JP2721122B2 - Shield excavation equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield excavating apparatus and, more particularly, to a shield excavating apparatus which excavates a ground at a tip of an apparatus body to form a tunnel and propells the tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Shield excavating devices are used for various tunnel constructions. In addition, buried pipes are connected sequentially to the rear of the shield excavation equipment, and the propulsion method of burying the buried pipes in the ground at the same time as the promotion of the shield excavation equipment is used for construction of sewerage, gas piping, underground electric piping, etc. It is used for

In some cases, a shield tunneling machine digs a curved tunnel or buries a buried pipe along a curve. In this case, the device body of the shield excavating device is divided into a front portion and a rear portion, and is connected to each other so as to be bendable. The bending angle of the front portion and the rear portion is changed by a jack or the like. If the bent shield excavating device is propelled, it is propelled by drawing a curve corresponding to the bending angle, so that a curved tunnel can be constructed.

[0004] In such a shield excavating device, a gap is formed between the outer shells before and after the device main body, which expands or narrows according to the bending angle. If there is such a gap, earth and sand and groundwater flow from the ground, so a seal structure for closing the gap is required. The seal structure must be able to cope with the change in the bending angle as described above. Conventionally, various seal structures have been proposed for the above-described bent portions of the shield excavating device. For example,
No. 86193 discloses a technique in which the ends of the front and rear outer shells are overlapped at an interval, and an O-ring is disposed on the opposing surface to seal. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H4-155098 discloses that the outer peripheral surface of one of the front and rear shells is made spherical, and the cylindrical end of the other shell is fitted to this spherical end. A technique for matching is disclosed.

[0005]

In recent years, it has been demanded to form a sharply curved tunnel and to bury and bury a buried pipe along a sharply curved path. In order to form such a sharp curve with the shield excavating device, the bending angle of the shield excavating device may be increased. However, the conventional shield excavating device cannot make the bending angle so large that it is difficult to form a sharp curve. In particular, it was difficult to form a sharp curve without impairing the sealing function described above.

For example, as described above, in the structure in which the gap between the ends of the front and rear shells is closed by the O-ring, when the bending angle of the front and rear shells becomes large, the edge of one of the outer shells becomes the other outer edge. It comes into contact with the shell and can no longer bend. Further, a part of the O-ring cannot sufficiently contact the opposing surface, and the sealing function cannot be exhibited. By providing many bending portions of the shield excavating device in the axial direction, a large bending angle can be achieved in the entire shield excavating device even if the bending angle per one portion is small. However, since the length of the shield excavating device is fixed, it is not possible to provide too many bent portions. As the number of bending points increases, the number of mechanical structures required for the bending operation increases, the overall device becomes complicated, and the manufacturing cost increases. If the bending mechanism takes up space, the space required for operations such as the excavation mechanism and the discharge of earth and sand is reduced.

If the above-mentioned spherical end shape is adopted,
Even at one bending point, a considerably large bending angle can be achieved. However, it is difficult to machine the end of the outer shell into a precise spherical surface. If the spherical surface becomes dirty or damaged during use, it is necessary to rework the spherical surface. Further, if the center of the spherical surface and the center of the bending operation do not exactly coincide with each other, smooth bending cannot be performed, so that labor and technology are required for assembling and manufacturing the device. As a result, there is a problem that the equipment cost is high and the maintenance is difficult.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavating device capable of forming a sharp curve and having a simple structure.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A shield excavating device according to the present invention is a shield excavating device that excavates the ground at the tip of an apparatus main body to form a tunnel and propells the inside of the formed tunnel. It has a shield cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and sealing means. The shield cylinder is a plurality of shield cylinders that constitute the outer shell of the apparatus main body, are connected to each other back and forth so as to be bendable, and whose adjacent ends face each other with an interval in the radial direction. The intermediate cylinder is disposed at the middle of the opposite end of the shield cylinder so as to be freely movable with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides. Sealing means are disposed between the intermediate cylinder and the inner and outer ends of the shield cylinder, respectively.

[0010] It is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a restricting means for restricting an axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides. The sealing means includes an O-ring holding portion provided on the outer periphery of an end portion of the intermediate cylinder or the shield cylinder disposed inside the sealing means, and an O-ring held by the O-ring holding portion. Is preferred.

It is preferable that both ends of the O-ring holding portion are lower than the center in the axial direction of the apparatus main body.
It is preferable that a plurality of the intermediate cylinders are arranged concentrically at intervals in the radial direction, and the sealing means is also arranged between the intermediate cylinders.

[0012]

In the shield excavating apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of shield cylinders which form the outer shell of the apparatus main body, are connected to each other so as to be bendable back and forth, and whose adjacent ends face each other with an interval in the radial direction. It has. If the front and rear shield cylinders are bent, the outer shell shape of the apparatus main body can be bent according to the curve to be formed.

