JPH08144288A - Constructing method of stepped retaining wall and tree-planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve workability and enable the execution of works at low cost, to construct a solid retaining wall and to realize the construction of the solid retaining wall and the tree planting of the retaining wall simultaneously and surely. CONSTITUTION: A curing sheet 2 is stretched on a slope 1, stepped net bodies 4 with opening sections 3 are fixed onto the slope 1 by anchors 5 in top faces at each step and pockets 6 are formed. The stepped net bodies 4 are reinforced by reinforcements, a vegetation block material 17 is charged into the pockets 6, and concrete 10 is placed into the pockets 6, thus building a stepped retaining wall A. A vegetation block material 19 is charged or sprayed to the surface of the retaining wall A, thus attaining vegetation. The vegetation block material 19 is stabilized by the stepped sections of the stepped retaining wall A. Water supply such as spring water is conducted from the bedrock side through the vegetation block material 17. The roots of plants 20 are penetrated into the vegetation block material 17 and reach the bedrock side, thus unifying the stepped retaining wall A and the vegetation block material 19 through the plants 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall for stabilizing a slope and a method for greening a stepped retaining wall for simultaneously performing greening.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, concrete has been sprayed or concrete retaining walls have been constructed to reinforce slopes.
In addition, in order to green the slopes, a method of spraying vegetation base materials or stacking vegetation sandbags is used in the slope frame constructed on the slopes.

[0003]

However, when the concrete is sprayed, the durability is poor and the scenery is poor, and it is impossible to vegetate on the surface of the sprayed concrete. Therefore, recently, a method has been attempted in which a part of sprayed concrete is removed, a vegetation base material is packed in a bag, and concrete is sprayed on the surface excluding the top surface of the sprayed vegetation. It wasn't easy or economical. In the case of constructing a concrete retaining wall, it is sturdy but the scenery is poor.In addition, a bag of vegetation base material is attached to the surface of the concrete retaining wall using an anchor, and concrete is sprayed on the surface except the upper surface. A method of vegetation has been attempted, but it is time-consuming and uneconomical, and there is no water supply from the ground side, which hinders plant growth.

In the case of the construction method of constructing a legal frame on a slope,
Since the rainwater flowed through the legal framework and the vegetation base was scourd, bare land was advancing. For this reason, various attempts have been made, such as using a wire net or spraying concrete, but it has not been a sufficient countermeasure. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method that eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, has excellent workability, can be implemented at low cost, and can still construct a robust retaining wall. , And to provide a greening method capable of surely realizing the construction of a robust retaining wall and its greening at the same time.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems A method for constructing a stepped retaining wall and a method for revegetation according to the present invention have solved the above problems.
It is as follows. That is, first, in the first method of constructing a stepped retaining wall, after the curing sheet 2 is stretched on the slope 1, the stepped net body 4 having the openings 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by the anchor 5. It is fixed to form pockets 6 and has a step-like net body 4
Is reinforced with reinforcing bars 7 and 7 ', and then concrete 10 is placed in the pocket 6 of the staircase mesh body 4 to construct the staircase-shaped retaining wall A.

In the second method of constructing the stepped retaining wall, after the curing sheet 2 is stretched on the slope 1, the stepped net body 4 having the openings 3 on the upper surface of each step is anchored to the slope 1 by the anchor 5. A vertical reinforcing bar 12 is provided between the stepwise net body 4 and the stepwise net body 4 which are fixed to each other to form a pocket 6 and are spaced apart from each other on the left and right, and a horizontal reinforcing bar 12 is provided on the front side of the rising surface of the staircase net body 4. ', The U-shaped vertical nets 13 are arranged on the outside of the vertical rebars 12, and the one-step horizontal nets 15 having openings 14 on the upper surface of the horizontal rebars 12' are arranged. The pocket 6, the vertical net body 13, and the horizontal net body 15 of the stepped net body 4 are provided on the outside respectively.
It is characterized in that the stepped retaining wall A having the method frame B is constructed by placing concrete 10 therein.

In the above first and second step-like retaining wall construction methods, before the concrete 10 is placed in the pockets 6 of the step-like net body 4, the inner bottom of the pockets 6 from the ground side. In some cases, the concrete 10 is placed in the pocket 6 after the drainage material 8 that allows water to flow to the front side is introduced.

