JP2711242B2 - Emergency drinking water supply system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a drinking water supply system in an emergency such as an earthquake, storm and flood damage, a large fire, and a drought.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There are a slow filtration system and a rapid filtration system for filtering water from a river or the like into drinking water. The slow filtration method purifies water only with sand and stones without using drugs, and this principle is similar to groundwater that cleans water with soil, and is the most natural filtration method, It has long been adopted as a very effective method for cleaning surface water. However, this slow filtration method requires filtration at a slow speed of 3 to 6 m per day, so that if a large number of people are supplied with water, a large area of land is required for filtration. Becomes

[0003] The rapid filtration method is a method of purifying water mainly relying on the power of a medicine, and a chemical called a flocculant such as a sulfate band or polyaluminum chloride is added to water carried to a purification plant, A lump of garbage called floc is formed, and the floc is settled in a sedimentation basin. The clear water of the supernatant is removed using a sand layer in the same manner as in the slow filtration method, and is used for 120 to 15 days a day.
Filter at a high speed of 0 m. However, at such a high speed, microorganisms attached to the sand cannot decompose ammonia. Therefore, in pre-chlorination, chlorine is injected to oxidize and remove ammonia and the like. on the other hand,
Microscopic organisms such as plankton and algae contained in raw water are killed by prechlorination, but cannot be completely removed by filtration through a layer of sand. That is, about 90% of such organisms can be removed in a chemical sedimentation basin and about 5% in a filtration basin. A total of about 95% can be removed, but the remaining about 5% is contained in tap water. In addition, there still remains a problem that the mold odor produced by the algae that could be removed by the slow filtration method cannot be removed. Therefore, the amount of chlorine used to remove the mold odor increases, and instead, the chlorine odor increases.

Although it is recognized that both the slow filtration method and the rapid filtration method described above are effective for water purification, the slow filtration method requires a large amount of land and requires a long time for filtration. Therefore, there is a problem with the supply of urgent water in the event of a disaster, and the rapid filtration method also requires a chemical sedimentation basin and a filtration pond, and cannot respond to the supply of urgent water. Issues. There is also a means of desalination of seawater.However, in the event of a major earthquake, it is unlikely that people will evacuate to the shoreline where there is a danger of tsunami, and they will evacuate to safe inland areas. Useless.

[0005]

2. Description of the Related Art As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a water purifier suitable for emergency use as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 53-44954 has been proposed. This water purifier is configured to inject a germicide into raw water such as a river, lake water, a water storage tank, or a pool, and then sequentially pass the ultrafilter, the reverse osmosis membrane, and the adsorbent filter by pump operation. In such a water purifier system,
It is merely an application of a household simple water purifier, and such a simple water purifier cannot supply drinking water to many people in an emergency. In addition, this water purifier system has no control equipment for producing large quantities of water, and has limited capacity.
There is no antibacterial means, and the conservation and supply of drinking water is inappropriate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a water supply system using a reverse osmosis membrane method in which potable water obtained by rapidly purifying nearby raw water can be transported and supplied in an emergency such as a great earthquake.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The above object is for rivers,
Lakes, ponds, pools, reservoirs means such as a tank for the pumped water intake raw water such as disaster prevention water tank, filtration unit, a reverse osmosis membrane purification means for purifying the filtered treated water in this filtration means for filtering process the raw water, the A device consisting of a means for supplying purified water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane purification means, etc., is mounted on a truck,
To purify raw water collected at the disaster site
The filtering means is constituted by a hydrophilic filter and an activated carbon filter, and the filtering means has a set pressure difference between pressure gauges provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the filtering means.
Ru provided with means for detecting clogging of the filter means by P
In addition, in the emergency drinking water supply system , the reverse osmosis membrane purifying means is provided with a means for detecting clogging of the reverse osmosis membrane based on a set pressure difference ΔP of a pressure gauge provided upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane purification means.
Thus, the reverse osmosis membrane purifying means
While adjusting the flow rate of the purified treated water with the adjustment valve
Sterilization means provided via pipeline 15 with check valve
And connected to a treated water tank with a treated water hose.
A pie connecting the reverse osmosis membrane purification means and a treated water tank;
A three-way valve 30 is provided in the middle of the
Water pipeline 3 connected via one-way valve 30
Connect 1 to other water trucks, elevated water tanks, and large capacity pool tanks.
The three-way valve 30 is switched to allow reverse immersion.
The treated water purified by the permeable membrane purifying means is treated with the treated water tank.
And the reverse osmosis.
The concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis membrane purification means is added to the membrane purification means.
Through the pipeline 23 having a concentrated water flow meter.
Water is discharged from the overflow pipe of the water storage means.
And the upstream side of the reverse osmosis membrane purifying means and the
The pipeline 23 and the pipeline 24 for checking the flowing water
And cleaning pipeline 26, and a reverse osmosis membrane
The downstream side of the stage and the pipeline 23 have a valve
Connected by pipeline 28, when raw water treatment is over
Open the vibe and drain the treated water from the overflow pipe
Achieved by being able to discharge.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of the emergency drinking water supply system of the present invention. 1, river, lake, pond, pool, tank pumping water intake and reservoir in the pipeline 4 with a pump 3 which is driven by raw water 2 electric motive (not shown) such as a disaster prevention water tank, the tank 1 is filtered through a filtration unit 6 consisting of a highly hydrophilic filter 6a and activated carbon filter 6a of the transmission efficiency at the pump 5 driven by the pumping reservoir has been raw water electric motive (not shown) within. Upstream and respectively the pressure gauge P ₁ on the downstream side of the pipeline of the filtering means _6, P ₂ is is provided with, the two pressure gauges P _1, set pressure differential P ₂ △ P
Thus, clogging of the filters 6a and 6b is detected. In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a three-way valve provided in the pipeline 4 for adjusting the direction of pumping water. Reference numeral 8 denotes a flow control valve, 9 denotes a drain pipe, and 10 denotes an overflow pipe.

