JP2747950B2 - Slope greening method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slope revegetation method for vegetation and revegetation of a slope and protecting the slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a slope greening method, there is known a thick layer greening substrate spraying method for netting a slope and spraying a greening base material for greening.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-144413 discloses a technique for arranging sack nets wrapping the roots of vegetative seedlings in a dotted manner on a slope to achieve greening.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-28973 discloses that a pillar is buried on a slope having a gentle slope, and a wire net is stretched between the pillars to form a weir frame. A technique for vegetation is disclosed.

[0005]

When the thick greening base spraying method is applied to a steep slope, the net cannot hold the sprayed greening base material sufficiently, and the vegetation flows out with the passage of time. It has the disadvantage that it cannot be achieved sufficiently.

[0006] The technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-144413 has a disadvantage that vegetation does not progress in a portion between the bag nets and greening can be achieved only in a dotted form.

The technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-28973 is not only applicable when the slope is steep, but also has a drawback that the natural scenery is significantly impaired due to the extremely high degree of exposure of the weir frames, especially the columns. doing.

[0008]

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a steep slope,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a slope revegetation method that can achieve sufficient greening without damaging the natural scenery and protect and stabilize the slope in any case of a gentle slope.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, have accomplished the present invention.

That is, in the first slope greening method according to the present invention, a linear member is stretched from a shoulder to a slope toward a slope at predetermined intervals, and a root is extended to the linear member. A plurality of net pockets with mesh intervals capable of holding most of the greening base material without hindering the installation are attached, and coarse meshes with mesh intervals that can pass through fallen leaves and the like are not attached to the linear members without elongating stems. After fixing and covering the slope, the greening base material is sprayed on the slope including the inside of the net pocket.

The second slope greening method according to the present invention comprises:
A wire is stretched on a slope from the forehead to the forefoot at intervals that do not inhibit the elongation of the stem and can pass through fallen leaves and the like. After attaching a plurality of net pockets at mesh intervals capable of holding most of the net pockets, a greening base material is sprayed on the slope including the inside of the net pocket.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the slope greening method according to the present invention, the net pockets have different aspect ratios.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state where a slope is greened by an example of the method of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 5 are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining each step of the same method, and FIG. It is a partial schematic perspective view which shows an example.

Hereinafter, an example of the first greening method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, as shown in FIG.
And fix it with pins 3. Note that the green wire mesh 2 does not necessarily have to be laid. For example, when vegetation is vegetated on the entire surface of the slope 1, the state of the slope 1 (for example, the slope),
It is laid in consideration of various conditions, such as the environment of the application site and the type of plant, and may not be laid. In addition, as a construction order of the greening wire mesh 2, there is a case where an anchor 5 described later is laid and then laid and fixed with the pin 3.

Next, a plurality of anchors 5 are cast on the slope 4 of the slope 1 at predetermined intervals, and a linear member 6 is fixed to the anchor 5 so that the linear member 6 extends from the shoulder 4 toward the bottom 7. It is suspended and stretched on the slope 1 facing it. The spacing between the anchors 5, that is, the spacing between the stretched linear members 6, depends on the type of the slope 1 (for example, rock slope, cut slope, embankment slope, earth and sand slope) and state (for example, (Soil hardness, inclination angle, etc.), etc., but in the case of the first method of the present invention, it is approximately 0.5 m to 2 m.
As the linear member 6, high-performance fibers such as aramid fibers and carbon fibers, as well as wires such as simple steel wires, chains as shown in FIG. Can be used. When a chain is used as the linear member 6, the fixing to the anchor 5, the fixing of the net pocket 8 in the post-process, and the fixing of each member such as the coarse net 9 and the lock anchor 10 are performed using each piece of the chain. Since it can be performed, it can be easily and firmly fixed at an appropriate position. In addition, it is possible to flexibly cope with a change in the fixing position of each member due to a design change at the site or a specification addition after the passage of time. When high-performance fiber is used as the linear member 6, the workability is high because it is lightweight, and rust prevention measures are unnecessary because it has weather resistance, and the high strength reduces the number of stretches and / or reduces the diameter. It can be less noticeable. In addition, in the case of carbon fiber or the like, strength reduction after application of a high load, such as during an earthquake, can be easily determined by measuring an increase in electric resistance, so that strength management after construction is easy.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a net pocket 8 is attached to the linear member 6 in a stepwise manner along the slope of the slope 1.
Since the net pocket 8 is not used for retaining the earth as in the prior art described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-28973, a column or the like having a high degree of exposure is not required for fixing to the slope 1. Fixed to the surface 1 by an anchor member or the like,
It is sufficiently possible to fix only to the linear member 6. Therefore, regardless of the slope of the slope 1, the slope 1 of the net pocket 8
Can be attached to

As an example of the shape of the net pocket 8, as shown in a partial schematic perspective view in FIG. 6, the upper portion is formed in a pocket shape with an open state to hold most of the greening base material sprayed in a later step. It has a shape suitable for growing plants.