Next, the first method of greening the stepped retaining wall is as follows. After the curing sheet 2 is stretched on the slope 1, the opening 3 is formed on the upper surface of each step.
The step-like net body 4 having the above is fixed to the slope 1 by the anchor 5 to form the pocket 6, and the step-like net body 4 is rebar 7,
After reinforced with 7 ', vegetation base material 17 through which the roots of plants 20 penetrate from the front side to the ground side is put into the pocket 6, and then concrete 10 is placed in the pocket 6 to hold a staircase. The wall A is constructed, and the vegetation base material 19 is put or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A to achieve vegetation. The second stepped retaining wall is planted in the first stepped shape. In the greening method of the retaining wall, after constructing the stepped retaining wall A, the wire mesh 18 is stretched on the front side of the stepped retaining wall A, and then the vegetation base material 19 is provided on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A. It aims at vegetation by throwing in or spraying.

The third step-like retaining wall greening method is as follows. After the curing sheet 2 is stretched on the slope 1, the step-like net body 4 having the opening 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by the anchor 5. A vertical reinforcing bar 12 is provided between the stepwise net body 4 and the stepwise net body 4 which are fixed to each other to form a pocket 6 and are spaced apart from each other on the left and right, and a horizontal reinforcing bar 12 is provided on the front side of the rising surface of the staircase net body 4. ', The U-shaped vertical nets 13 are arranged on the outside of the vertical rebars 12, and the one-step horizontal nets 15 having openings 14 on the upper surface of the horizontal rebars 12' are arranged. The vegetation base material 17 through which the root of the plant 20 penetrates from the front side to the ground side is provided in each of the outsides of the pockets 6, and then the concrete 10 is inserted into the pocket 6, the vertical net body 13, and the horizontal net body 15. To construct a staircase-shaped retaining wall A having a slope B, and vegetation on the surface of this staircase-shaped retaining wall A. A board material 19 is thrown in or sprayed to achieve vegetation, and the fourth stepwise retaining wall greening method is the stepwise step having the legal frame B in the third stepwise retaining wall greening method. After constructing the retaining wall A, the legal frame B of this stepped retaining wall A
After the wire netting 18 is stretched on the front side except for, the vegetation base material 19 is thrown in or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A for vegetation.

[0010]

The functioning sheet 2 stretched over the slope 1 is water-permeable and prevents the soil 10 from being mixed into the concrete 10 to be placed, and at the same time drains the excess water in the concrete 10 and strengthens it. Etc. to improve the quality. It also has the function of promoting drainage such as spring water from the ground. The staircase net 4 functions as a formwork, and since the shape is stepwise, each step can be used as a work scaffold, and
The impact at the time of driving the concrete 10 and the flow-down velocity of the concrete 10 are alleviated, whereby the damage of the staircase mesh body 4 is prevented. Pocket 6 of staircase mesh 4
A drainage means is constructed by introducing the drainage material 8 into the inner bottom portion of the groundwater, and spring water or the like from the natural ground is drained to the front side of the stepped retaining wall A through the drainage material 8.

In the greening method of the stepped retaining wall, the vegetation base material 19 thrown into or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A is stabilized by the step portion of the stepped retaining wall A. In addition, staircase-shaped retaining wall A
When the wire net 18 is stretched on the front side of the vegetation, the wire net 18 further stabilizes the vegetation base material 19. The vegetation base material 17 housed in the pockets 6 of the staircase-shaped net body 4 allows spring water or the like from the natural ground to pass into the vegetation basement material 19 which is thrown into or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall A. It has a function and a function of making the root of the plant 20 reach the natural ground side.

[0012]

[Embodiment] Embodiment 1 of the invention of a method of constructing a stepped retaining wall will be described with reference to FIGS. A curing sheet 2 was stretched on a slope 1 having a slope of about 70 degrees, a height of 4.2 m, and a width of 8 m (Fig. 1a). This curing sheet 2
Is a vinyl chloride curing sheet which is used as an awning for agriculture, in which fibers are woven like rice straw muscillo, and it has water permeability and is capable of penetrating plant roots. As shown in FIG. 2a, a metal stepped net body 4 having an opening 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by a pin anchor (diameter 16 mm, length 400 mm) 5 to form a pocket 6 ( Figure 1b). As shown in FIG. 2a, the staircase net 4 has a right angle between the rising surface and the upper surface of each step, and as shown in FIG. There is a case where it is less than 90 degrees, though it is not.
A metal wire rod having a wire diameter of 3.2 mm was used as the material. The staircase mesh body 4 was reinforced with reinforcing bars 7 and 7 '(Fig. 1
c). The longitudinal reinforcing bars 7 were attached by penetrating the mesh of the lower end portion of the rising surface of each step of the staircase mesh body 4. The horizontal reinforcing bars 7'are arranged at the corners of the staircase net 4 on the side of the ground. Deformed bars having a diameter of 13 mm were used for these bars 7 and 7 '.

