JP2007224642A - Underfloor system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an underfloor system preventing dew condensation under the floor of a foundation heat-insulated house of sealed underfloor structure. <P>SOLUTION: In the underfloor system preventing dew condensation under the floor, a control device 24c computes the relative humidity of underfloor air causing dew condensation when the air of temperature detected by an underfloor air temperature detecting part 26 is cooled to a temperature detected by an underfloor foundation temperature detecting part 25, and operates a dehumidifier 21 when humidity detected by an underfloor relative humidity detecting part 22 is higher than the computed humidity used as a reference. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an underfloor system that is used under the floor of a house with basic insulation and prevents condensation under the floor.

  Conventionally, underfloor ventilation fans have been installed as a means for preventing condensation under the floor of a typical detached house.

  This is to take in warm outside air during the day from a part of the ventilation opening provided at the important point of the fabric base under the floor and exhaust it from the other ventilation opening. There is a risk of damp outside air.

  In order to avoid these problems, for example, the underfloor dehumidifiers shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an outside air that is detected by an outside air temperature detecting means and an outside air relative humidity detecting means as an operation mode (dehumidifying, ventilating, and stopping) of an underfloor dehumidifying apparatus having a dehumidifying means and a ventilation means provided at a ventilation opening under the floor. Depending on the temperature or relative humidity, it is used properly.

  For example, the dehumidifying operation is performed when the relative humidity of the outside air in summer when the temperature is high is 70% or more, and the ventilation operation is performed when the relative humidity is 70% or less.

  In contrast to this Patent Document 1, a ventilation device shown in Patent Document 2 has been proposed, assuming that when the indoor air conditioning is strong, condensation may occur when the ventilation operation is performed at a relative humidity of 70% or less.

  Hereinafter, Patent Document 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The calculation unit 104 connected to the outside air temperature detection unit 101, the outside air relative humidity detection unit 102, and the underfloor temperature detection unit 103 controls the ventilation unit 106 via the control unit 105.

  Note that the outdoor air absolute humidity detector 107 may be used in place of the outdoor air temperature detector 101 and the outdoor air relative humidity detector 102.

  With the above configuration, the calculation unit 104 calculates the absolute humidity of the outside air from the outside temperature detection unit 101 and the outside air relative humidity detection unit 102, and then calculates the dew point temperature of the outside air from the obtained absolute humidity.

Next, the calculated dew point temperature is compared with the underfloor temperature detected by the underfloor temperature detection unit 103. When the dew point temperature is higher than the underfloor temperature, the calculation unit 104 drives the ventilation unit 106 via the control unit 105 to perform ventilation. On the contrary, when the temperature is low, the ventilation unit 106 is stopped so that condensation does not occur.
JP 9-280600 A JP 2001-21197 A

  In recent years, so-called basic heat-insulated houses that insulate the portions of the foundations that come into contact with the outside air have become widespread. Since this house uses geothermal heat, it was popular in the Hokkaido region as a house that is warm in winter and cool in summer, and because it is insulated and does not cause condensation under the floor.

  Recently, it has begun to be adopted outside Hokkaido.

  However, because the humidity in the Hokkaido region is higher in the mainland than in the humidity in the Hokkaido region, the occurrence of condensation under the floor is frequently reported on the mainland.

  Especially in the summer, even if the outside air temperature is higher than 30 ° C, the outer periphery of the foundation is insulated, so that the foundation temperature is affected by geothermal heat and the basic insulation is about 23 ° C. Condensation seems to have occurred because the temperature is lower than that of ordinary houses.

  The occurrence of dew condensation under the floor generates mold, gives off a strange odor and causes allergic diseases, and also promotes the decay of the wooden base, so prevention of dew condensation under the floor is required.

  However, it is difficult to adopt the ventilation method as described above because the underfloor has a sealed structure in the basic heat insulation house.

  This invention solves such a subject, and it aims at providing the underfloor system which can prevent the dew condensation under the floor in a basic heat insulation house.

  In order to achieve the above object, the underfloor system of the present invention is a dehumidifier that dehumidifies air in a sealed underfloor space composed of a building foundation having a thermally insulated outer periphery and the building foundation and the floor, A humidity sensor that detects the relative humidity of the air in the underfloor space and a control device that drives the dehumidifier when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

  As a result, it is possible to provide a house with no condensation under the floor regardless of the outside air humidity.

  Further, the control device has a calendar function and changes the predetermined humidity value according to the season so as to perform the energy saving operation of the dehumidifier.

