JP2801779B2 - Ferritic stainless steel with excellent high-temperature strength and weldability - Google Patents

Ferritic stainless steel with excellent high-temperature strength and weldability

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Publication number
JP2801779B2
JP2801779B2 JP2407856A JP40785690A JP2801779B2 JP 2801779 B2 JP2801779 B2 JP 2801779B2 JP 2407856 A JP2407856 A JP 2407856A JP 40785690 A JP40785690 A JP 40785690A JP 2801779 B2 JP2801779 B2 JP 2801779B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
less
workability
temperature strength
weldability
stainless steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
JP2407856A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH04228539A (en
Inventor
崎 淳 宮
城 工 宇
岡 高 明 豊
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高温強度と溶接部の加
工性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼に関するもので
ある。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ferritic stainless steel excellent in high-temperature strength and weldability.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、耐熱・耐酸化性材料として、フェ
ライト系ステンレス鋼が使用される場合が多い。その理
由は、フェライト系ステンレス鋼は、オーステナイト系
ステンレス鋼に比べて、 (1)熱膨張率が低い、即ち熱疲労特性に有利である、 (2)他の部品(鋼+鋳物)に対する接合が容易であ
る、 (3)繰り返し加熱を受けるような環境下での耐酸化性
に優れている、 などの利点があるからである。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, ferritic stainless steel is often used as a heat and oxidation resistant material. The reason is that ferritic stainless steel has (1) a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, that is, is advantageous in thermal fatigue properties, as compared with austenitic stainless steel. (2) joining to other parts (steel + casting) This is because there are advantages such as easiness and (3) excellent oxidation resistance in an environment subjected to repeated heating.

【0003】しかしながら、フェライト系ステンレス鋼
は、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼に比べて高温強度及
び溶接部の加工性の点で劣っているため、おのずと使用
範囲が限定され、高温強度と溶接部の加工性が問題とさ
れる用途には適合し難い。
However, ferritic stainless steel is inferior in high-temperature strength and weldability to austenitic stainless steel, so that the range of use is naturally limited, and high-temperature strength and weldability are poor. It is difficult to adapt to the application in question.

【0004】例えば、近年の自動車部品でいえば、エン
ジンの高性能化、即ち出力アップ、燃費向上の要求か
ら、排気系パイプの中では従来の850℃を超え、90
0℃程度の使用環境になる場合もあり、高温強度の向上
が望まれている。
For example, in the case of recent automobile parts, the demand for higher performance of the engine, that is, higher output and higher fuel efficiency, requires that the exhaust pipe exceed 850 ° C.
In some cases, the use environment may be about 0 ° C., and improvement in high-temperature strength is desired.

【0005】さらに、排気系パイプはますますその形状
が複雑化し、溶接部の加工性が十分でない場合、パイプ
加工中にその溶接部が脆化割れする場合がみられる。強
度が上昇すれば、加工性は劣る傾向になるため、強度の
み向上しても、排ガス系パイプのような部品には使用で
きない。
[0005] Further, the shape of the exhaust pipe becomes more and more complicated, and when the workability of the welded portion is not sufficient, the welded portion sometimes undergoes brittle cracking during pipe processing. If the strength is increased, the workability tends to be inferior. Therefore, even if only the strength is improved, it cannot be used for parts such as exhaust gas pipes.

【0006】現状は、一般にSUH409L(0.01
C−11Cr−0.2Ti)又はSUS430LX
(0.01C−18Cr−0.3Nb)が用いられてい
るが、溶接部の加工性に優れ、かつ、高温強度の改善が
強く望まれていた。
At present, SUH409L (0.01
C-11Cr-0.2Ti) or SUS430LX
Although (0.01C-18Cr-0.3Nb) is used, it has been strongly desired to improve the workability of the welded portion and to improve the high-temperature strength.

【0007】ところで、改良された高温特性を有するフ
ェライト鋼合金として特開昭56-25953が知られている。
しかし、この鋼は、クリープ特性を改良したものであ
り、必ずしも高温強度が高いとは言えず、溶接部の加工
性も十分とは言えない。
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-25953 is known as a ferritic steel alloy having improved high-temperature characteristics.
However, this steel has improved creep characteristics, does not necessarily have high high-temperature strength, and cannot be said to have sufficient workability in a welded portion.

【0008】また、特開昭64-8254 において高温強度、
溶接高温割れ感受性を改良した素材が開示されている
が、これとてもMnとSの関係から溶接高温割れ感受性
を改良していると言っても、溶接部加工性の問題は依然
として残っている。
Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 64-8254 discloses a high temperature strength,
Although a material with improved hot cracking susceptibility is disclosed, the problem of weldability still remains, even though it is said that the material has improved welding hot cracking susceptibility due to the relationship between Mn and S.

