JP2789536B2 - Artificial artificial rock reef - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention can be used as a simulated rock for recreational diving or a fish reef. In particular, by arranging an underwater television camera or a lighting device using an optical fiber, leisure diving can be performed safely and easily. Artificial rock reef (pseudo rock or fish reef artificially made to resemble a natural reef) that can be performed in a remote place and can be applied to an ecological observation system for fish and shellfish in a remote place.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, interest in marine recreation has increased, and marine leisure has become a boom. In particular, the number of leisure divers has rapidly increased. However, the underwater landscape is wonderful, and the best place for diving where fish swarm is usually offshore, which is dangerous and has led to the occurrence of diving accidents. Therefore, it is desired to provide a safer and easier place and method for enjoying diving.

It is also desired to develop a method for observing the ecology of fish and shellfish at a remote location on land.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention provides safe and easy leisure diving by arranging an underwater television camera and / or an optical fiber lighting device on an artificial reef that artificially and easily creates an environment similar to a natural reef. It is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial artificial rock reef which can be performed in a remote place and can be applied to a system for observing the ecology of fish and shellfish in a remote place.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to solve the above technical problem, the artificial artificial rock reef of the present invention has a framework made of iron, reinforced concrete or plastic erected on a concrete base, and expanded metal (staggered at regular intervals) is provided on the surface of the framework. A metal plate processed into a diamond-shaped or tortoise-shaped mesh) or a welded wire mesh and a nonwoven fabric to form a sprayed underlayer, and a steel fiber reinforced mortar on the surface of the sprayed underlayer. An underwater television camera and / or an optical fiber illuminate an appropriate place of the fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer of artificial artificial rocky reef formed by spraying an inorganic fiber-reinforced mortar or an organic fiber-reinforced mortar to form a fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer. The device is provided with a device.

Close to the shore, the waves are calm, the tide is small, even beginners can easily and safely dive, but in places where there is almost no fish, excellent underwater scenery or in sandy places where fish from the rocks do not approach, By laying down the artificial artificial rock reef, it is possible to artificially and easily create a suitable environment similar to a diving point offshore (fish swims and excellent underwater scenery), and leisure Diving can be performed more safely and easily.

In addition, in the artificial artificial rock reef of the present invention, since the underwater television camera is provided at an appropriate place of the fiber-reinforced mortar spray layer, the underwater television camera and the monitor installed at a remote place such as land are provided. By connecting the television to the TV with a cable, the direction of the underwater television camera can be freely changed by remote control to observe the diver's underwater condition, thereby further improving the diver's safety.

In addition, by arranging the underwater television camera, the underwater television camera is connected to a monitor TV installed in a remote place such as land by a cable, and the direction of the underwater television camera can be freely changed by remote control to constantly operate the underwater television camera. You can observe the ecology of seafood, and even those who cannot dive can observe and enjoy the underwater conditions.

Further, in the artificial rock reef according to the present invention, an illuminating device using an optical fiber can be provided at an appropriate position on the fiber-reinforced mortar spraying layer.

By arranging the optical fiber lighting device, it is possible to illuminate artificial artificial rocky reef at night, to perform night diving, rock fishing, rock playing, and the like, and to observe the ecology of seafood at night.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 are partially sectional enlarged views of artificial artificial rocky reefs used in the present invention.

In the artificial artificial rock reef used in the present invention, a skeleton made of iron, reinforced concrete or plastic is erected on a concrete base, and a spray base layer is formed on the surface of the skeleton using an expanded metal or a welded wire mesh and a nonwoven fabric. It is obtained by spraying a steel fiber reinforced mortar, an inorganic fiber reinforced mortar or an organic fiber reinforced mortar on the surface of the sprayed underlayer. As the inorganic fiber reinforced mortar used at this time, for example, glass fiber reinforced mortar, rock wool reinforced mortar, carbon fiber reinforced mortar, etc., as organic fiber reinforced mortar, for example, polyethylene fiber reinforced mortar, polypropylene fiber reinforced mortar, Aramid fiber reinforced mortar and the like.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a skeleton made of L-shaped steel 2 is erected on a concrete base 1, and a spray base layer 3 is formed on the surface of this skeleton using expanded metal and nonwoven fabric. Next, a steel fiber reinforced mortar having a thickness of about 50 to 150 mm is dry-coated on the surface of the blown underlayer 3 obtained.
To form a steel fiber reinforced mortar spray layer 4.

