CN117107704A - Assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves - Google Patents
Assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN117107704A CN117107704A CN202311249974.9A CN202311249974A CN117107704A CN 117107704 A CN117107704 A CN 117107704A CN 202311249974 A CN202311249974 A CN 202311249974A CN 117107704 A CN117107704 A CN 117107704A
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
- E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting grid wave elimination, which comprises a plurality of pile foundations, a plurality of cross beams, a plurality of first wave elimination grids and a plurality of second wave elimination grids, wherein the cross beams are fixed at the tops of the pile foundations at intervals, the plurality of first wave elimination grids are fixedly paved on a connecting frame, and the plurality of second wave elimination grids are fixedly arranged on the connecting frame; the connecting frame is fixed on the cross beam, the first wave-dissipating grids are spliced into a whole with an inclined wave-dissipating slope, the second wave-dissipating grids are spliced side by side into a whole with a vertical wave-dissipating surface, and the first wave-dissipating grids and the second wave-dissipating grids are panels with porous structures on the surfaces. The invention has the beneficial effects that the slope type wave-dissipating grid and the vertical wave-dissipating grid are comprehensively utilized to dissipate waves, and the phase difference between the slope type wave-dissipating grid and the vertical wave-dissipating grid is utilized to form secondary wave dissipation, so that the air permeability and the wave dissipation effect of the structure are improved, the wave-dissipating grid plates are connected through the space frame structure to form an assembled wave-dissipating breakwater structure, the stress state of the structure is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological protection in ocean engineering and water transport engineering, and particularly relates to an assembled permeable breakwater structure adopting a grid to dissipate waves.
Background
With the release of the notification about the strict management and control of the reclamation of the coastal wetland protection in 2018, various policies are sequentially introduced, the sea is required to be strictly controlled, the land reclamation is strictly limited, and simultaneously, the higher ecological environment protection requirements are also provided for newly built offshore structures. The method has the advantages that the influence on marine ecology is reduced by effective measures in the port engineering production and construction activities, the flow and exchange of marine water bodies are guaranteed, the permeable structure type is selected, the water permeable part in the longitudinal section of the structure is required to occupy more than 70%, and the method is challenging to the conventional fixed breakwater structure.
The conventional fixed breakwater structure mainly depends on the reflection of a solid structure on waves to realize the shielding of an area in the breakwater, and comprises traditional structural forms such as a slope breakwater, an upright breakwater and the like and novel structures such as a semicircle, a large cylinder, a box cylinder and the like. Pile foundation fixed breakwater structure has certain air permeability, but this type of structure also relies on the entity baffle to reflect the wave more, and the air permeability is not enough in the region that the depth of water is relatively less. With the development of new energy sources such as offshore photovoltaics, the construction requirements of the permeable breakwater in the shallow water area are increasing. The air permeability of the structure is increased by means of holes and the like, and the wave eliminating effect of the breakwater is greatly reduced for the breakwater structure taking wave reflection as the wave eliminating principle. Therefore, how to improve the structural air permeability while ensuring the efficiency effect is a great difficulty in the current design.
The patent number is CN106320264A, a pile foundation permeable breakwater with a power generation function integrates wave prevention, wave prevention and wave energy power generation, an air chamber formed by a front wall, a top plate and a rear wall is used as a wave blocking main body, the front wall stretches deep into water to block waves, the wave blocking is reflected by a solid retaining wall when a wave crest passes, a fence plate type wave blocking plate is arranged below the rear wall when the wave trough passes, the wave blocking and wave dissipating effect is further improved, and the aperture ratio of the fence plate is 20% -40%. The wave blocking main body is of a solid structure, and the problem that the air permeability is not satisfied under the condition of small relative water depth exists. Its advantages are high consumption of solid wall material and high cost.
Patent number is CN208701607U, a pile foundation transparent breakwater has proposed a breakwater that can satisfy the current demand of ship, and two wave-proof board groups keep off unrestrained through wave propagation direction's front and back, and the wave-proof board group includes 4 layers trompil baffles, staggered arrangement around the trompil position, and the longitudinal section is equivalent to entity baffle. The wave-proof plate group is fixed on a solid bearing platform, and an upright solid wave-break wall is arranged on the bearing platform. The breakwater integrally utilizes the solid retaining wall to reflect the wave. The wave-proof plate group comprises 4 layers of perforated baffles, the perforated positions are staggered front and back, the longitudinal section is equivalent to a solid baffle, the problem that the requirements are not met under the condition of small relative water depth exists, the structural scheme is complex, the material consumption is large, the construction is complex, and the engineering cost is high.
