JP4259967B2 - Double-section shield construction method and water-stop member used therefor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention constructs a tunnel lining body that is independent for each shield machine that assembles a lining body with a number of segments behind it while connecting multiple single-section shield machines and propelling them to the ground. The present invention relates to a multi-section shield construction method and a water-stop member used therefor.

  In recent years, construction of multi-section shield tunnels in which the cross-sectional shape of the lining is a eyebrows shape, a glasses shape, a dharma shape or a rectangle has been performed. In this technology, multiple single-section shield machines are connected in parallel, and these shield machines are propelled in a connected state, and a large number of segments are assembled behind them to make independent tunnel lining bodies for each shield machine. In some cases, the tunnel lining body is separated by branching off the shield machine during propulsion.

  In general, when a shield machine is first propelled to a natural ground, as shown in FIG. 13, a starting entrance 1 is first provided at the wellhead G2 from the bottom of the shaft G1 in the starting direction. A plurality of single-section shield machines 2 as shown in FIG. 14 are connected to the entrance 1 to form a connection body 3, and then the connection body 3 is propelled to the natural ground G through the entrance 1. A lining body 5 is sequentially assembled by a plurality of segments 4 at the rear part of each shield machine 2, and a propulsion reaction force is taken by applying a jack for propulsion of the shield machine 2 to the lining body 5. Then, when both shield machines 2 penetrate into the natural ground G, the gap between the entrance 1 and each lining body 5 is filled with a self-hardening material such as mortar to obtain a stable structure.

  The two shield machines 2 constituting the coupling body 3 have the same configuration, and have a front portion 2a which is a portion having a cutter 7 at the tip and mainly performing ground excavation, and a lining body mainly inside the front portion 2a. 5 is assembled with a tail portion 2b, and cylindrical skin plates 8 forming outer shells of the front portion 2a and the tail portion 2b are connected by a central connecting member 9, respectively. It has become. The entrance 1 for starting the connection body 3 is an eyebrows-shaped outer shell body formed into a shape in which a part of a circle overlaps with each other according to the outer cross-section of the connection body 3. Etc., and embedded with the rear end exposed to the shaft G1 with respect to the shaft G2.

  In order to prevent earth and sand and groundwater from flowing from the natural ground through the entrance 1 to the shaft G1 (hereinafter collectively referred to as water leakage) on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1, the entrance 1 A packing for closing the gap between the skin plate 8 of each shield machine 2 and the assembled lining body 5 and stopping the water is attached to the entire circumference, and this packing is used to propel the shield machine 2. Along with this, it is elastically deformed in the propulsion direction side and pressed against the outer surface of the skin plate 8 and the central connecting member 9 to achieve a water stop function.

  By the way, according to the connection body 3 including the two shield machines 2, even if the skin plates 8 of both shield machines 2 are connected in contact with each other, they are assembled in each tail portion 2b. The covered body 5 is independent for each shield machine 2 and a gap is formed between them. Therefore, while the packing is in pressure contact with the skin plate 8 of the shield machine 2, water is stopped by the packing, but the propulsion of the shield machine 2 and the assembly of the covering body 5 proceed, and the covering body 5. However, when the packing part is reached, the upper and lower parts of the gap are covered with the packing, but nothing is present in the part between them, and water leakage occurs.

Further, since the central connecting member 9 that connects the two shield machines 2 connects the front part 2a and the tail part 2b individually, there is a discontinuous part 12 between them. When 12 reaches the packing portion as the shield machine 2 is propelled, the packing cannot close the discontinuous portion 12, and there is a problem that earth and sand or groundwater enters into the packing portion and causes water leakage. is there.

