JP2729934B2 - Machine product deflection tester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine product deflection tester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, when the so-called PL (Products-Liability) method is enforced, safety and reliability of products are important issues for manufacturers, but the bending strength of products manufactured and processed mechanically is tested. Conventionally, a test piece is prepared from a part of the product itself or another product of the same material that can be regarded as this according to the provisions of the JIS standard, and the measured value of the test piece is analyzed by a computer or the like. The bending strength of the product is calculated.

[0003]

However, the above test method estimates the safety and reliability of the entire product from theoretical calculations based on small pieces of a part of the product. Is not an actual measurement, it is easy to generate unexpected errors due to the material and manufacturing variations in the product, temperature changes during storage, and other conditions. -Reliability cannot be guaranteed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and as a bending tester for a mechanical product useful for this purpose, an installation base on a floor and a vertically suspended body therefrom. A column, a hydraulic cylinder held by a cylinder holding frame that forms the upper end of the column, a lifting and lowering adjustment boss attached to the lower end of a piston rod that hangs down from the hydraulic cylinder, and a vertically movable upper and lower adjusting boss. A lifting and lowering adjustment screw shaft, which is screwed and fastened, a strain gauge type load sensor attached to a lower end of the lifting and lowering adjustment screw shaft in a pivotally supported state, and a fixed extension along the vertical direction of the lifting and lowering adjustment boss. A scale for measuring the amount of deflection, and an optical scale sensor fixed at a mid-height position of the support to read and detect the scale of the scale; Comprises a Linder from a hydraulic pump is operated remotely elevator, a remote operation panel having the above-described two kinds of sensors and electrically connected to the load meter and measuring meter,

[0005] The center of the target product set directly on the upper surface of the installation base or indirectly set via a plurality of stands is pressurized by lowering the piston rod, and the load sensor detects the pressure. The detected load of the target product is displayed on the load meter on the operation panel,
The deflection amount of the target product corresponding to the load is detected by the scale sensor and set to be displayed on the length measurement device of the operation panel.

[0006]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 shows a deflection tester suitable for shafts and other long target products.

(A) is a base for installing a test machine on the floor, which is integrally framed from a hollow square steel material into a square flat plate as shown in FIGS. A pair of front and rear bolt receiving holes (12) are formed through the stand as a stand mounting surface (11) having a constant band width in a dotted distribution state in a symmetrical arrangement as a whole.

[0008] (13) is a pair of left and right of a stand for supporting the target product, which is fixed to the stand mounting surface (11) of the installation base (A), which is also made of a hollow square steel material. A screw hole (not shown) corresponding to the front and rear pair of the bolt receiving holes (12) is formed in the mounting seat (14).

[0009] Therefore, by replacing the fixing bolts (15) from the screw holes into the bolt receiving holes (12) of the stand mounting surface (11), the two stands (1) are replaced.
3) The distance between the left and right sides can be adjusted to be wide or narrow.
(16) is a positioning guide rail for facilitating the matching of the screw hole and the bolt receiving hole (12) during the adjustment work, and extends to the rear end of the stand mounting surface (11) in the left-right direction. It is placed and fixed as a standing state.

(17) is a reinforcing plate of each stand (13), and (B) is an attachment for supporting a target product similarly installed on the upper surface of each stand (13).
As can be seen from FIGS. 10 to 10, a fixed receiving seat (18) and a horizontal pivot pin (1) penetrating the receiving seat (18) in the front-rear direction.
9) a movable platform (20) rotatably mounted via a ridge and a support pillow (21) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the movable platform (20);
The target product (M1) is horizontally laid across the left and right of 1). (22) is a fixing bolt of the fixing receiving seat (18) with respect to the stand (13).

The attachment (B) has a symmetrical shape as a whole. The stopper piece (23) is partially suspended from the center of each movable table (20), while the stopper piece (23) is Lock nuts (24), which open correctly toward (23),
8) is fixed to the upper surface of the movable table (23), and the distal end of the adjusting bolt (25) screwed into the laterally outer side of the movable base (25) is locked in a pressed state of the stopper piece (23). 20) can be adjusted and fixed to a vertical standing state.