[0013] An intermediate cylinder, which is arranged at the middle of the opposite ends of the shield cylinder so as to be freely movable with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides, and between the intermediate cylinder and the ends of the shield cylinders on both sides. And the sealing means disposed respectively on the front and rear sides, the front and rear shield cylinders can be largely bent, and even in such a case, the sealing function can be sufficiently exhibited.

That is, if the front and rear shield cylinders are bent, the intermediate cylinder which is freely movable with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides automatically moves so as to take a substantially intermediate position between the shield cylinders on both sides. Move. Then, the bending angle between the intermediate cylinder and the shield cylinder whose end is disposed inside the intermediate cylinder, and the bending angle between the intermediate cylinder and the shield cylinder whose end is disposed outside the intermediate cylinder. The combined angle is the bending angle between the shield cylinders.

The bending angle between the intermediate cylinder and the shield cylinders on both sides thereof is set such that the intermediate cylinder and the shield cylinder can bend each other and a sufficient sealing function can be exerted by the sealing means disposed therebetween. However, the bending angle between the shield cylinders on both sides is a large bending angle such that the two bending angles are combined. Even if the bending angle between the shield cylinders increases, the bending angle between the shield cylinder and the intermediate cylinder closing the gap by the sealing means is small, so that the sealing function is not impaired.

Since the intermediate cylinder is a cylinder having a relatively simple structure, its manufacture is simple and inexpensive. The intermediate cylinder is
Since it is merely disposed between the opposite ends of the shield cylinder, maintenance during assembly and use is also easy.
Since the bending angle between the shield cylinder and the intermediate cylinder that closes the gap with the sealing means is small, a normal sealing member or sealing mechanism can be used as the sealing means, and the structure of the sealing means is simple, the cost is low, and the cost is low. There is no need for management.

If the regulating means for regulating the axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder is further provided, the operation of the intermediate cylinder can be performed reliably. If the intermediate cylinders movably arranged with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides are displaced in the axial direction, the above-described bending operation cannot be performed smoothly or the sealing function of the sealing means is impaired. There is. Therefore, if the movement range of the intermediate cylinder is regulated by the regulating means, such a problem can be solved.

The sealing means includes an O-ring holding portion provided on an outer periphery of an end portion of the intermediate cylinder or the shield cylinder disposed inside the sealing means, and an O-ring held by the O-ring holding portion. Therefore, even if the members arranged on both sides of the sealing means are bent, a reliable sealing function can be exerted. The structure of the O-ring and the O-ring holding portion is relatively simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the O-ring can be replaced relatively easily.

If the O-ring holding portion is lower at both ends in the axial direction of the apparatus main body than at the center, even if the bending angle between the O-ring holding portion and the member on the other side with which the O-ring abuts increases. The O-ring holding portion is unlikely to hit the member on the other side. As a result, the bending angle between the member on the O-ring holding portion side and the member on the other side can be increased. Further, it is possible to prevent the O-ring holding portion and the member on the other side from being damaged due to contact.

If a plurality of intermediate cylinders are arranged concentrically and spaced apart in the radial direction, and the sealing means is also arranged between the intermediate cylinders, the shield cylinder and the intermediate cylinder on both sides are provided. The angle obtained by combining the bending angles between the intermediate cylindrical bodies in addition to the bending angles between the intermediate cylindrical bodies is the bending angle between the shield cylindrical bodies. Therefore, if the bending angles of the individual members are the same, as the number of intermediate cylinders increases, the final bending angle of the shield cylinders can be increased. vice versa,
If the bending angles of the shield cylinders are the same, the bending angles of the individual members can be reduced, so that the sealing function can be enhanced or the structure of the sealing means can be simplified.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A shield excavating device shown in FIG. 1 has a front portion a in which a cylindrical device main body A is connected to bendable with each other.
It is composed of three parts, a middle part b and a rear part c. Each of the parts a, b, and c has a cylindrical shield cylinder 10a, 10b, 10c as an outer shell structure, respectively. A mechanical structure necessary for operating the excavating device is housed inside each of the shield cylinders 10a to 10c.

A cutter disk 1 is disposed at the front end of the front part a, and a crushing cone 2 is provided behind the cutter disk 1. A drive mechanism 3 including a motor and a speed reducer is mounted behind the cutter disk 1 and the crushing cone 2. The rear end of the drive mechanism 3 extends from the middle part b to the internal space of the rear part c. The front end of the flexible feeding / discharging hose 4 is opened in the internal space of the front part a, and the rear end of the feeding / discharging hose 4 extends from the middle part b to the rear part c. Rear c
A buried pipe P to be buried for propulsion is sequentially connected to the rear end.

