JP2804956B2 - Vehicle operation information collection and analysis system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle operation information collection / analysis system for collecting vehicle operation information including information indicating the speed of a vehicle that changes every moment in the form of digital data, and analyzing the collected digital data. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle operation information collection and analysis system of this type is mounted on a vehicle, monitors a speed and a traveling distance that change every moment, converts a signal obtained by the monitoring into digital data, and converts the signal into an IC. An in-vehicle device, generally called a digital tachograph, which is generally recorded on a recording medium such as a memory card, and is arranged in an office or the like which manages a vehicle, reads digital data in a recording medium recorded by the in-vehicle device, and reads the read digital data. An analysis device that analyzes and collects vehicle operation information necessary for vehicle management is configured as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotation sensor which inputs a rotation corresponding to the rotation speed of an axle from a transmission 2 of a vehicle, converts the rotation into a pulse signal having a frequency proportional to the rotation speed, and outputs a pulse signal. This is an in-vehicle device that samples and inputs a pulse signal from the sensor 1, obtains an instantaneous speed and a traveling distance by calculation, performs predetermined data compression processing, and records the data. An IC memory card 4 as a portable recording medium can be detachably mounted on the vehicle-mounted device 3. By mounting the IC memory card 4 on the in-vehicle device 3, the speed, distance, and the like are recorded in the form of digital data.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 5 denotes an analyzer installed in an office or the like for controlling the operation of the vehicle. An IC memory card 4 removed from the in-vehicle device 3 is attached to the analyzer 5. In addition to reading digital data from the IC memory card 4 and saving it on a recording medium such as a floppy disk, it also collects vehicle operation information obtained by analyzing the saved digital data, and performs printing and display, In order to record data, the IC memory card 4 to be mounted on the in-vehicle device 3 and used is initialized and setting data is recorded.

In the system having the above-described configuration, the running speed and the running distance which change with time are analyzed on the analyzer side at various resolutions as shown in Table I below.
It is required to draw on a display screen (for example, 640 × 400 dots) or to print out the image on a printer (for example, 180 dpi).

[Table 1]

In order to cope with this, the in-vehicle apparatus compresses the digital data of the traveling speed every 0.5 seconds with respect to the traveling speed and records it in a predetermined area of the IC memory 4. Like that. One bit is assigned to the travel distance in the IC memory card 4 every 0.5 seconds, and each time the vehicle travels 100 m, the corresponding bit is set to 1 and, if necessary, compressed to obtain a digital value of the travel distance. Data is recorded in a predetermined area of the IC memory 4.

[0007]

However, in actual operation, it is extremely rare to display or print an enlarged graph of one hour, five minutes, or the like, and it is only used for accident analysis, and in most cases. Is limited to drawing for 24 hours, 10 hours, 8 hours, or printing for 24 hours at present.

In the above-described conventional system, when displaying or printing using any enlargement ratio, data for the display or printing is obtained by calculation from compressed data every 0.5 seconds. I have. For this reason, there is a problem that it takes a long time for the calculation, and it is difficult to immediately check the data with the eyes particularly when the data amount is large.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention collects vehicle operation information including information indicating the speed of a vehicle that changes every moment in the form of digital data, and analyzes the collected digital data. In an operation information collection / analysis system, a vehicle operation information collection / analysis system that enables high-speed drawing when a speed graph is drawn at various magnifications in an analysis device based on data collected by an in-vehicle device. It is intended to provide.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a system for collecting and analyzing vehicle operation information according to the present invention, as shown in the basic configuration diagram of FIG. Velocity compressed data formed by compression processing
And write it in a predetermined area of the portable recording medium 4
A first writing unit 31-1 creates speed time-series data including a speed maximum value and a speed minimum value generated during a period longer than the predetermined time, and writes the time-series data to the recording medium.
A second writing means 31-2, and the speed compression data
The in- vehicle device 3 that collects the vehicle operation information including the data and the speed time-series data, and the speed compression data and the speed time-series data written in the recording medium 4 are read and displayed or printed on one screen. An analysis device 5 is provided that creates and draws a graph using one of the speed compression data or the speed time-series data according to the size of time.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has been made.
The collected vehicle operation information collection and analysis system also
As shown in the configuration diagram, the speed measured at regular intervals
Speed compression data formed by compressing the
Speed maximum and speed minimum occurring during a longer period than between
Value and speed time-series data consisting of values
An in-vehicle device 3 that collects vehicle operation information by writing the
The amount of time displayed or printed on the screen
Determining means 51a-1 for determining based on the time per hit;
The time per dot is short by the determination means 51a-1.
When it is determined that the speed compression data is expanded and converted,
From the data obtained in
When set, graphs are respectively displayed by the speed series data.
And a graph creation display unit 51a-2 for creating and displaying
Speed compression data written on the recording medium 4
Data and speed time series data are read and displayed on one screen or
The speed compression data or according to the size of the printing time or
Create and draw a graph using one of the speed time series data
It is characterized by having an analyzing device 5 for defining the image.

