JP2835192B2 - Greenhouse environmental control equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[Object of the Invention]

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greenhouse environment control device.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art A general structure of a greenhouse environment control device is as shown in FIG. That is, 1 is a greenhouse,
A ventilation window 2, a ventilation fan 3, a heater 4, a carbon dioxide applicator 5, and a heat insulation curtain 6 are provided, and a temperature sensor 7, a humidity sensor 8, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 9 as environmental measurement means, and a wind direction and a wind speed A total of 10, a pyranometer 11, and an outside temperature and humidity meter 12 are provided. A controller 13 is provided as an environment control device.
The sensor signal 14 is input from various sensor groups, and a control signal 15 is output to various control devices so that the environment in the greenhouse changes to a set value input by a user in advance,
The environment in the greenhouse is controlled.

In general, in a greenhouse, when the ventilation window 2 is closed, water vapor in the greenhouse condenses on the surface of the plant in the evening when the room temperature rapidly decreases or in the early morning when the room temperature rapidly increases because of the hermetic structure. Condensation occurs, and the moisture of the condensation often becomes a source of disease and causes harm to plants.

[0005] In order to prevent such dew condensation on the surface of the plant, it is effective to actively heat the plant while ventilating it.
No. 4 discloses this.

In this conventional method, the heating start temperature is set to be higher than the ventilation start temperature in a specific time zone during the day when dew condensation is likely to occur in the greenhouse due to a decrease in the outside air temperature, and the room temperature is kept at a constant value. In this case, ventilation and heating are simultaneously started in the above time period.

FIG . 8 shows an example of the program setting of the heating start temperature Ts and the ventilation start temperature Tv according to the conventional method. The horizontal axis takes 24 hours a day, and the heating start temperature Ts and the ventilation start temperature are set. The temperature Tv is shown on the vertical axis. And as can be seen particularly from this program setting graph, only in the period t1 to t2 from 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm, the heating start temperature is set to be higher than the ventilation start temperature, and ventilation is performed while performing ventilation during this period. Heating was possible. However, actual ventilation and heating are not performed unless the relative humidity in the greenhouse is 85% or more.

[0008]

However, in such a conventional greenhouse environment control apparatus, only the heating start temperature is set higher than the ventilation start temperature, and no special algorithm is added to the ventilation method. The user must change the set value in advance because ventilation and heating are performed in advance, and it is not possible to automatically cope with a sudden rise in humidity or an unexpected rise. was there.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem. Even if the set value is not changed in advance, when the humidity becomes high, heating is automatically started.
An object of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse environment control device capable of reliably preventing dew condensation.

[Structure of the Invention]

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided an environmental control apparatus for a greenhouse, comprising: a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor for measuring the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse; and a dew point based on the temperature and humidity values measured by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. Dew point calculating means for calculating;
Storage means for storing a heating start temperature for each time zone of the day, and a comparison means for reading the corresponding current heating start temperature from the storage means and comparing with the dew point temperature calculated by the dew point calculation means, From the comparison result of the comparing means, when the heating start temperature is not higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more, the heating start temperature adjusting means for replacing the heating start temperature with a temperature higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more; and A heating control unit that compares the heating start temperature instructed by the temperature adjustment unit with the room temperature measured by the temperature sensor and starts room heating when the room temperature decreases to the heating start temperature.

Further, the present invention further comprises ventilation control means for opening and closing the ventilation window to ventilate the indoor air, so that when the heating is started by replacing the heating start temperature with a temperature higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more. The ventilation control means may open the ventilation window.

Further, the present invention further comprises a heat-insulating-curtain control means for opening and closing a heat-insulating curtain for preventing the divergence of indoor air, thereby replacing the heating start temperature with a temperature higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more. When heating is started, the heat insulation curtain control means may open the heat insulation curtain.

[0014]

In the greenhouse environment control apparatus according to the present invention, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor each measure the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, the dew point calculation means calculates the dew point from the current humidity value, and the comparison means stores the dew point in advance. The heating start temperature in each time zone of the day stored in the means is compared with the dew point temperature. From the comparison result of the comparing means, if the heating start temperature is not higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more, the heating start temperature The adjusting means adjusts the heating start temperature so as to replace the heating start temperature with a temperature higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more.

[0015] The heating control means compares the heating start temperature instructed by the heating start temperature adjusting means with the room temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and starts the indoor heating when the room temperature falls to the heating start temperature. So that condensation does not occur even if the humidity rises sharply.

