JP2824561B2 - Construction method and greening method of stepped retaining wall - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall for stabilizing a slope and a method for greening a stepped retaining wall for simultaneously greening.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, concrete has been sprayed or concrete retaining walls have been constructed to reinforce slopes.
In addition, in order to green the slope, a method of spraying a vegetation base material or stacking vegetation sandbags into a frame constructed on the slope has been performed.

[0003]

However, when the above-mentioned concrete is sprayed, the durability is poor and the scenery is poor, and it is impossible to vegetate on the surface of the sprayed concrete. Therefore, recently, a method has been attempted in which a part of the sprayed concrete is removed, a vegetation base material packed in a bag is installed there, and concrete is sprayed on the surface excluding the upper surface for vegetation. Was not easy and economical. The construction of a concrete retaining wall is robust but has a poor view.In addition, a package of vegetation base material is attached to the surface of the concrete retaining wall using an anchor, and concrete is sprayed on the surface except the upper surface. Attempts have been made to plant vegetation, but it is time-consuming and uneconomical, and water is not supplied from the ground side, which hinders plant growth.

[0004] In the case of the construction method of constructing a frame on a slope,
Rainwater flowed through the law frame and scoured the vegetation base, so that bare land had been developed. For this reason, various attempts have been made, such as using a wire mesh or spraying concrete, but these have not been sufficient measures. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method which eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, has excellent workability, can be implemented at low cost, and can construct a robust retaining wall. Another object of the present invention is to provide a greening method that can reliably and simultaneously realize the construction of a robust retaining wall and its greening.

[0005]

A method for constructing a stepped retaining wall and a method for greening according to the present invention have solved the above-mentioned problems.
It is as follows. That is, first, the first method of constructing a step-like retaining wall is as follows. After curing the curing sheet 2 on the slope 1, the step-like net 4 having the opening 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by the anchor 5. The pockets 6 are fixed to form a step-like net 4
Is reinforced with reinforcing bars 7 and 7 ′, and then concrete 10 is poured into the pockets 6 of the stepped net 4 to form the stepped retaining wall A.

A second method of constructing a stepped retaining wall is as follows. After a curing sheet 2 is stretched on a slope 1, a stepped net 4 having an opening 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by an anchor 5. A vertical reinforcing bar 12 is formed between the stepped net 4 and the stepped net 4 which are fixed to each other to form a pocket 6 on the left and right, and a horizontal reinforcing bar 12 is provided in front of the rising surface of the stepped net 4. , Respectively, and a U-shaped vertical mesh 13 is provided outside the vertical reinforcing bar 12 when viewed in a plane direction, and a one-step horizontal mesh 15 having an opening 14 on the upper surface is connected to the horizontal reinforcing bar 12 ′. The pocket 6, the vertical net 13 and the horizontal net 15 of the step-like net 4 are respectively provided on the outside.
A stepped retaining wall A having a sill B is constructed by casting concrete 10 in the inside.

In the first and second methods of constructing the stepped retaining wall, before the concrete 10 is poured into the pocket 6 of the stepped net body 4, the inner bottom of the pocket 6 is placed from the ground side. After putting the drainage material 8 that allows water to flow to the front side, concrete 10 may be poured into the pocket 6 in some cases.

[0008] The first step of greening the step-shaped retaining wall is as follows.
After the curing sheet 2 is stretched, an opening 3 is provided on the upper surface of each step.
Of the stepped net 4 to be fixed to the slope 1 with the anchor 5
To form pockets 6 and floors spaced apart from each other on the left and right
A vertical reinforcing bar 12 is provided between the step-like net 4 and the step-like net 4,
Horizontal reinforcing bars 12 ′ are arranged in front of the rising surface of the reticulated net 4, respectively.
Then, the U-shaped vertical mesh body 13 as viewed in a plane direction is
Outside the reinforcing bar 12, a one-step lateral having an opening 14 on the upper surface
The nets 15 are provided outside the horizontal reinforcing bars 12 ′, respectively.
The root of the plant 20 penetrates from the front side to the ground side in the pocket 6
After inserting the vegetation base material 17 to be
Placing concrete 10 in net 13 and horizontal net 15
To construct a step-shaped retaining wall A having a legal frame B,
The vegetation base material 19 is injected or sprayed on the surface of the retaining wall A to vegetate.
It is intended.

The second step of greening the stepped retaining wall is as follows.
The greening method of the stair-shaped retaining wall according to
After constructing the stepped retaining wall A, remove the frame B of the stepped retaining wall A.
After the wire mesh 18 is stretched on the front side, the surface of the stepped retaining wall A
The vegetation base material 19 is thrown into or sprayed on
is there.