【0009】[0009]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、本発明の目的
は、フェライト系ステンレス鋼の高温強度を高め、同時
に溶接部の加工性に優れるフェライト系ステンレス鋼を
提供しようとするものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ferritic stainless steel having improved high-temperature strength of a ferritic stainless steel and, at the same time, excellent workability of a welded portion.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記問題点、
即ち、(1)高温強度(2)溶接部加工性について、各
種実験、検討を行い、(1)については、C,N,Nb
の成分バランスとMo量、(2)については、極低C,
Nにした上でVの添加によって高温強度および溶接部加
工性を著しく向上する事を見出し本発明に至った。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides the above-mentioned problems,
That is, various experiments and examinations were conducted on (1) high-temperature strength and (2) workability of the welded portion, and for (1), C, N, Nb
For the component balance and Mo amount of (2), the extremely low C,
It has been found that after adding N, the addition of V significantly improves the high-temperature strength and the workability of the welded portion, leading to the present invention.

【0011】すなわち、本発明は、 C :0.007 wt%以下、 Si:1.0wt%以下、 V :0.05wt%以上0.4wt%以下、 Mn:0.4wt%以下、 P :0.03wt%以下、 Mo:0.05wt%以上2.5wt%以下、 S :0.004 wt%以下、 Cr:16wt%以上20wt%以下、 N :0.007 wt%以下、 O :0.005 wt%以下 を含み、さらにNbを0.4wt%以上1.0wt%以
下でかつNb≦−107×(C+N)+2.0を満足す
る範囲にて含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物か
らなることを特徴とする高温強度と溶接部の加工性に優
れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼を提供するものである。
That is, in the present invention, C: 0.007 wt% or less, Si: 1.0 wt% or less, V: 0.05 to 0.4 wt%, Mn: 0.4 wt% or less, P: 0.03 wt% %: Mo: 0.05 wt% to 2.5 wt%, S: 0.004 wt% or less, Cr: 16 wt% to 20 wt%, N: 0.007 wt% or less, O: 0.005 wt% or less, and further Nb In a range not less than 0.4 wt% and not more than 1.0 wt% and satisfying Nb ≦ −107 × (C + N) +2.0, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. An object of the present invention is to provide a ferritic stainless steel having excellent weldability.

【0012】上記発明において、Coおよび/またはA
lを0.2wt%以下添加してもよい。
In the above invention, Co and / or A
1 may be added in an amount of 0.2 wt% or less.

【0013】[0013]

【作用】以下に本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。The present invention will be described below in more detail.

【0014】まず本発明において各成分組成範囲を限定
した理由を説明する。
First, the reason for limiting the composition range of each component in the present invention will be described.

【0015】C:0.007 wt%以下 Cは母材、溶接部加工性に有害なため、特に0.007 wt
%以下とする。
C: 0.007 wt% or less C is harmful to the base metal and the workability of the welded portion, and therefore, particularly 0.007 wt%.
% Or less.

【0016】Si:1.0wt%以下 Siは耐酸化性の向上に有効であるが、1.0wt%を
越えると靭性、加工性を低下させるため上限を1.0w
t%とした。
Si: 1.0 wt% or less Si is effective for improving the oxidation resistance. However, if it exceeds 1.0 wt%, the toughness and workability are reduced, so the upper limit is set to 1.0 W.
t%.

【0017】Mn:0.4wt%以下 Mnは加工性の点で少ない程よいが、本用途では、0.
4wt%まで許容できる。
Mn: 0.4 wt% or less Mn is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of workability, but in this application, it is preferable that Mn is 0.1 wt.
Up to 4 wt% is acceptable.

【0018】P:0.03wt%以下 加工性の点で少ない程よいが、本用途では0.03wt
%まで許容できる。
P: 0.03% by weight or less The smaller the better, the better in terms of workability.
% Is acceptable.

【0019】S:0.004 wt%以下 溶接部加工性の点からSは低い程好ましいが、Nb,
V,C,Nを適性にバランスさせているため、上限とし
ての0.004 wt%まで許容できる。
S: 0.004 wt% or less S is preferably as low as possible from the viewpoint of workability of the welded portion.
Since V, C, and N are appropriately balanced, an upper limit of 0.004 wt% can be tolerated.

