JP2708164B2 - Bulk material fluidization system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a system for fluidizing bulk material in a space such as a ship's hold or a storage and transport container,
The system has a sloped sliding surface for bulk feedstock at the bottom of the space, the sliding surface being a panel having a groove or opening each connected to a source of pressure gas, and a gas permeable layer covering the panel. Wherein the bulk material is fluidized to empty the space and is moved by gravity to a lower discharge point. The system according to the invention can be used for many different types of space for storing and transporting bulk raw materials, but mainly for transporting powdery or powdery bulk raw materials, for example cement, bentonite, virite, starch etc. It is intended to be used in the hold of ships that do Therefore, in the following, the use in the hold will be described. Ships built exclusively for the purpose of transporting liquid bulk materials from the beginning (bulk material carriers) often have bulk bottoms that have a V-shaped slope with the bottom of the hold inclined from the bow and stern toward the center line of the ship. It has a sliding surface for use. As a result, such bulk material carriers are only used to carry liquid bulk material, and for example, in order to be able to carry general cargo, retrofitting at the bottom of the hold is expensive. Must be added. However, such modifications reduce the carrying capacity. Regular cargo ships with flat bottoms are also often chartered for several years to carry liquid bulk materials.
In this case, the shipyard must previously install a sloping hold for the bulk material carrier. This remodeling requires extensive reinforcement of the hull, mainly because the newly installed hold bottom is quite large.
This modification is therefore a very time-consuming and complicated task. If such a modified cargo ship would be re-used, for example, as a regular general cargo ship, it would be "a bottom for fluidization"
Must either remove it or supplement the flat "general cargo bottom". In any case, this operation also requires a lot of time and money. The main object of the present invention is to be able to convert a cargo ship with a flat "bottom for general cargo" into a cargo ship with a sloping "fluidization bottom" quickly and easily, and thus at a considerable cost. Or vice versa) to provide a system. This object is achieved by a number of lightweight blocks mounted at the bottom of the space (hold) for quick and easy removal therefrom, each block forming a sliding surface, a top surface, a long side, a short side and a bottom surface. have. Preferably the long side and the short side are formed by a thin cover plate, the panel and the cover plate forming a cavity filled with a mass of lightweight material such as polyurethane foam plastic. This cavity is turned upside down into a mold suitable for the production of foamed plastic bodies. One of the advantages of the system according to the invention is that the system is highly flexible, ie adaptable to the shape and size of the ship's hold. As described above, the blocks included in the system can be quickly and easily attached and removed. The only work required at the bottom of the hold is to attach a few mounting lugs or the like for the securing rods that hold the blocks. Since each block accommodates a foamed plastic body, the weight of the structure is very light, about 50 kg / m ³ . In one embodiment of the present invention, since the bottom surface of the foamed plastic body forms the bottom surface of the block and directly contacts the bottom of the space,
Regardless of the actual bottom structure, the shape of the space is accurately traced, and the static load is distributed and equalized over the entire bottom of the space. Last but not least, the present invention requires less cost and time in shipyards because of the shorter manufacturing and installation time compared to conventional systems. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing an embodiment particularly suitable for a cargo ship. FIG. 1A is FIG. 1B
1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a basic principle of the present system attached to a ship's hold shown in FIG. FIG. 1C shows I in FIG. 1B.
It is sectional drawing which follows the -I line. FIG. 2 is a projection view showing a more detailed structure of the present system corresponding to FIG. 1A. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a block included in the present system. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a lateral projection along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. FIG. 6 shows VI-VI of FIG.
It is sectional drawing which follows a line. The main components of the present system, indicated by "1" in the drawing for fluidizing and emptying bulk materials such as cement, bentonite, vilite, and starch in the hold 3 of the ship 2, A number of blocks 5 which are removably extended in the transverse and longitudinal directions and are mounted closely adjacent to one another. Each block 5 has an inclined sliding surface 7 on its upper surface 6 which is connected, for example, via a supply line 9 to a source of pressurized gas, preferably a compressed air source (not shown). It is in the form of a trapezoidal corrugated thin sheet metal panel 8 with a groove 10 formed therein. In the embodiment shown, the groove 10 is formed by a depression in the trapezoidal corrugated sheet 8. A gas permeable layer 11 in the form of a fine mesh net and / or cloth covers the relevant panel 8. When the compressed air or other gas is supplied, the air or gas fluidizes the bulk material and moves it by gravity to the lower discharge point 12, thereby holding the respective hold 3
Is blown out of the gas permeable layer 11 through the supply pipe 9 and the groove 10 of the panel 8 in order to empty it. In addition to the upper surface 6 forming the sliding surface 7, each block 5
Has two long sides 13, two short sides 14, and one bottom
Have 15 The long side 13 and the short side 14 are formed by a thin sheet metal cover plate 16, and together with the panel 8, form a box-shaped structure having a cavity 17. The cavity 17 is filled with a foamed plastic body 18, which gives the block 5 durability and stability, but does not make the block 5 heavy. The foamed plastic body 18 can be made somewhat porous on demand and is preferably made of polyurethane. To make the foamed plastic body 18, the cavity 17 is preferably used as a mold. More specifically, Block 5
Is turned over, the panel 8 and the cover plate 16 constitute a mold surface. The bottom surface 15 of the block 5 is formed by the bottom 19 of the foamed plastic body 18. This bottom
19 projects a few centimeters from the lower end of the cover plate 16 and directly contacts the bottom 4 of each hold 3, thereby tracing the bottom shape exactly, so that any irregularities in the bottom 4 are equalized or absorbed and the bottom 4 Are distributed. As an alternative to the foamed plastic body 18, chunks of other lightweight materials, such as, for example, lightweight cement or cement-bonded fired expansion, may be used. The blocks 5 can be quickly and easily removed from the bottom 4 of the respective hold 3 by means of fixing bars 20 extending through a narrow gap 21 between two adjacent blocks 5. The fixing rod 20 is firmly fixed at its lower end to a lug 22 or the like attached to the bottom 4 and its upper end is threaded. In order to fix the block 5 in a predetermined position, the shim 23
Are clamped to the block 5 by means of nuts 24 on the upper end and nuts 25 on threaded pins provided on the respective blocks 5. As described above, the present invention has been described with particular reference to use in a ship's hold, but as described above, the present invention can also be widely used for storing and transporting bulk raw materials in various types of containers. .

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A system for fluidizing bulk material in a space such as a hold (3) or a storage and transport container of a ship (2), the system comprising a slope for bulk material at a bottom (4) of said space (3). Groove (10) having a sliding surface (7), each of which is connected to a source of pressurized gas.
Or a panel (8) with an opening and the panel (8)
A gas permeable layer (11) covering the space, and the space (3)
Wherein the bulk material is fluidized to empty it and is moved by gravity to a lower discharge point, the upper surface (6) forming the slip surface (7), the long side surface and the short side surface. And a plurality of lightweight blocks (5) having a bottom surface (13, 14, 15), each having a bottom (4) of the space (3) and a top surface (6) facing the discharge point. The light-weight block (5) is inclined and arranged so that the long side surface (13) and the short side surface (14) can be attached and detached adjacent to each other so as to face those of the adjacent other lightweight blocks (5). A bulk material fluidization system characterized by the following.