WO2022249143A1

WO2022249143A1 - Bottom element for forming a fluidization bottom

Info

Publication number: WO2022249143A1
Application number: PCT/IB2022/055013
Authority: WO
Inventors: Erik Adolf Paul PAUWELS
Original assignee: Gitra Bv
Priority date: 2021-05-27
Filing date: 2022-05-27
Publication date: 2022-12-01

Abstract

A bottom element configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel, wherein the bottom element is provided to form part of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom of the bulk vessel, wherein an upper surface of the bottom element consists of one or more sliding surfaces, wherein each sliding surface has a predetermined minimal angle with a horizontal plane and comprises fluidization elements for fluidizing powder on the sliding surface in order to have the powder slide off the sliding surface.

Description

Bottom element for forming a fluidization bottom

The present invention relates to a fluidization bottom in a hold of a bulk vessel. The invention further relates to a fluidization bottom which can be assembled.

A bulk vessel, also referred to as bulk carrier, bulk ship or bulk cargo ship, is a ship configured specifically for transporting dry bulk goods. The invention was developed in the context of so-called Capesize ships. The name Capesize ships came about because these were originally cargo ships that were too large to use the Panama Canal or the Suez Canal. They are therefore considerably larger than for instance inland cargo vessels and Panamax or Suezmax vessels. Capesize ships typically have a cargo capacity greater than 150,000 tons.

A bulk good or bulk cargo is unpackaged cargo such as ores, grains, coal or powdered products. Applicant is focused mainly on transport of powders, such as cement, fly ashes, limestone flour, quartz flour, ground granulated slag, slaked lime and unslaked lime, and so on.

The powder is conveyed pneumatically or gravitationally into a cargo hold of the bulk vessel and is covered by the bulk vessel by a hatch for keeping the bulk good dry during transport. The loading of powders results in dust formation, which must be separated from the outside air by means of dust filters. Keeping the powder dry is important because powder may clump or may even be a hydraulic binding agent. This means that powder could harden due to contact with water.

For transport and transfer of powders use is made of bulk vessels, also referred to as cement carriers, equipped specifically for this purpose. Drawbacks are that such a cement carrier is expensive due to its complex construction, whereby they are usually relatively smaller vessels in terms of their cargo capacity. The largest cement carrier in the world has for example a cargo capacity of only 35,000 tons. The powder is moreover unloaded at an unloading location and typically also often processed directly there. In most cases no new or different powders requiring return transport to a further location are made at the unloading location. In practice a cement carrier will therefore travel back empty and then be filled once again at a filling location. This is not very efficient, since the ship is only filled for part of the distance travelled. The cement carriers therefore have limited use and are not commercially attractive due to the inefficient degree of utilization.

It is an object of the invention to improve the utility and degree of utilization of bulk vessels for transporting and transferring powders.

The invention provides for this purpose a bottom element configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel. The bottom element is provided to form part of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom of the bulk vessel. An upper surface of the bottom element consists of one or more sliding surfaces, each having a predetermined minimal angle with a horizontal plane. The bottom element further comprises fluidization elements for fluidizing powder on the sliding surface in order to have the powder slide off the one or more sliding surfaces.

Because the bottom element comprises fluidization elements for fluidizing powder on the sliding surface, the bottom element makes it possible to form a fluidization bottom which is suitable for loading and unloading of powders. The loading of powders is self-evident and is performed by pouring the powder into the hold, which can take place pneumatically or gravitationally. For unloading of powders the powder is typically fluidized. By fluidizing the powder, and because of the predetermined minimal angle of the one or more sliding surfaces, the powder slides off the one or more sliding surfaces and the powder accumulates at one or more lowest locations of the fluidization bottom. The accumulation of the powder in one or more locations allows the powder to be sucked up from the hold in simple manner at the position of these one or more locations. By providing a bottom element which is configured for placing in and removing from a hold of the bulk vessel through a hatch of the bulk vessel, and which is moreover provided to form part of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom of the bulk vessel, the fluidization bottom can be arranged and constructed in the hold of the bulk vessel for transporting the powder. In this way the bulk vessel is thus specifically configured to transport, load and unload powders. After unloading of the powder, the fluidization bottom can furthermore also be dismantled and removed from the hold. In this way the hold of the bulk vessel can be used for other bulk goods or even packaged goods. The bottom element thus allows not only construction of a fluidization bottom in a bulk vessel for the purpose of transporting powder, but also allows removal of the fluidization bottom after transportation of the powder, such that the hold of the bulk vessel can be utilized for other bulk goods or even for packaged goods. The bulk vessel thus has an improved utility because it can be used for a plurality of different types of good. The improved utility also allows improvement of the degree of utilization of the vessel by removing the fluidization bottom after unloading of the powder and filling the hold with other goods. The degree of utilization of the bulk vessel is thus practically doubled in this way. In other words, the bulk vessel thus becomes more multifunctional without however changing the characteristics of a bulk vessel with traditional holds, so that the bulk vessel can transport traditional bulk cargo, and so also cargo other than powders, immediately after. This furthermore results in a considerable C02 reduction, since it is no longer necessary to travel back empty.

