JP2708656B2 - Plant cultivation method and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a plant while controlling the temperature of a cultivation bed, and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the cultivation of plants while controlling the temperature, for example, the cultivation of plants in a room such as a greenhouse, has been carried out mainly by indoor temperature including ambient air temperature or ambient air. This was done while controlling the overall temperature.

However, such temperature control is not appropriate from the viewpoint of energy saving, and the temperature control of the soil itself, which greatly affects the growth of plants, is not enough from the viewpoint of accuracy or temperature distribution. It was desired to solve the above problem.

[0004]

In view of the above circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies with the idea of cooling or heating from the soil, and as a result, have found that the soil is placed on a cultivation floor independent of the ground. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by providing a specific temperature control means to the present invention, and the present invention has been completed.

[0005] That is, the present invention is a method for cultivating a plant, wherein the temperature is adjusted on a cultivation floor which is independent of the ground and in which soil is placed, wherein the temperature is adjusted by a temperature adjusting means in the soil. The adjusting means includes one outgoing pipe provided in contact with one outgoing pipe.
A plurality of units each having one return pipe as a unit, and a metal mesh provided over the entire surface immediately above the plurality of units, and the outward pipe and the return pipe are provided with a water pipe for heating or cooling. And arranging the units at regular intervals so that the entire surface has a substantially uniform temperature.

The method for cultivating plants according to the present invention is characterized in that the temperature of the cultivation bed is adjusted by providing a temperature adjusting means in the soil, and the temperature is adjusted, for example, in the entire room by such temperature adjustment. It is possible to obtain the effect that the required energy is reduced to about several times as compared with the case.
Hereinafter, the cultivation method of the present invention will be described.

First, in the cultivation method of the present invention, cultivation is performed by putting ordinary cultivation soil on a cultivation floor independent of the ground. On a cultivation floor provided directly on the normal ground, heat is exchanged even in the ground under the cultivation floor, so it is difficult to adjust the temperature with high precision, and the temperature tends to be uneven between the positions on the cultivation floor Therefore, the object to be temperature-controlled is made independent from the ground or the floor in order to make an appropriate amount.

The temperature adjusting means provided in the soil comprises a heating or cooling means and a heat transfer means. The heating means gives heat to the soil when the temperature of the soil is to be adjusted to a temperature higher than the temperature determined by the ambient temperature, while the cooling means reduces the temperature of the soil to a temperature lower than the temperature determined by the ambient temperature. It removes heat from the soil when trying to adjust it. Further, the heat transfer means efficiently transmits heat from the heating means, and also transmits heat to the cooling means, or performs heat radiation or heat collection, and plays a role of enhancing the accuracy of temperature control by promoting heat transfer. . This time, it was found that by providing the heat transfer means together with the heating or cooling means in the soil, it is possible to control the temperature of the cultivation bed satisfactorily.

[0009] The present invention also provides an apparatus used in the method for cultivating a plant as described above. That is, the cultivation floor is independent of the ground and is filled with soil, and a temperature control means is provided in the soil, and the temperature control means includes one outgoing pipe and one return pipe provided in contact with one unit. A plurality of units, and a metal mesh provided on the entire surface immediately above the plurality of units, and the outgoing pipe and the return pipe are formed of a water pipe for heating or cooling, and are substantially uniform over the entire surface. A plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that units are arranged at regular intervals so as to reach a temperature.

The cultivation apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a cultivation apparatus (1) of the present invention. In the cultivation apparatus of the present invention, for example, the soil (3) is put in a container (2) placed on a table, or a ground for isolation from the ground is provided. A temperature control means (4) is provided therein. The reason for making the cultivation floor independent from the ground is as described above.

The temperature control means (4) provided in the soil comprises a heating or cooling means and a heat transfer means. The heating or cooling means is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of cost and simplicity, it is preferable to provide a water pipe through which heating water higher than the soil temperature or cooling water lower than the soil temperature passes. On the other hand, the heat transfer means is not particularly limited, but a metal mesh body or the like is also preferable from the viewpoint of cost and the like.

The heating or cooling means may be provided alone or in combination, or one means may also serve as the heating or cooling means.

Although the arrangement of the heating or cooling means and the heat transfer means is not particularly limited, they are arranged so that the temperature at each location is as uniform as possible. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the water pipe is provided with one outgoing pipe and one return pipe in contact with each other, and this pair forms one unit. A plurality of such units are evenly arranged such as at equal intervals in the soil. The reason for such a unit is that the temperature of water flowing in the pipe changes as heat is exchanged, but considering the average of the temperature of the forward pipe and the temperature of the return pipe, each position in the pipe direction of the unit is considered. This is because the temperature at the step becomes almost uniform.
As understood from the drawings, from the viewpoint of temperature uniformity, the interval between the outward pipe and the return pipe in one unit is made smaller than the interval between the units. As a specific example, Example 1 described below shows an example in which water pipes of units are arranged in parallel in the same plane at equal intervals.

Next, the heat transfer means is preferably provided in a wide area in order to increase the heat transfer efficiency and improve the temperature control. Example 1 described below is an example in which a metal net is provided on the entire surface immediately above a water pipe. The metal mesh also serves to prevent cracks in the cement or the like when, for example, cement or the like is used as a covering means described later.

