JP2845094B2 - Breakwater block - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a breakwater block for constructing a breakwater as a sea area control structure , which is continuously installed on a seabed in a sea area to be controlled.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A sea area control structure, such as a breakwater, constructed as an outer facility in a sea area to be controlled is used, for example, in order to secure the degree of concealment in the port and to maintain the facilities in the port from waves and the like. It is provided. As these sea area control structures, many impermeable structures such as upright levees and hybrid levees have been constructed. That is,
The breakwater as such an impermeable structure has a high breakwater function by blocking passage of waves and the like.

[0003]

However, since the breakwater as the above-mentioned impermeable structure blocks not only the energy of waves but also the flow of seawater, the exchange of seawater inside and outside the embankment is facilitated. Therefore, the sea area behind the embankment will be in the same state as the closed sea area, making it difficult to secure water quality and purify the sea area, and will affect the flow condition of the surrounding tidal current and river flow There was a problem.

[0004] Further, there is a problem that waves are increased by the influence of the reflected waves from the breakwater, which adversely affects the safety of fishing boats and small boats sailing in the vicinity.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and has a sufficient wave-absorbing function by absorbing the energy of waves, and enables the flow of seawater inside and outside the embankment. Construction of breakwaters that can easily achieve seawater exchange and reduction of reflected waves
It is an object of the present invention to provide a breach block that can be used .

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above object, the gist is mounted is connected number to the seabed waters to be controlled, consumption of a sea area control structure A breakwater block for constructing a breakwater , which is formed in a box shape with wall plates constituting six surfaces.
In both cases , a through-opening penetrating a wall plate forming a side portion of the breakwater, an air chamber formed above the through-opening, and a wall plate forming a top end surface of the breakwater communicate with the air chamber. for Shonamitsutsumi characterized by having a small hole which is opened and formed by
In the block .

The breakwater block according to the present invention comprises:
Said air chamber, the partition wall being vertically provided on the wall plate or <br/> et downwardly which forms the top end face of the Shonamitsutsumi block, it is preferable to define a plurality of air chambers.

In the breakwater block according to the present invention, it is preferable to provide a ramp at the entrance of the through-opening to reduce the cross-sectional area of the opening.

[0009]

The breakwater block of the present invention can be used for
On the seafloor
It is installed and built on a breakwater. In such construction,
The breakwater block is manufactured on land and towed.
Transported to the installation site and submerged in the sea.
Can be easily installed. Overall shape of breakwater block
Because the shape is based on a caisson, the usual
Easy construction by the same work process as caisson installation
can do. Thus, according to the wave dissipating bank that is built, waves or the like which moves toward the wave dissipating Tsutsumi, a sea of through openings with reflecting only part collides with the respective Shonamitsutsumi block pass. Waves and the like passing through the through-opening are air as a fluid filled in the air chamber above the through-opening while passing through the through-opening, and as an orifice formed in the top end surface of the breakwater. By the action of the small hole, energy generated by the vertical movement of the wave or the like is absorbed. That is, while the air in the air chamber is pressurized or depressurized by the waves moving up and down the air chamber, such air as the fluid is discharged or sucked through the thin orifice, thereby forming the top surface of the breakwater. A pressure difference occurs between the upper and lower surfaces. Then, this pressure difference becomes a resistance, and absorbs the energy of the moving object, that is, the wave energy that moves up and down, by converting it into the kinetic energy of air.

[0010] The through-opening that crosses the breakwater block also allows the flow of seawater and promotes the exchange of seawater inside and outside the breakwater.

Furthermore, if the air chamber of the breach block is divided into a plurality of air chambers by partition walls vertically extending downward from the upper surface thereof, each air chamber gradually absorbs wave energy. This makes it possible to improve the absorption efficiency of the entire breakwater, so that waves can be controlled more effectively.

Furthermore, if a ramp is provided at the entrance of the through-opening of the breakwater block to narrow the cross-sectional area of the breakwater, the breakwater formed by using the ramp will converge the energy of the incident wave. As a result, the energy absorption rate of the breakwater can be improved.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a breakwater block 10 for constructing a breakwater as a sea area control structure according to the present invention. The breakwater block 10 is provided in a sea area to be controlled, for example, around a harbor. And has a through opening 12 traversing a side surface 14 thereof. An air chamber 13 to be described later is provided above these through openings 12 (see FIG. 1 (b)), and the breach block 1
A small hole 16 as an orifice communicating with the air chamber 13 is formed in the top end surface 15 of the zero.

[0014] The anti-breach for block 10, as shown in FIG. 1 (a)
As shown in, a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped box body arranged parallel to reinforced concrete wall plate constituting the six surfaces, for the extinguishing breach
Between the wall plates on the side surface 14 of the block 10, there is provided a through-opening 12 having a rectangular cross section penetrating the block 10 for the breaches. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), an air chamber 13 is formed above the through-opening 12 by being covered by five other wall plates except for the lower wall plate. Reference numeral 13 denotes a plurality of air chambers 13a, 13b, and 13c that are continuously provided in a direction in which the through-opening 12 extends, by a partition wall 18 that extends downward from the lower surface of the wall plate that forms the top end surface 15. Furthermore, the air chambers 13a,
Small holes 16 are formed in communication with 13b and 13c, respectively, through which air flows between the air chamber 13 and the outside air.