The bottom element preferably comprises at least three sliding surfaces which extend from a peripheral edge to a common point, such that the upper surface is prismatoidal. The bottom element is for instance pyramidal, wedge-shaped or formed as a congruent prism. On one hand, this allows different bottom elements to fit together in simple manner since the peripheral edge of the different bottom elements lies in the same plane. On the other hand, the prismatoidal upper surface allows powder to accumulate either at the position of the common point or between two or more bottom elements.

The bottom element further preferably comprises at least four sliding surfaces which extend from the peripheral edge to the common point, such that the upper surface is pyramidal. The peripheral edge is formed by the respective peripheral edge of the at least four sliding surfaces where they are not connected directly to each other, and bounds a square base of the pyramidal upper surface. The square base allows the bottom elements to be combined with each other in further simplified manner so as to form the fluidizing bottom surface in the hold more rapidly and in simpler manner. The square base for instance allows bottom elements to be placed mutually adjacently and to be aligned without any significant difficulties.

The peripheral edge is preferably an upper edge of the bottom element and the sliding surfaces preferably extend in a downward direction relative to the upper edge. In this way the bottom element comprises a container for the powder and a location where the powder will accumulate during the fluidizing. The bottom element itself thus essentially forms a fluidizing bottom surface.

The bottom element preferably further comprises a nozzle which is arranged at the position of the common point and extends substantially perpendicularly and in upward direction as seen relative to a horizontal plane, and which is configured to suck up the powder. This construction makes it possible to provide in extremely simple manner a bottom element wholly provided for loading, unloading and transporting powder. Such a construction makes it possible to limit further operations during construction or dismantling of the bottom element to a minimum.

The predetermined minimal angle is preferably a maximum of 12°.

The sliding surfaces preferably comprise a plurality of perforations and the fluidization elements preferably comprise one or more channels configured to have air flow through the plurality of perforations in order to fluidize the powder. In this way the sliding surfaces function as an air distributor which distributes the supplied air over the sliding surfaces and via the plurality of perforations. The plurality of perforations realize a better air distribution, whereby the powder is fluidized at multiple locations and thus slides off the sliding surfaces in improved manner.

The one or more channels further preferably each blow through a respective surface area of the sliding surfaces. The one or more channels are further preferably individually controllable. The sliding surfaces can for instance be subdivided into one or more surface areas which together form the whole upper surface of a respective sliding surface. A sliding surface can thus for instance be divided into three respective surface areas through which one or more channels blow air. An advantage hereof is based on the insight that due to the large quantities of powder situated on the sliding surfaces, a considerable air or gas pressure would be needed to fluidize all the powder at the position of the whole surface of the sliding surface. An expensive and complex air pressure installation is needed for this purpose. Less air is conversely needed owing to the selective blowing of air through a respective surface area. Such a construction is moreover more flexibly controllable.

A fluidization cloth which distributes the air flowing through the sliding surfaces is preferably arranged on the sliding surface. The fluidization cloth further improves the air distribution of the air blown through the perforations.

The bottom element preferably comprises a frame which is configured to support the sliding surfaces. The frame allows the bottom element to be constructed robustly.

The frame further preferably comprises a connecting interface which is configured to connect to a connecting interface of a further bottom element complementary thereto. In this way a plurality of bottom elements are connectable to each other in relatively simple manner, such that they form a robust whole.

According to a second aspect, the invention provides a fluidization bottom which can be assembled in a hold of a bulk vessel using an above described at least one bottom element.