In the first embodiment, a long pipe is shown as the target product (M1). In order to stably handle this, a V-shaped groove (26) is cut out on the upper surface of each support pillow (21). However, for the support pillow (21) and the entire attachment (B) including the support pillow, various types prepared in advance according to the material and shape of the target product (M1) should be used interchangeably. Can be.

(27) is a pair of right and left claw receiving tunnels projecting upward from the rear edge of the upper surface of the installation base (A) integrally, and receiving the fork claw of the forklift to transport the tester itself. Useful for

(28) is a column mounting surface for partitioning the inside of the rectangular frame of the installation base (A) in an orthogonal state, and (29) is also to a corner in the frame, as viewed in plan as shown in FIGS. A support stay fixed and installed as a radially symmetric distribution type. A locking nut (30) is attached and integrated to each lower surface of the support stay, and a grounding leg bolt (31) is screwed into this from below to freely advance and retreat. The horizontality of the installation base (A) can be adjusted by the entire grounding leg bolt (31).

(C) is a column which is vertically erected from a column mounting surface (28) of the installation base (A).
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the reinforcing plate (32) is also made of a hollow square steel material, and has a pair of front and rear corners at right angles between the left and right side surfaces and the support mounting surface (28). Are connected and fixed. Numeral (33) denotes a claw receiving opening cut out at the lower end of each reinforcing plate (32), and corresponds to the claw receiving tunnel (27) on the installation base (A) side.

Reference numeral (34) denotes a cylinder holding frame integrally projecting forward from the upper end of the column (C) toward the center of the target product (M1). A pair of left and right side plates (35) facing each other are integrally attached to a corner portion perpendicular to the lower surface and the front surface of the column (C). (36) is a pair of left and right masts that are also vertically suspended from the upper surface of the cylinder holding frame (34), and a top cover (37) is fixedly suspended between them.

A double-acting hydraulic cylinder (38) is suspended from the center of the top cover (37) so as to penetrate the cylinder holding frame (34). The lower end of a piston rod (39) which moves forward and backward from the double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The hanger base (41) of the lifting / lowering adjusting boss (40) is attached and fixed to the boss.

In this case, as is apparent from the enlarged views of FIGS. 13 and 14, the elevation adjusting boss (40) has a cylindrical shape with a constant diameter, and the upper end thereof has the above-mentioned hanger base (4).
A female screw (42) having a diameter slightly smaller than the above-mentioned diameter is partially engraved on the lower end of the adjustment boss (40) while being fixed to the lower surface of 1). (43) indicates a locking step portion based on the difference in diameter.

Reference numeral (44) denotes an elevating adjustment screw shaft which is screwed and fastened to the female screw (42) of the elevating adjustment boss (40) so as to freely advance and retreat.
5) is projected horizontally outward. When the grip handle (45) is gripped and rotated, the vertical adjustment screw shaft (44) moves up and down a predetermined stroke (S) with respect to the vertical adjustment boss (40) (vertical operation).
It is supposed to do it.

Reference numeral (46) denotes a stopper plate for preventing the vertically adjusting screw shaft (44) from being removed from the vertically adjusting boss (40). The stopper plate is mounted and fixed to the upper end of the adjusting screw shaft (44). The locking step (43) of the lifting / lowering adjusting boss (40) is locked.

(47) is a stop stopper plate projecting horizontally outward from the lower end of the lifting / lowering adjusting boss (40), and (48) is a stop stopper plate (4).
A lifting guide rod which is vertically threaded so as to penetrate the cylinder holding frame (34) in a screwed state with the support post (7), and has an intermediate height position on one of the right and left sides of the support (C). It is stably supported by a pair of upper and lower support plates (49) projecting inward and horizontally from the plate (35). (50) is a locking nut screwed to the lower end of the lifting guide rod (48).

