CN211849251U

CN211849251U - Floating box type breakwater structure

Info

Publication number: CN211849251U
Application number: CN202020042052.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆正平
Original assignee: Chuzhou Xinhao Engineering Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chuzhou Xinhao Engineering Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-09
Filing date: 2020-01-09
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flotation tank formula breakwater structure comprises a plurality of flotation tank formula breakwater unit connection, and every breakwater unit includes: the floating box is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, the two openings are provided with a fixed structure, a blind ditch structure is filled in a space formed by the floating box and the fixed structure, and two opposite outer side walls of the floating box are fixedly provided with connecting structures; the anchor chains are vertically connected to the periphery of the bottom of the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy tank is provided with windlasses, and the number and the installation positions of the windlasses correspond to the anchor chains; the caisson is connected with the anchor chain, and the top of the caisson is also provided with a filling hole; the anti-sinking plate is fixed at the lower part of the caisson. The utility model discloses for traditional breakwater structure the cost is reduced, be convenient for construction installation and maintenance are changed, and the atress is stable simultaneously, and the unrestrained respond well disappears.

Description

Floating box type breakwater structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a wave field that disappears is prevented unrestrained in ocean engineering, especially relates to a flotation tank formula breakwater structure.

Background

Fixed breakwaters are often constructed by stacking rock or pouring a large amount of cement on a rock foundation. As increasing offshore activities require deeper channels and ports with greater throughput, the construction of conventional subsea fixed breakwaters in such cases would greatly increase construction costs and difficulty. On the other hand, fixed breakwaters can severely impede water circulation, depositing pollutants and silt near the protected area.

Floating breakwaters offer many advantages over fixed breakwaters. Their construction is hardly affected by the water depth and the seabed conditions. The rise in sea level caused by tidal changes and global warming also has little effect on these floating structures. The floating breakwater does not influence water circulation and has little influence on the environment. More importantly, the floating breakwater can be moved and rearranged. In addition, the floating wave dissipation structure reduces the use of reinforced concrete materials, greatly reduces the construction cost and improves the economic benefit of construction.

Therefore, how to provide a novel floating box type breakwater structure based on the requirements of deep sea water depth on the design and cost of the breakwater wave-breaking structure is a subject of intensive research needed by those skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a flotation tank formula breakwater structure, its concrete technical scheme as follows:

in one aspect, the utility model provides a pontoon type breakwater structure of constituteing by a plurality of pontoon type breakwater unit connections, the pontoon type breakwater unit includes:

the upper opening and the lower opening of the buoyancy tank are both provided with a fixing structure matched with the buoyancy tank in size, and the fixing structure is provided with a water passing hole; a blind ditch structure serving as a wave dissipation structure is filled in a space formed by the buoyancy tank and the fixed structure; connecting structures used for being connected with the adjacent buoyancy tanks are fixed on the two opposite outer side walls of the buoyancy tanks;

the anchor chains are provided with a plurality of anchor chains and are vertically connected to the periphery of the bottom of the buoyancy tank; winches are arranged on the buoyancy tank, the number and the installation positions of the winches correspond to those of the anchor chains, and one anchor chain is connected with one winch;

the caisson is of a concrete hollow structure, and the periphery of the top of the caisson is connected with one end, far away from the buoyancy tank, of the anchor chain; the top of the caisson is also provided with a filling hole;

the anti-sinking plate is fixed at the lower part of the caisson and is of a hollow structure with openings at the upper part and the lower part, the inner space of the anti-sinking plate is divided into a plurality of small spaces by a plurality of partition plates, and the plurality of small spaces and the bottom of the caisson form a plurality of compartments together; the bottom and the top of the caisson are provided with drainage and exhaust holes corresponding to each bulkhead, and the drainage and exhaust pipes penetrate through the drainage and exhaust holes corresponding to the bottom of the caisson and the top of the caisson to communicate the inside of the cabins with the outside; and a waterproof valve which can be remotely controlled is also arranged in the drainage exhaust pipe.