The front part a and the middle part b are flexibly connected by three direction correcting jacks 20 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction inside the shield cylinders 10a and 10b.
The direction correcting jack 20 is driven by a hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic unit 5 installed at the rear part c. The middle portion b and the rear portion c are also flexibly connected by the same direction correcting jack 30 as described above.

At the bent portion between the front part a and the middle part b, the end of the shield cylinder 10b on the rear side is narrowed so as to have a smaller diameter than the end of the shield cylinder 10a on the front side. It is a radial end 12. At the tip of the narrow end 12,
A seal holding section 60 is provided. Seal holding part 60
Is inserted inside the shield cylinder 10a on the front side. The seal holding portion 60 and the front shield cylinder 10
The end of “a” is opposed at an interval in the radial direction.

An intermediate cylinder 40 is disposed between the seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b and an end of the shield cylinder 10a. The intermediate cylinder 40 is a shield cylinder 10b.
And the shield cylinder 10a are not fixed to each other, and can freely move in the axial direction or tilt. That is, they are arranged to be freely movable.

As shown in detail in FIG.
Has three ridges 46, 44, 46 on the outer periphery.
O-rings 50 are respectively mounted in two grooves formed between the ridges 46 and 44, and the ridges 44 and 46 are
It becomes a ring holder. The center ridge 44 has a flat upper end surface, and the ridges 46 on both sides have the upper end surfaces lower toward both ends than the center side. The distal end of an O-ring 50 is in contact with the inner surface of the shield cylinder 10a, and the ridges 44, 46 of the intermediate cylinder 40 are not in contact with the shield cylinder 10a.

The seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b also has three protrusions 6 having the same structure as the intermediate cylinder 40.
6, 64, 66, and the groove between each ridge 66, 64 has O
A ring 50 is mounted. The tip of the O-ring 50 is in contact with the inner surface of the intermediate cylinder 40. At both ends of the intermediate cylinder 40, annular stoppers 42, 4 projecting toward the center side are provided.
2 are provided. Even if the intermediate cylinder 40 moves in the axial direction with respect to the shield cylinder 10b, if the stoppers 42, 42 hit the protrusions 66 of the seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b, no further movement is possible. Therefore, the stoppers 42, 42 regulate the range of movement of the intermediate cylinder 40 in the axial direction.

The connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10c is also provided in the shield cylinder 10a.
A structure similar to that of the connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10b is provided. The operation of the shield excavating device will be described. In order to bury a buried pipe by using a shield excavating device, the ground is dug by a shield excavating device from a side wall of a shaft excavated in the ground to form a tunnel. In particular,
The ground is excavated by rotating the cutter disk 1 and the crushing cone 2 of the apparatus main body A by the drive mechanism 3. The excavated earth and sand is discharged to the rear through the feeding and discharging hose 4. A buried pipe P is connected to the rear end of the apparatus main body A, and is buried inside the formed tunnel as the shield excavating apparatus is propelled. A thrust is applied to the rear end of the row composed of the apparatus main body A and the buried pipes P by means of a main pushing jack or the like installed in a vertical shaft to propel the rows of the apparatus main body A and the buried pipes P.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the connection point between the shield cylinder 10a and the shield cylinder 10b, the shield cylinder 10
a and the intermediate cylinder 40 and between the intermediate cylinder 40 and the shield cylinder 10b are sealed by the O-ring 50, so that earth and sand and water do not flow into the apparatus main body A from the ground side. . The O-ring 50 seals the connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10c.

To bury the buried pipe P in a curved shape, the direction correcting jacks 20 and 30 are operated to bend the front part a and the middle part b and the middle part b and the rear part c of the apparatus main body A to a desired angle. Let it. As shown in FIG. 3, the shield cylinder 10a
The intermediate cylinder 40 moves so as to just close the gap between the shield cylinder 10a and the shield cylinder 10b bent at a predetermined angle at the connection point between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10b. That is, the shield cylinder 10a and the intermediate cylinder 40 are bent at a fixed angle, and the intermediate cylinder 40 and the shield cylinder 10b are also bent at a constant angle. Intermediate cylinder 4
Since 0 is in a floating state, it automatically moves to a position and a bending angle substantially intermediate between the shield cylinder 10a and the shield cylinder 10b. However, if the stopper 42 of the intermediate cylinder 40 hits the ridge 66 of the seal holding part 60, the intermediate cylinder 40 cannot move any further. Even when the stopper 42 of the intermediate cylinder 40 hits a portion where the diameter increases from the narrow end 12 of the shield cylinder 10b, the movement of the intermediate cylinder 40 is restricted.