  In addition, a temperature sensor connected to the control device to detect the temperature of the building foundation is provided, and energy saving operation is performed by changing a predetermined humidity value according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

  In addition, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the building foundation by connecting to the control device and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the underfloor space are provided, and the control device cools the air in the underfloor space to the temperature of the building foundation. The energy saving operation is performed by calculating the relative humidity of the air in the underfloor space where condensation occurs and operating the dehumidifier with this humidity as a predetermined value.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the basic heat insulation house without the dew condensation under the floor of a building can be provided.

  The underfloor system according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a building foundation having a thermally insulated outer periphery, a dehumidifier for dehumidifying air in a sealed underfloor space composed of the building foundation and the floor, and the underfloor A humidity sensor that detects the relative humidity of the air in the space and a controller that drives the dehumidifier when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

  As a result, it is possible to provide a house that prevents condensation under the floor regardless of the outside air humidity.

  The underfloor system according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the control device has a calendar function, and the predetermined value is set according to a season or a history month.

  This prevents excessive drying under the floor and prevents wasteful energy consumption.

  The underfloor system according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that the control device includes an area setting switch, and a predetermined value is set according to the setting of the area setting switch.

  This makes it possible to prevent condensation suitable for the area.

  The underfloor system according to claim 4 of the present invention includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the building foundation, and the control device sets a predetermined value according to the temperature of the building foundation that is detected by the temperature sensor. It is characterized by.

  As a result, it is possible to prevent dew condensation according to the region and season without setting with the region setting switch.

  The underfloor system according to claim 5 of the present invention includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the building foundation and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the underfloor space, and the control device causes the air in the underfloor space to be in the building foundation. The relative humidity of the air in the underfloor space where condensation occurs when cooled to the temperature of the section is calculated, and the calculation result is set to a predetermined value.

  This can prevent condensation during energy-saving operation.

  The underfloor system according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that the dehumidifier is installed in the underfloor space.

  Thereby, the dehumidifier can be reduced in size.

  The underfloor system according to claim 7 of the present invention is characterized in that a dehumidifier is installed in a living space, and an intake port or an exhaust port of the dehumidifier is connected to the underfloor space by a ventilation pipe.

  This facilitates maintenance of the dehumidifier.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure under a floor of a basic heat insulating house.

  In the figure, a concrete solid foundation 2 and a cloth foundation 3 are constructed on the ground 1, a foundation 4 is fixed on the cloth foundation 3, and a pillar 5 is built thereon. The base 4 is provided with a floor 6 having vent holes 6a and 6b at important points, and the floor 6 is supported by a floor bundle 8 and a large fork 9 on a bundling stone 7.

  An outer heat insulating material 10 and an exterior material 11 are provided on the side wall surface of the fabric foundation 3, and a floor heat insulating material 12 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the solid foundation 2.

  The outer heat insulating material 10 and the floor heat insulating material 12 are made of heat insulating materials such as polystyrene foam of 30 to 50 mm, and block heat conduction from the outside air.

  The condensation 13 will be described later.

  In such a structure, the underfloor space “a” constitutes a completely sealed space from the outside air, and the living space “b” has a slight amount of air in and out through the vent holes 6a and 6b.

  Due to this structure, the heat of the outside air is shut off in summer, and the temperature of the solid foundation 2 and the cloth foundation 3 is affected by the ground 1 regardless of whether it is day or night, even if the outside air temperature is over 30 ° C. Stable at around ℃.

  Therefore, the temperature of the underfloor space a in the state where the living space b is cooled to about 30 ° C. is a temperature close to 23 ° C. in the lower layer and closer to the living space b as it goes to the upper layer.

  In winter, the temperature of the ground 1 is stable at around 16 ° C. Therefore, even if the outside air is several ° C., the temperatures of the solid foundation 2 and the fabric foundation 3 are also stable at 16 ° C.

  Similarly, the temperature of the underfloor space a in a state where the living space b is heated to about 20 ° C. is a temperature close to the living space b as it goes closer to 16 ° C. in the lower layer and goes to the upper layer.

  Next, the mechanism of condensation under the floor will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis indicates the room temperature, the vertical axis indicates the dew point temperature, and the dew point with humidity as a parameter.

  The dew point temperature of air with a relative humidity of 60% at room temperature of 30 ° C. is 21 ° C. as shown in A, and the dew point temperature of air with 70% relative humidity at room temperature of 30 ° C. is 24 ° C. as shown in B. Yes.

  The temperature of about 35 ° C. and the relative humidity of about 60% are the daytime maximum temperature and humidity during the summer, and in such a case, the case where the living space is cooled to 30 ° C. will be described as an example.

