JP2800932B2 - Inspection device for cylindrical roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an inspection device for a cylindrical roller bearing, which is capable of automatically performing an inspection of a rolling surface of a cylindrical roller bearing in a repair inspection of a bogie for a railway vehicle or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As main items of repair inspection of railway vehicles,
Inspection of bearings on bogie wheel sets can be given. In a bogie for a railway vehicle, a current flows through a bearing of a wheel axle, so that a spark is generated between an inner ring and an outer ring of the bearing and a cylindrical roller bearing. Therefore, the spark may damage the rolling surface of the bearing. Therefore, in repairing and inspecting the bogie for railway vehicles, it is necessary to inspect the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller bearing for any damage and to judge whether or not the repair is necessary according to the degree of the damage. Conventionally, when inspecting this type of bearing, remove the bearing from the bogie, disassemble the bearing, check each cylindrical roller for any damage on its rolling surface,
The degree of scratches is checked manually by hand.

On the other hand, apart from the conventional widespread visual inspection, as an attempt of an inspection method using optical means, for example, a bearing inspection method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-62406 has been proposed. is there. This inspection method makes use of the fact that when illumination light from a light source hits the unevenness of the rolling surface of the bearing, irregular reflection occurs. That is, when the surface accuracy of the rolling surface is high, the ring-shaped light source image projected on the rolling surface is pattern-recognized as a clear ring shape, and the scattered light increases as the surface accuracy of the rolling surface decreases. By applying the fact that the ring shape of the light source image is distorted by the amount, the surface properties of the bearing rolling surface are evaluated based on the change in the ring shape.

[0004]

In the visual inspection,
It depends heavily on the subjectivity and experience of the inspector,
The problem is that the inspection results vary depending on the inspector, and it is difficult to obtain an objective inspection result. In addition, considerable skill is required until an appropriate judgment can be made.Since it is monotonous to check the presence or absence of damage while turning each cylindrical roller bearing, unskilled persons will be It is easy to overlook. On the other hand, in the prior art using the optical means disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-64404, surface properties such as surface roughness of the rolling surface of the bearing are evaluated rather than flaw detection of the bearing rolling surface. Since the surface properties are indirectly determined from the disturbance of the projected image of the light source, the scratches on the bearing rolling surface cannot be quantitatively evaluated. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, to automatically and efficiently perform a flaw detection inspection of a cylindrical roller bearing, and to objectively and quantitatively determine the degree and size of a flaw. An object of the present invention is to provide an inspection device for a cylindrical roller bearing that can be inspected.

[0005]

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a cylindrical roller bearing in which an inner ring and an outer ring of a cylindrical roller bearing to be inspected are removed, and cylindrical rollers arranged in a circumferential direction are connected by a retainer. A cylindrical roller bearing in a state of being mounted is mounted, a turntable for intermittently feeding the cylindrical roller to a predetermined inspection position by a predetermined angle, and a roller at a tip end of a revolving arm that rotates to the inspection position, and the roller is inspected. A cylindrical roller rotating device that presses against the cylindrical roller at a position to rotate the cylindrical roller around its axis, and a pair of rollers capable of pressing the cylindrical roller at the inspection position opposite to the roller of the cylindrical roller rotating device. A cylindrical roller presser for advancing the roller pair to an inspection position; an imaging device installed at a predetermined position near the inspection position to capture an image of a rolling surface of the cylindrical roller at the inspection position; The image processing apparatus further includes an image processing device that processes an image signal captured from the imaging device and quantitatively analyzes a scratch on a rolling surface.

[0007]

[Function] When the turntable on which the cylindrical roller bearing from which the inner ring and the outer ring have been removed is rotated and the cylindrical rollers are sent one by one to the inspection position, the cylindrical roller rotating device and the cylindrical roller holding device cooperate. Hold the cylindrical roller. While the cylindrical rollers are rotated by the rollers of the cylindrical roller rotating device, an image of the entire circumference of the rolling surface is taken in from the imaging device to the image processing device. The image processing device binarizes the image signal, and counts the number of appearances of pixels corresponding to the scratched portion of the rolling surface based on the binarized image signal, thereby obtaining the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller bearing. Since the size of the wound and its frequency distribution are calculated,
Inspection data quantified for scratches on the rolling surface of the roller of the cylindrical roller bearing from which the roller cannot be removed can be obtained.