Further, by starting or closing the heating, the ventilation window is opened and closed by the ventilation control means, or simultaneously with the opening and closing of the heat insulation curtain by the heat insulation curtain control means, so that dew condensation can be prevented more reliably. It can be.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

The overall configuration of the greenhouse environment control device of this embodiment is the same as the general configuration described in the conventional example. In the greenhouse 1, a ventilation window 2 can be automatically opened and closed on the ceiling and side walls. The ventilation fan 3 allows forced ventilation. In addition, heater 4 for indoor heating
And a carbon dioxide applicator 5 for supplying carbon dioxide necessary for growing plants. The insulation curtain 6 for thermal insulation is provided in the ceiling portion, a group of sensors for monitoring the indoor environment, the temperature sensor 7, the humidity Se
A sensor 8 and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 9 are provided. In addition, to monitor the external environment,
A pyranometer 11 and a thermo-hygrometer 12 are provided outside the room.

A controller 13 is provided for controlling the environment in the greenhouse 1. The controller 13 takes in sensor signals 14 from various sensor groups and performs arithmetic processing to determine the greenhouse environment by the type of plant, its growth stage, season, and weather. , Control amounts of various devices necessary for appropriateness corresponding to other elements are obtained, and control signals are sent to the ventilation window 2, the ventilation fan 3, the heater 4, the carbon dioxide applicator 5, and the heat insulation curtain 6. Output and control the environment.

The detailed internal structure of the controller 13 is shown in FIG.

The controller 13 is composed of a small-sized computer, has an input control unit 16, and has sensor signals 14a from the temperature sensor 7, humidity sensor 8 and carbon dioxide concentration sensor 9 in the greenhouse 1, respectively. Sensor signals 14b from wind direction anemometer 10, pyranometer 11, and temperature / humidity meter 12 outside greenhouse 1, furthermore, on / off state signal of ventilation fan 3, on / off state signal of heater 4, on / off state signal of carbon dioxide applicator 5 In addition, input control of an input signal such as a state signal 14c of a control device such as an open / closed state signal of the ventilation window 2 and the heat insulation curtain 6 is performed.

The controller 13 further stores a data table such as a heating start temperature table in each time zone of the day, a table showing a relationship between the humidity value and the dew point temperature, a table representing a state diagram, and input data . A storage unit 17 for storing a control calculation program; a dew point calculation unit 18 for obtaining a dew point temperature Tf from a humidity input value at the current time with reference to a data table stored in the storage unit 17;
Comparing unit 19 the heating start temperature Ts and the dew point calculation unit 18 in the current time zone determined from the heating start temperature table stored therein is compared with the dew point temperature Tf obtained in 7, the comparison unit 19
Comparison of the results of, the heating starting at the current time zone temperature Ts forcibly dew point temperature of the heating start temperature Ts when is lower than the temperature Tf + alpha obtained by adding a predetermined temperature alpha dew point temperature Tf Tf +
A heating start temperature adjustment unit 20 that adjusts to α is provided.

Further, a heating control unit 21 for controlling the operation of the heater 4, a ventilation control unit 22 for opening and closing the ventilation window 2 and for controlling the drive of the ventilation fan 3, and a thermal insulation curtain control unit 23 for controlling the opening and closing of the thermal insulation curtain 6. And a display 2
4. An input keyboard 25 is provided.

Although the controller 13 is a small-sized computer and has many more components, FIG. 1 shows only a portion related to the embodiment of the present invention.

Next, the operation of the greenhouse environment control device having the above configuration will be described.

When input signals 14 a to 14 c are input to the controller 13 from various sensors and control devices, these are periodically input-controlled by the input control unit 16 and stored in the storage unit 17. Then, the dew point calculating unit 18 periodically obtains the dew point temperature Tf from the current humidity value with reference to a data table stored in the storage unit 17 in advance, and supplies the dew point temperature Tf to the comparing unit 19.

The comparison unit 19 periodically obtains the heating start temperature Ts in the current time zone by referring to the heating start temperature data table in the storage unit 17, and obtains the dew point temperature Ts from the dew point calculation unit 18.
It is determined whether or not the heating start temperature Ts is higher than a temperature Tf + α obtained by adding a predetermined temperature α to the dew point temperature Tf in comparison with f.

In the heating start temperature adjusting section 20, the comparing section 19
If it is determined from the comparison result in that the heating start temperature Ts in the current time zone stored in the storage unit 17 is lower than the dew point temperature Tf + α, the dew point temperature Tf + α is newly set as the heating start temperature Ts, In other cases, the heating start temperature is adjusted so that the normal heating start temperature in the current time zone is set as the heating start temperature Ts.

Then, the heating control unit 21 compares the heating start temperature Ts obtained by the heating start temperature adjustment unit 20 with the current room temperature Tr, and compares the current room temperature with the heating start temperature Ts.
If it is lower than the lower limit, the control signal for starting the operation of the heater 4 is transmitted via the output controller 26 to the heater 4.
And heating of the greenhouse 1 is started so as to prevent condensation on the plants.