A drainage material 8 in which gravel is stored in a water-permeable sandbag (a product made of the same material as the above-mentioned curing sheet 2) is placed on the inside bottom of the pocket 6 of the staircase mesh body 4 on one square meter (of the slope 1). One was added per area) (Fig. 1c). In the pocket 6 on the shoulder of the staircase net 4, the raw concrete car 9
Concrete 10 was poured directly from the ground (Fig. 1d). When the uppermost pocket 6 was filled, the concrete 10 overflowed, flowed into the lower pocket 6, and was sequentially filled from the upper stage. It was confirmed that since the concrete 10 flows down in a stepwise manner, the flow is decelerated and the speed becomes slow, and the pocket 6 is sufficiently filled. Thereby, the staircase-shaped retaining wall A was constructed.

Before placing the concrete 10, a protective plate 11 made of corrugated cardboard or the like is overlapped and fixed on the front surface of the drainage material 8 through the rising surface of the staircase net 4 in advance. It is desirable to remove the protective plate 11 after the driving. As a result, it is possible to reliably eliminate the risk that the front surface of the drainage material 8 and the rising surface of the staircase mesh body 4 overlapping with the drainage material 8 will be hidden by the concrete and the drainage function will be lost. Further, when the reinforcing bars 7, 7 ′ for reinforcement are wholly or partially exposed to the outside of the staircase net 4, it is desirable to cover them with concrete 10 in order to improve the strength.

A second embodiment of the invention of a method of constructing a stepped retaining wall will be described with reference to FIGS. As in Example 1, a curing sheet 2 was stretched on the slope 1 (FIG. 3a). In the same manner as in Example 1, a metal stepped net body 4 having an opening 3 on the upper surface of each step was fixed to the inclined surface 1 by a pin anchor 5 to form a pocket 6 (FIG. 3b). As shown in FIG. 4, a vertical reinforcing bar 12 formed in a rectangular column shape using deformed reinforcing bars having a diameter of 13 mm is arranged between the stepwise mesh bodies 4 and the staircase mesh bodies 4 which are spaced from each other on the left and right. , On the front side of the rising surface of the predetermined step in the staircase mesh 4,
A transverse reinforcing bar 12 ′ formed into a square pole shape using deformed reinforcing bars having a diameter of 13 mm was arranged (FIG. 3c).

As shown in FIG. 6, a U-shaped metal vertical net body 13 is provided outside the vertical reinforcing bar 12 when viewed in a plane direction,
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a metal one-step horizontal net body 15 having an opening 14 on the upper surface was provided outside the horizontal reinforcing bar 12 ′ (FIGS. 3c and 5). A pin anchor 16 or the like was used as the fixing means. As the one-step horizontal net body 15, one having open left and right side surfaces as shown in FIG. 7a or one having net portions 15a on both left and right side surfaces as shown in FIG. 7b is used. It was selected and used according to the place. As in the first embodiment, the drainage material 8 in which the gravel is stored in the water-permeable sandbag is used as the inner bottom portion of the pocket 6 of the staircase mesh body 4 (excluding the pocket having the transverse rebar 12 'on the outside thereof). One per square meter (area of slope 1) was added to
c). Concrete 10 was poured into the pocket 6, the vertical net body 13 and the horizontal net body 15 of the staircase net body 4 from the ready-mixed concrete wheel 9 (Fig. 3d). Thereby, the staircase-shaped retaining wall A having the legal frame B was constructed.