[0009] The downstream side of the filter unit 6, electric motivations reverse osmosis unit 12 for purifying the filtered water in the high pressure pump 11 driven by a (not shown) is connected, in the reverse osmosis unit 12 The purified treated water is supplied to the regulating valve 13 and the check valve 1
The water is fed to and stored in a treated water tank 16 through a pipeline 15 having a pipe 4. The treated water tank 16 is provided with a sterilizing means 17 such as an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp. In the figure, reference numeral 18 denotes a treated water hose. Further, pressure gauges P ₃ and P ₄ are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the reverse osmosis membrane device 12, and clogging of the reverse osmosis membrane is caused by a set pressure difference ΔP between the two pressure gauges P ₃ and P _4. Is detected. In the figure, reference numeral 19 denotes an adjustment valve, which controls the flow rate of the supply water to the reverse osmosis membrane device 12 by the high-pressure pump 11, and the adjustment valve 13 controls the flow rate of the treated water. 20 is a feed water flow meter. Concentrate of the reverse osmosis membrane device 12, the adjustment valve 21, is so as to be discharged to the outside through the overflow pipe 10 of the tank 1 via the pipeline 23 having the concentrated water flow meter 22 and pressure gauge P ₅ . 24 is the reverse osmosis membrane device 1
The valve 25 of the pipeline 24 is opened with the pipeline for checking the flowing water to the overflow pipe 10.
It is possible to confirm the existence of running water by discharging water from 26 is a pipeline having a valve 27 for cleaning the pipeline 23, and 28 is
This is a pipeline for opening and closing the valve 29 to discharge and maintain treated water when the treatment capacity is exceeded. Further, a pipeline 1 connecting the reverse osmosis membrane device 12 and the treated water tank 16
5 is provided with a three-way valve 30 in the middle thereof.
The pumping water can be pumped and discharged by about 20 m by the force of the head pressure of the treated water pipeline 31 connected through the line 0, and the treated water can be supplied to the other water supply truck 32, the elevated water tank 33, and the large capacity pool tank 34. Things. In the above configuration, the generator and the high-pressure pump 11 are controlled to be inactive when the supply water is short, at a high voltage, and idle, and when the treated water is over, the generator and the pumps 3, 5, and the high-pressure pump 11 are controlled. It goes without saying that a control panel (not shown) for controlling the suspension is provided. In the present invention, all of the above components are incorporated in and mounted on the transport vehicle 35, and the raw water is purified at the water source location, and the purified water can be immediately conveyed to the water supply area.