[0010]

The curing sheet 2 stretched on the slope 1 is permeable and prevents the mud from the ground from being mixed into the concrete 10 to be poured, and drains excess water in the concrete 10 to increase the strength. Etc. to improve the quality. It also has the function of promoting drainage such as spring water from the ground. The step-like net 4 functions as a formwork and has a step-like shape, so that each step can be used as a work platform,
The impact at the time of pouring the concrete 10 and the falling speed of the concrete 10 are alleviated, thereby preventing the step-like net 4 from being damaged. Pockets 6 of stepped net 4
A drainage means is constructed by putting a drainage material 8 into the inner bottom portion of the container, and spring water from the ground is drained to the front side of the stepped retaining wall A through the drainage material 8.

In the greening method of the stepped retaining wall, the vegetation base material 19 put on or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A is stabilized by the steps of the stepped retaining wall A. In addition, stair-shaped retaining wall A
When the wire mesh 18 is stretched in front of the vegetation base material 19, the wire mesh 18 further stabilizes the vegetation base material 19. The vegetation base material 17 accommodated in the pockets 6 of the step-like net 4 allows spring water from the ground to pass through the vegetation base material 19 injected or sprayed on the surface of the step-shaped retaining wall A. It has a function and a function of causing the roots of the plant 20 to reach the ground side.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 of the invention of a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall will be described with reference to FIGS. A curing sheet 2 was stretched on a slope 1 having a slope of about 70 degrees, a height of 4.2 m and a width of 8 m (FIG. 1a). This curing sheet 2
Is a vinyl chloride curing sheet used for agricultural awnings, in which fibers are woven like rice straw mushiro, and is permeable and capable of penetrating plant roots. As shown in FIG. 2a, a stepped metal net 4 having an opening 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by a pin anchor (diameter 16 mm, length 400 mm) 5 to form a pocket 6 ( FIG. 1b). As shown in FIG. 2a, the stepped net 4 has a right angle between the rising surface and the upper surface of each step, and also has a case where the angle is 90 degrees or more as shown in FIG. No, but sometimes less than 90 degrees.
Note that a metal wire having a wire diameter of 3.2 mm was used as a material. The step-like net 4 is reinforced with reinforcing bars 7, 7 '(FIG. 1)
c). The vertical reinforcing bar 7 was attached so as to penetrate the mesh at the lower end of the rising surface of each step of the stepped net body 4. The lateral reinforcing bar 7 ′ was arranged at the corner on the ground side on the step in the step-like net 4. For these reinforcing bars 7, 7 ', deformed reinforcing bars having a diameter of 13 mm were used.

A drainage material 8 containing a rough sand in a permeable sandbag (a product of the same material as the above-mentioned curing sheet 2) is filled with one square meter (of the slope 1) on the inner bottom of the pocket 6 of the stepped net 4. 1 per area) (FIG. 1c). The ready-mixed car 9 in the pocket 6 at the shoulder of the stepped net 4
Concrete 10 was poured directly from the container (FIG. 1d). When the top pocket 6 was filled, the concrete 10 overflowed, flowed into the lower pocket 6, and was sequentially filled from the top. Since the concrete 10 flows down stepwise, it was confirmed that the flow was slowed down and the speed became slow, and the pocket 6 was sufficiently filled. Thereby, the step-like retaining wall A was constructed.

Before the concrete 10 is cast, a protective plate 11 made of corrugated cardboard or the like is overlapped and fastened to the front surface of the drainage material 8 via the rising surface of the stepped net 4 in advance. It is desirable to remove the protection plate 11 after the casting. Thereby, it is possible to reliably eliminate the possibility that the front surface of the drainage member 8 and the rising surface of the step-like net 4 overlapping the drainage member 8 are concealed by the concrete and the drainage function is lost. When the reinforcing steel bars 7 and 7 ′ are entirely or partially exposed outside the stepped net body 4, it is desirable to cover the reinforcing steel bars 7 and 7 ′ with the concrete 10 in order to improve the strength.

A second embodiment of the invention of a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall will be described with reference to FIGS. As in the case of Example 1, the curing sheet 2 was stretched on the slope 1 (FIG. 3A). As in Example 1, a metal stepped net 4 having an opening 3 on the upper surface of each step was fixed to the slope 1 with a pin anchor 5 to form a pocket 6 (FIG. 3B). As shown in FIG. 4, a vertical reinforcing bar 12 formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism using a deformed reinforcing bar having a diameter of 13 mm is arranged between the step-like net 4 and the step-like net 4 which are spaced apart from each other on the left and right. Also, on the front side of the rising surface of a predetermined step in the stepped net body 4,
A horizontal reinforcing bar 12 'formed in a square pillar shape using a deformed reinforcing bar having a diameter of 13 mm was arranged (FIG. 3c).