An embodiment of the invention of a method for greening a stepped retaining wall will be described with reference to FIG. Similar to the embodiment of the invention of the method of constructing the stepped retaining wall, the curing sheet 2 was stretched on the slope 1 (Fig. 8a). Similar to the embodiment of the invention of the method of constructing the stepped retaining wall, the metal stepped net body 4 having the opening 3 on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope 1 by the pin anchor 5 to form the pocket 6. (Fig. 8b). Similar to the second embodiment of the invention of the method for constructing the staircase-shaped retaining wall, a square pole shape is formed between the staircase-shaped net body 4 and the staircase-shaped net body 4 which are spaced from each other on the left and right sides by using deformed reinforcing bars having a diameter of 13 mm. The longitudinal reinforcing bars 12 formed in the above are arranged, and in the front side of the rising surface of the predetermined step in the staircase mesh body 4, the transverse reinforcing bars 12 ′ formed in the shape of a rectangular column using deformed reinforcing bars with a diameter of 13 mm are arranged. (Fig. 3c).

Similar to the second embodiment of the invention of the method for constructing the staircase-shaped retaining wall, the U-shaped metal vertical net body 1 is viewed in the plane direction.
3 is provided on the outer side of the vertical reinforcing bar 12, and a metal one-step horizontal net body 15 having an opening 14 on the upper surface is provided on the horizontal reinforcing bar 1.
It was provided outside of 2 '(Fig. 8c). A pin anchor 16 or the like was used as the fixing means. The pocket 6 of the staircase mesh 4 (the horizontal rebar 1 on the outside thereof)
The vegetation base material 17 was put into the inside (excluding the pocket provided with 2 ') (FIG. 8c). In addition, it is desirable to wrap the vegetation base material 17 using the above-mentioned curing sheet so that the vegetation base material 17 and the concrete are not mixed when the concrete is poured, which will be described later. Concrete 10 was poured into the pocket 6, the vertical net body 13 and the horizontal net body 15 of the staircase net body 4 from the ready-mixed concrete car 9 to construct the staircase-like retaining wall A having the method frame B (Fig. 8).
d).

A wire mesh 18 was stretched on the front side of the stepped retaining wall A excluding the legal frame B (FIG. 8 e). The surface of the stepped retaining wall A was sprayed with a vegetation base material 19 containing seeds of herbs and woody plants (Fig. 8f). In order to confirm how it grew after one year, part of the concrete 10 was removed and a vegetation follow-up survey was carried out. As a result, the roots of the plants (Yamahagi) 20 passed through the vegetation base material 17 and reached the natural rock side. Was confirmed. In addition, it was also confirmed that the grown trees, etc., function to stop the fallen leaves, and that the fallen leaves, etc. are accumulated and the vegetation base is increasing.

Before the concrete 10 is poured, a protective plate 11 made of cardboard or the like is fixed in advance on the front surface of the vegetation base material 17 through the rising surface of the staircase net 4,
It is desirable to remove the protective plate 11 after placing the concrete 10. As a result, the vegetation base material 1
It is possible to surely eliminate the risk that the front surface of 7 and the rising surface of the staircase mesh body 4 overlapping with the front surface of 7 are covered with concrete.

[0021]

The invention of the method of constructing the stepped retaining wall has the following effects. That is, since the staircase net functions as a formwork, unlike the case where a general formwork is used, complicated work is unnecessary. Since each step of the stair-like net can be used as a work scaffold, work such as compaction of concrete can be easily performed. Since concrete is poured into the pocket of the staircase mesh instead of being sprayed, no special machine such as a spraying machine or a compressor is required. As described above, the workability is excellent and the work can be performed at low cost.

[0021] The concrete of the staircase mesh and the concrete are integrated by driving the concrete into the pocket of the staircase mesh, and the mud of the natural ground to the concrete is cast by the curing sheet stretched on the slope. Of the concrete is prevented, and excess water in the poured concrete is removed by passing through the staircase mesh and curing sheet, which improves the quality such as the strength of the concrete, so build a strong retaining wall. You can The strength can be further improved by constructing the legal framework at the same time.

When it is desired to provide a drainage means from the ground side to the front side, it is sufficient to put the drainage material into the inner bottom portion of the pocket of the staircase mesh before driving concrete into the pocket. Is easy and reliable.