The invention will now be further described on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

In the drawings: figure 1 A is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a bottom element configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel; figure IB is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a bottom element configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel; figure 2 is a perspective view of a group of bottom elements according to an exemplary embodiment; figure 3 is a perspective view of a group of bottom elements according to a further exemplary embodiment; figures 4A and 4B are schematic top views of a bottom element with fluidization elements according to different exemplary embodiments; figures 5A and 5B are schematic side views of a section shown in respectively figures 4A and 4B; figure 6 is a cross-sectional side view of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom of a bulk vessel; figure 7 is a side view of a cross-section of a fluidization bottom on which is arranged a loading floor element according to an embodiment; figure 8 is a side view of a cross-section of a fluidization bottom on which are arranged a plurality of loading floor elements according to an embodiment; figure 9 is a side view of a loading floor element comprising support structures according to a plurality of exemplary embodiments; figure 10 is a perspective schematic view of a loading floor element according to a preferred embodiment; figure 11 is a perspective schematic view of a loading floor element according to a further exemplary embodiment.

The following detailed description relates to determined specific embodiments. The teachings hereof can however be applied in different ways. In the drawings the same or similar elements are designated with the same reference numerals.

The present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments. The invention is however not limited thereto, but solely by the claims.

As used here, the singular forms “a” and “the” comprise both the singular and plural references, unless clearly indicated otherwise by the context.

The terms “comprising”, “comprises” and “composed of’ as used here are synonymous with “including”. The terms “comprising”, “comprises” and “composed of’ when referring to stated components, elements or method steps also comprise embodiments which “consist of’ the components, elements or method steps.

The terms first, second, third and so on are further used in the description and in the claims to distinguish between similar elements and not necessarily to describe a sequential or chronological order, unless this is specified. It will be apparent that the thus used terms are mutually interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described here can operate in an order other than described or illustrated here.

Reference in this specification to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “some aspects”, “an aspect” or “one aspect” means that a determined feature, structure or characteristic described with reference to the embodiment or aspect is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The manifestations of the sentences “in one embodiment”, “in an embodiment”, “some aspects”, “an aspect” or “one aspect” in different places in this specification thus do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or aspects. As will be apparent to a skilled person in this field, the specific features, structures or characteristics can further be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or aspects. Although some embodiments or aspects described here comprise some but no other features which are included in other embodiments or aspects, combinations of features of different embodiments or aspects are further intended to fall within the context of the invention and to form different embodiments or aspects, as would be apparent to the skilled person. In the appended claims all features of the claimed embodiments or aspects can for instance be used in any combination.

In the context of this application a prismatoid is defined as a polyhedron whose vertices all lie in a maximum of two parallel planes. Prisms, wedges and pyramids are examples of a prismatoid.

Figures 1 A and IB show a perspective view of a bottom element 100 according to a preferred embodiment. The bottom element 100 is configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel. Such bulk vessels, particularly bulk vessels suitable for transporting powders, comprise a hold which is closable in order to keep the powder dry. For transport and transfer of powders use is usually made of bulk vessels specifically equipped for this purpose, also referred to as cement carriers. Cement carriers are self-unloading bulk vessels and have a fixed live bin bottom and/or pressure tanks in their holds in order to transfer the powders. They usually have a dedusting installation for separating the dust formed during loading from the outside air. The hold is provided with one or more hatches, see figure 6. The hatches have limited dimensions compared to dimensions of the bulk vessel and are provided to prevent water from seeping in. The bottom element 100 is configured for placing and removing via a hatch of a bulk vessel into and from the hold of the bulk vessel.

Bottom element 100 is further provided to form part of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom of the bulk vessel. It will be apparent that this is understood to mean that the group of bottom elements forms in the hold of the bulk vessel a fluidization bottom on which the bulk material, particularly powder, rests during loading, unloading or transport thereof. In other words, a fluidization bottom is the underside of the hold in which the powder is stored. Exemplary embodiments of such a bottom are illustrated in figures 2, 3 and 6.

Each bottom element 100 comprises an upper surface consisting of one or more sliding surfaces 110. The upper surface bounds the underside of the hold of the bulk vessel or, in other words, forms a new, optionally temporary, bottom on top of the fixed existing bottom of the hold.

Each sliding surface 110 has a predetermined minimal angle, designated with reference numeral 120, with a horizontal plane. The minimal angle 120 is preferably a maximum of 12°.