As shown in FIG. 6, a U-shaped vertical metal net 13 is provided outside the vertical reinforcing bar 12 when viewed in a plane direction,
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a one-stage horizontal net 15 made of metal having an opening 14 on the upper surface is provided outside the horizontal reinforcing bar 12 '(FIGS. 3c and 5). As the fixing means, a pin anchor 16 or the like was used. In addition, the one-stage horizontal net 15 used is one having open left and right side surfaces as shown in FIG. 7A or one having a net portion 15a on both right and left side surfaces as shown in FIG. 7B. Selected and used according to the location. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the drainage material 8 containing the rough sand in the permeable sandbag is used to remove the drainage material 8 from the inner bottom of the pocket 6 of the step-like net 4 (excluding the pocket provided with the horizontal reinforcing bar 12 'on the outside). 1 piece per square meter (area of slope 1)
c). Concrete 10 was driven from the ready-mixed concrete car 9 into the pocket 6, the vertical net 13 and the horizontal net 15 of the step-like net 4 (FIG. 3d). As a result, a step-shaped retaining wall A having the legal frame B was constructed.

An embodiment of a method for greening a stepped retaining wall will be described with reference to FIG. As in the embodiment of the invention of the method of constructing a stepped retaining wall, a curing sheet 2 was stretched on the slope 1 (FIG. 8A). As in the embodiment of the invention of the method of constructing a stepped retaining wall, a metal stepped net body 4 having an opening 3 on the upper surface of each step was fixed to the slope 1 by a pin anchor 5 to form a pocket 6. (FIG. 8b). As in the second embodiment of the invention of the method of constructing a stepped retaining wall, a square columnar shape using a deformed reinforcing bar having a diameter of 13 mm is provided between stepped nets 4 spaced apart from each other on the left and right sides. In addition, a horizontal reinforcing bar 12 'formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism using a deformed reinforcing bar having a diameter of 13 mm is arranged in front of a rising surface of a predetermined step in the step-like net 4 in the step-like mesh body 4. (FIG. 3c).

As in the second embodiment of the invention of a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall, a U-shaped vertical metal net 1 viewed in a plane direction.
3 is provided on the outside of the vertical reinforcing bar 12, and a one-step horizontal mesh body 15 made of metal having an opening 14 on the upper surface is connected to the horizontal reinforcing bar 1.
2 ′ (FIG. 8c). As the fixing means, a pin anchor 16 or the like was used. Pockets 6 of the step-like net 4 (the horizontal reinforcing bar 1
The vegetation base material 17 was put into the inside (excluding the pocket provided with 2 ′) (FIG. 8c). It is desirable that the vegetation base material 17 be wrapped with the above-mentioned curing sheet so that the vegetation base material 17 and concrete do not mix at the time of the later-described concrete driving. Concrete 10 was driven from the ready-mixed concrete car 9 into the pockets 6, the vertical net 13 and the horizontal net 15 of the step-like net 4 to construct a step-like retaining wall A having a legal frame B (FIG. 8).
d).

A wire net 18 was provided on the front side of the stepped retaining wall A except for the legal frame B (FIG. 8E). A vegetation base material 19 containing seeds of herbs and woody plants was sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A (FIG. 8F). In order to confirm the state of growth one year later, a part of the concrete 10 was removed and a vegetation follow-up survey was conducted. As a result, the root of the plant (Yamahagi) 20 passed through the vegetation base material 17 and reached the ground side. It was confirmed that. In addition, it was also confirmed that the grown trees and the like function to stop fallen leaves and the like, and that the fallen leaves and the like are accumulated and the vegetation base is increasing.

Before the concrete 10 is cast, a protective plate 11 made of corrugated cardboard or the like is overlapped and fastened to the front surface of the vegetation base material 17 via the rising surface of the stepped net 4 in advance.
It is desirable to remove the protective plate 11 after placing the concrete 10. Thereby, the vegetation base material 1
It is possible to reliably eliminate the possibility that the front surface of the front surface 7 and the rising surface of the step-like net body 4 overlapping the front surface are concealed by concrete.

[0021]

The invention of the construction method of the stepped retaining wall has the following effects. That is, since the step-like net functions as a mold, complicated work is not required unlike the case where a general mold is used. Since each step of the step-like net can be used as a work platform, work such as compaction of concrete can be easily performed. Since concrete is not sprayed but poured into pockets of the step-like net, special machines such as spraying machines and compressors are not required. As described above, the workability is excellent and can be implemented at low cost.

