JPH07331987A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a shield machine that is possible for a steeply curved land reclamation as well as simple in structure. CONSTITUTION:An outer shell of a unit body A is composed of three shield cylinders 10a to 10c. These shield cylinders 10a to 19c are connected before and behind bendably with one another, and adjacent ends themselves are opposed to one another at intervals in the radial direction. An intermediate cylinder 40 is set up in the point midway in an end part where the shield cylinders are opposed, floatably to each shield cylinder at both sides. Each of seal means consisting of an O-ring 50 and so on is set up in an interval between the inermediate cylinder 40 and respective cylinders at both the ends.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield digging device, and more particularly to a shield digging device for forming a tunnel by digging the ground at the tip of the device body and propelling the tunnel inside the formed tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Shield excavation devices are used in various tunnel constructions. In addition, a propulsion method in which buried pipes are sequentially connected to the rear part of the shield excavator and the buried pipe is buried underground simultaneously with the promotion of the shield excavator is the construction of sewers, gas pipes, underground electric pipes, etc. Is used for.

A shield tunneling device may dig a curved tunnel or push and bury a buried pipe along a curved line. In this case, the device main body of the shield excavator is divided into a front part and a rear part and connected to each other so as to be bendable, and the bending angle of the front part and the rear part is changed by a jack or the like. If a curved shield excavator is propelled, a curved tunnel corresponding to the bending angle is drawn, so that a curved tunnel can be constructed.

In such a shield digging device, a gap is formed between the front and rear outer shells of the main body of the device which expands or narrows depending on the bending angle. If there is such a gap, earth and sand and groundwater will flow in from the ground, so a seal structure that closes the gap is necessary. The seal structure must be able to cope with the change in bending angle as described above. Heretofore, various seal structures have been proposed for bending portions of the shield excavator as described above. For example, the actual Kaihei 3-
Japanese Patent No. 86193 discloses a technique in which the ends of the front and rear outer shells are overlapped with each other with a space therebetween, and an O-ring is arranged on the facing surface to seal the ends. In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-155098, one of the front and rear outer shells has a spherical outer surface at the end portion, and the cylindrical end portion of the other outer shell is fitted to the spherical end portion. The technique to match is disclosed.

[0005]

In recent years, it has been desired to form a steeply curved tunnel and to propulsively embed a buried pipe along a steeply curved path. In order to create such a sharp curve by the shield excavator, the bending angle of the shield excavator may be increased. However, in the conventional shield excavator, the bending angle cannot be increased so much that it is difficult to form a sharp curve. In particular, it was difficult to form a sharp curve without impairing the above-mentioned sealing function.

For example, as described above, in the structure in which the gap between the ends of the front and rear outer shells is closed by the O-ring, when the bending angle of the front and rear outer shells becomes large, the end edge of one outer shell becomes the outer edge of the other outer shell. It comes into contact with the shell and cannot bend further. Moreover, a part of the O-ring cannot sufficiently come into contact with the facing surface, so that the sealing function cannot be exerted. If a large number of bending points of the shield excavating device are provided in the axial direction, a large bending angle can be achieved in the entire shield excavating device even if the bending angle per part is small. However, since the shield digging device has a fixed length, it is not possible to provide too many bending points. As the number of bending points is increased, the mechanical structure required for the bending operation is increased, the entire device is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is increased. If the bending mechanism takes up a lot of space, the space required for work such as the excavation mechanism and the discharge of earth and sand becomes smaller.

If the spherical end shape described above is adopted,
It is possible to achieve a considerably large bending angle even at one bending point. However, it is difficult to process the end of the outer shell into an accurate spherical surface. If the sphere becomes dirty or damaged during use, the sphere must be reworked. Further, if the center of the spherical surface and the center of the bending operation do not exactly coincide with each other, smooth bending cannot be performed, so that labor and technology are required for assembling and manufacturing the device. As a result, there are problems that the device cost is high and maintenance is difficult.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavation device which can form a sharp curve and has a simple structure.

