference rail 11 to the laser beam LB is numerically displayed on the display 22.

Even if the carriage 4 moves as described above, the light receiving section 21
Maintains a fixed positional relationship with the reference rail 11, and outputs the laser beam LB from the reference rail 11 at each of the measurement points p1 to p4 based on the output of the light receiver 2 that receives the laser beam LB at each of the measurement points p1 to p4. The distance to is measured one after another. Then, by subtracting the reference value h from the measurement result i of each of the measurement points p1 to p4, the distance d between the reference line 13 and the reference rail 11 at the measurement point is calculated.

In the case of the above embodiment where the reference line 13 and the laser beam LB are exactly parallel, no correction is required.
If they are not parallel, they are corrected by the inclination based on different reference values at the two points A and B to correct the reference rail 1 from the reference line 13.
One accurate distance in the horizontal direction can be obtained. Also, by connecting the output of the light receiver 2 to a recording device such as a data recorder, the reference rail 11 from the reference line 13 can be connected.
It is also possible to perform various types of data processing by recording the distance d of each measurement point for each measurement point and further inputting it to a computer.

In the above embodiment, the reference line 13
Is described as a straight line. However, even when the reference line 13 is a circular arc, it can be handled by using computer processing in combination, and measurement can be performed along a curved section.

[0037]

According to the method for surveying railroad rails by a bogie according to the present invention, a photoreceptor is mounted on a bogie, and when the bogie is stopped at a measurement point, the attitude of the photoreceptor is accurately determined to perform surveying. Therefore, the measurement can be performed quickly by moving the light receiver to the measurement point, and the maintenance and improvement of the line can be appropriately performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view around a railway rail showing a measurement state of a surveying method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a light emitter and a light receiver of the apparatus used in the surveying method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view of a cart used in the surveying method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of a bogie used in the surveying method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of a bogie used in the surveying method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus used in a surveying method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Light-emitting device 2 ... Light-receiving device 21 ... Light-receiving part 4 ... Carriage 41 ... Base plate 42-44 ... Wheel 45 ... Mounting part 48, 49 ... Positioning reference member 11 ... Reference rail LB ... Laser beam A, B ... Reference point p1 ~ P4 ... Measurement point

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G01B 11/00-11/30 102 G01C 9/00-9/36 G01C 15/00-15/14 B61K 9 / 08 E01B 27/00-37/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of measuring a railroad rail with a bogie for measuring a horizontal bending amount of the railroad rail, wherein one of a pair of parallel rails of the railroad rail is set as a reference rail, and the rail is extended on the reference rail. A straight line connecting two points separated by a predetermined distance in the direction is set as a reference line, and a light emitter for irradiating a laser beam in a direction substantially parallel to the reference line is arranged near the reference rail, and the reference rail is set in a horizontal plane. A light receiver having a light receiving unit extending in a direction perpendicular to the light receiving unit is provided on a truck movable on the railroad rail, and the light receiving unit is moved so as to maintain a constant positional relationship with the reference rail, A method according to claim 1, wherein a distance from the reference rail to the laser beam at each measurement point between the two points is measured based on an output of the light receiver. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving device is kept horizontal in accordance with the movement of the bogie with respect to the inclination of the bogie due to the relative vertical displacement of the two parallel rails of the rail. The method of claim 1, wherein the bogie is used as a railway rail.