【0020】Cr:16〜20wt% Crは耐酸化性を付与する主要元素であるが、16wt
%未満では900℃程度での耐酸化性が不十分であるの
で下限を16wt%とした。一方20wt%を越えると
靭性、加工性の劣化が激しくなるため20wt%を上限
とした。
Cr: 16 to 20 wt% Cr is a main element for imparting oxidation resistance.
%, The oxidation resistance at about 900 ° C. is insufficient, so the lower limit was set to 16 wt%. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by weight, the toughness and workability are greatly deteriorated.

【0021】N:0.007 wt%以下 Cと同じく母材、溶接部加工性に有害なため、特に0.00
7 wt%以下とする。
N: 0.007 wt% or less Like C, it is harmful to the base material and the workability of the welded portion.
It should be 7 wt% or less.

【0022】O:0.005 wt%以下 C,N同様にOも溶接部加工性に大きな影響を及ぼす。
そのため0.005 wt%以下にする。
O: 0.005 wt% or less Like C and N, O also has a significant effect on weldability.
Therefore, the content is made 0.005 wt% or less.

【0023】Nb:0.4〜1.0wt% 高温強度向上のために添加される。図1に示すようにM
o−V添加系において、式Nb≦−107×(C+
N)+2.0を満足しない場合、溶接部加工性が著しく
劣化する。Nbが0.4wt%未満では高温強度が低い
ため、又1.0wt%を超えると著しく溶接部のエリク
センが劣化するため、Nb量を0.4〜1.0wt%に
限定する。
Nb: 0.4-1.0 wt% Nb is added for improving the high temperature strength. As shown in FIG.
In the o-V addition system, the formula Nb ≦ −107 × (C +
If N) +2.0 is not satisfied, the workability of the welded portion is significantly deteriorated. If Nb is less than 0.4 wt%, the high-temperature strength is low, and if it exceeds 1.0 wt%, the Erichsen of the weld deteriorates remarkably, so the Nb content is limited to 0.4 to 1.0 wt%.

【0024】Mo:0.05〜2.5wt% Moは高温強度を向上させるために添加するが、0.0
5wt%以上の添加によりその効果が現れる。一方、多
量に含有すると溶接部加工性が劣化するため、Moは
0.05wt%以上2.5wt%以下とする。
Mo: 0.05-2.5 wt% Mo is added to improve the high temperature strength.
The effect is exhibited by addition of 5 wt% or more. On the other hand, if it is contained in a large amount, the workability of the welded portion is deteriorated.

【0025】V:0.05〜0.4wt% Vは本発明において非常に重要な元素である。溶接部の
加工性は、Mo−Nb含有鋼の場合、極低C,Nとした
上で、V含有によって著しく向上する。この点について
は、実施例において説明するが、この効果はV0.05
wt%によって現れる。しかし、Vが0.4wt%を越
えると、むしろ溶接部加工性を劣化させるため、Vを
0.05wt%以上0.4wt%以下に制限する。
V: 0.05-0.4 wt% V is a very important element in the present invention. In the case of Mo-Nb-containing steel, the workability of the welded portion is significantly improved by the inclusion of V after setting the extremely low C and N. This point will be described in Examples, but this effect is obtained by V0.05.
Appears by wt%. However, if V exceeds 0.4 wt%, the workability of the welded portion is rather deteriorated, so V is limited to 0.05 wt% or more and 0.4 wt% or less.

【0026】Coおよび/またはAlは上記成分に選択
的に加えるものである。
Co and / or Al are selectively added to the above components.

【0027】Co:0.2wt%以下 Coはオーステナイトフォーマ元素であり、フェライト
鋼の加工性、靭性を改善する。しかし、0.2wt%を
越えると、逆に加工性が低下するので上限を0.2wt
%とする。
Co: 0.2 wt% or less Co is an austenite former element and improves the workability and toughness of ferritic steel. However, when the content exceeds 0.2 wt%, the workability is conversely reduced.
%.

【0028】Al:0.2wt%以下 Alは脱酸剤として一般に用いられるが、0.2wt%
までは鋼中のNの固定にも有効であり、加工性を向上さ
せる。0.2wt%を越えると、逆に加工性を劣化させ
るため、0.2wt%を上限とする。
Al: 0.2 wt% or less Al is generally used as a deoxidizing agent.
Up to the above is also effective for fixing N in steel, and improves workability. If it exceeds 0.2 wt%, the workability will be degraded, so the upper limit is 0.2 wt%.

【0029】[0029]

【実施例】以下実施例により、この発明を具体的に説明
する。
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples.