[0009]

A shield excavator according to the present invention is a shield excavator that excavates the ground at the tip of an apparatus body to form a tunnel and propels the tunnel inside the tunnel. It has a shield cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and a sealing means. The shield tube body is a plurality of shield tube bodies that form an outer shell of the apparatus body, are connected to each other so as to be bendable in the front-rear direction, and have adjacent ends facing each other at intervals in the radial direction. The intermediate tubular body is arranged movably with respect to the shield tubular bodies on both sides in the middle of the opposite ends of the shield tubular body. The sealing means is arranged between the intermediate tubular body and the ends of the inner and outer shield tubular bodies, respectively.

It is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a regulation means for regulating the axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides. The sealing means includes an O-ring holding portion provided on the outer periphery of the end portion of the intermediate tubular body or the shield tubular body disposed inside the sealing means, and an O-ring held by the O-ring holding portion. Is preferred.

It is preferable that both ends of the O-ring holding portion are lower in the axial direction of the apparatus body than in the central side.
It is preferable that a plurality of the intermediate cylinders are concentrically arranged at intervals in the radial direction, and the sealing means is also arranged between the intermediate cylinders.

[0012]

In the shield digging device according to the present invention, a plurality of shield cylinders that form the outer shell of the device main body, are connected to each other so as to be bendable in the front and back, and have adjacent ends that are opposed to each other at intervals in the radial direction. Is equipped with. By bending the front and rear shield cylinders, it is possible to bend the outer shell shape of the apparatus body according to the curve to be formed.

Between an intermediate tubular body that is arranged so as to be movable with respect to the shield tubular bodies on both sides in the middle of the opposing end portions of the shield tubular body, and between the intermediate tubular body and the end portions of the shield tubular bodies on both sides. Since each of the shield cylinders is provided with the sealing means, the front and rear shield cylinders can be greatly bent, and the sealing function can be excellently exerted even in that case.

That is, if the front and rear shield cylinders are bent, the intermediate cylinder arranged so as to be movable with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides is automatically set so as to assume an almost intermediate posture between the shield cylinders on both sides. Move. Then, the bending angle between the intermediate tubular body and the shield tubular body having the end portion disposed inside thereof, and the bending angle between the intermediate tubular body and the shield tubular body having the end portion disposed outside thereof are defined as follows. The combined angle is the bending angle between the shield cylinders.

The bending angle between the intermediate cylinder and the shield cylinders on both sides of the intermediate cylinder is set so that the intermediate cylinder can bend each other and the sealing means arranged between them can exert a sufficient sealing function. However, the bending angle between the shield cylinders on both sides is as large as the bending angle of both of the above. Even if the bending angles of the shield cylinders become large, the sealing function is not impaired because the bending angle between the shield cylinder and the intermediate cylinder that closes the gap by the sealing means is small.

Since the intermediate cylinder has a relatively simple structure, it is easy to manufacture and does not cost much. The intermediate cylinder is
Since it is simply arranged between the opposing ends of the shield cylinder, maintenance is easy during assembly and use.
Since the bending angle between the shield cylinder and the intermediate cylinder that closes the gap with the sealing means is small, a normal sealing member or sealing mechanism can be used for the sealing means, and the structure of the sealing means is simple and the cost is kept low. There is no need for management.

The operation of the intermediate cylinder can be reliably performed by further providing a restriction means for restricting the axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder. When the intermediate cylinders that are movably arranged with respect to the shield cylinders on both sides are displaced in the axial direction, the above-described bending operation cannot be performed smoothly, and the sealing function of the sealing means is impaired. There is. Therefore, if the movement range of the intermediate cylinder is regulated by the regulation means, such a problem can be solved.

The sealing means is provided with an O-ring holding portion provided on the outer periphery of the end of the intermediate tubular body or the shield tubular body disposed inside the sealing means, and an O-ring held by the O-ring holding portion. Therefore, even if the members arranged on both sides of the sealing means are bent, a reliable sealing function can be exerted. The structure of the O-ring and the O-ring holder is relatively simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the O-ring can be replaced relatively easily.