Reference numeral (51) denotes a pivot piece which is horizontally rotatably fitted to a lower end portion of the vertically adjusting screw shaft (44).
A total of three U-shaped sensor receiving frames (52) are fixed to the body surface in an attached state. (53) is a sensor mounting seat mounted in the frame of the sensor receiving frame (52), and (54) is a strain gauge type load sensor (compression type load cell) fixed to the upper surface of the mounting seat (53). ,
Reference numeral (55) denotes a pressure piece fixed to the lower end of the load sensor (54), and an inverted V-shaped groove (56) corresponding to the support pillow (21) is cut out on the lower surface thereof. However, this can also be used interchangeably according to the material and shape of the target product (M1).

Then, as the piston rod (39) descends, the target product (M
The load (compression load) applied to 1) is detected by the load sensor (54), transmitted as a digital electric signal to a remote operation wagon described later, and displayed on a load meter on the operation panel. I have.

Further, (57) is a scale mounting base attached to and fixed to the body surface of the adjusting boss (40) so as to sandwich the elevating adjusting boss (40) in cooperation with the elevating guide rod (48). , The cylinder holding frame (34) penetrates vertically.

(58) is a scale for measuring the amount of deflection attached along the scale mount (57), (5)
9) is an optical scale sensor attached and fixed to the other side plate (35) of the column (C) as a positional relationship correctly facing the reference point (measurement start point) of the scale on the scale (58). Thereby, the bending amount of the target product (M1) corresponding to the load is detected and transmitted as a digital electric signal to the remote control wagon, and displayed on the length measuring device on the operation panel.

Next, FIGS. 17 to 25 show, as a second embodiment of the present invention, a bending test machine suitable for plates and boxes manufactured from various materials and processed, and other solid products. In this case, since the target product (M2) is set directly on the upper surface of the installation base (A), so to speak, the stand (1) in the first embodiment is set.
3) and the installation of the attachment (B) for supporting the target product are omitted.

Reference numeral (60) denotes a centering guide scale for positioning the center of the target product (M2) at the time of the above-mentioned setting, and has a cross shape perpendicular to a plan view, and has a center on the upper surface of the installation base (A). Buried in the department.

The above-mentioned support (C) of the first embodiment is a so-called 1
As a form of the legs, a cylinder holding frame (3
On the other hand, the column (C) of the second embodiment has a two-legged configuration, as opposed to the inverted L-shape in side view attached to 4), and the front crossing the center of the installation base (A). It is framed in the shape of a visual gate.

In other words, a pair of columns (C) are integrally erected from the left and right side edges of the upper surface of the installation base (A) in the form of a quadrangular flat plate in a plan view. The beam that connects and fixes the comrades is the cylinder holding frame (3
It is set to function as 4).

However, while the column (C) is made of a hollow square steel material, the cylinder holding frame (34) at the upper end thereof is formed in an inverted U-shape in side section, and a pair of front and rear plates facing each other is provided. (35) plays the same role as the side plate (35) of the first embodiment.

In this case, in the second embodiment, the height of the elevating guide rod (48) is set such that the height of the supporting plate (4) projects inward and horizontally from one of the front and rear plates (35).
The pair of upper and lower parts 9) is stably provided.

The scale mount (57) is also erected on the same side as the lift guide rod (48), and the upper and lower ends of the parallel scale mount (57) and the lift guide rod (48) are a pair. Connecting plate (61)
And is fixedly integrated through. Therefore, the scale sensor (59) facing the deflection measuring scale (58) fixed along the scale mounting base (57) is also fixedly installed on the plate (35) of the cylinder holding frame (34). ing.

Further, in the case of the second embodiment, a rack gear (62) is integrally connected to an upper end portion of the hydraulic cylinder (38) in an extended vertical state, so that a larger vertical stroke can be secured. . (63) is a gear box mounted and fixed at the center of the upper surface of the cylinder holding frame (34), and a pinion gear (64) incorporated therein meshes with the rack gear (62).
Reference numeral (65) denotes a lifting operation handle pivotally supported by the pinion gear (64), which is rotated from outside the gear box (63).