  In view of such a problem, the present applicant has already invented a multi-section shield construction method capable of improving the water stoppage when starting the shield machine 2 from the entrance 1 provided at the wellhead G2. This multi-section shield construction method is a start-up in which a connecting body 3 formed by connecting a plurality of single-section shield machines 2 according to a covering section is an outer shell formed according to the outer cross-section of the connecting body. Propelled from the entrance 1 toward the ground, and the lining body 5 is sequentially assembled by the tunnel lining segment 4 at the tail portion 2b of each shield machine 2 so as to correspond to each shield machine 2 independently. A multi-section shield construction method for constructing a tunnel lining body having a circular cross section, which is assembled on the outer peripheral surface of the coupling body 3 and the rear thereof over the entire inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1 when the shield machine is started. A packing 21 (22) to be brought into pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface of the covering body 5 is attached in advance, and the connecting body 3 is detached from the packing 21 (22) as the connecting body 3 is propelled. Before contact with the covering body 5 and the packing 21 (22) in the gap formed between the assembled covering bodies 5 at the rear end of the entrance 1 and the contact surface with the covering body 5 The gap 11 is closed by fitting a closing block 31 having a close contact member (see FIGS. 15 and 16).

According to the multi-section shield construction method, the gap 11 between the covering bodies 5 can be closed using the closing block 31, and water leakage can be prevented. The operation of fitting the closing block 31 includes, for example, inserting from above and below the gap 11 using the space of the shaft G1 on the near side of the entrance 1. However, in the method of inserting the closing block 31 from above and below the gap 11, the upper and lower outer surfaces do not come into contact with the packing 22 on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1, so that the upper and lower outer surfaces are second-staged by the jacks installed in the shaft G1. It is necessary to push the closing block 31 forward until it comes into contact with the packing 22, and the fitting work requires labor. Further, the fitting operation of the block 31 can be performed while the shield machine 2 is propelled as long as the first-stage packing 21 is applied to the skin plate. 2 had to be performed once stopped, leading to a reduction in work efficiency.
Japanese Patent No. 3286427

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and a plurality of shield machines are connected and excavated, and a multi-section in which an independent tunnel lining body is assembled behind each shield machine. In the shield construction method, it is a technical subject to easily improve the water stoppage when excavating the shield machine.

The multi-section shield method according to the present invention is configured as follows in order to solve the above-described technical problems. A single-section shield machine with multiple cross-sections connected according to the cross-section is propelled from the start entrance toward the ground, and the tunnel lining segment is used at the tail of each shield machine. A multi-section shield construction method in which a lining body is assembled in order and a tunnel lining body is constructed, and includes a hole portion that forms an inner peripheral surface that is substantially the same shape as the lining body, and stops the entrance opening. A water member is arranged in advance at the rear end portion of the connecting body, and a propelling member having an inner peripheral surface substantially the same shape as the lining body is inserted from the rear end portion of the water stop member, and the water stop member is placed in the entrance. After the connecting body and the water stop member are propelled until they are arranged in the position, only the connecting body is propelled.

  In the double-section shield construction method according to the present invention, first, a propelling member is inserted from behind the excavation until the water-stopping member is arranged at an appropriate position, and the connecting body and the water-stopping member are pushed into the entrance. Then, after the water stop member is propelled in the natural ground direction before the water stop member is detached from the entrance, only the coupling body is propelled. Since this water stop member is arranged in the entrance without leaving the entrance, it can block the opening of the entrance and prevent water leakage from the natural ground into the entrance. Moreover, since the said water stop member is formed integrally with the hole part contact | abutted with each covering body, it is possible to block the clearance gap between covering bodies. And after closing an entrance opening part with a water stop member, only a connection body is dug, a segment can be assembled with the tail part of the shield machine which comprises a connection body, and a tunnel lining body can be constructed | assembled. In addition, since the water stop member has a hole that is substantially the same shape as the inner peripheral surface of the lining body for each lining body, the water blocking member is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the lining body and is one of the tunnel lining bodies. Parts.

  The water stop member is not particularly limited as long as it can close the entrance opening in order to prevent water from leaking from the ground to the inside of the entrance, and the material is not particularly limited, but iron and concrete are particularly preferable. Further, when the water stop member is attached to the rear end portion of the coupling body, it may be detachably connected so that it can be separated later. For example, the rear end portion of the coupling body and the connection portion of the water stop member are fitted to each other. The structure which provides a coupling and connects using a volt | bolt is mentioned.