Each sliding surface is thus oriented obliquely relative to the horizontal plane. For the sake of clarity it is noted that the horizontal plane is a fictional plane in order to define the minimal angle. Powder situated on the sliding surfaces 110 will therefore tend to slide towards the lowest point in gravitational manner.

Although not illustrated, a bottom element 100, the upper surface of which consists of only one sliding surface, is wedge-shaped. This means that the bottom element 100 forms a polyhedron defined by two triangular side surfaces and three trapezoidal side surfaces, wherein the upper surface consists of one of the three trapezoidal side surfaces.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment of figures 1A and IB the upper surface consists of a plurality of sliding surfaces 110. More specifically, figure 1 A illustrates a preferred embodiment in which the upper surface consists of three sliding surfaces 110. The predetermined minimal angle is designated only once, but it will be apparent that each of the three sliding surfaces 110 have the predetermined minimal angle 120 with the horizontal plane. It is further noted that the predetermined minimal angle 120 need not necessarily be the same for all sliding surfaces 110. As shown in figure 1 A, the angle 120 can thus differ for each of the respective sliding surfaces 110. The angle can for instance be respectively 6°, 10° and 12°. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment of figure IB the upper surface consists of four sliding surfaces 110. In contrast to figure 1 A, figure IB shows that each of the four sliding surfaces 110 has the same predetermined angle 120.

The bottom elements 100 illustrated in figures 1 A and IB further comprise fluidization elements 130. The fluidization elements 130 are configured to fluidize powder on the sliding surfaces 110. The fluidizing of powders is the displacing of the powder in pneumatic manner. Pneumatic conveying means that the propelling force with which the powder is conveyed is a gas flow or air flow. Fluidization is the behaviour of the powder, and particularly the particles of the powder, being similar to the behaviour of a fluid. In the context of the application fluidization is created by blowing a gas or liquid against or allowing a gas or liquid to flow against the powder from below. The powder then begins to float, bounce and move. By fluidizing the powder, and owing to the predetermined minimal angle 120 of the one or more sliding surfaces 110, the powder slides off the one or more sliding surfaces 110 and the powder accumulates on one or more lowest locations of the fluidization bottom. The accumulation of the powder in one or more locations allows the powder to be sucked up from the hold in simple manner at the position of the one or more locations. The bottom element 100 is thus suitable for forming a fluidization bottom which is suitable for loading and unloading of powders. A further advantage of the fluidization elements is based on the insight that powders harden during transport. This is because the hold of a bulk vessel is very high. Holds with a height greater than 15 metres are not unusual. The powders situated at the bottom of the hold undergo a considerable pressure from the powders situated thereabove. This has the adverse effect that the powders are compressed into a hardened mortar which is impossible or difficult to remove. All powders furthermore have a determined degree of humidity which, together with the pressure, accelerates the hardening thereof. The long transport routes travelled by such bulk vessels exacerbate these problems because, compared to short routes, this gives the powder more time to harden. By fluidizing the powders at least partially during transport the powders are on one hand partially conditioned. This means that the dry air extracts the humidity from the powders and the chances of a hardening reaction occurring are reduced thereby. The fluidization further results in a relative movement in the powder, which reduces the compression thereof.

It will be apparent on the basis of the above description that one bottom element 100 can form a fluidization bottom in a hold by arranging the bottom element 100 in the hold via the hatch of the hold. In practice the hold is however many times larger than the hatch, and a plurality of bottom elements 100 are thus typically needed to cover a whole bottom of the hold. Figures 2, 3 and 6 show embodiments wherein a plurality of bottom elements are arranged mutually adjacently in a group in order to form the fluidization bottom. More specifically, the fluidization bottom B in figures 2, 3 and 6 is formed by respectively four, twelve and three bottom elements 100. Forming the fluidization bottom by arranging a plurality of bottom elements 100 is discussed further with reference to figures 2, 3 and 6.

In figures 1A and IB the sliding surfaces 110 extend according to a preferred embodiment of the bottom element from a peripheral edge 140 thereof in a downward direction toward a common point P. The sliding surfaces 110 thus form a container or reservoir for the powder in bottom element 100. In this way the peripheral edge 140 bounds an upper side of the container via which powder can be poured into bottom element 100. Figure 1A illustrates that the three sliding surfaces are arranged such that they form a prismatoidal upper surface of bottom element 100. The prismatoidal upper surface is concave in the preferred embodiment.