In a preferred embodiment, the heating or cooling means and the heat transfer means are covered with the covering means (5) or embedded in the covering means (see FIG. 3). And
The upper surface of the coating means is inclined. This slope takes into account the drainage required for plant cultivation. Although there is no particular limitation on how to make the slope, Example 1 described below is an example in which a slope is formed from the center toward both sides. Note that the covering means also serves to protect the temperature adjusting means.
That is, the soil floor may be plowed, and the agricultural tools protect the water pipe and the wire net from being damaged. Examples of the material of the covering means include cement, mortar, concrete and the like, and from the viewpoint of simplicity and the like, these cement, mortar and concrete are preferable.

The soil for cultivation is loaded on the covering means. The loading depth can be changed according to the type of plant to be cultivated, but usually, from the viewpoint of workability and the like, about 20 to
It is about 30 cm.

Thus, in the cultivation using the cultivation method or apparatus according to the present invention, the germination rate is generally high because the temperature control at the desired temperature is performed well.
A plant having a good growth rate or a low morbidity of a plant disease can be obtained. Further, according to the present invention, the timing of germination, flowering and the like can be adjusted. For example, examples of cultivation of plants to be targeted by the cultivation method and apparatus of the present invention include lily suppression cultivation, iris rapid cultivation, freesia cultivation at an appropriate temperature, and low-temperature cultivation of Stokesia.

[0018]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. Example 1 This is an example in which a water cultivation apparatus is prepared using a water pipe as a heating or cooling means in a temperature control means, a metal mesh body as a heat transfer means, and further provided with a covering means. Shown in Eight pairs of water pipes (8) are arranged in parallel with each other at equal intervals in the width direction of the cultivation bed on a flat base (7) in which mortar is poured into the concave portion of the corrugated slate provided on the block (6). Arranged. Immediately above the water pipes of these pairs, a metal mesh (9) was provided on the front surface. The water pipe and the reticulated body are covered with a covering means (5) made of mortar, and the height of the covering means from the foundation at the center is 5 cm, and the height of the end of the covering means from the foundation is 3 cm. Is a downward slope from the center to both sides. Providing a wooden enclosure (10) around the end of the covering means;
Cultivation soil (3) was placed on the covering means so as to have a depth of about 20 cm from the foundation. The lowermost part of the wooden enclosure and the periphery of the end of the covering means are fixed only in some places simply by making contact with each other. Is discharged. In addition, the width of the cultivation floor was about 80 cm, and the length was about 25 m.

Example 2 At a horticultural farmhouse in Nio town, Kagawa prefecture, the cultivation apparatus prepared in Example 1 was used in a house room to suppress cultivation of lilies.
Lily frozen bulbs were planted in early September, and the growth was continued while the temperature of the cultivation bed was kept at 18 ° C. by flowing mainly cooling water through the water pipe. Until the end of November when the temperature of the cultivation bed becomes almost the same as the ambient temperature, cooling water is mainly flowed, and after that when the ambient temperature is lower than 18 ° C, mainly heated water is flown and maintained at 18 ° C. From the end of the year until the end of the year. The lily grown by the cultivation apparatus of the present invention had a larger number of flower buds, a higher growth rate such as a longer plant height, and a better leafy attachment compared to a normal lily grown in a natural temperature change. .

[0020]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, there is provided a method of cultivating a plant which is excellent from the viewpoint of energy saving and which has good temperature control of soil for cultivation, and an apparatus therefor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a cultivation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a pair of water pipes used in the temperature control means.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the cultivation apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: plant cultivation device, 2: cultivation floor container, 3: cultivation soil, 4: temperature control means, 5: covering means, 6: block,
7: ground, 8: water pipe, 9: metal mesh, 10: wooden enclosure

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for cultivating a plant which is independent of the ground and temperature-controlled on a cultivation bed containing soil, wherein the temperature is controlled by a temperature control means in the soil, and the temperature control means comprises: A plurality of units each including one outgoing pipe and one return pipe provided in contact with each other, and a metal mesh provided on the entire surface immediately above the plurality of units, and A method for cultivating a plant, characterized in that the return pipe comprises a water pipe for heating or cooling, and the units are arranged at regular intervals so that the entire surface has a substantially uniform temperature. 2. The plurality of units and the metal net are covered with a covering means having a slope formed on the upper surface from the center toward both sides, and the material of the covering means is cement, mortar or concrete. Claim 1 characterized by the following:
The cultivation method described. 3. A cultivation bed which is independent of the ground and has soil therein, wherein a temperature control means is provided in the soil, and the temperature control means comprises one outgoing pipe and one return pipe provided in contact with each other. A plurality of units as one unit, and a metal mesh provided on the entire surface immediately above the plurality of units, the outgoing pipe and the return pipe each comprising a water pipe for heating or cooling,
An apparatus for cultivating plants, wherein units are arranged at regular intervals so that the entire surface has a substantially uniform temperature. 4. The plurality of units and the metal net are covered with covering means having a slope formed on the upper surface from the center toward both sides, and the material of the covering means is cement, mortar or concrete. Claim 3 characterized by the following:
The cultivation apparatus according to the above.