Patent number is CN216379368U, a pile foundation permeable breakwater, has proposed a breakwater structure that upper portion semicircle body and lower baffle combine, and upper portion semicircle body aperture ratio is 5%, and lower part face baffle is trompil arc structure, and the aperture ratio is 10% -30%, and lower part back wave side baffle is solid structure. The semicircular body with the upper opening is used for blocking waves by using the arc-shaped wave blocking surface part, and the wave energy dissipation chamber is formed by the opening and the inner cavity. The lower waves enter the energy dissipation chamber formed by the front baffle and the rear baffle through the openings of the wave-facing side baffle to dissipate waves. The defect is that the overall air permeability of the upper semicircular body and the lower back wave side solid baffle is very low, the open pore is mainly used for energy dissipation of wave water body entering the energy dissipation chamber, the problem that the requirements are not met under the condition of small relative water depth exists, the consumption of structural materials is large, and the engineering cost is high. How to further increase the air permeability until the requirements of the permeable structure are met.
The patent number is CN105200957A, the pi-shaped pile foundation permeable breakwater with the arc plates comprises the arc plates, the web plates and the bottom plate, and the opening rates of the arc plates and the web plates are 5% and 15% -35% respectively. The breakwater utilizes the energy dissipation chamber formed by the components to dissipate waves. The defect is that the aperture ratio of the web plate is 15-35 percent which is increased relative to the aperture ratio of the three structures, but the longitudinal section projection effect of the arc top plate is comprehensively considered, and the air permeability is still insufficient. The structure has only set up the unrestrained structure of fender on roof beam upper portion, in order to satisfy the unrestrained demand of fender, the unrestrained structure of pi formula fender and crossbeam need wholly submergence in water, and this leads to the connected node between upper portion prefabricated component and the pile foundation to be located under water on the one hand, greatly increased the construction degree of difficulty and the construction cost of structure, on the other hand also make the whole material quantity increase of structure, increased engineering cost.
In addition to the above problems, the structures of the above patents are complex in form and difficult to implement in practice. In addition, the wave blocking surface is mainly a straight solid, wave force directly acts on the vertical structure to form a bending effect on the cantilever structure, so that the internal force of the bending moment of the pile foundation at the lower part is very large, the pile diameter and the pile number are required to be increased to adapt to the larger cantilever bending moment, and the engineering cost is directly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing an assembled permeable breakwater structure adopting a grid to dissipate waves, which can meet the requirement of permeable structure permeability, ensure the structure wave dissipation effect and overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an assembled type open breakwater structure that adopts grid to disappear unrestrained, includes a plurality of pile foundations, many crossbeams, the first unrestrained grid of polylith and the unrestrained grid of polylith that disappears, the lower part of pile foundation can insert and be fixed in under the former mud face of submarine, the crossbeam interval is fixed in pile foundation top, the pile foundation forms the support to the crossbeam, the polylith first unrestrained grid spread is fixed in on the linking frame, form a prefabricated whole with the linking frame, the polylith the unrestrained grid of second disappears is fixed in on the linking frame; the connecting frame is fixed on the cross beam, the connecting frame is fixed on the top of the pile foundation through the cross beam, the first wave-dissipating grid is spliced on the cross beam to form a whole with one or two inclined wave-dissipating slopes, the second wave-dissipating grids are fixed below the cross beam, the second wave-dissipating grids are spliced side by side to form a whole with vertical wave-dissipating surfaces, and the first wave-dissipating grid and the second wave-dissipating grid are panels with surfaces provided with porous structures.
Optionally, the hole area of the hole on one surface of the panel is larger than the hole area of the hole on the other surface of the panel, wherein the rectangular hole on the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface is larger than the hole area of the lower surface of the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface.
Optionally, the hole is a rectangular hole, and the section of the rectangular hole is trapezoidal.
Optionally, the long side of the rectangular hole on the inclined wave-eliminating slope surface is consistent with the flow direction of the wave on the inclined wave-eliminating slope surface.