The mixing ratio of cement and sand in the steel fiber reinforced mortar used at this time is 1: 2, and the water cement ratio (w / c) is 40-50%
The mortar may further contain an inorganic pigment as described later.

Fig. 2 shows a cave, pit,
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the vicinity of an upper portion of an opening when providing a side hole, a shelf, and the like. Thus, a spray base layer 3 and a steel fiber reinforced mortar spray layer 4 are formed.

The artificial artificial rock reef used in the present invention can be formed into a desired shape and size by appropriately changing the shape and size of the frame.

In addition to forming the frame with iron as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the frame can be formed by using reinforced concrete or plastic, and the weight thereof can be appropriately adjusted. Further, the form can be arbitrarily configured, and it is preferable to provide a cave, a pit, a side hole, or the like, or to provide a shelf, a hole, a groove, a small gap, or the like on the surface of the artificial rock, similar to a natural reef. For example, in consideration of the habit of each seafood such as red sea bream, lobster, moray eel, lobster, abalone, octopus, mahata, etc., provide grooves, small gaps, shelves, shadows, shadows, cavities, seaweed beds, etc. in the fish reef .

3 to 5 are longitudinal sectional views showing one embodiment of the artificial artificial rock reef according to the present invention. In these figures, 3 indicates a spraying underlayer, 4 indicates a steel fiber reinforced mortar spraying layer,
Frames made of iron, reinforced concrete or plastic are not shown in these figures. In addition, an underwater television camera 8 is provided at an appropriate place of the steel fiber reinforced mortar spray layer 4.

3 to 5 are provided with a cave 5, a pit 6, a lateral hole 7, a shelf 9, a hole 10, a small gap 11, and the like, which are used as a home for fish and shellfish and as a passage for divers. . By constructing a fine shape resembling a natural reef in this way, it is possible to easily create a favorable environment similar to that of a natural reef (having excellent fish swarms and excellent undersea scenery). The diver can safely and easily observe, feed, and take pictures of fish and shellfish.

In addition, artificial artificial rock reef used in the present invention, its material,
Although the texture is similar to that of a natural fish reef, an inorganic pigment or the like can be appropriately mixed into the mortar for the purpose of realizing a more natural rock color in the sea and making it look like a natural reef.

Artificial artificial rock reef used in the present invention is usually manufactured in a factory rough frame using steel materials, etc.
It is manufactured by forming a spray base layer as described above and further spraying a fiber reinforced mortar. In addition, after carrying in the site, the shape, size, and the like of the frame can be easily changed appropriately according to the situation of the site where the ship is to be laid. The artificial artificial rock reef used in the present invention is easy to construct on site in terms of construction, and is also excellent in work efficiency due to spray construction.

The arrangement position and number of the underwater television cameras 8 can be selected as appropriate, and a large number of places for hanging the cameras may be provided as only one, and the underwater television cameras 8 may be moved as appropriate. You may leave.

The underwater television camera 8 is connected by a cable to a monitor television set at a remote place such as a land, so that the direction of the underwater television camera 8 can be freely changed by remote control. This makes it possible to observe the diver's appearance in the water, improve safety, and
It is possible to constantly observe the ecology of fish and shellfish,
Even those who cannot dive can observe and enjoy the underwater conditions.

In addition, the type of fish and shellfish, how to use the fish and shellfish reefs continuously (a feeding ground, escape, recreation, spawning ground, etc.) at a remote location, Academic information and knowledge about seafood and fish reefs, such as the effects of shading, the height of fish reefs, the extent of the reefs, etc. can be obtained, and recording these will provide extremely valuable academic materials. Become.

Until now, when an underwater TV camera was installed for a long period of time, there were maintenance problems such as lens contamination and breakdown, but since the divers are always diving on the artificial artificial rock reef of the present invention, these can be easily treated. can do.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a lighting device 13 using an optical fiber 12 is further provided at an appropriate position on the steel fiber reinforced mortar spray layer 4. The arrangement position and number of the optical fiber illuminating devices can be appropriately selected, and light is transmitted from a light source at a remote place such as land. By arranging this optical fiber lighting device, diving at night becomes possible,
In addition, it is possible to observe the ecology of seafood at night.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the artificial artificial rock reef according to the present invention, and the artificial artificial rock reef 14 is fixed to the water bottom so that a part of the reef is exposed above the water surface after installation. In this example, the underwater part is used as a diving artificial rock or fish reef, and the part exposed above the water is used as an artificial shore fishing place and an artificial shore playground.