As an example of the construction of the dyke block 10, as shown in FIG. 2, a large number of dyke dykes are continuously provided along the sea area to be controlled, for example, around the bay shore.
In such a construction, for example, the breach levee block 10 having the above-described configuration manufactured on land or the like can be easily installed by being transported by towing or the like to an installation location and sinking in the sea. Since the entire shape of each breakwater embankment block 10 is configured based on a caisson, it can be easily constructed by the same work process as the usual caisson installation work.

According to the breach embankment thus constructed in this embodiment, it is possible to effectively absorb the energy of waves and the like that are going to pass through the breach embankment block 10. That is, wave is partially only extinguishing breach block 10 to move toward the vanishing breach block 10
And a large part of the seawater
While passing through the through-opening 12, the air chamber 1
The energy in the air inside 3 and the action of the small holes 16 as orifices are absorbed. In addition, blow-off
Tsu waves and tidal current or the like which moves toward the click 10 through opening 1
It is possible that circulates through the 2, block for consumption breach
With internal and external water exchange of click 10 is easily carried out, waves because it does not reflected only partially only by extinguishing breach block 10, it is possible to easily achieve reduction in reflected waves.

FIG. 3 shows a breach block 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this block 20 for a breakwater, a partition wall 22 for partitioning an air chamber 21 is provided.
The a and 22b and the wall plates 23 and 24 on both side surfaces are provided so that the draft is sequentially lowered from the entrance side to the exit side of the waves. According to such a configuration, the natural periods of the air chambers 21a, 21b, and 21c are different from each other, and therefore, the air chambers 21a, 21b, and 2 are different.
The peak of the energy absorption efficiency in 1c is not concentrated,
It is possible to improve the absorption efficiency for waves in a wide frequency band. Therefore, the energy of the waves can be more efficiently absorbed.

FIG. 4 shows a breach block 30 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
The breaches block 30 has a mound 32 having a ramp 31 and an inclined ceiling 33 at the entrance of the through-opening to reduce the cross-sectional area of the opening. According to such a configuration, the energy of the waves can be absorbed more efficiently by converging the energy of the waves.

In each of the above embodiments, the partition 18,
Or the extension length below 22a, 22b, partition wall 1
By appropriately setting the arrangement intervals of 8 or 22a and 22b, the size and arrangement position of the small holes 16 in accordance with the wave height and wavelength in the sea area, the wave-dissipating effect corresponding to any sea condition can be obtained. Obtainable. Also, this dyke
If a turbine, a generator, etc. are attached to the block 10 for
Wave energy can be effectively used for wave power generation and the like.

[0020]

As described above, the breach block according to the present invention can be used in a sea area to be controlled, such as a bay area.
Many are connected along the enclosure and installed on the sea floor, breakwater
Is constructed in the construction,
Manufactured on land and transported to the installation location by towing it, etc.
Easy installation by carrying and submerging in the sea
it can. The overall shape of the breakwater block is caisson.
The basic caisson configuration is
Installation work and the same work process
Wear. In addition, the installed breakwater block can provide a sufficient wave-breaking effect by absorbing the energy of the waves, and the through-opening that crosses the breakwater block allows seawater to flow. Seawater exchange between the inside and outside of the levee can be promoted, and the water quality in the sea area behind the levee body can be ensured and the sea area can be purified.

[0021] Further, reflected waves from the breakwater can be reduced, and the safety of fishing boats and small boats sailing in the vicinity can be improved. Further, the air chamber of the breach block
Are divided by a partition wall hanging downward from the upper surface thereof.
If it is defined in the air chamber, the wave energy gradually gradually increases in each air chamber.
Energy can be absorbed, improving the overall absorption efficiency of the breakwater.
Control the waves more effectively
Can be Furthermore, the breach block
A ramp is provided at the entrance of the through-opening to reduce the cross-sectional area of the opening.
If the breakwater formed by using this is
Energy absorption rate of breakwater improved by converging energy
Can be made.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a block for a breakwater according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of construction of a breakwater block according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a breakwater embankment block according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of a breakwater embankment block according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 10 Breakwater block 12 Through opening 13 Air chamber 16 Small hole

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A is a number continuously provided on the seabed waters to be controlled seated <br/>, constructing a wave-dissipating bank as waters control structure
Breakwater block with wall panels that form six surfaces
And the side of the breakwater is
A through opening through the Nasu wall plate, and an air chamber formed above the through-opening, and a small hole which is opened and formed in communication with the air chamber in the wall plate forming the top end face of the wave dissipating Tsutsumi Breakwater block characterized by having. 2. A wall, wherein the air chamber forms a top end surface of a breakwater.
The breakwater buoy according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of air chambers are defined by a partition wall hanging downward from the plate.
Lock . 3. The opening according to claim 1, wherein the through-opening has a ramp at an entrance thereof to reduce the cross-sectional area of the opening.
Or the breakwater block according to claim 2.