Figure IB illustrates that the four sliding surfaces 100 extend from the peripheral edge 140 to the common point P. In this way the sliding surfaces 100 form a pyramidal upper surface of bottom element 100. As will be described further with reference to figures 5 A and 5B, the common point P can be a fictional point lying in line with sliding surfaces 110. In contrast to the illustrated embodiment of figure 2, figure IB illustrates that the peripheral edge 140 is an upper edge of the bottom element 100 and that the sliding surfaces 110 extend in a downward direction toward the common point P. The preferred embodiment illustrated in figure IB as a recessed upper surface so that the bottom element 100 comprises a container for the powder.

In a preferred embodiment the sliding surfaces 110 are at least partially identical and sliding surfaces 110 have the same dimensions. This allows the bottom element 100 to be produced and manufactured in simpler manner, since fewer different components are needed to manufacture the bottom element 100.

Figure IB further shows that the common point is positioned centrically relative to bottom element 100. A further advantage of the bottom elements 100 is that they are stackable when not in use. In this way the bottom elements take up less space when not in use, making more space available, for instance in the hold, for the other goods. This advantage is emphasized further when the bottom elements have identical sliding surfaces or when the bottom elements comprise a nozzle, as described below. More generally, this advantage is emphasized further when the bottom elements take the same form, and particularly have one upper peripheral edge which is situated at substantially the same height everywhere.

Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of a fluidization bottom B which is formed by a group of bottom elements 100.

Each of the bottom elements 100 particularly comprises four sliding surfaces 110, of which only three sliding surfaces are visible per bottom element 100 in figure 2. Alternatively to the exemplary embodiments of figures 1A and IB, the sliding surfaces 110 extend from the peripheral edge 140 in upward direction toward a common point P. In this way the sliding surfaces 110 also form a prismatoidal upper surface of the bottom element, with the difference that the sliding surfaces 110 form a protrusion. In such a preferred embodiment the peripheral edge 140 bounds the base of bottom element 100.

In figure 2 the base of bottom element 100 is rectangular, the base preferably being square. This is because the square base bounded by peripheral edge 140 has the advantage that the base is both point- symmetrical and rotation-symmetrical. This makes it possible to arrange the bottom element 100 in the hold with the base in any orientation thereof with the peripheral edges adjacently of a peripheral edge of a further bottom element 100. Because the orientation and position of the bottom element 100 need hereby not be taken into consideration during assembly of the fluidization bottom, this allows the bottom elements 100 to be arranged in the hold adjacently of each other in simple manner. Assembly of the fluidization bottom B is therefore simplified in this way, whereby time is saved between the loading and unloading of the bulk vessel and the degree of utilization thereof increases further.

Figure 2 further illustrates that the peripheral edges 140 of two bottom elements 100 are preferably adjacent to each other. As described above, the sliding surfaces 110 extend from the peripheral edge 140. Because the peripheral edges 140 of two bottom elements 100 are adjacent, a sliding surface 110a of a first bottom element 100a in this way lies opposite a sliding surface 110b of a second bottom element 100b, wherein the sliding surfaces 110a, 110b have an intersecting line. The intersecting line essentially forms a plurality of common points between the sliding surfaces 100a, 100b. In this way the sliding surfaces 110a, 110b of the first and the second bottom element 100a, 100b together form a funnel between the two bottom elements 100a, 100b wherein the powder will slide and accumulate during fluidizing. As shown in figure 2, more than two bottom elements 100 can be arranged adjacently of each other in order to form a fluidization bottom B. In the figure, four bottom elements 100 are in particular arranged in a group, these forming the fluidization bottom B. Each of the bottom elements 100 lies adjacently of a further bottom element 100 and forms a part of the shown group of four bottom elements 100. As described above, each of the bottom elements 100 forms together with the adjacent bottom elements a respective funnel in which the powder can accumulate. In this way the four bottom elements 100 cover a larger area of the hold of the bulk vessel.