  Usually, the humidity in the room is about 60%, and the dew point of this air is 21 ° C. as shown in A. Therefore, even if this air touches the base part, the temperature of the base part is 23 ° C. as shown in C. Therefore, no condensation occurs. However, the relative humidity in the room rises for some reason, reaches the dew point at 67% of D, and condensation occurs.

  Examples of such an increase in relative humidity include the following cases.

  In other words, this corresponds to the case where the resident turns off the cooling, closes the window, and goes out.

  Since the air conditioner is cut off, the temperature of the room rises due to direct sunlight and the outside air temperature. At this time, the indoor relative humidity temporarily decreases. Then, moisture is released from the walls, ceiling and floor, and the relative humidity rises. That is, the absolute humidity increases.

  On the other hand, the temperature of the underfloor space is cooled on the ground and does not rise in a short time and remains at about 30 ° C. Therefore, a difference in absolute humidity occurs between the room and the underfloor space, and water vapor in the room moves to the underfloor space through the vent holes 6a and 6b, and as a result, the relative humidity of the underfloor space increases.

  The air in the underfloor space where the relative humidity has increased touches the base portion having a low temperature, and the condensation described with reference to D occurs.

  As another example in which the humidity in the room rises in this way, there is a case where the cooling is turned off and the laundry is hung out in the room.

  In the winter, condensation may occur for the same reason (not shown).

  Usually, the room is heated to about 22 ° C. and the relative humidity is as low as 30 to 40%, but this corresponds to the case where a housewife with a weak throat is present and the room is humidified using a humidifier.

  That is, condensation does not occur when the relative humidity is about 40% of the normal humidity, but condensation occurs when the relative humidity is 70%.

  As described above, the condensation under the floor is caused by indoor conditions rather than by outdoor air conditions.

  Next, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration.

  The dehumidifier 21 is configured to be controlled by a control device 24 a in which an underfloor relative humidity sensor 22 and an area setting switch 23 are connected.

  The underfloor relative humidity sensor 22 is attached to the upper part of the underfloor space.

  The control device 24a includes a CPU 31, a calendar 32 connected thereto, a memory 33, and a driver 34 for driving and controlling the dehumidifier 21. The CPU 31 includes the underfloor relative humidity sensor 22 and the area setting switch 23. It is connected.

  The memory 33 contains data of a predetermined humidity value as shown in FIG.

  4 and 5 are diagrams showing the installation state of the dehumidifier.

  In FIG. 4, the dehumidifier 21 is installed at the lower part of the floor 6, and its drain pipe 21 a is installed so as to penetrate the cloth foundation 3 and drain it outdoors.

  The underfloor relative humidity sensor 22 is installed at the suction port of the dehumidifier 21.

  When the dehumidifier 21 is operated, a dehumidified blowing flow 21b is generated, and dehumidification is performed by circulating air in the underfloor space a.

  In FIG. 5, the dehumidifier 21 is installed in the living space b, and the vent pipe 21c is connected to the underfloor space a. Further, the drain pipe 21b for discharging the dehumidified water is installed so that it can be drained outdoors.

  The relative humidity sensor 22 is disposed in the upper part of the underfloor space a and is connected to a control device 24a (not shown) built in the dehumidifier 21.

  When the dehumidifier 21 is operated, a dehumidified blowing flow 21d is generated, and the return flow 21e is discharged from the underfloor space a to the living space b.

  Here, the provision of the dehumidifier 21 in the underfloor space a as shown in FIG. 4 is characterized in that a small dehumidifier 21 having a small dehumidifying ability can be used because the volume in the underfloor space a is small.

  Further, the installation of the dehumidifier 21 in the living space b as shown in FIG. 5 is employed when it is difficult to install the dehumidifier 21 in the underfloor space a due to the structure under the floor. This method is characterized in that maintenance of the dehumidifier 21 is easy.

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, in S11 (step 11), the control device 24a collates the calendar 32 held by itself. Next, the setting of the area setting switch 23 is read in S12, and the predetermined humidity S shown in FIG. 3C corresponding to this is selected in S13 (for example, 55%).

  Next, the underfloor relative humidity H is detected in S14, and the predetermined humidity S and the underfloor relative humidity H are compared in S15. Here, if the underfloor relative humidity H is lower than the predetermined humidity S, the dehumidifier 21 is not operated, but if it is higher, the controller 24a operates the dehumidifier 21 in S16.

  When the dehumidifier 21 is operated, the underfloor relative humidity H decreases.