The invention of the method for greening the stepped retaining wall has the following effects. That is, since the vegetation base material thrown into or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall is stabilized by the stepped portion of the stepped retaining wall, there is no risk of collapse. In addition, when the vegetation base material is thrown in or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall after the wire mesh is stretched on the front side of the stepped retaining wall, the wire mesh can more surely prevent the vegetation base material from collapsing. It However, since water such as spring water is supplied from the ground side through the vegetation base material that has been put into the pocket, greening of the retaining wall will be ensured. Furthermore, the root of the plant will penetrate the vegetation base material put into the pocket and reach the natural ground side, so that the vegetation base put or sprayed on the staircase-shaped retaining wall and its surface. Since the wood is integrated with the natural ground through the plants, it is possible to surely realize the construction of a robust retaining wall and its greening at the same time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a first embodiment of the invention of a method for constructing a stepped retaining wall.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a staircase mesh body.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the invention of a method of constructing a stepped retaining wall.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which vertical reinforcing bars and horizontal reinforcing bars are arranged in the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vertical net body and a horizontal net body are provided outside the vertical reinforcing bar and the horizontal reinforcing bar in the same manner as in Example 2.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a vertical net body.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a horizontal net body.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a partial cross section showing an embodiment of the invention of a method for greening a stepped retaining wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Slope 2 Curing Sheet 3 Opening 4 Stepped Mesh 5 Anchor 6 Pocket 7, 7'Reinforcing Bar 8 Drainage Material 10 Concrete 12 Longitudinal Reinforcing Bar 12 'Horizontal Reinforcing Bar 13 Longitudinal Mesh 14 Opening 15 Horizontal Mesh 17 Vegetation Base Material 18 Wire Mesh 19 Vegetation base material 20 Plant A Stepped retaining wall B Law frame

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A stiff mesh sheet is stretched on a slope, and then a staircase net having openings on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope by an anchor to form a pocket, and the staircase net is reinforced with reinforcing bars. Then, a method for constructing a staircase-shaped retaining wall is characterized in that concrete is placed in the pockets of the staircase-shaped mesh body to construct a staircase-shaped retaining wall. 2. A stairway having a curling sheet stretched on the slope, and a step-like net having openings on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope by an anchor to form a pocket, and stairs spaced from each other on the left and right sides. The vertical rebars are arranged between the corrugated net and the staircase net, and the horizontal rebars are arranged on the front side of the rising surface of the staircase net. On the outside of the vertical rebar, one-step horizontal net having an opening on the upper surface is provided on the outside of the horizontal rebar, respectively, and concrete is poured into the pockets of the stepped net, the vertical net and the horizontal net. A method for constructing a stepped retaining wall, characterized by constructing a stepped retaining wall having a legal frame. 3. Before pouring concrete into the pocket of the staircase-like net, after pouring a drainage material flowing from the natural side to the front side into the inner bottom of the pocket, pouring concrete into the pocket. The method for constructing a stepped retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2. 4. After a curing sheet is stretched on the slope, a staircase net having openings on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope by an anchor to form a pocket, and the staircase net is reinforced with reinforcing bars. Then, after placing the vegetation base material through which the roots of the plant penetrate from the front side to the ground side in the above pocket, concrete is placed in the pocket to construct a staircase-shaped retaining wall. A greening method for a staircase-like retaining wall in which vegetation base material is put or sprayed on the surface of the wall for vegetation. 5. After constructing the stepped retaining wall, wire mesh is stretched on the front side of the stepped retaining wall, and then vegetation base material is thrown into or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall for vegetation. Item 4. A method for greening a stepped retaining wall according to item 4. 6. A stairway having a curling sheet stretched on a slope, and a step-like net having an opening on the upper surface of each step is fixed to the slope by an anchor to form a pocket, and stairs spaced from each other on the left and right sides. The vertical rebars are arranged between the corrugated net and the staircase net, and the horizontal rebars are arranged on the front side of the rising surface of the staircase net. On the outside of the vertical reinforcing bar, one step horizontal net having an opening on the upper surface is provided on the outside of the horizontal reinforcing bar, respectively, and after the vegetation base material through which the root of the plant penetrates from the front side to the natural side in the pocket is put. , Concrete is placed in the pockets, vertical nets and horizontal nets to construct a stepped retaining wall having a legal frame, and the vegetation base material is put or sprayed on the surface of the stepped retaining wall for vegetation. A greening method for the stepped retaining wall. 7. After constructing a stair-like retaining wall having a slope,
The greening of the staircase-like retaining wall according to claim 6, wherein a wire mesh is stretched on the front side of the staircase-like retaining wall except the legal frame, and then the vegetation base material is put or sprayed on the surface of the staircase-like retaining wall for vegetation. Method.