[0013]

In the above configuration, the vehicle compressed information and the speed time-series data are written in the portable recording medium 4 in the vehicle-mounted device 3 to collect the vehicle operation information, and the analysis device 5 displays or prints the information on one screen. A graph is created and drawn using either the speed compression data or the speed time series data according to the size.

Therefore, when the time for displaying or printing on one screen is long, it is possible to immediately draw using the speed time-series data without expanding the compressed speed data.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows a specific configuration of an in-vehicle device constituting a part of the vehicle operation information collection / analysis system according to the present invention,
In the figure, an in-vehicle device 3 is a microcomputer (CPU) 31 that operates according to a predetermined control program.
Having. The CPU 31 stores an RO for storing a control program.
It has a built-in RAM 31b for storing various data for M31a and signal processing.

The CPU 31 has an interface (I /
F) The distance pulse signal from the rotation sensor 1 via 32 and the accessory (A) of the ignition (IGN) switch
CC) A signal indicating the state of the switch is input, and an IC memory card 4 as a recording medium is detachably connected via a connector (not shown). Reference numeral 33 denotes a setting switch for calculating a speed or a traveling distance based on a signal from the connected rotation sensor 1 and, for example, a setting switch for setting a predetermined value or the like according to the type thereof; A lid open detection switch for detecting the opening of a lid provided in the opening for performing the operation.

In the vehicle-mounted device 3 having the above-described configuration, when an IC memory card 4 in which a card ID for identifying a card is previously written is mounted, the card is mounted on the IC memory card 4. Compressed speed data and one-minute time-series data during each operation are written together with an operation ID for identifying each operation, which is defined as a period from when the lid is closed to when the lid is opened.

For this purpose, the CPU 31 inputs and processes a signal generated by the rotation sensor 1 in accordance with the running of the vehicle, measures the running speed of the vehicle every 0.5 seconds, and obtains the measured speed. The speed data is compressed and written to the IC memory card 4. In addition, the maximum and minimum speed values and the traveling distance for each minute are measured, and the one-minute time-series data obtained by this measurement is calculated as I
Write to C memory card 4.

FIG. 3 shows a format for writing to the IC memory card 4. In FIG.
Are the card ID writing area 41 and the operation I
And D areas 42 ₁ to 42n, the time series data area 43 ₁ to 43n 1 minute, and the speed compressed data area 44 ₁ to 44n, made up of option data area 45..

The above 1 minute time series data area 43 _{1 to} 4
3n is the maximum speed V for each run for one minute from the start of each operation.
n _max , minimum speed Vn _min and a predetermined resolution, for example, 1
It consists of a traveling distance Dn in units of 00 m.

The speed-compressed data every 0.5 seconds is analyzed when the drawing time on one screen is short and the enlargement ratio is large, and the one-minute time series data is analyzed when the drawing time on one screen is long and the enlargement ratio is small. Each is selected and used in the device.

The operation of the vehicle-mounted device 3 for writing data in the format shown in FIG. 3 will be described below with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. The CPU 31 starts operation when the power is turned on, and performs initialization in the first step S1. In the initialization in step S1,
Various flags, which will be described later, are set to 0, and areas used for various processes are cleared. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S2 to determine whether or not the ACC of the IGN switch is in an on state. When the determination in step S2 is YES, the process proceeds to step S3, in which the state of the lid open detection switch 34 for detecting the opening of the lid provided in the opening for inserting and removing the IC memory card 4 is determined. It is determined whether writing is possible.

If the determination in step S3 is YES, the process proceeds to step S4 to determine whether or not IDOKF (flag) is 1. If the determination is NO, the process proceeds to step S5 to set IDOKF to 1 and then proceeds to step S5. The process proceeds to S6, where a card start process involving reading and writing of a card related to the mounting of the IC memory card 5 is performed, and then proceeds to step S7. If the determination in step S4 is YES, the process skips steps S5 and S6 and proceeds to step S7.