The O-ring 50 held by the seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b contacts the inner surface of the intermediate cylinder 40, and the O-ring 50 held by the intermediate cylinder 40 contacts the inner surface of the shield cylinder 10a. Since they are in contact with each other, the sealing function at the connection point is good. A similar effect occurs at the connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10c. In the shield excavating device described above, the device main body A is bent at two points, that is, the connecting point between the front part a and the middle part b and the connecting point between the middle part b and the rear part c. In addition, the entire bending angle of the device main body A can be increased.

Of the front and rear shield cylinders 10a and 10b, the rear shield cylinder 10b is provided with a narrow-diameter end portion 12 so as to be disposed inside the front shield cylinder 10a. Since the connection structure of the cylinders 10a and 10b is hidden inside the shield cylinder 10a, when the shield excavating device is propelled, the shield cylinders 10a and 10b
No large resistance is generated at the connection point b. Further, the ground pressure and the propulsion resistance are hardly applied to the portion of the intermediate cylinder 40. The same operation can be performed at the connection between the shield cylinders 10b and 10c. [Other Embodiments] (a) The internal mechanism and the housing device of the shield excavating device are not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, specific structures such as cutters and cones, other excavation mechanism structures, and earth and sand discharge mechanisms can be arbitrarily combined with structures similar to those of ordinary shield excavation devices. Without discharging the excavated earth and sand,
The present invention can also be applied to a digging device having a structure that forms a tunnel by compacting earth and sand into the surrounding ground. A surveying target, an inclinometer, and the like may be provided inside the apparatus main body.

(B) In the apparatus body, three shield cylinders may be connected to each other so as to be bendable as shown in the figure, or only two shield cylinders may be connected.
More than two shield cylinders may be connected. (c) As the bending mechanism of the apparatus main body, various bending mechanisms used in a normal shield excavating device can be adopted in addition to the bending mechanism using the illustrated direction correcting jack.

(D) As the sealing means, besides the illustrated O-ring, various packings and sealing mechanisms can be used. O-rings and other sealing mechanisms may be combined. The O-ring 50 is connected to the intermediate cylinder 40 and the seal holding portion 6.
In addition to arranging two lines at 0, only one line may be arranged, or three or more lines may be arranged.

[0035]

According to the present invention described above, since the intermediate cylinder and the sealing means as described above are provided, the front and rear shield cylinders can be largely bent. Function can be exhibited well. As a result, a sharp curve can be created by the shield excavating device.

Moreover, the intermediate cylinder has a relatively simple structure, and does not require high processing accuracy. The sealing means is also O
Since the usual sealing means such as a ring can be used, the structure is simple and the maintenance is easy. Therefore, the structure of the shield excavating device is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and no maintenance and management is required. Incidentally, if further provided with a regulating means for regulating the axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder,
The operation of the intermediate cylinder can be reliably performed.

If the sealing means has an O-ring holding portion and an O-ring, a reliable sealing function can be exhibited, and the structure of the sealing means is simple, inexpensive, and easy to maintain. If the O-ring holding portion is lower at both ends in the axial direction of the apparatus main body than at the center side, the bending angle can be increased, and the O-ring holding portion and the member on the other side can be prevented from being damaged.

If the intermediate cylinders are provided in a plurality of stages as described above, the bending angle can be further increased. Further, the sealing function can be satisfactorily exerted and the structure of the sealing means can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a shield excavating device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a connecting portion of a shield cylinder.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a bent state of a shield cylinder.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10a to 10c Shield cylinder 20, 30 Direction correction jack 40 Intermediate cylinder 42 Stopper 44, 46 Projection 50 O-ring 60 Seal holding portion 64, 66 Projection A Device body

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield excavating device for propelling a tunnel formed by digging a ground at a tip end of an apparatus main body and propelling the inside of the formed tunnel. A plurality of shield cylinders whose adjacent ends face each other at a distance in the radial direction, and are movable with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides in the middle of the opposite ends of the shield cylinder. A shield excavating device comprising: an intermediate cylinder disposed in the intermediate cylinder; and sealing means respectively disposed between the intermediate cylinder and ends of the shield cylinders on both sides. 2. The shield excavating device according to claim 1, further comprising a restricting means for restricting an axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder with respect to the shield cylinder. 3. An O-ring holding portion provided on an outer periphery of an end of an intermediate cylinder or a shield cylinder disposed inside the sealing means, and an O-ring held by the O-ring holding portion. The shield excavating device according to claim 1, comprising: 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the O-ring holding portion are lower than a center side in an axial direction of the apparatus main body.
4. The shield excavating device according to any one of items 1 to 3. 5. The intermediate cylinder according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said intermediate cylinders are concentrically arranged at intervals in a radial direction, and said sealing means is arranged between said intermediate cylinders. A shield excavation device according to any one of the claims.