At this time, if it is necessary to further prevent dew condensation, if the ventilation window 2 is closed and the ventilation fan 3 is stopped, the ventilation control unit 22
Opens the ventilation window 2, and outputs a ventilation control signal for driving the ventilation fan 3 to the ventilation window 2 and the ventilation fan 3 via the output control unit 26 when the room temperature is not sufficiently reduced only by opening the ventilation window 2, Ventilation and heating can be performed.

If it is necessary to open the heat retaining curtain 6 in order to more effectively perform ventilation, a control signal for opening the heat retaining curtain 6 is transmitted from the heat retaining curtain control unit 23 to the heat retaining curtain 6 via the output control unit 26. You can also output.

Next, an algorithm for heating for preventing condensation will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIG.

As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, when the heating start temperature Ts in the current time zone is lower than the dew point temperature Tf + α (step S1), the dew point temperature Tf + α is set as the heating start temperature Ts (step S2). Then, the ventilation / heating flag is turned on (step S3).

Next, the current room temperature Tr is compared with the heating start temperature Ts (step S4). If the room temperature Tr is lower than the heating start temperature Ts, the operation of the heater 4 is stopped. Start (step S5).

Next, the algorithm for determining the operation start conditions at the time of ventilation and heating of the ventilation window and the heat retaining curtain is as shown in the flowchart of FIG. That is, it is first determined whether or not the ventilation / heating flag is on (step S11), then, it is determined whether or not the heater 4 is operating (step S12).
Is in the fully closed state (step S13),
Further, it is determined whether or not the heat retaining curtain 6 is in the fully closed state (step S14), and if all of these conditions are satisfied, the ventilation / heating start flag is turned on (step S1).
5).

Next, an algorithm for controlling the opening and closing of the ventilation window 2 during ventilation and heating will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, it is determined whether or not the ventilation / heating start flag is turned on (step S21). If the ventilation / heating start flag is on, the ventilation window 2 is opened to the ventilation / heating target opening (step S22). If the ventilation opening is reached, the opening / closing of the ventilation window 2 is prohibited, and the air in the greenhouse 1 is opened. Is made possible (step S23).

Next, it is determined whether or not the heat-insulating curtain 6 is opened to the target opening for ventilation and heating (step S24). If it is not open, the heat-insulating curtain 6 is opened to the target opening according to an opening / closing algorithm of the heat-insulating curtain 6 described later. (Step S24), and then the opening and closing of the ventilation window 2 and the heat insulation curtain 6 are prohibited for a certain period of time (step S25).

In this way, the heating is performed while the ventilation window 2 and the heat insulation curtain 6 are opened, and when the room temperature becomes lower than the heating start temperature Ts, there is a possibility that dew condensation may occur. Therefore, the ventilation window 2 is closed and the opening and closing thereof are prohibited. (Step S26)
-Step S29). In addition, it waits for the heat insulation curtain 6 to be closed to keep the inside of the greenhouse 1 closed (step S30), and then prohibits the opening and closing of the ventilation window 2 and the heat insulation curtain 6 for a certain period of time, and waits for the room temperature to rise (step S31). ).

Thereafter, the process proceeds to a normal opening / closing routine, and this process ends (step S32).

Next, the thermal insulation curtain 6 during ventilation and heating
The open / close control algorithm will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, it is determined whether or not the ventilation / heating start flag is on (step S41). If the flag is on, the heat retaining curtain 6 is opened to the target opening, and after reaching the target opening, the heat retaining curtain 6 is turned off. Opening / closing is prohibited and the fully opened state is maintained (steps S42, S43).

Next, the system waits for the ventilation window 2 to be fully opened (step S44). When the ventilation window 2 is fully opened according to the algorithm shown in FIG. 4, the ventilation window 2 and the heat insulation curtain 6 are opened and closed for a certain period of time. It prohibits and continues ventilation heating (step S45).

Thereafter, if a certain time has elapsed, the routine proceeds to a normal opening / closing routine. If the closing time of the heat retaining curtain 6 has arrived, the closing operation of the heat retaining curtain 6 is started to bring it into the fully closed state (steps S46 to S49). .

Thereafter, the system waits for the ventilation window 2 to be fully closed (step S50), prohibits the opening / closing operation of the ventilation window 2 and the heat-insulating curtain 6 for a certain time (step S51), and after a certain time elapses. If it is, the process proceeds to a normal opening / closing routine (step S52).

In accordance with the above algorithm, in order to prevent dew condensation, heating is started when the room temperature decreases to a temperature higher than the dew point Tf by the set temperature α, and at the same time, ventilation and heating are performed as necessary to ensure reliable heating. This prevents condensation.

[0047] Figure 6 shows a timing chart of the above algorithm, curve A represents the opening transition ventilation window 2, the curve B shows the opening transition of insulation curtain 6.