【0030】(実施例1)表1に示す種々の組成の供試
料を、実験室にて30kg鋼塊から熱間圧延、焼鈍、冷
間圧延により1.5mm厚、2.0mm厚の冷延板とし
てつくり、これらを1000℃で焼鈍し、酸洗した後、
1.5mmの鋼板を母材部と、溶接部のエリクセン試験
へ、2.0mmの鋼板を900℃高温引張試験に供し
た。
Example 1 Samples of various compositions shown in Table 1 were subjected to hot rolling, annealing, and cold rolling from a 30 kg steel ingot in a laboratory by cold rolling to a thickness of 1.5 mm or 2.0 mm. After making them as plates, annealing them at 1000 ° C and pickling them,
A 1.5 mm steel sheet was subjected to an Erichsen test of a base metal part and a welded part, and a 2.0 mm steel sheet was subjected to a 900 ° C. high temperature tensile test.

【0031】通常、高温強度は熱延板又は鋳造後丸棒に
よって測定されることが多いが、強度は素材の析出状態
に大きく影響されるため、実使用される状態即ち冷延焼
鈍板を用いて測定した。
Usually, the high-temperature strength is often measured using a hot-rolled sheet or a round bar after casting. However, since the strength is greatly affected by the precipitation state of the material, the state in which it is actually used, that is, a cold-rolled annealed sheet is used. Measured.

【0032】溶接は、電圧10V、電流130A、溶接
速度600mm/min、片面Ar15リットル/mi
n雰囲気の条件でおこなった。
The welding was performed at a voltage of 10 V, a current of 130 A, a welding speed of 600 mm / min, and a single-sided Ar of 15 liter / mi.
The test was performed under the conditions of n atmosphere.

【0033】図1には、高温強度と溶接部加工性の結果
をNbとC+Nに関してまとめて示す。これらは、すべ
て18Cr−V−Mo系である。優れた溶接部加工性お
よび高い高温強度を有するには、Nb0.4〜1.0w
t%かつNb≦−107×(C+N)+2.0を満たす
必要があることがわかる。
FIG. 1 collectively shows the results of the high-temperature strength and the workability of the welded portion with respect to Nb and C + N. These are all 18Cr-V-Mo type. To have excellent weldability and high-temperature strength, Nb 0.4-1.0w
It is understood that it is necessary to satisfy t% and Nb ≦ −107 × (C + N) +2.0.

【0034】表1に示す組成は、図1中に番号を付して
ある代表例およびCo,Al添加鋼、ならびにSUH4
09L,SUS430LXのものである。
The compositions shown in Table 1 are the typical examples and the Co, Al-added steel, and the SUH4 numbered in FIG.
09L, SUS430LX.

【0035】表2には、供試材の高温引張強度(TS,
900℃)と、母材部、溶接部の加工性(エリクセン
値)を示す。特にSUS430LXは850℃の強度
2.6kgf/mm2 も同時に示した。
Table 2 shows the high temperature tensile strength (TS,
900 ° C.) and the workability (Erichsen value) of the base material and the welded part. In particular, SUS430LX also exhibited a strength at 850 ° C. of 2.6 kgf / mm 2 .

【0036】エリクセン値の評価方法は以下の通りであ
る。 ◎ 10mm以上 ○ 5〜10mm × 5mm未満
The method for evaluating the Erichsen value is as follows. ◎ 10mm or more ○ 5-10mm × less than 5mm

【0037】発明鋼の900℃の強度は、すべてTS≧
2.6であり、SUS430LXよりも50°高温まで
使用できることがわかる。図1のような適切なNbとC
+Nのバランスを満たしていてもV無添加(No11)
の場合、溶接部加工性が低い。又V過剰添加(No1
3)の場合、母材、溶接部共に加工性が低い。
The strength of the invention steel at 900 ° C. is all TS ≧
2.6, which means that it can be used up to 50 ° higher than SUS430LX. Appropriate Nb and C as shown in FIG.
No V added even if + N balance is satisfied (No11)
In the case of, weldability is low. V excess addition (No1)
In the case of 3), both the base material and the welded portion have low workability.

【0038】さらに、No12のように、C,N,Nb
バランスが本発明範囲からはずれている場合、例えVを
添加したとしても、溶接部加工性が低いことがわかる。
このように、V添加の効果は、C,N,Nbを特にバラ
ンスさせた時にはじめて明確になる。
Further, as shown in No. 12, C, N, Nb
When the balance is out of the range of the present invention, it can be seen that the weldability is low even when V is added.
As described above, the effect of V addition becomes clear only when C, N, and Nb are particularly balanced.