In the example of FIG. 6, an illuminating device 13 using an optical fiber 12 is disposed at an appropriate position of the steel fiber reinforced mortar spraying layer 4 in the water and in a portion exposed from the water surface, and emits light from a light source at a remote place such as land. Feeding, diving at night, rock fishing, rock playing, etc. are possible.

The artificial artificial rock reef of the present invention is usually laid near a shore where waves are gentle and tides are small.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an application example of the artificial artificial rock reef according to the present invention.

In the artificial artificial rock reef 14 of the present invention, the sea with a gentle wave and a small tidal current, about 100 to 500 m away from the sea (water depth about 15 to 25 m)
As described above, the artificial artificial rocky reef 14 is provided with an underwater television camera 8 and an illuminating device 13 using an optical fiber 12 at appropriate places of the steel fiber reinforced mortar spraying layer 4, and these are respectively provided with cables. 15 Land-based facilities 16
Connected to the monitor TV and light source installed in By laying the artificial artificial rock reef of the present invention in the sea near the shore in this way, a suitable environment similar to an offshore diving point can be artificially and easily created, and leisure diving can be performed more safely and more. It can be done easily. Reference numeral 17 in FIG. 7 denotes a campsite on an marine island 18, reference numeral 19 denotes a beach for diving training, reference numeral 20 denotes a pool, reference numeral 21 denotes accommodations such as guest houses and pensions. A leisure center can be established around the reef 14. For example, in a hotel lobby, a large public bath, or the like, which is an example of the facility 16, a large screen monitor television can show the state of a diver or the ecology of fish and shellfish on the artificial artificial rocky reef 14.

〔The invention's effect〕

The artificial artificial rock reef of the present invention can be appropriately configured in shape, size, weight, etc. in a manner similar to a natural reef, and by submerging in water, an environment suitable for diving is artificially and extremely. It can be easily created, and leisure diving can be performed more safely and easily. Moreover, the artificial artificial rocky reef of the present invention has an underwater television camera in the appropriate place of the fiber-reinforced mortar spray layer, so that the diver can be observed underwater, and safety can be improved. In addition, the ecology of fish and shellfish can always be observed, and academic information and knowledge on fish and shellfish and reefs can be obtained.On the other hand, lighting equipment using optical fibers must be installed in the appropriate places on the fiber-reinforced mortar spraying layer. By
It has excellent technical effects such as nighttime diving, surf fishing, surfing, etc., as well as nighttime ecology observation of fish and shellfish.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are enlarged partial cross-sectional views of an artificial artificial rock reef used in the present invention. FIGS. 3 to 6 are longitudinal sectional views showing an embodiment of the artificial artificial rock reef according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an application example of the artificial artificial rock reef according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concrete base 2 ... L-shaped steel 2 '... H-shaped steel 3 ... Spraying underlayer 4 ... Steel fiber reinforced mortar spraying layer 8 ... Underwater TV camera 12 ... Optical fiber 13 ... Lighting device 14 ... … Artificial artificial rock reef

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A frame made of iron, reinforced concrete or plastic is erected on a concrete base, and a spray base layer is formed on the surface of the frame by using expanded metal or welded wire mesh and non-woven fabric. An underwater television is provided at an appropriate position of the fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer of artificial artificial rocky reef formed by spraying steel fiber-reinforced mortar, inorganic fiber-reinforced mortar or organic fiber-reinforced mortar on the surface of the formation to form a fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer. An artificial artificial rocky reef characterized by being provided with a camera. 2. A frame made of iron, reinforced concrete or plastic is erected on a concrete base, and a spray base layer is formed on the surface of the frame by using expanded metal or welded wire mesh and non-woven fabric. An artificial fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer is formed by spraying steel fiber reinforced mortar, inorganic fiber reinforced mortar or organic fiber reinforced mortar on the surface of the formation to form a fiber reinforced mortar sprayed layer. An artificial artificial rock reef characterized by comprising a lighting device. 3. A skeleton made of iron, reinforced concrete or plastic is erected on a concrete base, and a spray base layer is formed on the surface of the skeleton by using expanded metal or welded wire mesh and nonwoven fabric. An underwater television is provided at an appropriate position of the fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer of artificial artificial rocky reef formed by spraying steel fiber-reinforced mortar, inorganic fiber-reinforced mortar or organic fiber-reinforced mortar on the surface of the formation to form a fiber-reinforced mortar sprayed layer. An artificial artificial rock reef characterized by comprising a camera and an optical fiber lighting device.