The net pockets 8 have a mesh interval which does not inhibit the elongation of the root and can hold most of the greening base material 13. The shape of the mesh, that is, the shape of the through-hole formed by the mesh is not only a vertically long rectangle as shown in a partially enlarged view in a circle in FIG. Various shapes such as a square, a circle, and an oval can be adopted. Also, if the aspect ratio of the mesh is changed, when the root elongates and the root protrudes from between the meshes, the mesh changes according to the thickness of the root and becomes easy to spread. It is preferable to the same thing (for example, a square or a perfect circle). The preferred aspect ratio of the mesh, that is, the aspect ratio of the through-hole, is described in the rectangle T shown in a partially enlarged view in the circle of FIG. The ratio is vertical y: horizontal x = 2: 1-20: 1, more preferably vertical y: horizontal x = 5: 1-10: 1. still,
When the specific size of the through hole T is shown by a numerical value, the vertical y is 20 m.
m to 100 mm, preferably 30 mm to 70 mm, width x
Is from 5 mm to 50 mm, preferably from 6 mm to 15 mm, but the present invention is not limited to these values, and varies depending on various conditions such as the particle size of the greening base material 13 to be retained, the type of vegetation, and the like. .

According to the net pocket 8 having the above configuration, the root of the plant can be extended along the slope 1 through the plurality of net pockets 8 without being restricted to one net pocket 8. Therefore, the growth of the plant is not restricted and the slope can be further stabilized. The mesh spacing may be outside the above range depending on the particle size of the greening base material 13 to be held.

The material of the net pocket 8 is made of a steel wire, a synthetic resin, or the like, and is preferably a galvanized steel wire. The upper part of the net pocket 8 is preferably in an open state so as not to inhibit the elongation of the stem of the plant, but the upper part may be covered as long as it does not inhibit the elongation of the stem, As an example, the upper portion is covered by a net similar to the mesh interval of the coarse net 9 described later. The net pocket 8
As shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable that the lower end 8 </ b> A is installed by being rolled inward and upward along the slope 1 from the viewpoint of improving the holding property of the greening base material 13 and the like. Further, a greening base material holding sheet may be provided inside the net pocket 8 in order to improve the holding ability of the greening base material 13.

It is preferable that the upper corner of the net pocket 8 is reinforced by a reinforcing member 8B made of angle iron or the like from the viewpoint of improving strength.

Incidentally, net pockets 8 other than those shown in FIG.
For example, the shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 of JP-A-62-82122, the shape shown in FIG. 1 of JP-A-2-170855 by the present applicant, etc. may be employed. Can be. Further, in this embodiment, a net pocket 8 which is long in the width direction as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the slope 1 is disposed on the slope 1; however, the present invention is not limited to this.
May be arranged in a so-called checkered pattern.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a coarse net 9 is fixed to the linear member 6 and stretched to cover the surface of the slope 1. The coarse net 9 has a mesh interval that does not inhibit the elongation of the stem of the plant and allows passage of fallen leaves and the like and does not inhibit the spraying of the greening base material in the subsequent step, specifically, 100 mm to 500 mm, preferably. Is 200mm ~
It is 400 mm. Therefore, when the plant vegetated in the net pocket 8 grows, the plant can extend the stem from the mesh of the coarse net 9, and the fallen leaves of the plant or other plants can reduce the mesh of the coarse net 9. It passes through and accumulates on the slope 1 between the net pockets 8 and between the net pockets 8 to become nutrients. Therefore, even if the greening base material 13 in the net pockets 8 slightly flows out due to the action of rainwater, etc. Can be supplemented by the deposits. Further, the mesh spacing of the coarse net 9 does not hinder the spraying of the greening base material 13 in the subsequent step, and the greening base material 13 is necessary and sufficient on the surface of the slope 1 including the inside of the net pocket 8. Quantity, can be sprayed.
The material of the coarse net 9 is formed of a steel wire, a synthetic resin, a vegetable fiber, or the like, and is preferably a galvanized steel wire.