Optionally, a plurality of the first wave-dissipating grids are spliced into a whole with two symmetrically distributed inclined wave-dissipating slopes.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: by adopting the technical scheme, the slope type wave-dissipating grid and the vertical wave-dissipating grid are comprehensively utilized to dissipate waves, and the phase difference between the slope type wave-dissipating grid and the vertical wave-dissipating grid is utilized to form secondary wave dissipation, so that the air permeability and the wave dissipation effect of the structure are improved, the wave-dissipating grid plates are connected through the space frame structure, an assembled wave-dissipating breakwater structure is formed, the stress state of the structure is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of FIGS. 1 and 2;
in the figure: 1. a first wave-attenuating grid; 2. a second wave-attenuating grid; 3. a connection frame; 4. a cross beam; 5. pile foundation; 6. raw mud flour.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication between the two parts. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the invention provides an assembled permeable breakwater structure adopting grid wave elimination, which comprises a plurality of pile foundations 5, a plurality of beams 4 cast in place, a plurality of first wave elimination grids 1 and a plurality of second wave elimination grids 2, wherein the lower parts of the pile foundations 5 are inserted and fixed below a raw mud surface 6 at the water bottom, the beams 4 are fixed at intervals at the top of a pile 5 foundation, the pile foundations 5 support the beams 4, the first wave elimination grids 1 are fixedly paved on a connecting frame 3, the first wave elimination grids 1 and the connecting frame 3 form a prefabricated whole, the second wave elimination grids 2 are fixedly arranged on the connecting frame 3, the second wave elimination grids 2 can be independently arranged and can also be prefabricated and connected with the connecting frame 3, the prefabricated whole is fixed at the top of the pile foundations 5 through the beams 4 cast in place, the first wave elimination grids 1 are spliced on the beams 4 to form wave elimination units with an inclined wave elimination surface, the second wave elimination grids 2 are spliced side by side below the beams 4 to form wave elimination units with vertical wave elimination surfaces, the first wave elimination grids 1 and the second wave elimination grids 2 are also provided with rectangular or square wave elimination grids with different cross sections, and the first wave elimination grids 1 and the second wave elimination grids 2 are provided with different cross sections, and have different cross sections. The holes on the grid can be set as holes with uniform inner wall sizes, and also can be set as holes with different inner wall sizes, wherein the hole area of one surface of the grid is larger than the hole area of the other surface of the grid, and the rectangular holes selected in the embodiment are rectangular holes with different inner wall sizes, the section of each rectangular hole is trapezoid, and the rectangular holes are positioned on the upper surface of the inclined wave-dissipating slope and have larger hole areas. The inner wall of the hole is set to be different in size, so that the resistance of waves passing through the hole can be further increased, and the effect of enhancing the wave-dissipating effect is achieved.
In the structure, rectangular holes on the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface are drilled along the wave propagation direction, the size and the distance of the rectangular holes are comprehensively determined according to the air permeability, the wave-dissipating effect, the structural strength requirement and the like, and the wave-dissipating effect through a wave physical model test is generally adopted for determining all parameters. The wave eliminating unit with the inclined wave eliminating slope surface and the wave eliminating unit with the vertical wave eliminating surface and the second wave eliminating grid 1 are fixed on the connecting frame 3 to form an assembled wave eliminating main body with the grid wave eliminating assembled type hollow wave preventing dike structure, the wave eliminating main body is fixed on the lower pile foundation 5 through the cross beam 4, and the pile foundation 5 is arranged and comprehensively determined according to design conditions and application requirements.
The pile foundation 5 may be reinforced concrete, steel structure or high-strength rechecking material. The rest part can be made of reinforced concrete and high-strength rechecking material. When the rest part adopts a reinforced concrete structure, the wave-eliminating main body is integrally prefabricated and installed, and the cross beam 4 is cast-in-situ reinforced concrete. When the rest is high-strength rechecking material, the wave-dissipating main body, the cross beam 4 and the pile foundation 5 can be connected by adopting the modes of socket joint cementing and the like.