If the O-ring holding portion is lower on both ends in the axial direction of the apparatus main body than on the center side, even if the bending angle between the O-ring holding portion and the other member with which the O-ring abuts becomes large. , O-ring holding part is hard to hit the other member. As a result, the bending angle between the O-ring holding portion side member and the mating side member can be increased. It is also possible to prevent the O-ring holding portion and the other member from coming into contact and being damaged.

If a plurality of intermediate cylinders are concentrically arranged at intervals in the radial direction and the sealing means is arranged between the intermediate cylinders, the shield cylinders and the intermediate cylinders on both sides are provided. In addition to the bending angle between the shield cylinders, the bending angle between the intermediate cylinders is the bending angle between the shield cylinders. Therefore, if the bending angles of the individual members are the same, the bending angle of the final shield cylinders can be increased as the number of intermediate cylinders increases. vice versa,
If the bending angles of the shield cylinders are the same, the bending angles of the individual members can be reduced, so that the sealing function can be enhanced and the structure of the sealing means can be simplified.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A shield excavation device shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical main body A, a front part a of which is connected to each other so as to be bendable,
It is composed of three parts, a middle part b and a rear part c. Each of the parts a, b and c is provided with a cylindrical shield cylinder 10a, 10b, 10c as an outer shell structure. Inside each of the shield cylinders 10a to 10c, a mechanical structure necessary for operating the excavation device is housed.

A cutter disk 1 is arranged at the tip of the front part a, and a crushing cone 2 is provided behind the cutter disk 1. A drive mechanism 3 including a motor and a speed reducer is attached behind the cutter disk 1 and the crushing cone 2. The rear end of the drive mechanism 3 extends from the middle part b to the internal space of the rear part c. A flexible leading end of the sludge feeding and discharging hose 4 is opened in the internal space of the front portion a, and a rear end of the feeding and discharging sludge hose 4 extends from the middle portion b to the rear portion c. Rear part c
Buried pipes P for propulsion burying are sequentially connected to the rear end.

The front part a and the middle part b are flexibly connected by the direction correction jacks 20 arranged at three positions in the shield cylinders 10a and 10b at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
The direction correcting jack 20 is driven by the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic unit 5 installed at the rear portion c. Both the middle part b and the rear part c are flexibly connected by the same direction correction jack 30 as described above.

At the bent portion between the front part a and the middle part b, the end of the shield cylinder 10b on the rear side is narrowed and narrowed so as to have a smaller diameter than the end of the shield cylinder 10a on the front side. It is the diameter end portion 12. At the tip of the narrow end 12,
A seal holder 60 is provided. Seal holder 60
Is inserted inside the shield cylinder 10a on the front side. The seal holder 60 and the front shield cylinder 10
The end of a is opposed to each other with a space in the radial direction.

An intermediate cylinder 40 is arranged between the seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b and the end of the shield cylinder 10a. The intermediate cylinder 40 is the shield cylinder 10b.
Also, it is not fixed to any of the shield cylinders 10a, and it is possible to freely move or tilt in the axial direction. That is, it is arranged so that it can move freely.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the intermediate tubular body 40.
Has three ridges 46, 44, 46 on the outer circumference.
An O-ring 50 is attached to each of the two grooves formed between the ridges 46 and 44, so that the ridges 44 and 46 are O-shaped.
It becomes a ring holding part. The central ridge 44 has a flat upper end surface, and the ridges 46 on both sides have the upper end surfaces lower toward the both ends than the central side. The tip of the O-ring 50 is in contact with the inner surface of the shield cylinder 10a so that the protrusions 44 and 46 of the intermediate cylinder 40 do not contact the shield cylinder 10a.

The seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b also has three protrusions 6 having the same structure as the intermediate cylinder 40.
6, 64, 66 with O in the groove between the ridges 66, 64.
A ring 50 is attached. The tip of the O-ring 50 is in contact with the inner surface of the intermediate tubular body 40. At both ends of the intermediate tubular body 40, annular stoppers 42, 4 protruding toward the center side are provided.
Two are provided. Even if the intermediate tubular body 40 moves in the axial direction with respect to the shield tubular body 10b, if the stoppers 42, 42 hit the ridge 66 of the seal holding portion 60 of the shield tubular body 10b, it cannot move any further. Therefore, the stoppers 42, 42 regulate the moving range of the intermediate tubular body 40 in the axial direction.

The above-mentioned shield cylinder 10a is also provided at the connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10c.
A structure similar to that of the connecting portion between the shield cylinder body 10b and the shield cylinder body 10b is provided. The operation of the shield advance device will be described. In order to use the shield excavator to burial the buried pipe, the shield excavator excavates the ground from the side wall of the shaft excavated in the ground to form a tunnel. In particular,
The cutter disk 1 and the crushing cone 2 of the apparatus main body A are rotated by the drive mechanism 3 to excavate the ground. The excavated earth and sand is discharged to the rear via the mud supply and discharge hose 4. A buried pipe P is connected to the rear end of the apparatus main body A, and is propelled and buried inside the formed tunnel as the shield excavation device is propelled. A thrust force is applied to the rear end of the row of the apparatus main body A and the buried pipe P by a source push jack or the like installed in the shaft to propel the row of the apparatus main body A and the buried pipe P.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the connecting portion of the shield cylinder 10a and the shield cylinder 10b, the shield cylinder 10 is connected.
Since the O-ring 50 seals between a and the intermediate tubular body 40 and between the intermediate tubular body 40 and the shield tubular body 10b, earth and sand and water do not flow into the apparatus main body A from the ground side. . The O-ring 50 also seals the connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10c.

In order to bury the buried pipe P in a curved shape, the direction correcting jacks 20 and 30 are operated to bend the front part a and the middle part b and the middle part b and the rear part c of the apparatus main body A to a desired angle. Let As shown in FIG. 3, the shield cylinder 10a
At the connection point between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10b, the intermediate cylinder 40 moves so as to just close the space between the shield cylinder 10a and the shield cylinder 10b bent at a predetermined angle. That is, the shield tubular body 10a and the intermediate tubular body 40 are bent at a constant angle, and the intermediate tubular body 40 and the shield tubular body 10b are also bent at a constant angle. Intermediate cylinder 4
Since 0 is in a floating state, it automatically moves to a position and a bending angle approximately in the middle between the shield cylinder 10a and the shield cylinder 10b. However, if the stopper 42 of the intermediate tubular body 40 hits the ridge 66 of the seal holding portion 60, the intermediate tubular body 40 cannot move any further. The movement of the intermediate tubular body 40 is also restricted when the stopper 42 of the intermediate tubular body 40 hits a portion where the diameter of the shield tubular body 10b expands from the narrow end 12 thereof.

The O-ring 50 held by the seal holding portion 60 of the shield cylinder 10b contacts the inner surface of the intermediate cylinder 40, and the O-ring 50 held by the intermediate cylinder 40 contacts the inner surface of the shield cylinder 10a. Since they are in contact with each other, the sealing function at the connecting point is good. The same action occurs at the connection between the shield cylinder 10b and the shield cylinder 10c. In the shield excavation device described above, since the apparatus main body A is bent at two points, that is, the connection point between the front part a and the middle part b and the connection point between the middle part b and the rear part c, compared to the case where there is one bending point. The bending angle of the entire apparatus body A can be increased.