  Further, the water stop member is disposed in a state of being interposed between the propulsion member and the lining body at a position where the entrance opening is blocked, and when a gap is generated between each member, the water stop member is grounded from the gap. Sediment and groundwater contained in the mountain will leak. In order to prevent such a problem, it is desirable to provide a close contact member between each member and the water stop member. This is because by providing the close contact member, the water stop member and each member come into close contact with each other and the water stop is improved. Various materials can be used for the contact member, and examples thereof include rubber, urethane, concrete, and the like. In addition, the contact member may be attached to each member in advance, or may be filled after the water-stopping member is disposed at a predetermined position, and is preferably selected as appropriate according to the material of the contact member.

  In addition, generally, in the multi-section shield construction method, as described above, a central coupling member is provided between the single-section shield machines, and each shield machine is integrated by this central coupling member to form a coupling body. . In addition, a cutter for excavating natural ground in the outer peripheral direction protrudes from the tip of the central connecting member, and the cutter contacts the packing provided on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance, and the packing is damaged. I had to do it. Therefore, in order to avoid contact between the cutter and the packing, the cutter and the packing are provided with a slight gap. However, it is desirable that the water stop member is in close contact with the packing, and is longer in the outer circumferential direction than the central coupling body. By providing the water-stopping member in this manner, the packing of the entrance and the water-stopping member are in close contact with each other, and the waterstop is further improved.

  In addition, the multi-section shield method according to the present invention is a method in which a plurality of single-section shield machines are connected according to the cross-section of the lining to dig a connecting body from the start entrance toward the ground, and each shield Assembling the lining body in order by the tunnel lining segment at the tail portion of the excavator, and constructing the tunnel lining body, a process of assembling the lining body into the entrance, The lining body located in front of the digging direction among the lining bodies adjacent to the lining body located at the rear end of the linking body is propelled toward the ground, and the linking body is located behind the linking body. A step of forming a space with the lining body, a step of assembling a water stop member provided with a hole that forms an inner peripheral surface substantially the same shape as the lining body in the space, and a rear end portion of the coupling body Place the water stop member, this water stop And a step of digging only the connecting body after penetrating the water stop member into the entrance until the water stop member is detached from the entrance. A shield method may be used.

  Also according to the construction method, the water stop member is propelled in the natural ground direction until the water stop member is detached from the entrance, so that the opening of the entrance can be blocked and water leakage from the natural mountain into the entrance can be prevented. In addition, since the water blocking member is disposed between the lining bodies and has a hole portion having substantially the same shape as the inner circumferential cross section of the lining body, it is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the lining body and is one of the tunnel lining bodies. Parts.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the segment forming the covering body located at least rearward in the digging direction among the covering bodies facing each other through the space or the water stop member is provided with a jack inside and is extendable. The lining body located in front of the digging direction among the lining bodies adjacent to the lining body located at the rear end of the linking body is propelled toward the ground, and the linking body is located behind the linking body. The space formed in the process of forming a space with the lining body to be assembled then assembles a water stop member. When this assembled water stop member penetrates into the entrance, the space between the lining bodies again. Occurs. Therefore, it becomes possible to connect between the lining bodies in which the spaces are formed by allowing the segments to be stretched. The jack may be any jack that can extend the length of the lining body in the excavation direction. For example, a hydraulic jack in which a ram and a cylinder are combined can be exemplified.

  In addition, the present invention propels a connecting body in which a plurality of single-section shield machines are connected according to the lining section from the inside of the entrance entrance to the ground, and at the tail portion of each shield machine A water-stopping member used in a multi-section shield construction method in which a lining body is assembled in order by a tunnel lining segment, and a tunnel lining body is constructed, and an inner peripheral surface that is substantially the same shape as each lining body is formed. A plurality of hole portions are provided, and the outer shape is substantially the same shape as the connection body.