The wave eliminating principle of the structure is as follows: (1) In the wave propagation process, when the wave crest surface reaches the breakwater structure, the first wave-dissipating grid plate 1 with the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface adopts the slope dike wave-dissipating principle, so that a wave body is guided to climb towards the breakwater dike along the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface to prevent the wave from propagating forwards, part of the water body falls through rectangular holes on the first wave-dissipating grid 1 in the climbing process, wave energy is further reduced after the falling water body dissipates energy through the first wave-dissipating grid, and impact is generated between the falling water body and the water body below the still water to further reduce energy; (2) In the wave propagation process, when the trough surface reaches the breakwater structure, the lower second wave-dissipating grid plate 2 dissipates waves by utilizing rectangular holes on the grid plate; (3) The rectangular holes with the trapezoid cross section form a channel with a narrowed width, so that the wave eliminating effect of the wave eliminating grid is further improved.
The second embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly that the wave-dissipating main body has two symmetrical inclined wave-dissipating slopes.
Compared with the prior art, the assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting the grating to dissipate waves has the following advantages:
(1) The invention adopts the grid type wave-eliminating structure to realize the wave-eliminating function of the breakwater, has high self-air permeability, and can still meet the requirements of a watertight structure under the condition of smaller relative water depth;
(2) The invention integrates the slope dike, the wave-eliminating grille and the pile foundation permeable breakwater wave-eliminating principle, ensures the wave-eliminating effect of the structure on the premise of high permeability, reduces the material consumption and reduces the engineering cost;
(3) The inclined wave-eliminating grid is adopted, so that horizontal wave force is converted into load vertical to the inclined wave-eliminating surface, a part of wave force is converted into favorable stabilizing effect, the bending effect of waves on a lower pile foundation is reduced, the structural stress state is improved, and the construction cost is reduced;
(4) The wave-eliminating grille is connected by adopting a full-open type connecting frame, so that the problem of low structural air permeability caused by the traditional structure in a connecting mode of a bearing plate or an open-pore wall body is avoided, the material consumption is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced;
(5) The structure adopts an integral prefabricated installation construction mode, the structure assembly rate is high, the construction process is simple, and the construction speed is high.
The foregoing describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting a grid to dissipate waves is characterized in that: the pile foundation comprises a plurality of pile foundations, a plurality of cross beams, a plurality of first wave-dissipating grids and a plurality of second wave-dissipating grids, wherein the lower part of the pile foundations can be inserted and fixed below the original mud surface at the water bottom, the cross beams are fixed at intervals at the top of the pile foundations, the pile foundations support the cross beams, the plurality of first wave-dissipating grids are paved and fixed on a connecting frame and form a prefabricated whole with the connecting frame, and the plurality of second wave-dissipating grids are fixed on the connecting frame; the connecting frame is fixed on the cross beam, the connecting frame is fixed on the top of the pile foundation through the cross beam, the first wave-dissipating grid is spliced on the cross beam to form a whole with one or two inclined wave-dissipating slopes, the second wave-dissipating grids are fixed below the cross beam, the second wave-dissipating grids are spliced side by side to form a whole with vertical wave-dissipating surfaces, and the first wave-dissipating grid and the second wave-dissipating grid are panels with surfaces provided with porous structures.
2. The assembled permeable breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hole area of the hole on one face of the panel is larger than the hole area of the hole on the other face of the panel, wherein the rectangular hole on the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface is larger than the hole area of the rectangular hole on the upper surface of the inclined wave-dissipating slope surface.
3. The assembled permeable breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the holes are rectangular holes, and the cross section of each rectangular hole is trapezoidal.
4. A fabricated penetrating jetty structure employing grating wave attenuation according to claim 3, wherein: the long side of the rectangular hole on the inclined wave-eliminating slope surface is consistent with the flow direction of the wave on the inclined wave-eliminating slope surface.
5. The fabricated penetrating wave bank structure employing grating for wave elimination according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and a plurality of first wave-dissipating grids are spliced into a whole with two symmetrically distributed inclined wave-dissipating slopes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311249974.9A CN117107704A (en) | 2023-09-26 | 2023-09-26 | Assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311249974.9A CN117107704A (en) | 2023-09-26 | 2023-09-26 | Assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves |
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| CN117107704A true CN117107704A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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| CN202311249974.9A Pending CN117107704A (en) | 2023-09-26 | 2023-09-26 | Assembled type transparent breakwater structure adopting grating to dissipate waves |
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- 2023-09-26 CN CN202311249974.9A patent/CN117107704A/en active Pending
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