In step S7, the CPU 31
After performing the clock processing for the clock that counts the time of year, month, day, hour, minute, and second configured in the RAM 31b, the process proceeds to step S8. In step S8, it is determined whether or not 0.5 seconds have elapsed. If the determination is YES, the process proceeds to step S9, where the speed is calculated based on the distance pulse input from the rotation sensor 1, and the next step In S10, time-series data processing is performed on the calculated speed.

Subsequently, the flow advances to step S11 to perform compression processing on the calculated speed, and then to step S14.
Proceed to. When the determination in step S8 is NO,
That is, when 0.5 second has not elapsed, the above-described step S is performed.
Skip steps 9 through S11 and proceed to step S14. In step S14, a clock is displayed, and the process returns to step S2.

If the determination in step S2 is NO, that is, if the ACC of the IGN switch is in the OFF state, the process proceeds to step S15 to put the CPU 31 in the sleep state, and then proceeds to step S16, where the same clock processing as in step S7 is performed. Is performed, and in the next step S17, the same determination as in the above 2 is performed, and the determination in step S17 is NO.
In step S15, the process returns to step S15, the ACC of the IGN switch is turned on, and the determination in step S17 is Y.
Steps S15 to S17 are repeated until ES is reached,
If the determination in step S17 is YES, the process returns to step S2.

If the determination in step S3 is NO, that is, the state of the lid open detection switch 34 for detecting the opening of the lid provided in the opening for inserting and removing the IC memory card 4, the IC memory card 4 If it is determined that writing cannot be performed, the process proceeds to step S18, where the ID
It is determined whether or not OKF is 1 and this step S18
Is YES in step S19.
OKF is set to 0, the card end processing is performed in the next step S20, and the process returns to the step S2. If the determination in step S18 is NO, step S1
Steps 9 and S20 are skipped and the process returns to step S2.

The time series data processing in step S10 is specifically performed by executing the flowcharts shown in FIGS. In order to execute this flowchart, various areas as shown in FIG. 8 are prepared in a predetermined area of the RAM 31b. That is, VMAX storing the maximum speed value, VMIN storing the minimum speed value, 1 minute counter area TIME, and card address pointer A
P, a distance area DSP, and a 100 m count area SP are prepared.

In the time series data processing, in the first step S10a, it is determined whether or not the current speed calculated in the step S9 is larger than the value stored in VMAX in the RAM 31b. If YES, the process proceeds to step S10b, where the current speed is stored in VMAX instead of the previous value, and then step S10b is executed.
Proceed to 10c. On the other hand, the determination in step S10a is N
In the case of O, step S10b is skipped and step S1
Go to 0c.

In step S10c, it is determined whether or not the current speed calculated in step S9 is smaller than a value stored in VMIN in the RAM 31b. If the determination is YES, the process proceeds to step S10d to proceed to VMIN. Then, the current speed is stored instead of the previous value, and the process proceeds to step S10e. On the other hand, step S1
When the determination of 0c is NO, the process skips step S10d and proceeds to step S10e.

In step S10e, it is determined whether or not 100 mF (flag), which will be described later, is 1. If the determination is YES, the process proceeds to step S10f, where 1 is set.
00mF is set to 0. Next, the process proceeds to step S10g, where the DSP is incremented.
Is set to DSP + 1 before proceeding to step S10i. On the other hand, if the determination in step S10e is NO, steps S10f to S10g are skipped and step S10i is skipped.
Proceed to.

In step S10i, it is determined whether one minute has elapsed. If the determination in step S10i is YES, the process proceeds to step S10j, where I
The value stored in VMAX at the address M (AP) specified by the card address pointer AP of the C memory card 4, the value stored in VMIN at the next address M (AP + 1), and the next address D for (AP + 2)
Write the contents of the SP. Then, in the next step S10k, AP + 3 is stored in the AP to prepare the next write address, and then the process proceeds to step S11.
On the other hand, if the determination in step S10i is NO, that is, if one minute has not elapsed, the process proceeds to step S10i.
The process skips j and S10k and proceeds to step S11.

When a distance pulse is input from the rotation sensor 1 in the process of executing the flowcharts of FIGS. 5 and 6, the interrupt flowchart of FIG. 7 is executed, and SP is incremented in the first step S21. That is, SP is set to SP + 1. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S22 to determine whether or not the vehicle has traveled 100 m according to the content of the SP. If the determination in step S22 is YES, the process proceeds to step S23, where SP is set to 0. In subsequent step S24, 100 mF is set to 1 and the original value is set. Return to step. On the other hand, when the determination in step S22 is NO,
That is, when the vehicle has not traveled for 100 m, the process skips steps S23 and S24 and immediately returns to the original step.