The concrete is integrated into the pockets of the step-like net by pouring the concrete into the pockets, and the mud of the ground is poured into the concrete that is cast by the curing sheet stretched on the slope. Construction of a solid retaining wall, since the contamination of concrete is prevented and the excess water in the poured concrete is removed by passing through the stepped net and the curing sheet, thereby improving the quality such as the strength of the concrete. Can be. The strength can be further improved by constructing the legal framework at the same time.

In the case where drainage means is to be provided from the ground side to the front side, a drainage material may be put into the inner bottom of the stepped mesh body before driving concrete into the pocket. Is easy and reliable.

The invention of the method for greening the stepped retaining wall has the following effects. That is, the vegetation base material thrown or sprayed on the surface of the step-shaped retaining wall is stabilized by the steps of the step-shaped retaining wall, and thus there is no possibility of collapse. In addition, when a wire mesh is stretched on the front side of the stepped retaining wall and then the vegetation base material is injected or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall, the collapse of the vegetation base material is more reliably prevented by the wire mesh. You. Naturally, spring water is supplied from the ground side through the vegetation base material put in the pocket, so that the retaining wall is surely greened. Further, the roots of the plants reach the ground side through the vegetation base material put in the pockets, so that the vegetation base put or sprayed on the stair-shaped retaining wall and the surface thereof. Since the timber is integrated with the ground through the plants, the construction of a robust retaining wall and its greening can be reliably realized at the same time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a first embodiment of the invention of a method of constructing a stepped retaining wall.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a step-like net.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing Embodiment 2 of the invention of a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vertical reinforcing bar and a horizontal reinforcing bar are arranged in the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state where a vertical net and a horizontal net are provided outside the vertical reinforcing bars and the horizontal reinforcing bars in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a vertical net.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a horizontal net.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing an embodiment of the invention of a method for greening a stepped retaining wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slope 2 Curing sheet 3 Opening 4 Stepped net 5 Anchor 6 Pocket 7, 7 'Reinforcing bar 8 Drainage material 10 Concrete 12 Vertical bar 12' Horizontal bar 13 Vertical net 14 Opening 15 Horizontal net 17 Vegetable base material 18 Wire mesh 19 Vegetation base material 20 Plant A Stepped retaining wall B Legal frame

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-302331 (JP, A) JP-A-63-251524 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02D 17/20 102 E02D 17/20 104 E02D 29/02 310 E02D 29/02 311

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] After a curing sheet is stretched on a slope, a step-like net having an opening on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope by an anchor to form a pocket, and the step-like net is reinforced with a reinforcing bar. Then, concrete is poured into the pockets of the step-like net to construct the step-like retaining wall. 2. After the curing sheet is stretched on the slope, a step-like net having an opening on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope by an anchor to form a pocket, and stairs spaced apart from each other on the left and right sides. After arranging a vertical reinforcing bar between the reticular body and the stepped reticular body, and a horizontal reinforcing bar in front of the rising surface of the stepped reticular body, the U-shaped vertical reticulated body as viewed in the plane direction is defined as Outside the vertical reinforcing bar, a one-step horizontal mesh having an opening on the upper surface is provided outside the horizontal reinforcing bar, respectively, and concrete is poured into the pocket of the step-like mesh, the vertical mesh and the horizontal mesh. A method for constructing a step-like retaining wall, comprising constructing a step-like retaining wall having a legal frame. 3. A concrete material is poured into a pocket of a stepped mesh body after a drainage material that allows water to flow from the ground side to the front side is poured into an inner bottom portion of the pocket before the concrete is poured into the pocket. The method for constructing a step-like retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step-like retaining wall is constructed. 4. After the curing sheet is stretched on the slope,
The stair-like net with an opening on the top is anchored above
Form pockets by fixing to slopes
Insert a vertical reinforcing bar between the stepped mesh
Horizontal reinforcing bars in front of the rising surface of the reticulated mesh
The U-shaped vertical mesh when viewed in the plane direction
Then, a one-step horizontal mesh body having an opening on the top
Provided on the outside, gradually, from the front side to the ground side in the above pocket
After feeding the vegetation base material through which the roots of the plant penetrate ,
Pour concrete into the racket, vertical net and horizontal net.
To build a stepped retaining wall with
Stairs for vegetation by putting or spraying vegetation base material on the surface
How to green the retaining wall. 5. After constructing a step-shaped retaining wall having a legal frame,
Is a wire mesh stretched on the front side of this stepped retaining wall except for the frame?
Then, throw or spray vegetation base material on the surface of the stepped retaining wall.
The method for greening a stair-shaped retaining wall according to claim 4, which aims at vegetation.