The other configuration of the second embodiment is as follows.
Since it is substantially the same as the first embodiment, FIG.
25, the corresponding reference numerals to those of FIGS. 1 to 16 are written, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIGS. 26 to 28 show a remote control wagon (D) applied to the bending tester of the first and second embodiments and an electric control circuit of the tester. Remotely controlled wagon (D)
Has a storage case (66) for tools for maintenance and inspection of the testing machine, and a manual hydraulic pump (67)
Is installed.

However, a foot-operated hydraulic pump (67) may be used instead of the manual type. In any case, it goes without saying that the hydraulic pump (67) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (38) via a flexible hose (not shown).

An operation panel (68) is also installed on a table of the operation wagon (D), and includes a load meter (69) electrically connected to the load sensor (54) and an overload thereof. Warning lamp (70) and buzzer (7
In addition to 1), a length measuring instrument (72) electrically connected to the scale sensor (59), a lamp (73) for warning of an overstroke thereof, a buzzer (74), a power switch button (75), and a switch-on state thereof. , A reset button (77) and the like are arranged in parallel. (78) is a back opening / closing door of the operation panel (68).

In using the bending tester of the first embodiment, both stands (13) are used in consideration of the length of the long target product (M1) and the vertical stroke of the hydraulic cylinder (38). ) Is adjusted and fixed so that the distance between the right and left sides is adjusted to be wide and narrow. Then, as shown in FIGS.
1) is set in a horizontal horizontal state, and the power switch button (75) on the operation panel (68) of the remote control wagon (D) is switched on.

Then, the piston rod (39) of the hydraulic cylinder (38) is firstly lowered to a certain degree by the hydraulic pump (67) on the operating wagon (D), and the lower end of the piston rod (39) is attached to the lower end. The pressing piece (55) is kept close to the target product (M1), and the lifting / lowering adjustment handle (45) is secondarily rotated from that state to move the lifting / lowering adjusting screw shaft (44) in FIG. By lowering as described above, the load sensor (54) is finely adjusted so as to be positioned at the load detection reference point (action start point) of the target product (M1).

After the completion of such preparation, the piston rod (39) of the hydraulic cylinder (38) is gradually moved down, and as shown in FIG. When a load is applied to the center, the load is detected by the load sensor (54) and is digitally displayed on the load meter (69) on the operation panel (68).

On the other hand, the scale (58) for measuring the amount of deflection, which is fixed to the elevation adjusting boss (40) via the scale mount (57), moves down integrally with the piston rod (39). The amount of movement is read and detected by the scale sensor (59) as the amount of deflection of the target product (M1) corresponding to the load,
The amount of deflection is also measured by the length meter (7) on the operation panel (68).
It is digitally displayed in 2).

Accordingly, the bending strength of the target product (M1) can be known from the displayed actual measurement value, and the safety and reliability of the product can be directly evaluated. Note that the overload and overstroke during the test were performed using the operation panel (6
8) Upper lamp (70) (73) and buzzer (71) (7)
4), the target product (M
1) There is no risk of damaging the reset button (7)
Together with the installation of 7), the durability of the test machine itself can be improved.

The above usage is substantially the same even in the bending tester of the second embodiment. In the case of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. A)
The hydraulic cylinder (38) itself is connected and integrated so as to hang down from a rack gear (62) which moves up and down by rotating the pinion gear (64). The lifting stroke can be secured in a wide range, and the bending test of the relatively low-volume target product (M2) can be performed without any trouble.

However, in the bending tester of the second embodiment, as suggested from FIG. 25, a plurality of stands (13) similar to those of the first embodiment are set on the installation base (A), and The target product (M2) can be set on the support pillow (21) of the target product supporting attachment (B) from above. Pressed piece (5) of the target product (M2)
5), the support pillow (21), and the entire attachment (B) including the support pillow (21) can be interchangeably used according to the material and shape of the target product (M2), as described above.