  When the underfloor relative humidity H falls below a value (for example, 50%) lower than the predetermined humidity S in S17, the control device 24a stops the operation of the dehumidifier 21 in S18.

  Such an operation is repeated to keep the underfloor from causing condensation.

  FIG. 3C is a diagram showing the predetermined humidity S of each month for each region. The value of the predetermined humidity S indicates that the air of the highest temperature in the month of the region is thermally insulated from the region. It is obtained from the relative humidity at which condensation occurs when cooled to the temperature of the base of the house.

  Actually, the temperature in the underfloor space a is stable at a low temperature of about 23 ° C. even if the temperature of the base portion is high as described above, and is affected by this, and does not reach the outside temperature. Therefore, the predetermined humidity S is set in consideration of this point.

  The maximum temperature is based on past data from the Japan Meteorological Agency, and the temperature at the base is set by experimental data.

  If the dehumidifier 21 is controlled to operate at a fixed predetermined humidity S regardless of the season or region in this way, condensation may occur unless the predetermined value is set to a low value. This increases the economic burden on the user as well as waste of energy.

  As described above, Embodiment 1 of the present invention automatically sets the relative humidity S of the underfloor space “a” as a reference for operating the dehumidifier according to the region and season, and can provide an energy-saving underfloor system. It is.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention.

  7 (a) and 7 (b) are the configurations of FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), and an underfloor base temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the underfloor base instead of the area setting switch 23. 25 is provided.

  Therefore, description of components having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3A and 3B is omitted.

  FIG. 7C shows a part of data stored in the memory 33b of the control device 24b.

  The underfloor foundation temperature sensor 25 is provided on the cloth foundation 3 or the solid foundation 2 in the north or northwest part of the house where the temperature is considered to be the lowest, and measures the temperature of the underfloor foundation, and the result is input to the control device 24b. Has been.

  The data stored in the memory 33b of the control device 24b in FIG. 7C will be described with reference to FIG.

  As described in FIG. 2, the dew point temperature of air having a relative humidity of 60% at room temperature of 30 ° C. is 21 ° C. as shown in A, and the dew point temperature of air having a relative humidity of 70% at room temperature of 30 ° C. is as shown in B. The dew point temperature of air is 24 ° C. and relative air 67% at room temperature 30 ° C. is 23 ° C. as shown in FIG.

  Similarly, when the room temperature is 30 ° C. and the relative humidity is 63%, the dew point temperature is 22 ° C. as shown in FIG.

  The room temperature here means the temperature in the space under the floor.

  As described above, as a matter of course, at a constant room temperature, the dew point temperature increases as the relative humidity S increases.

  Here, the dew point temperature on the vertical axis in FIG. 2 can be considered as the temperature of the base part, and the higher the temperature of the base part, the higher the relative humidity S of the air around the base part where condensation occurs. Condensation does not occur if the relative humidity S is set to a predetermined value or less according to the temperature of the foundation.

  FIG. 7C shows a predetermined value of the relative humidity S in the underfloor space a according to the temperature of the foundation.

  FIG. 7C shows only data for August, but the memory 33b also holds data for other months.

  As is apparent from FIG. 2, since the predetermined value of the relative humidity varies depending on the temperature in the underfloor space a, the predetermined value of the relative humidity S is set based on the experimentally obtained temperature in the underfloor space a. .

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 8, first, in S21, the control device 24b collates the calendar 32 held by itself. Next, the building base temperature is detected in S22, and in S23, the memory 33b is accessed and the predetermined humidity S shown in FIG. 7C is selected (for example, 67% of the base temperature of 23 ° C. in August).

  Next, the underfloor relative humidity H is detected in S24, and the predetermined humidity S and the underfloor relative humidity H are compared in S25. Here, if the underfloor relative humidity H is lower than the set humidity S, the dehumidifier 21 is not operated, but if it is higher, the controller 24b operates the dehumidifier 21 in S26.

  When the dehumidifier 21 is operated, the underfloor relative humidity H decreases.

  If the relative humidity H falls below a value (62%) lower than the set humidity S by α (for example, 5%) in S27, the control device 24b stops the operation of the dehumidifier 21 in S28.

  Such an operation is repeated to keep the underfloor from causing condensation.

  As described above, the second embodiment of the present invention automatically sets the relative humidity S of the air in the underfloor space a which is a reference for operating the dehumidifier 21 according to the season and the temperature of the underfloor base. There is no manual setting section, and an energy-saving floor system can be provided.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of the third embodiment of the present invention.