The compression processing in step S11 is performed by applying the speed calculated in step S9 to the address in the IC memory card 4 designated by the address pointer every 0.5 seconds in the opposite direction to the operation ID time-series data. Writing is performed from a position having a large address. As a specific method of this compression, for example, the method proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-53673 can be applied.

With the above operation, the data composed of the compressed speed data and the one-minute time series data as shown in FIG. 3 is written into the IC memory card 4 in the on-vehicle device 3, and this data is analyzed as described later. It is read and analyzed by the device 5.

On the other hand, the analysis device 5 installed in a vehicle management office of a transportation company that manages the operation of vehicles has a specific configuration as shown in FIG. It has a personal computer (personal computer) 51 that operates. The personal computer 51 includes a personal computer main body 51a, a keyboard 51b connected thereto, and a CR.
T51c, floppy disk (FD) driver 51d,
Printer 51e and card reader / writer (R / W) 5
1f is connected.

[0037] In the analyzing apparatus 5, by starting wearing the program floppy disk (FD) 51 g ₁ which stores such analysis program to floppy disk driver 51d, installed in the card R / W51f removed from the vehicle-mounted device 3 is read operational data from the IC memory card 4, or whether this or save the data floppy disk (FD) 51 g ₂ are attached to the FD driver 51d, to analyze the operational data read from the IC memory card 4 directly once analyzing the operational data that is saved in the data FD51g _2, list obtained as a result of this analysis, operation management table, graph, and safety management table C
In addition to displaying on the RT 51c or printing by the printer 51e, initialization of the IC memory card 4 mounted on the in-vehicle device 3 for use in recording operation data and recording of setting data are performed.

In the analyzing device 5 having the above-described configuration, the personal computer main body 51a executes the work shown in the flowchart of FIG. That is, the personal computer main body 51a executes the program F
Start by mounting D51g _1, the processing menu screen in the first step S31 the CRT51
c. Then, the process proceeds to step S32, where the selection by the ten keys of the keyboard 51b is waited.

When the card reading is selected by the ten keys of the keyboard 51b, the flow advances to step S33 to perform card reading processing for reading operation data from the IC memory card 4 mounted on the card R / W 51f, and then to step S34. After the operation data is read and the operation data is stored, the process proceeds to step S35, where the card is initialized, and the next step S36 is performed.
Waits for selection by setting data.

The FD is operated by the ten keys on the keyboard 51b.
When the reading is selected, the process proceeds to step S37 and the FD
Waits for selection by the setting data proceeds to the step S36 after performing the FD reading process of reading the operational data from the data FD51g ₂ mounted on the driver 51d.

When the card confirmation processing is selected by the ten keys of the keyboard 51b, the process proceeds to step S38, where the IC memory card 4 mounted on the card R / W 51f is read.
Perform a card confirmation process to confirm. Then step S3
The process proceeds to step S9, where a FW change process for changing a free word (FW) is performed. In step S40, a card reuse process is performed, and the process returns to the menu screen in step S31. When the end is selected in step S32, the end processing is performed in step S41, and the operation ends.

In the above step S36, one of the list creation and display processing in step S42, the operation management table creation and display processing in step S43, the graph creation and display processing in step S44, and the safety management table creation and display processing in step S45 is selected. Perform processing. After the execution of steps S42 to S45, the process proceeds to step S46 to wait for selection by the function keys of the keyboard 51b.

According to the selection by the function keys in step S46, a list creation and display process in step S47, an operation management table creation and display process in step S48, a safety management table creation and display process in step S49, a graph creation and display process in step S50, After performing the printing process in step S51, the process returns to step S46, and the process returns to step S31 by non-selection.

In the graph creation and display processing in steps S44 and S50, data output processing to the CRT 61c or the printer 61e is performed by selecting one screen time shown in Table I above. During normal operation, 24 hours, 10 hours or 8 hours of display or printing is performed.
Drawing can be performed based on minute / time series data. At the time of analyzing the accident, display or printing for 12 minutes, 5 minutes or 4 minutes is performed, and drawing is performed on these based on speed development data created by expanding compressed speed data. If the resolution on the time axis exceeds 1 minute, select a resolution that is an integral multiple of 1 minute.

The graph creation and display process for creating and displaying a graph using the compression speed data and the one-minute time series data as described above will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.