In any case, if the installation base (A) of the above-mentioned test machine is surrounded by a transparent and openable protective cover, it is possible to prevent an accident such as a personal injury caused by fragments of the target product (M2). In that respect, it is more effective. The fact that the remotely operated wagon (D) can be installed at its literally remote location also helps to achieve the above effect.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the load sensor (5
4) is a compression type load cell, and the compression load is applied to the target products (M1) and (M2). However, since the hydraulic cylinder (38) is a double-acting type, its load sensor (54) is used. Is a tension type load cell, the pressure piece (55) is embodied as a tension piece, and the support pillow (21) is also a clamp form for pressing and fixing the target products (M1) and (M2). M1)
It is also conceivable to apply a tensile load to (M2).

[0047]

In summary, the bending tester for machine products according to the present invention is composed of an installation base (A) mounted on a floor and a support (C) which is integrally suspended from the floor.
A cylinder holding frame (3) that forms the upper end of the support (C)
4) and a hydraulic cylinder (38) and a piston rod (3) hanging from the hydraulic cylinder (38).
Elevation adjustment boss (40) attached and fixed to the lower end of 9)
And an elevating adjustment screw shaft (44) screwed to the elevating adjustment boss (40) so as to be able to advance and retreat from below, and a strain attached to the lower end of the elevating adjustment screw shaft (44) in a pivotally supported state. A gauge type load sensor (54), a scale (58) for measuring the amount of flexure fixedly extended along the up-and-down adjusting boss (40) and a scale of the scale (58) are read and detected. Optical scale sensor (59) fixed corresponding to the mid-height position of the support (C)
A hydraulic pump (67) for remotely raising and lowering the hydraulic cylinder (38); and the two types of sensors (5
4) a remote control panel (68) including a load cell (69) and a length measuring instrument (72) electrically connected to (59);

The center of the target product (M1) (M2) set directly on the upper surface of the installation base (A) or indirectly set via a plurality of stands (13) The pressure of the target product (M1) (M2) detected by the load sensor (54) is displayed on the load meter (69) of the operation panel (68) while the pressure is increased by the lowering of the piston rod (39). The amount of deflection of the target product (M1) (M2) corresponding to the load is detected by the scale sensor (59), and the operation panel (6) is also detected.
Since the display is set to be displayed on the length measuring instrument (72) of (8), the problem of the prior art described at the beginning can be surely solved, and the bending strength of the target product (M1) (M2) can be directly reduced. As an actual measurement, there is an effect that the machine product can be safely shipped.

At the lower end of a piston rod (39) which is raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder (38), a screw fastener capable of moving forward and backward between a lifting adjustment boss (40) and a lifting adjustment screw shaft (44) is installed. The load sensor (5
Fine adjustment can be performed to position the load detection reference points (action start points) of the target products (M1) and (M2) according to 4), so that the test accuracy is improved and the convenience in use is excellent.

Furthermore, if the rack gear (62) is connected to and integrated with the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder (38) in an extended vertical state, rotation of the pinion gear (64) meshing with the rack gear (62) causes the hydraulic pressure to be increased. Cylinder (3
8) The installation height of the piston rod (39) can be set low, so that it can be used with a hydraulic cylinder (38) whose piston rod (39) has a small up-and-down stroke, and also can perform a bending test of a flat machine product without any trouble. There is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a bending tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an extracted installation base of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a fixed receiving seat of the attachment for supporting the target product.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a movable table of the attachment.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a support column extracted therefrom.

FIG. 12 is a side view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of FIG. 1 in an extracted manner.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing a use state of the first embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a front view showing a pressurized state of the target product following FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the bending tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a side view of FIG.

19 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 20 is a plan view extracting and showing the installation base of FIG. 17;

FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along line 21-21 of FIG. 17;

FIG. 22 is a sectional view taken along line 22-22 of FIG. 18;

FIG. 23 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of FIG. 17 in a cutaway manner.