  By disposing the water stop member having the above-described configuration at an appropriate position in the entrance, water leakage from the natural ground into the entrance can be easily prevented. In addition, since the water stop member is provided with a hole having substantially the same shape as the inner peripheral surface of the cover body, the water stop member and the cover body are connected to each other so that the water stop member is It can also serve as a part and can be preferably used.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in a multi-section shield construction method in which a plurality of shield machines are connected and propelled and an independent tunnel lining body is assembled behind each shield machine, It is possible to prevent water leakage and easily improve the water stoppage.

Example 1
The first embodiment uses a connecting body 3 in which two circular shield machines 2 are connected in parallel by a central connecting member 9. Each shield machine 2 is composed of a front part 2a in the front of the excavation direction and a tail part 2b in the rear of the excavation direction, and a tunnel lining body that assembles the segments 4 with the tail part 2b and is independent for each shield machine 2. Build up.

In the water stop method of the first embodiment, the packings 21 and 22 are attached in advance to the front side and the rear side of the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1, and the outer cross section is substantially the same shape as the connecting body 3 and is substantially the same shape as the ring. A water stop member 32 having a hole having an inner peripheral cross section is attached to the rear end of each shield machine 2. Then, a propulsion pipe 33 having an inner peripheral surface substantially the same shape as the ring 5 is inserted into the rear end portion of the water stop member 32, and the ring 5 and the water stop member 32 are propelled into the natural ground together with the propulsion pipe 33. Let The propelling pipe 33 is inserted until the water stop member 32 closes the entrance 1 opening. Then, the water stop member 32 and the packings 21 and 22 on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1 are used to block the entrance 1 opening and prevent water leakage from the natural ground into the entrance.

  Next, the water stop method will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, the coupling body 3 and the water stop member 32 are disposed at the wellhead G2. FIG. 1 is a front view of the water stop member 32. The water stop member 32 has an outer shape that is substantially the same shape as the connector 3, and is formed with a hole 32 a having an inner peripheral surface that is substantially the same shape as the ring 5. The water stop member 32 is disposed at the rear end portion of the connecting body 3 in the excavation direction. Next, a propelling pipe 33 having an inner peripheral surface substantially the same shape as the ring 5 is inserted into the rear end portion of the water-stopping member 32, and both the water-stopping member 32 and the connecting body 3 are propelled toward the natural ground ( (See FIG. 2).

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an engaging portion between the shield machine 2 and the entrance 1. As shown in the figure, the packings 21 and 22 are elastically deformed as each shield machine 2 is dug, and are brought into pressure-contact with the outer surfaces of the skin plate 8 and the central connecting member 9 to provide a water stop function. The mutual interval between the packings 21 and 22 is longer than the mutual interval between the two central connecting members 9, and even if either one is in the discontinuous portion 12, the other is connected to one central connecting member 9. It is set so that it can be pressed. That is, even if each shield machine 2 is connected by the central connecting member 9 in each of the front part 2a and the tail part 2b, and there is a discontinuous part 12 between them, either one of the packings 21 and 22 is connected to the front part 2a or Since it is pressed against the skin plate 8 of the tail portion 2b, water leakage from the discontinuous portion 12 does not occur. Thus, the water leakage prevention function can be improved by making the packings 21 and 22 into a two-stage configuration.

  A water stop member 32 is connected to the rear end portion of the connecting body 9 in a row. The water stop member 32 has the same outer shape as the connection body connecting the shield machine 2 and the central connection body 9. Moreover, it has the inner peripheral surface of the same shape as the ring 5 assembled by the shield machine 2, and this inner peripheral surface also serves as a segment that forms a part of the ring together with the ring. Further, the propulsion pipe 33 connected to the rear end portion of the water stop member 32 also has a hollow portion of the inner peripheral surface of the ring 5 and the inner peripheral surface of the same shape as the inner peripheral surface of the hole portion of the water stop member. ing. That is, the ring 5, the water stop member 32, and the propelling pipe 33 have the same inner peripheral surface, and the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel ring is constructed by connecting them.