Of the front and rear shield cylinders 10a and 10b, the rear shield cylinder 10b is provided with a narrow-diameter end 12 so as to be arranged inside the front shield cylinder 10a. Since the connecting structure of the cylinders 10a and 10b is hidden inside the shield cylinder 10a, when the shield excavator is propelled, the shield cylinders 10a and 10b
No great resistance is generated at the connection point of b. Further, the ground pressure and the propulsion resistance are hard to be applied to the portion of the intermediate tubular body 40. The same operation can be performed at the connecting portion of the shield cylinders 10b and 10c. [Other Embodiments] (a) The internal mechanism and the housing device of the shield excavation device are not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, a concrete structure such as a cutter or a cone, a structure of another excavation mechanism, a mechanism of discharging sand and the like can be arbitrarily combined with a structure similar to a normal shield excavator. Do not discharge the excavated earth and sand,
It can also be applied to an excavation device having a structure in which earth and sand are compacted in the surrounding ground to form a tunnel. It is also possible to provide a target for surveying, an inclinometer, etc. inside the apparatus main body.

(B) In the main body of the apparatus, three shield cylinders may be connected to each other so as to be bendable as shown in the figure, or only two shield cylinders may be connected.
You may make it connect more than one shield cylinder. (c) As the bending mechanism of the apparatus body, in addition to the bending mechanism by the illustrated direction correction jack, various bending mechanisms used in a normal shield excavating device can be adopted.

(D) As the sealing means, various packings and sealing mechanisms other than the illustrated O-ring can be used. It is also possible to combine the O-ring with another sealing mechanism. The O-ring 50 includes the intermediate tubular body 40 and the seal holder 6.
In addition to arranging two at 0, it is also possible to arrange only one or three or more.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, by providing the above-mentioned intermediate cylinder and the sealing means, the front and rear shield cylinders can be largely bent, and even in that case, the seal can be sealed. The function can be exhibited well. As a result, a sharp curve can be created by the shield excavator.

Moreover, the intermediate cylindrical body has a relatively simple structure and does not require high processing accuracy. The sealing means is also O
Since normal sealing means such as a ring can be used, the structure is simple and maintenance is easy. Therefore, the structure of the shield digging device is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and maintenance work is not required. In addition, if further provided with a regulating means for regulating the axial movement range of the intermediate tubular body,
The operation of the intermediate cylinder can be reliably performed.

If the sealing means is provided with an O-ring holding portion and an O-ring, a reliable sealing function can be exerted, and the structure of the sealing means is simple and inexpensive, and maintenance is easy. If the O-ring holding portion is lower on both ends in the axial direction of the apparatus body than on the center side, the bending angle can be increased and damage to the O-ring holding portion and the mating member can be prevented.

If the intermediate tubular body is provided in a plurality of stages as described above, the bending angle can be further increased. In addition, the sealing function can be exhibited well and the structure of the sealing means can be simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a shield digging device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part showing a connecting portion of a shield cylinder.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a bent state of a shield cylinder.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10a-10c Shield cylinder 20,30 Direction correction jack 40 Intermediate cylinder 42 Stopper 44,46 Projection 50 O-ring 60 Seal holding part 64,66 Projection A Device body

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A shield excavation device for forming a tunnel by digging the ground at the tip of an apparatus body and propelling the tunnel in the formed tunnel, which constitutes an outer shell of the apparatus body and is bendable to each other. A plurality of shield cylinders that are connected to each other in the front-rear direction and have adjacent ends facing each other at intervals in the radial direction, and are movable between the shield cylinders on both sides in the middle of the opposite ends of the shield cylinder. A shield excavating device, comprising: an intermediate tubular body disposed on the intermediate tubular body; and sealing means respectively disposed between the intermediate tubular body and the ends of the shield tubular bodies on both sides. 2. The shield excavating device according to claim 1, further comprising a restricting unit that restricts an axial movement range of the intermediate cylinder with respect to the shield cylinder. 3. An O-ring holding portion provided on the outer periphery of an end portion of an intermediate cylinder or a shield cylinder arranged inside the sealing means, and an O-ring held by the O-ring holding portion. The shield excavation device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 4. The O-ring holding portion is lower on both ends in the axial direction of the apparatus body than on the center side.
4. The shield excavation device according to any one of 1 to 3. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the intermediate cylinders are concentrically arranged at intervals in the radial direction, and the sealing means is arranged between the intermediate cylinders. The shield digging device described in Crab.