In the graph creation and display process, in the first step S101, it is determined whether or not one dot of the graph is longer than one minute. This determination can be made by determining whether one screen time is 8 hours or more. If the determination in step S101 is YES, in the case of normal operation, the process proceeds to step S102, and it is determined whether or not one dot is 2 or 3 minutes. Step S102
If the determination is YES, that is, if the display is for 24 hours, the process proceeds to step S103 and the one-minute time-series data is
Or, after converting the data into 3-minute time series data, step S104
Proceed to. If the determination in step S102 is NO, step S103 is skipped and the process proceeds to step S104.

When the determination in step S101 is NO, that is, when one dot of the graph is not longer than one minute, the case proceeds to step S105 in which the compressed data is expanded in the case of accident analysis. The decompressed data is converted into time-series data of a unit time (less than one minute) as shown in FIG.
At 07, the expanded data is converted into time-series data (distance) as shown in FIG. 4 by integration, and the process proceeds to step S104.

In step S104, n is set to 0,
In the next step S108, Vn and Dn are displayed, and in the next step S109, n is incremented, that is, n is set to n + 1, and the process proceeds to step S110. In step S110, it is determined whether or not n is equal to N. If the determination is NO, the process proceeds to step S1.
Returning to step S10, the time-series data obtained by the conversion in the above-described step is processed in step S10 until the last one is displayed.
8 to 110 are repeated. When the determination in step S110 is YES, the process ends and returns to the original state.

As is clear from the description of the flowcharts of FIGS. 10 and 11, the personal computer 5 of the analyzer 5
The first main body 51a determines a magnitude of time to be displayed or printed on one screen based on a time per dot of a graph, and determines that the time per dot is short by the determination means 51a-1. Graph creation display means 51a-2 for creating and displaying a graph based on the speed sequence data when it is determined that the time per dot is long based on data obtained by expanding and converting the speed compression data when determined. Work as

Since the one-minute time series data is collected, the average speed can be easily obtained from the one-minute travel distance Dn. It is possible to switch between three screens at high speed, one by a line connecting the values and the minimum value vertically, and one by the average speed.

The capacity of the IC memory card 4 can be calculated as follows: 24 × 60 × 3 =
4320 bytes (per day) increase, but if the required capacity per day is 65536 (64K) bytes, the total capacity is 7
% Or less, and the effect of speeding up is greater.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, speed-compressed data and speed time-series data are collected in the on-vehicle device, and the speed is displayed or printed on one screen in the analysis device. If one of the compressed data or speed time series data is used to create and draw a graph and the time to display or print on one screen is long, the speed time series data is used without expanding the speed compression data. The effect is that when the speed graph is drawn at various magnifications in the analysis device based on the data collected in the vehicle-mounted device, the drawing can be performed at high speed. can get.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of a vehicle operation information collection and analysis system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of a vehicle-mounted device of the system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a format of data written to an IC memory card by the in-vehicle device in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of time-series data.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing tasks performed by a CPU of the vehicle-mounted device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing details of a part in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing details of another part in FIG. 5;

8 is a diagram showing various areas prepared in a RAM for executing the flowchart of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of a system analysis device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing work performed by a personal computer of the analyzer of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing details of a part of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional general vehicle operation information collection and analysis system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 3 in-vehicle device 4 storage medium (IC memory card) 5 analysis device 31-1 first writing means (CPU) 31-2 second writing means (CPU) 51a-1 determination means (personal computer body) 51a-2 graph creation Display means (PC body)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A portable storage device that generates speed compression data formed by performing a compression process on a speed measured at predetermined time intervals.
First writing means for writing to a predetermined area of a recording medium ;
Create speed time series data consisting of a speed maximum value and a speed minimum value occurring during a period longer than the predetermined time,
And second writing means for writing to the recording medium.
Reading and vehicle device for collecting <br/> vehicle operation information comprising a serial rate compressed data and the rate time-series data, the speed compressed data and the velocity time series data written on the recording medium, on one screen A vehicle operation information collection / analysis system, comprising: an analyzer that creates and draws a graph by using one of the speed compression data or the speed time-series data in accordance with the amount of time for displaying or printing. 2. The speed measured at regular intervals is compressed.
The speed compression data formed by processing and the fixed time
The maximum speed and minimum speed that occur over a long period of time
Speed time-series data written on a portable recording medium
And the size of the time to display or print on one screen in one graph
Determination means for determining based on the time per unit,
When the time per dot is determined to be short by the column
The data obtained by expanding and converting the speed-compressed data
When the time per dot is determined to be long,
Create and display graphs based on speed series data
Writing and displaying on the recording medium.
Read speed compressed data and speed time series data
Depending on the amount of time displayed or printed on one screen
One of the speed compression data or the speed time series data
Vehicle driving information collection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an analysis device and to create a use graph drawing.