  The configuration shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B is obtained by adding an underfloor space temperature sensor 26 to the configuration shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B described in the second embodiment. It is. Further, the control device 24c removes the calendar.

  Therefore, the description of components having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 7A and 7B is omitted.

  The underfloor space temperature sensor 26 is installed near the underfloor and is connected to the control device 24c.

  The memory 33c stores data for obtaining absolute humidity from temperature and relative humidity, and data for obtaining dew point from absolute humidity, so-called air diagram data.

  With reference to FIG. 9, the operation will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 10, first in S31, the control device 24c measures the underfloor air temperature Ta.

  Next, the building foundation temperature Tk is detected in S32.

  Next, at S33, the memory 33c is accessed, and the relative humidity Hs of the underfloor air that may cause condensation when the air at the underfloor air temperature Ta touches the base portion (the solid foundation 2 and the cloth foundation 3) at the temperature Tk. Calculate.

  In step S34, the relative humidity Hu of the underfloor air is measured. Next, in S35, the Hu is compared with the Hs.

  At this time, Hs-α is set to allow a margin for absorbing the variation in the measurement of the underfloor basic temperature Tk in S32.

  Here, unless Hu> Hs−α, the dehumidifier 21 is not operated, but if YES, the control device 24c operates the dehumidifier 21 in S36.

  When the dehumidifier 21 is operated, the relative humidity H in the underfloor space decreases.

  When Hu falls below Hs-α-β (β is 5%, for example) in S37, the control device 24c stops the operation of the dehumidifier 21.

  Such an operation is repeated to keep the underfloor from causing condensation.

  As described above, the second embodiment of the present invention includes the temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the underfloor base and the temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the underfloor space, and the control device 24c allows the air in the underfloor space a to The relative humidity of the air in the underfloor space a where condensation occurs when cooled to the temperature of the underfloor base is calculated, and the operation of the dehumidifier 21 is controlled to be equal to or less than the calculated humidity.

  For this reason, optimal dehumidifier operation is performed regardless of the region and season, and a more energy-saving underfloor system can be provided.

  The underfloor system of the present invention detects the relative humidity in the underfloor space and the dehumidifier that dehumidifies the air in the sealed underfloor space composed of the building base portion whose outer periphery is thermally insulated, and the building base portion and the floor. It consists of a humidity sensor and a control device that controls the dehumidifier according to the humidity detected by this humidity sensor, and is applicable not only to basic insulated houses but also to ordinary houses as well as highly airtight and highly insulated houses. it can.

The figure which shows the structure under the floor of the foundation heat insulation house of the underfloor system of Embodiment 1 of this invention. Graph showing condensation in the underfloor system Diagram showing the configuration of the underfloor system The figure which shows the installation state of the dehumidifier of the underfloor system The figure which shows the installation state with the other form of the dehumidifier of the same floor system Flow chart showing the operation of the underfloor system The figure which shows the structure of the underfloor system of Embodiment 2 of this invention. Flow chart showing the operation of the underfloor system The figure which shows the structure of the underfloor system of Embodiment 3 of this invention. Flow chart showing the operation of the underfloor system Diagram showing the configuration of a conventional underfloor system

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Condensation 21 Dehumidifier 21c Ventilation pipe 22 Underfloor relative humidity sensor 23 Area setting switch 24a Control device 24b Control device 24c Control device 25 Underfloor basic temperature sensor 26 Underfloor space temperature sensor 32 Calendar

Claims (7)

A dehumidifier for dehumidifying air in a sealed underfloor space composed of a building foundation having an insulated outer periphery, the building foundation and the floor, and a humidity sensor for detecting the relative humidity of the air in the underfloor space And a control system that drives the dehumidifier when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The underfloor system according to claim 1, wherein the control device has a calendar function, and the predetermined value is set according to a season or a history month. The underfloor system according to claim 2, wherein the control device includes an area setting switch, and a predetermined value is set according to a setting of the area setting switch. 3. The underfloor according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the building foundation, wherein the control device has a predetermined value set according to the temperature of the building foundation detected by the temperature sensor. system. A temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the building foundation and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the underfloor space, and the controller generates condensation when the air in the underfloor space is cooled to the temperature of the building foundation. The underfloor system according to claim 1, wherein a relative humidity of air in the underfloor space is calculated and the calculation result is set to a predetermined value. The underfloor system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the dehumidifier is installed in an underfloor space. The underfloor system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a dehumidifier is installed in a living space, and an intake port or an exhaust port of the dehumidifier is connected to an underfloor space with a vent pipe.

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