Next, the linear member 6, the net pocket 8, and the coarse net 9 are fixed to the slope 1 by the lock anchor 10 and the fixing hardware 11, 12 as necessary. Further, a reinforcing member such as a reinforced steel material may be added as needed for reinforcing the net pocket 8. Further, the lock anchor fixing portion, the net pocket overlapping portion, the net pocket attaching portion, etc. may be partially reinforced with concrete or the like. Furthermore, in order to guide the drainage, a drainage pipe may be provided in the net pocket 8 or the slope 1, or a drainage groove may be formed by spraying concrete.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, a greening base material 13 is sprayed on the slope 1 including the inside of the net pocket 8.
The greening base material 13 sprayed in the present invention is mainly composed of a material appropriately selected from corrosive soil (for example, peat moss or bark having water retention properties), a binder (resin or cement), fertilizer, seeds, and the like. Various known greening base materials can be applied.

When the spraying of the greening base material 13 is completed, a plant growth base on the slope 1 is built up. When the seeds in the net pocket 8 germinate or the plants grow, the slope 1 on which the growth base has been made is greened to be in a state as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the plant grows over time to cover the slope 1 and the gap between the plant and the plant becomes a growth base due to fallen leaves and the like, so that the gap portion is filled with the plant, so that the plant approaches the natural state. . Further, since the entire slope 1 is covered with the linear member 6 and the coarse net 9 fixed to the linear member 6, it is possible to prevent the plant from collapsing or falling. Further, as the plant grows, the root of the plant elongates and integrates with the inside of the slope 1, and the linear member 6 and the coarse net 9 fixed to the linear member 6 by the stem and leaves of the plant.
And a sufficient greening can be achieved, and the slope 1 can be protected and stabilized. In the present invention, since the protection stability of the slope 1 is achieved by the linear member 6, the coarse net 9, and the vegetation, a column having a high degree of exposure as described in JP-B-60-28973 is not particularly required. The present invention can be applied not only to the danger of damaging the natural scenery but also to a steep slope 1 as well as a gentle slope.

Further, according to the present invention, the snowfall can be loaded by the stepped net pocket 8 and the linear member 6 and the coarse net 9 so that the snow can be accumulated. Slope collapse such as outflow can be prevented.

The first greening method of the present invention has been described above. In the second greening method of the present invention, the linear members 6 stretched in FIG.
Preferably, at intervals of 200 mm to 400 mm, that is, at the same interval as the mesh interval of the coarse net 9 of the first greening method, the same function as the coarse net 9 is provided in the second greening method. By making the linear member 6 work, it is possible to omit the stretch coating of the coarse net 9 in the first greening method. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first greening method.

[0031]

According to the present invention, plant vegetation is achieved by net pockets at mesh intervals capable of retaining most of the greening base material without inhibiting the elongation of the roots, and the protection of the slope is stabilized.
A configuration in which coarse nets and linear members having mesh intervals that can pass through fallen leaves and the like without inhibiting elongation of stems or linear members with stretch intervals that can pass through fallen leaves and the like do not inhibit elongation of stems. Therefore, whether the slope is a steep slope or a gentle slope, sufficient greening can be achieved without damaging the natural scenery, and the slope can be protected and stabilized.

Further, according to the present invention, snowfall can be carried by sharing the load with the stepped net pocket, the linear member and the coarse net, so that the plant collapses due to an avalanche, a landslide or the like, and the growth base flows out. Etc. can be prevented from collapsing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a state where a slope is greened by an example of a method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view illustrating one step of the method of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view illustrating one step of the method of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating one step of the method of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating one step of the method of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic perspective view showing an example of a net pocket.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slope 2 Greening wire net 3 Pin 4 Shoulder 5 Anchor 6 Linear member 7 Buttocks 8 Net pocket 9 Coarse net 10 Lock anchor 11 Fixing bracket 12 Fixing bracket 13 Greening base material

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A linear member is stretched on a slope from a shoulder to a fore edge at predetermined intervals, and the linear member holds most of the greening base material without obstructing root elongation. After attaching a plurality of net pockets with possible mesh intervals, and fixing the coarse nets with mesh intervals that can pass through fallen leaves and the like without hindering the elongation of the stem to the linear member, and covering the slope by stretching the slope, A slope greening method characterized by spraying a greening base material onto the slope including the inside of the net pocket. 2. A linear member is stretched on a slope from the forehead to the forefoot at intervals capable of passing through fallen leaves and the like without obstructing the elongation of the stem. A plurality of net pockets at mesh intervals capable of holding most of the greening base material without hindering the installation, and then spraying the greening base material on the slope including the inside of the net pocket. Surface greening method. 3. The slope greening method according to claim 1, wherein an aspect ratio of the net pockets is different.