The utility model discloses utilize the buoyancy of flotation tank to realize from the transportation of floating, reduced construction cost, improved the efficiency of construction, adopt the multistep installation of sectional type simultaneously, be convenient for structural equipment maintenance, change and recycle.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses still can make following improvement:

preferably, the fixed structure is steel bars, wire netting or geotextile, which are all made of materials which are not easy to corrode.

Preferably, the buoyancy tank is a steel square buoyancy tank, and the connection structure is fixed on the outer side wall of the short side of the buoyancy tank, so that the buoyancy tank can quickly obtain the shielding length required by the buoyancy tank type breakwater structure through connection.

Preferably, the number of the anchor chains is four, and the four anchor chains are respectively fixed at four corners of the top of the caisson.

Preferably, the winch is located at the top end of the buoyancy tank, and the upper end of the anchor chain penetrates through the buoyancy tank cavity and winds to the top of the buoyancy tank to be connected with a hinge of the winch.

Preferably, a pulley used for reducing friction in the chain retracting process is further arranged at the cable chain passing position on the inner side of the buoyancy tank.

Preferably, the blind ditch structure is a plastic blind ditch structure.

The plastic blind ditch filling structure has the characteristics of high surface opening rate, good water collection performance, large void ratio, good drainage performance, strong pressure resistance, good flexibility, good durability, light weight and the like.

And the characteristics of the blind ditches can well disturb the movement characteristics of marine water particles, so that the blind ditches play a good role in wave elimination.

Preferably, the structural size of the buoyancy tank is determined by wave conditions, the width of the buoyancy tank is 0.2-0.4 times of the wavelength, the length of the buoyancy tank is 1-2 times of the wave width, and the height of the buoyancy tank is 1-2 times of the wave height, so that the buoyancy tank with the structural size can effectively disturb the motion track of waves, and remarkable wave elimination is realized.

Preferably, a plurality of the center of flotation tank all is in same level, in order to ensure the utility model discloses have good wave prevention and wave elimination effect.

On the other hand, the utility model also provides a construction method of flotation tank formula breakwater structure, including following step:

prefabricating the buoyancy tank, the caisson, the anti-sinking plate, the fixed structure and the connecting structure on land; a filling hole is reserved at the top of the caisson; connecting the anti-sinking plate with the bottom of the caisson to form the compartment at the bottom; drainage and exhaust holes are reserved in positions, corresponding to each compartment, of the bottom and the top of the caisson;

firstly, the fixing structure is matched and fixed on the lower opening of the buoyancy tank; then, filling the blind ditch structure above the fixed structure to be level with the upper surface of the buoyancy tank; then another fixing structure is matched and fixed with the upper opening of the buoyancy tank at the upper surface position of the blind ditch structure; the hoisting machine is arranged on the buoyancy tank, and the connecting structure is fixed on the outer side walls of the two sides of the buoyancy tank;

fixing one end of each anchor chain to the periphery of the top of the caisson respectively, and connecting the other end of each anchor chain with the winch on the upper part of the buoyancy tank respectively;

the drainage and exhaust pipe is internally connected with the drainage and exhaust holes corresponding to the bottom and the top of the caisson, and the waterproof valve capable of being remotely controlled is arranged in the drainage and exhaust pipe; the anchor chain is taken in through the winch, so that the lower surface of the buoyancy tank is attached to the upper surface of the caisson, and the buoyancy tank and the caisson are integrally hoisted and placed into water; then injecting gas into the anti-sinking plate compartment through the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank or by additionally opening the waterproof valve, so that the buoyancy tank and the caisson integrally float on the water surface;

towing one of the floating box type breakwater units installed in the first step to the fourth step to a designated design construction site through a transport ship;

pouring filler into the caisson, then loosening the anchor chain to make the caisson sink, and making the buoyancy tank float on the water surface; when the caisson sinks to the state that the anti-sinking plate is partially inserted into the seabed, remotely controlling to open the waterproof valve, discharging gas in the anti-sinking plate compartment, and accelerating the sinking of the caisson until the caisson sinks in place;

recovering the anchor chain until the anchor chain is stretched straight, and then fixing the anchor chain;

transporting the next floating box type breakwater unit adjacent to the previous floating box type breakwater unit; repeating the sinking installation process, and sinking the caisson in place; connecting two adjacent buoyancy tanks through the connecting structure;

and ninthly, continuously installing the next floating box type breakwater unit until the required shielding length is reached and then the installation is finished.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent floating box type breakwater units is controlled to be 2-4 m.