【0039】又No6,7,14の比較から、Mo添加
による高温強度向上は0.05wt%以上で著しい。又
No15のようにMo過剰添加はたとえC,N,Nb,
Vが本発明範囲に入っていても、溶接部、母材部の加工
性が劣化する。さらにNo1とNo8,No9の比較に
より、CoまたはAlの添加は、母材部の加工性を向上
させることがわかる。
From the comparison of Nos. 6, 7, and 14, the improvement in high-temperature strength by adding Mo is remarkable at 0.05 wt% or more. In addition, as in No. 15, Mo excess addition is performed even when C, N, Nb,
Even if V falls within the range of the present invention, the workability of the welded portion and the base material portion is deteriorated. Furthermore, from the comparison between No. 1 and No. 8 and No. 9, it can be seen that the addition of Co or Al improves the workability of the base material.

【0040】従って高温強度を向上させ、かつ溶接部加
工性をエリクセン値で5mm以上得るには、適切なC,
N,Nbのバランス上で、Mo添加しかつ微量Vも添加
すればよいことがわかる。
Therefore, in order to improve the high-temperature strength and obtain a weldability of 5 mm or more in Erichsen value, appropriate C,
It can be seen that it is only necessary to add Mo and a small amount of V on the balance between N and Nb.

【0041】[0041]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0042】[0042]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0043】[0043]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、C,N,Nbのバラン
スを保ち、Vの複合添加により高温強度の向上と共に、
溶接部の加工性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼を提
供できる。さらにCoおよび/またはAlを添加するこ
とにより、より母材の加工性に優れたフェライト系ステ
ンレス鋼を提供できる。従って、例えば900℃程度に
おいて使用される自動車排気装置に本発明鋼は特に好適
に用いることができる。
According to the present invention, the balance of C, N, and Nb is maintained, and the high-temperature strength is improved by the combined addition of V.
A ferritic stainless steel having excellent weldability can be provided. Further, by adding Co and / or Al, a ferritic stainless steel having more excellent workability of the base material can be provided. Therefore, the steel of the present invention can be particularly suitably used, for example, in an automobile exhaust system used at about 900 ° C.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】18Cr−Mo−V添加系において、Nb,C
+N量が高温強度と溶接部加工性にどのような影響をす
るかを示すグラフである。
FIG. 1. Nb, C in 18Cr—Mo—V added system
4 is a graph showing how the + N amount affects high-temperature strength and weldability.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭51−1312(JP,A) 特開 昭54−87629(JP,A) 特開 平1−8254(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) C22C 38/00 - 38/60────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-51-1312 (JP, A) JP-A-54-87629 (JP, A) JP-A-1-8254 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) C22C 38/00-38/60

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】C :0.007 wt%以下、 Si:1.0wt%以下、 V :0.05wt%以上0.4wt%以下、 Mn:0.4wt%以下、 P :0.03wt%以下、 Mo:0.05wt%以上2.5wt%以下、 S :0.004 wt%以下、 Cr:16wt%以上20wt%以下、 N :0.007 wt%以下、 O :0.005 wt%以下 を含み、さらにNbを0.4wt%以上1.0wt%以
下でかつNb≦−107×(C+N)+2.0を満足す
る範囲にて含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物か
らなることを特徴とする高温強度と溶接部の加工性に優
れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼
C: 0.007 wt% or less, Si: 1.0 wt% or less, V: 0.05 wt% to 0.4 wt%, Mn: 0.4 wt% or less, P: 0.03 wt% or less, Mo : 0.05 wt% to 2.5 wt%, S: 0.004 wt% or less, Cr: 16 wt% to 20 wt%, N: 0.007 wt% or less, O: 0.005 wt% or less, and Nb of 0.4 wt% % And 1.0 wt% and Nb ≦ −107 × (C + N) +2.0, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Ferritic stainless steel with excellent resistance
【請求項2】 さらに、0.2wt%以下のCo、0.
2wt%以下のAlを少なくとも1種含有する請求項1
に記載のフェライト系ステンレス鋼
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: 0.2 wt% or less of Co, 0.1 wt.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the Al content is at least one of 2 wt% or less.
Ferritic stainless steel described in
JP2407856A 1990-12-27 1990-12-27 Ferritic stainless steel with excellent high-temperature strength and weldability Expired - Lifetime JP2801779B2 (en)

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JP2801779B2 true JP2801779B2 (en) 1998-09-21

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS511312A (en) * 1974-06-22 1976-01-08 Nippon Steel Corp KOTAISHOKUSEIFUERAITOSUTENRESUKO
JPS5941487B2 (en) * 1977-12-23 1984-10-08 新日本製鐵株式会社 Manufacturing method of ferrite stainless steel for welded structures
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