[0010]

According to the configuration of the present invention as described above,
The following effects can be obtained. (A) When disasters such as earthquakes, storms and floods, large fires, and droughts occur, or when drinking water cannot be secured such as at dam construction sites in mountainous areas, nearby rivers, lakes, ponds, pools,
Rushed to the disaster prevention water tank, raw water purification treatment to the reservoir of drinking water, which can be operated and supplied to the affected areas and droughts site, also, easy to to secure drinking water, also reverse osmosis By using the membrane device, not only can the entire device be made compact, but also the purification of large volumes of raw water can be performed efficiently and stably in a shorter time than in the conventional technology.
(B) The treated water purified by the reverse osmosis membrane purifying means is, of course, able to further enhance the securing of drinking water.
Sterilized in a water tank
The processing can be performed by switching the three-way valve 30.
Other water tanks, elevated water tanks, large
Supply or store in a capacity pool tank, etc., in case of disaster
Can be prepared for emergency. (C) The concentrated water generated by the reverse osmosis membrane purification means is a raw water storage means
Can be discharged from the overflow pipe
In addition, this concentrated water discharge pipeline 23 is a washing pipe.
It is always washed by running water from the pipeline 26,
Line clogging can be prevented. In addition, pipeline 2
To make the water flow from the overflow pipe using
This makes it easier to check for the presence of treated water and prevents malfunctions.
You.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of the emergency drinking water supply system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tank 2 Raw water 3 Pump 4 Pipeline 5 Pump 6 Filtration means 10 Overflow pipe 11 High-pressure pump 12 Reverse osmosis membrane device 15 Pipeline 16 Treated water tank 17 Sterilization means 18 Treated water hose 23 Pipeline 24 Flowing water check pipeline 25 Valve 26 Washing pipeline 28 Pipeline 29 Valve 30 Three-way cock 31 Treated water pipeline 32 Water tank 33 Elevated water tank 34 Large capacity pool tank 35 Transporter P1 Pressure gauge P2 Pressure gauge P3 Pressure gauge P4 Pressure gauge P5 Pressure gauge

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage means such as a tank for pumping raw water such as a river, a lake, a pond, a pool, a disaster prevention water tank, a filtering means for filtering the raw water, and a purifying water filtered by the filtering means. Reverse osmosis membrane purification means, this reverse osmosis membrane purification hand
Equipped with a device consisting of a means for supplying purified water treated in stages to the transport vehicle, and purifying raw water collected at remote locations
To convey to the harmful area, while the filtering means is configured by a hydrophilic filter and an activated carbon filter,
This filtering means, Rutotomoni provided with means for detecting clogging of the filter unit by setting the pressure difference △ P of the upstream side and the pressure gauge provided on the downstream side of the filtration unit, the reverse osmosis membrane purification means,
An emergency beverage provided with a means for detecting clogging of the reverse osmosis membrane based on a set pressure difference ΔP of a pressure gauge provided upstream of the emergency gauge.
In the water supply system, (a) the reverse osmosis membrane purifying means
While adjusting the flow rate of the treated water purified in
A sterilization means via a pipeline 15 having a check valve.
And connected to a treated water tank with a treated water hose.
thing. (B) a pie connecting the reverse osmosis membrane purification means and a treated water tank
A three-way valve 30 is provided in the middle of the
Water pipeline 3 connected via one-way valve 30
Connect 1 to other water trucks, elevated water tanks, and large capacity pool tanks.
The three-way valve 30 is switched to allow reverse immersion.
The treated water purified by the permeable membrane purifying means is treated with the treated water tank.
That we can supply other than (C) the reverse osmosis membrane purifying means is
Of concentrated water generated in the pipeline 2
3 through the overflow pipe of the raw water storage means
The reverse osmosis membrane purifying means.
The upstream side of the stage and the pipeline 23 are
Connected by the pipeline 24 and the washing pipeline 26,
Further, the downstream side of the reverse osmosis membrane purification means and the pipeline 23
Are connected by a pipeline 28 having a valve, and
When processing is over, open the valve and fill the treated water
An emergency drinking water supply system, characterized in that it can be discharged from a flow pipe .