The utility model provides a floating box type breakwater structure and a construction method thereof, the floating box type breakwater structure has the advantages of a unit structure, and is convenient for installation, maintenance, replacement and recovery; the required materials can be prefabricated and the cost of the structure is lower compared to conventional fixed breakwater structures.

And simultaneously, in the transportation the utility model discloses usable structure self buoyancy reduces the transportation and consumes, and the installation is more simple and convenient, and construction speed is faster, need not large-scale hoisting equipment, synthesizes the cost and hangs down, and the income rate of return is higher.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a buoyant box breakwater unit provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of a buoyancy tank and a fixing structure thereof in the buoyancy tank type breakwater unit provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of a breakwater in the floating box breakwater unit provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is an overall combination schematic diagram of the floating box type breakwater structure provided by the present invention.

Wherein, in the figure,

1. a buoyancy tank; 2. a blind ditch structure; 3. a fixed structure; 4. an anchor chain; 5. caisson; 6. an anti-sinking plate; 7. a connecting structure; 8. a hoisting machine.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example (b):

a floating breakwater structure and a construction method thereof according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a floating box type breakwater structure, which is formed by connecting a plurality of floating box type breakwater units as shown in figure 1,

each of the pontoon-type breakwater units in turn comprises: buoyancy tanks 1, anchor chains 4, caissons 5 and anti-sinking plates 6.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the buoyancy tank 1 is a steel-made square buoyancy tank, that is, the upper and lower openings of the buoyancy tank 1 are both provided with fixing structures 3 adapted to the sizes of the two openings, the fixing structures 3 are provided with water passing holes, and corrosion-resistant materials such as steel bars, wire netting or geotextile are generally selected as the fixing structures 3.

The blind ditch structure 2 serving as a wave dissipation structure is filled in a space formed by the buoyancy tank 1 and the fixed structure 3, and the blind ditch structure 2 is a plastic blind ditch structure.

The two opposite outer side walls of the buoyancy tank 1 are fixed with connecting structures 7 used for being connected with the adjacent buoyancy tanks 1, and more preferably, the connecting structures 7 are fixed on the outer side walls of the short sides of the square buoyancy tanks 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, four connection structures 7 are arranged on the outer side wall of the short side of the square buoyancy tank 1 in pairs, the connection structures 7 are generally metal rings, and adjacent buoyancy tank type breakwater units are connected through the metal rings and steel strands.

Four anchor chains 4 are vertically connected to the four corners of the bottom of the buoyancy tank 1; the buoyancy tank 1 is provided with winches 8, the number and the installation positions of the winches 8 correspond to those of the anchor chains 4, one anchor chain 4 is connected with one winch 8, and the length of each anchor chain 4 can be adjusted through the winch 8.

Specifically, the winch 8 is located at four corners of the top end of the buoyancy tank 1, and the upper end of the anchor chain 4 penetrates through the square cavity of the buoyancy tank 1 and is connected with the hinge of the winch 8 by winding to the top of the buoyancy tank 1. Pulleys can be selectively arranged at the passing position of the anchor chain 4 inside the buoyancy tank 1 to reduce friction in the chain retracting process. During installation, the motor and the remote control device are placed on the construction ship and connected with the winch 8, so that the control of the anchor chain 4 in the installation process is realized.

The caisson 5 is of a concrete hollow structure, and four corners of the top of the caisson 5 are connected with one end of the anchor chain 4, which is far away from the buoyancy tank 1; the top of the caisson 5 is also provided with a filling hole.

The anti-sinking plate 6 can be a steel anti-sinking plate and is welded and fixed at the lower part of the caisson 5, and the anti-sinking plate 6 can also be connected with the bottom of the concrete caisson 5 in a cast-in-place or other mode. As shown in fig. 3, the anti-sinking plate 6 is a hollow structure with both open top and bottom, and its internal space is divided into a plurality of small spaces by a plurality of partition plates, and the plurality of small spaces and the bottom of the caisson 5 together form a plurality of compartments.