  In the first embodiment, the outer shape of the water stop member 32 is the same as that of the connecting body 3. However, for example, in the case of the central connecting member 9 shown in FIG. It is desirable to have a different external shape. As clearly shown in the drawing, a cutter bit 9 a is projected from the end surface of the central connecting member 9 facing the packings 21 and 22 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1. Therefore, when the packings 21 and 22 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1 and the cutter bit 9a are brought into close contact with each other, the packings 21 and 22 may be damaged by the cutter bit 9a. From such a viewpoint, a slight gap is provided between the central connecting member 9 and the packings 21 and 22. On the other hand, the cutter bit 9a does not protrude from the end face of the water stop member 32, and it is desirable that the water stop member 32 and the packings 21 and 22 are in close contact from the viewpoint of preventing water leakage. Therefore, it is desirable to make the length of the water stop member 32 in the Y direction longer than the central connecting member 9 as necessary.

  When the propulsion of the propulsion pipe 33 proceeds, the connecting body 3 comes into contact with the packings 21 and 22 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1 and passes through the entrance 1 and penetrates into the ground mountain G while maintaining water-stopping properties. . And as shown in FIG. 5, the said water stop member 32 is arrange | positioned in the position which blocks the opening part of the entrance 1. As shown in FIG.

  When the water stop member 32 penetrates to a predetermined position, the insertion of the propulsion pipe 33 is stopped, and only the connecting body 3 is dug from there. The connecting body 3 excavates a natural ground with a cutter 7 attached to the tip of the shield machine 2, and forms a ring 5 with the tail portion 2b to construct a tunnel covering body (see FIG. 6).

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the water stop member 32 can be easily disposed in the entrance 1 opening, and the entrance 1 opening is reliably closed by the water stop member 32 and the packings 21 and 22. be able to. Accordingly, water leakage from the natural ground into the entrance 1 can be prevented. Further, after the water stop member 32 is arranged in the opening of the entrance 1, the contact portion between the water stop member 32 and the ring 5, the contact portion between the water stop member 32 and the propelling pipe 33, the water stop member 32 and the entrance. By filling the gap between the inner peripheral surface with a filler such as concrete, the water stoppage can be further improved.

(Example 2)
In the water stop method of the second embodiment, the packing 21 is attached to the front side and the rear side of the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1 in advance, and the connecting body 3 is assembled while assembling the ring 5 at the rear end of each shield machine 2. Promote in natural ground G. Then, after the connecting body 3 is dug into the entrance 1, the ring 5 located inside the connecting body 3 is propelled toward the natural ground, and between the ring 5 and the ring 5 located behind the ring 5. A gap is formed in The water stop member 32 is assembled in this gap, and the water stop member 32 is pushed to the entrance until the water stop member 32 closes the gap in the opening of the entrance 1. In other words, the entrance opening is closed by the water stop member 32 and the packing 21 on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1 to prevent water leakage from the natural ground G into the entrance 1.

  Next, a water stop method according to Example 2 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. While the segments 4 are assembled in order by the tail portion 2b of the shield machine 2 of the connection body 3 and a ring is constructed, the connection body 3 is advanced toward the entrance 1 (see FIG. 7). And advancing is advanced and the ring 5 is formed in the entrance 1 (refer FIG. 8). Next, the ring 5 located in the entrance 1 in the excavation direction is moved toward the natural ground, and a gap is formed between the connection body 3 and the ring 5 located behind the connection body 3 (see FIG. 9). ). At this time, the ring 5 may be moved by providing a jack between the rings 5 that provide the gap, or may be moved by incorporating the jack in the segment that forms the ring 5 in advance. In Example 2, the ring 10 was moved with the jack 10 built in the cross section of the segment (see FIG. 10). Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the ring 5 is moved using the jack 10. However, when it is difficult to move the ring 5, a part of the ring 5 may be disassembled to form a gap between the rings 5.