First, at time τ0, the ventilation window 2 by ventilation heating
When the opening of the ventilation window 2 reaches the set opening for ventilation and heating at time τ1, the ventilation window is opened until the time τ2 when the curtain 6 reaches the set opening for ventilation and heating. 2, the opening / closing prohibition command is output, and the opening of the ventilation window 2 is maintained at the ventilation / heating opening during the period of τ1 to τ2.

At time τ2, the ventilation window 2 and the thermal curtain 6
Both reach the target opening, a command to prohibit the opening and closing of the ventilation window 2 and the heat retaining curtain 6 is given during the next period τ2 to τ3, and both are maintained at the set opening for a certain period of time.

Next, when the opening / closing prohibition is released at the time τ3, the opening degree of the ventilation window 2 and the thermal insulation curtain 6 decreases, and at the time τ4, the ventilation window 2 is fully closed and the thermal insulation curtain 6 is fully closed. Opening and closing of the ventilation window 2 is prohibited until time τ5. Then, heat insulating curtain 6 is after the time τ5 became fully closed, opening and closing of the ventilation windows 2 and kept curtain 6 to the time point τ6 is prohibited together, it is held in the fully closed state.

Thereafter, returning to the normal state, and if the ventilation / heating flag is turned on, the ventilation / heating control operation from τ0 is repeated.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the above embodiment, an embodiment in which ventilation and heating are always performed has been described. However, if the humidity is not so high, the ventilation and heating are not necessarily performed. When the heating start temperature Ts in the current time zone simply falls below the dew point temperature Tf + α, the heating monitoring temperature Ts is adjusted to a new Tf + α, and the room temperature is changed to the heating start temperature Ts.
In the following case, it is only necessary to operate the heater 4 to start heating.

The set temperature α to be added to the dew point temperature Tf
Is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the sensitivity of the sensor and the characteristics of the control system.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, the heating start temperature in the current time zone, which varies depending on the time zone of the day in the greenhouse, is more than the dew point temperature obtained from the current humidity value. If the temperature is not higher than the temperature, the dew point temperature Tf + the predetermined set temperature α is newly set as the heating start temperature,
Since the heating operation is started when the room temperature falls below this temperature, heating can be started earlier even in the evening time when dew condensation is likely to occur due to the sudden drop in outside air temperature. It is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of dew condensation, and to promote the smooth growth of plants.

Further, since ventilation and heating are enabled,
The occurrence of dew condensation can be more reliably prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a heating operation control algorithm according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an algorithm of the embodiment for determining whether ventilation and heating is necessary.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an algorithm for controlling the opening and closing of a ventilation window during ventilation and heating in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an opening / closing control algorithm of a heat retaining curtain during ventilation and heating in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the ventilation and heating of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a general greenhouse environment control device.

FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing heating control characteristics of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Greenhouse 2 ... Ventilation window 3 ... Ventilation fan 4 ... Heater 5 ... Carbon dioxide applicator 6 ... Heat insulation curtain 7 ... Temperature sensor 8 ... Humidity sensor 9 ... Carbon dioxide gas concentration sensor 10 ... Wind anemometer 11 ... Pyranometer 12 ... Temperature Hygrometer 13 Controller 14 Sensor input signal 15 Control signal 16 Input control unit 17 Storage unit 18 Dew point calculation unit 19 Comparison unit 20 Heating start temperature adjustment unit 21 Heating control unit 22 Ventilation control unit 23 … Insulation curtain controller 26… Output controller

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor for measuring the temperature and humidity in a greenhouse, a dew point calculating means for calculating a dew point from temperature and humidity values measured by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, and for each time period of the day. Storage means for storing the heating start temperature of the storage means, read the corresponding current heating start temperature from the storage means, a comparison means for comparing with the dew point temperature calculated by the dew point calculation means, from the comparison result of the comparison means A heating start temperature adjustment unit that replaces the heating start temperature with a temperature higher than the dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more as the heating start temperature when the heating start temperature is not higher than a dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more;
A greenhouse comprising: a heating control unit that compares a heating start temperature instructed by the heating start temperature adjustment unit with an indoor temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and starts indoor heating when the indoor temperature decreases to the heating start temperature. Environmental control equipment. 2. The greenhouse environment control device according to claim 1, further comprising ventilation control means for opening and closing a ventilation window to ventilate room air, wherein the heating start temperature is higher than a dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more. When you start heating by replacing
The greenhouse environment control device, wherein the ventilation control means opens a ventilation window. 3. The greenhouse environment control device according to claim 2,
And a heating curtain control means for opening and closing a heating curtain for preventing the divergence of indoor air, wherein the heating curtain is replaced with a temperature higher than a dew point temperature by a predetermined value or more and the heating curtain is started when the heating is started. greenhouse environment control device controlling means, characterized in that opening the insulation curtain.