[0008]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cylindrical roller bearing inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a plan view of the flaw detection inspection apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. Reference numeral 10 indicates a base.
The round table 11 is fixedly supported. A turntable 12 on which a cylindrical roller W of a bearing on which flaw detection is performed is rotatably supported on a horizontal surface via a bearing 13 at an outer peripheral portion of the round table 11. Cylindrical rollers W, W, ...
The turntables 12 are arranged on the upper surface of the turntable 12 at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction. In this case, the cylindrical roller W can be inspected on the turntable 12 for the entire circumference of the rolling surface by cooperation of the cylindrical roller rotating device 20 and the cylindrical roller suppressing device 30 described later. The turntable 12
Is configured to intermittently rotate by a drive of the motor 15 at a predetermined circumferential angle corresponding to the arrangement pitch of the cylindrical rollers W. The gear 16 attached to the rotating shaft of the motor 15 meshes with a ring gear 17 integrally mounted on the turntable 12.

On the other hand, inside the base 10, a lifting cylinder 21 for adjusting the height of a cylindrical roller holding device 30, which will be described later, according to the size of the cylindrical roller W to be inspected.
Is installed. The rod 22 of the lifting cylinder 21
Supports a lift 24 to which the cylindrical roller presser device 30 is attached via a connecting member 23 so as to be able to move up and down.

Next, the cylindrical roller rotating device 20 has a turning arm 26 attached to a rotating shaft 25 which is a swing center, and a roller 27 is attached to the tip of the turning arm 26. The roller 27 is supported so that its rotation axis is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical roller W, and the outer peripheral surface of the roller 27 is pressed against the cylindrical roller W at a predetermined turning position. Motor 2
The rotation of 8 is transmitted via a belt 29.

On the other hand, the cylindrical roller presser device 30 advances and retreats via a slider 32 slidably engaged with a guide rail 31.
A roller pair 33 is supported. Since the piston rod 36 of the cylinder 35 is connected to the holding member 34 for holding the roller pair 33, the cylinder 35 advances and the roller pair 33 moves the cylindrical roller W at the inspection position to the cylindrical roller rotating device 20. The roller 27 is pressed against the cylindrical roller W on the opposite side.

Next, the CCD camera 40 for picking up an image of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller W is installed at a predetermined position close to the inspection position. As shown in FIG.
Is output to the image processing device 41. The image processing device 41 that has received the image signal performs image processing described later and outputs the result to an output device such as a CRT 42, a video printer 43, and an auxiliary storage device 44. Further, the image processing device 41 includes the interface unit 4
5 is connected to a control device 46 for integrally controlling the inspection device. The control device 46 controls the motor 15 for driving the turntable 12 and the cylindrical roller rotating device 2.
0 motor 28 is controlled.

Next, inspection of a rolling surface of a cylindrical roller for inspection of a flaw will be described. In FIG. 1, when the revolving arm 26 revolves clockwise to the side of the cylindrical roller W1 at the inspection position, the roller 27 at the distal end thereof comes into pressure contact with the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller W1. At this time, simultaneously, the cylinder 35 operates and the pressing roller pair 33 advances, so that the roller 27 and the pressing roller pair 33 clamp the cylindrical roller W1 at the inspection position. Then, when the motor 28 starts and the roller 27 rotates, the cylindrical roller W1 rotates. CCD camera 40
Captures an image of the rolling surface of a slowly rotating cylindrical roller over the entire circumference.