  Next, the water stop member 32 having a hole portion of the inner peripheral surface substantially the same shape as the inner peripheral surface of the ring 5 is assembled in the gap obtained by moving the ring 5 (see FIG. 11). This water stop member 32 is the same as the water stop member shown in FIG. 1, and has two holes 32 a continuous with the respective rings 5. After the water stop member 32 is assembled, the water stop member 32 is pressed toward the entrance 1 to penetrate the water stop member 32 into the entrance 1 (see FIG. 12).

  On the other hand, since the water stop member 32 is pressed into the entrance 1, a gap is formed again between the rings 5 arranged in front of the entrance. Therefore, the ring 10 is extended using the jack 10 built in the ring 5 again, and the adjacent rings 5 are connected. Thus, after arranging the water stop member 32 at a predetermined position, only the connecting body 3 is dug to construct a tunnel lining body.

  That is, according to the second embodiment, the water stop member 32 penetrates into the entrance 1, is brought into close contact with the packing 21 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the entrance 1, and the entrance 1 is formed by the water stop member 32 and the packing 21. The opening can be blocked and water leakage from the natural mountain can be easily prevented. The water stop member 32 prevents the water from leaking from the natural ground into the entrance 1 by the outer periphery of the water stop member 32 being in pressure contact with the packing 21, and the inner peripheral surface of the hole 32 a is connected to the ring 5 to A part can be formed and can be suitably used.

It is a front view of the water stop member concerning an embodiment. 1 is an explanatory schematic diagram of a double-section shield construction method according to Example 1. FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the engaging part of the said shield machine 2 and the entrance 1 which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is the elements on larger scale which show one Example of a center connection member. 1 is an explanatory schematic diagram of a double-section shield construction method according to Example 1. FIG. 1 is an explanatory schematic diagram of a double-section shield construction method according to Example 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing schematic of the double cross-section shield method concerning Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing schematic of the double cross-section shield method concerning Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing schematic of the double cross-section shield method concerning Example 2. FIG. It is the elements on larger scale which show one Example of the jack with a built-in segment. It is explanatory drawing schematic of the double cross-section shield method concerning Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing schematic of the double cross-section shield method concerning Example 2. FIG. It is a side view which shows a general entrance structure. It is a perspective view of the coupling body which arranged two single section shield machines in parallel. It is a side view which shows one Example of the conventional shield method. It is a rear view which shows one Example of the conventional shield method.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Entrance 2 Shield machine 2a Front part 2b Tail part 3 Connection body 4 Segment 5 Ring 7 Cutter 8 Skin plate 9 Center connection member 9a Cutter bit 10 Jack 11 Crevice 12 Discontinuous part 21, 22 Packing 32 Water stop member 33 Propulsion pipe G ground mountain G0 retaining wall G1 vertical shaft G2 wellhead

Claims (1)

Multiple single-section shield machines are connected according to the cross-section of the lining, and the connected body is excavated from inside the entrance entrance to the ground, and at the tail of each shield machine, the tunnel lining segment is used. It is a multi-section shield construction method that assembles the lining body in order and constructs the tunnel lining body,
Assembling the lining body into the entrance;
The lining body located in front of the digging direction among the lining bodies adjacent to the lining body located at the rear end of the linking body is propelled toward the ground, and the linking body is located behind the linking body. Forming a space between the lining body and
Assembling a water stop member provided with a hole that forms an inner peripheral surface substantially the same shape as the lining body in the space;
A step of disposing a water stop member at a rear end portion of the connecting body, and penetrating the water stop member into the entrance;
And, after penetrating the water stop member into the entrance until the water stop member is separated from the entrance, only digging the connected body ,
A segment forming a covering body positioned at least rearward in the digging direction among the covering bodies facing each other through the space or the water stop member is provided with a jack inside and can be extended freely. Shield construction method.

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