The bottom of the caisson 5 and the position of the top of the caisson corresponding to each bulkhead are provided with a drainage and exhaust hole, and the drainage and exhaust pipe passes through the drainage and exhaust holes corresponding to the top of the caisson 5 and the bottom of the caisson 5 and is communicated with the inside and the outside of the bulkhead. And a waterproof valve which can be remotely controlled is also arranged in the drainage exhaust pipe.

Furthermore, independent drainage, exhaust and waterproof valves are arranged in the drainage and exhaust pipes above each compartment of the anti-settling plate 6.

Furthermore, the structural size of the buoyancy tank 1 is determined by wave conditions, the width of the buoyancy tank 1 is 0.2-0.4 times of the wavelength, the length is 1-2 times of the wave width, and the height is 1-2 times of the wave height.

Further, the utility model discloses can shield the required flotation tank formula breakwater unit number of regional adjustment according to actual need.

The construction method of the floating box type breakwater structure comprises the following steps:

prefabricating a steel square buoyancy tank 1, a concrete hollow caisson 5, a steel anti-sinking plate 6, a steel fixing structure 3 and a connecting structure 7 on land; a filling hole is reserved at the top of the caisson 5; welding the anti-sinking plate 6 and the bottom of the caisson 5 to form a bulkhead at the bottom; drainage and exhaust holes are reserved in the positions, corresponding to each compartment, of the bottom and the top of the caisson 5; wherein, a steel square buoyancy tank 1, a concrete hollow caisson 5, a steel anti-sinking plate 6, a plastic blind ditch structure 2, two steel fixing structures 3, four connecting structures 7, four anchor chains 4 and four windlasses 8 are integrally formed into a group;

firstly, a fixing structure 3 is matched and fixed on a lower opening of the buoyancy tank 1; then, filling a plastic blind ditch above the fixed structure 3 to be flush with the upper surface of the buoyancy tank 1; then another fixing structure 3 is matched and fixed with the upper opening of the buoyancy tank 1 at the upper surface position of the plastic blind ditch; four winches 8 are respectively arranged at four corners of the buoyancy tank 1, and four connecting structures 7 are fixed on the outer side walls of the short edges at two sides of the buoyancy tank 1 in pairs;

fixing one ends of four anchor chains 4 at four corners of the top of the caisson 5 respectively, and enabling the other ends of the four anchor chains to pass through the square-shaped cavity of the buoyancy tank 1 by bypassing the pulleys on the inner side of the buoyancy tank 1 and be connected with the winches 8 at the four corners of the top of the buoyancy tank 1;

the drainage and exhaust pipe is connected in the drainage and exhaust hole corresponding to the bottom and the top of the caisson 5, and a waterproof valve which can be remotely controlled is arranged in the drainage and exhaust pipe; the anchor chain 4 is collected through the winch 8, so that the lower surface of the buoyancy tank 1 is attached to the upper surface of the caisson 5, and the buoyancy tank is integrally hoisted and placed into water; then gas is injected into the separation chamber of the anti-sinking plate 6 by the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank 1 or by additionally opening a waterproof valve, so that the buoyancy tank 1 and the caisson 5 integrally float on the water surface;

towing one of the installed floating box type breakwater units to a designated design construction site through a transport ship;

pouring filler such as sand, gravel or concrete into the caisson 5, and then loosening the anchor chain 4 to make the caisson 5 sink, so that the buoyancy tank 1 floats on the water surface; when the caisson 5 sinks until the part of the anti-sinking plate 6 is inserted into the seabed, remotely controlling to open the waterproof valve, discharging gas in the compartment of the anti-sinking plate 6, and accelerating the sinking of the caisson 5 until the caisson sinks in place;

seventhly, opening the winch 8, recovering the anchor chain 4 until the anchor chain is stretched straight, and then fixing the anchor chain 4;

transporting a next floating box type breakwater unit adjacent to the short edge of the previous floating box type breakwater unit; repeating the sinking installation process, and sinking the caisson 5 in place; connecting two adjacent floating boxes 1 through a connecting structure 7, and controlling the distance between two adjacent floating box type breakwater units to be 2-4 m;

and ninthly, continuously installing the next floating box type breakwater unit, as shown in figure 4, and completing the installation until the required shielding length is reached.