In the image of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, a portion having a flaw is captured as a dark image, and a smooth portion without a flaw is captured as a bright image. Therefore, in the two-dimensional array of CCD pixels corresponding to the plane on which the rolling surface is developed, pixels having a small value of pixel luminance correspond to a damaged portion, and pixels having a large value of luminance correspond to a smooth surface without a defect. be able to.

First, since the image signal captured from the CCD camera 40 contains unnecessary information such as the background, the image of the cylindrical roller rolling surface is cut out from the background as preprocessing of the signal. The signal is processed. In the image signal obtained in this way, both the flaw portion and the smooth surface have a level corresponding to the shading. Therefore, by comparing with a predetermined threshold value, the flaw portion and the smooth portion have two levels of H level and L level. The image data is converted into image data binarized into levels. Next, the size of the flaw on the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller and the frequency distribution thereof are calculated from the binarized image data. In this case, since the two-dimensional array of pixels corresponds to the developed surface of the cylindrical roller rolling surface, it is necessary to count the number of appearances of the pixel corresponding to the scratched portion from the binarized image data. Thus, the size of the flaw can be calculated and the distribution thereof can be obtained.

FIG. 4 is a histogram showing the frequency distribution of flaws on the rolling surface thus obtained. In the upper part of the display screen displayed on the CRT 42, the number of detected flaws and the average value of the area and size of the largest flaw are displayed. In addition, by comparing the frequency distribution of such flaws with a predetermined reference pattern, it is possible to automatically determine a non-defective product and a defective product of the cylindrical roller bearing. In addition, the inspection data is stored in the auxiliary storage device 44, and the data can be called up as needed, thereby facilitating the management of the inspection data.

[0017]

[0018]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the inner and outer rings of the cylindrical roller bearing to be inspected are removed, and the cylindrical rollers arranged in the circumferential direction are connected by the retainer. A cylindrical roller bearing in a state is mounted, a turntable for intermittently moving the cylindrical roller to a predetermined inspection position by a predetermined angle, and a roller at a tip of a revolving arm that rotates to the inspection position, and the roller is moved to the inspection position. A cylindrical roller rotating device that presses against a certain cylindrical roller and rotates the cylindrical roller around its axis, and a roller pair capable of pressing the cylindrical roller at the inspection position in opposition to the roller of the cylindrical roller rotating device, A cylindrical roller presser for advancing the roller pair to an inspection position; an imaging device installed at a predetermined position near the inspection position to capture an image of a rolling surface of the cylindrical roller at the inspection position; Since the inspection device is composed of an image processing device that processes the image signals captured from the device and quantitatively analyzes the scratches on the rolling surface, it is conventionally performed manually by hand to prevent the rollers from being removed. The inspection process that has been performed can be automated and efficiently performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a cylindrical roller bearing inspection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a configuration of a cylindrical roller bearing inspection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a control system of the inspection device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a histogram displayed as an inspection result.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Base 12 Turntable 17 Ring gear 20 Cylindrical roller rotation device 21 Elevating cylinder 26 Revolving arm 27 Roller 30 Cylindrical roller holding device 33 Roller pair 40 CCD camera

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G01N 21/88 G01B 11/30

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An inner ring and an outer ring of a cylindrical roller bearing to be inspected are removed, and a cylindrical roller bearing in a state where cylindrical rollers arranged in a circumferential direction are connected by a retainer is placed, and intermittently at a predetermined angle. A turntable that feeds the cylindrical roller to a predetermined inspection position, and a roller at the tip of a revolving arm that rotates to the inspection position, and presses the roller against the cylindrical roller at the inspection position to move the cylindrical roller around its axis. A cylindrical roller rotating device for rotating, having a roller pair capable of pressing a cylindrical roller at an inspection position facing a roller of the cylindrical roller rotating device, a cylindrical roller holding device for advancing the roller pair to an inspection position, An imaging device which is installed at a predetermined position near the inspection position and captures an image of a rolling surface of a cylindrical roller at the inspection position; An inspection device for a cylindrical roller bearing, comprising: an image processing device for quantitatively analyzing the size of the bearing.