FIG. 24 is a sectional front view showing a use state of the second embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a sectional front view showing another use state corresponding to FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing a remote-controlled wagon.

FIG. 27 is an enlarged front view showing a part of FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is an electric control circuit diagram of the testing machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (13) ・ Stand (34) ・ Cylinder holding frame (38) ・ Hydraulic cylinder (39) ・ Piston rod (40) ・ Elevation adjustment boss (44) ・ Elevation adjustment screw shaft (45) ・ Elevation adjustment handle (46) ・ Remove Stopper plate for stopping (47), Stopper plate for stopping rotation (48), lifting guide rod (49), support plate (54), load sensor (58), scale (59), scale sensor (62), rack gear ( 64) ・ Pinion gear (67) ・ Hydraulic pump (68) ・ Remote control panel (69) ・ Load meter (72) ・ Length gauge (A) ・ Installation base (B) ・ Attachment (C) ・ Prop (D) ・ Remote Operation wagon (M1), target product (M2), target product

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A floor installed on a floor (A), a column (C) vertically suspended from the floor, and a hydraulic pressure held by a cylinder holding frame (34) forming an upper end of the column (C). Cylinder (38) and its hydraulic cylinder (3
An elevating adjustment boss (40) attached to the lower end of a piston rod (39) hanging down from 8), and an elevating adjustment screw shaft (44) screwed to the elevating adjustment boss (40) so as to be able to advance and retreat from below. And a strain gauge type load sensor (54) attached to the lower end of the elevation adjustment screw shaft (44) in a pivotally attached state, and fixedly extended along the vertical direction of the elevation adjustment boss (40). Scale for measuring the amount of deflection (5
8), an optical scale sensor (59) fixed to the mid-height position of the column (C) and a hydraulic cylinder (38) to read and detect the scale of the scale (58). Hydraulic pump (6)
7) and a remote control panel (68) provided with a load cell (69) and a length measuring instrument (72) electrically connected to the two types of sensors (54) and (59). Set directly on top of A) or
Alternatively, the center of the target product (M1) (M2) indirectly set via a plurality of stands (13) is pressurized by the lowering of the piston rod (39) and detected by its load sensor (54). Target product (M1) (M2)
Is displayed on the load meter (69) of the operation panel (68), and the amount of deflection of the target product (M1) (M2) corresponding to the load is detected by the scale sensor (59). A bending tester for machine products, characterized in that it is set to be displayed on a length meter (72) of an operation panel (68). 2. A stopper plate (46) for preventing the lifting adjustment screw shaft (44) from coming off from the lifting adjustment boss (40) at the upper end of the lifting adjustment screw shaft (44) screwed to the lifting adjustment boss (40).
By attaching and fixing the lifting and lowering adjustment screw shaft (44), the lifting and lowering adjustment handle (45) is extended outwardly and integrally from the vicinity of the lower end of the lifting and lowering adjustment screw shaft (44).
The bending test machine for machine products according to claim 1, wherein the load detection reference point of the load sensor (54) is set so that the position can be adjusted. 3. A rack gear (62) is connected to and integrated with an upper end of a hydraulic cylinder (38) in an extended upright state, and a pinion gear (64) meshing with the rack gear (62) is connected to the upper surface of a column (C). At the center, the pinion gear (64) is raised and lowered by an operation handle (65).
2. The bending tester for machine products according to claim 1, wherein the setting height is set so that the installation height of the hydraulic cylinder (38) can be changed by rotating the hydraulic cylinder (38). 4. A stopper plate (47) for stopping rotation is integrally and outwardly extended from a body surface of a lifting / lowering adjusting boss (40), and is suspended in a state of being screwed and fastened to the stopper plate (47). 2. A bending test machine for machine products according to claim 1, wherein the support plate (49) projecting inward and integrally from the column (C) is provided at an intermediate height position of the lifting guide rod (48). . 5. The machine product according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pump (67) is of a manual type and is mounted on a table of the remote control wagon (D) in parallel with the operation panel (68). Deflection testing machine.