In the above steps, it should be noted that the concrete caisson 5 is a hollow box when prefabricated on land, and is filled with filling material when reaching a predetermined place.

The utility model discloses one of them certain breakwater unit structure of pontoon formula breakwater structure damages and does not influence the normal use of all the other structures, only needs to change one of them or several unit structure when the maintenance is changed, for traditional breakwater structure reduce the cost, is convenient for construct installation and maintenance and changes, and the atress is stable simultaneously, and the wave dissipation is respond well.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pontoon-type breakwater structure, its characterized in that comprises a plurality of pontoon-type breakwater unit connections, pontoon-type breakwater unit includes:

the water purifier comprises a floating box (1), wherein the upper opening and the lower opening of the floating box (1) are respectively provided with a fixed structure (3) with the size matched with that of the floating box, and the fixed structures (3) are provided with water passing holes; a blind ditch structure (2) serving as a wave dissipation structure is filled in a space formed by the buoyancy tank (1) and the fixed structure (3); two opposite outer side walls of the buoyancy tank (1) are fixedly provided with connecting structures (7) used for being connected with the adjacent buoyancy tank (1);

the anchor chains (4) are arranged, and the anchor chains (4) are vertically connected to the periphery of the bottom of the buoyancy tank (1); winches (8) are arranged on the buoyancy tank (1), the number and the installation positions of the winches (8) correspond to those of the anchor chains (4), and one anchor chain (4) is connected with one winch (8);

the caisson (5) is of a concrete hollow structure, and the periphery of the top of the caisson (5) is connected with one end, far away from the buoyancy tank (1), of the anchor chain (4); the top of the caisson (5) is also provided with a filling hole;

the anti-sinking plate (6) is fixed at the lower part of the caisson (5), the anti-sinking plate (6) is of a hollow structure with openings at the upper part and the lower part, the inner space of the anti-sinking plate is divided into a plurality of small spaces by a plurality of partition plates, and the plurality of small spaces and the bottom of the caisson (5) jointly form a plurality of compartments; the bottom and the top of the caisson (5) are provided with drainage and exhaust holes corresponding to each bulkhead, and the drainage and exhaust pipes penetrate through the drainage and exhaust holes corresponding to the top and the bottom of the caisson (5) and are communicated with the inside and the outside of the bays; and a waterproof valve which can be remotely controlled is also arranged in the drainage exhaust pipe.

2. The buoyant box-type breakwater structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixing structure (3) is a reinforcing bar, a wire mesh or a geotextile.

3. The buoyant box-type breakwater structure according to claim 1, wherein the buoyant box (1) is a steel box-shaped buoyant box, and the connecting structure (7) is fixed on the outer side wall of the short side of the buoyant box (1).

4. The buoyant box type breakwater structure according to claim 1, wherein four anchor chains (4) are provided, and the four anchor chains (4) are respectively fixed at four corners of the top of the caisson (5).

5. The pontoon type breakwater structure as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the hoisting machine (8) is located at the top end of the pontoon (1), and the upper end of the anchor chain (4) passes through the chamber of the pontoon (1) and is connected to the hinge of the hoisting machine (8) around the top of the pontoon (1).

6. The pontoon type breakwater structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inside of the pontoon (1) where the anchor chains (4) pass is further provided with pulleys for reducing friction during chain retraction.

7. A buoyant box breakwater structure according to claim 1, wherein the blind ditch structure (2) is a plastic blind ditch structure.

8. The pontoon type breakwater structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structural dimensions of the pontoon (1) are determined by wave conditions, the width of the pontoon (1) being 0.2-0.4 times the wavelength, the length being 1-2 times the wave width, and the height being 1-2 times the wave height.

9. The buoyant box-type breakwater structure according to claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent two of the buoyant box-type breakwater units is controlled to be 2 to 4 m.