The bottom element 100 preferably further comprises a nozzle 150. The nozzle 150 is configured to suck up powder. In other words, the nozzle 150 functions in the manner of a vacuum cleaner. Nozzle 150 is arranged at the position of the common point of the plurality of sliding surfaces 110 and extends substantially perpendicularly, as seen relative to a horizontal plane, and in upward direction. Nozzle 150 preferably extends straight from a nozzle inlet to a nozzle outlet. The nozzle outlet is preferably connectable to a connecting pipe 151, see figure 6, which is provided for connection to an engine room with air displacing means. As shown in figures 1 A, IB and 3, the nozzle 150 can be arranged at the position of the common point P which is formed by the three, four or eight sliding surfaces extending toward this common point P. As shown in figure 2, nozzle 150 can be arranged at the position of the common point which is formed by the plurality of bottom elements 100. It will be apparent that the nozzle 150 can also be arranged between two mutually adjacent bottom elements 100, for instance at the position of the two adjacent peripheral edges 140. The nozzle is preferably provided at least partially above the sliding surfaces, such that on one hand the upper surface consists of sliding surfaces and, on the other, the nozzle is provided at least partially above the upper surface. The powder can hereby slide over the upper surface to a position at least partially below the nozzle.

A further advantage of the nozzle is that this nozzle can be used as support point when the bottom elements 100 are stacked when not in use. A bottom element thus rests at the position of its peripheral edges on the peripheral edges of a bottom element lying thereunder. The nozzle of the underlying bottom element, which is typically positioned centrically relative to the sliding surfaces, supports the bottom element lying thereabove.

Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of twelve bottom elements 100a, 100b, 100c, lOOd, lOOe, lOOf, and so on, which form part of a group of bottom elements 100 which together form the fluidization bottom of the bulk vessel. For the sake of clarity a part of the group of bottom elements 100a, 100b, 100c and lOOd is shown in cross-section.

Figure 3 particularly shows that the bottom elements can comprise more than four sliding surfaces. More specifically, figure 3 shows that each bottom element 100 comprises eight sliding surfaces. The sliding surfaces can be different, a plurality of first sliding surfaces 111 and a plurality of second sliding surfaces 112 can thus be provided. According to the illustrated preferred embodiment, the first sliding surfaces 111 extend from the peripheral edge 140 in a downward direction toward a common point, as described above with reference to figure IB. The prismatoidal upper surface, also referred to as prismatoidal configuration of the plurality of sliding surfaces, can be further improved by arranging a second sliding surface 112 between two respective adjacent first sliding surfaces. The second sliding surface 112 thus overlaps a portion of an angle between the two respective mutually adjacent first sliding surfaces 111. An advantage hereof is based on the insight that powder stagnates at the position of the angle formed between the two adj acent first sliding surfaces. This prevents the powder from sliding off the sliding surfaces. By providing a second sliding surface 112 between the two first sliding surfaces 111 the respective angles between the first sliding surfaces 111 and the second sliding surface 112 are greater compared to the angle between two first sliding surfaces 111 without the second sliding surface 112. This improves the sliding of the powder in the bottom element 100, whereby powder can be fed to the nozzle 150 in more continuous manner. Figure 3 further also shows that a support surface 113, this forming a lower surface of bottom element 100, is arranged at the position of the common point. The support surface is also deemed a sliding surface. In this way the upper body comprises a dome-shaped container. In other words, the sliding surfaces 111, 112 and the support surface 113 form a cupola configuration. Figure 3 shows particularly a square cupola configuration. A square cupola configuration is named for a geometric body falling under the more generic term Johnson solid.

The Johnson solid is a non-self-intersecting and non-isogonal polyhedron of which each side is a regular polygon and which is convex in the sense that a line segment between two points on different sides lies inside the body. A pyramid is for instance also deemed a Johnson solid. On the basis of the above description the skilled person will appreciate that the upper surface of the bottom element 100 can be arranged in different configurations to achieve the same or a similar effect.

Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a top view of a bottom element according to a preferred embodiment. For the sake of clarity the sliding surfaces 110 are shown partly transparently to illustrate that bottom element 100 comprises fluidization elements.

According to a first preferred embodiment illustrated in figures 4 A and 4B, the fluidization elements comprise one or more channels 131, 132, 133, 134, 135. The channels 131, 132, 133,

134, 135 are configured to guide air to a plurality of perforations, see the perforations 160 in figures 5A and 6B, which are provided in the sliding surfaces 110. Air can thus flow through the channels so as to be blown via the plurality of perforations through the powder. In other words, the channels 131, 132, 133, 134, 135 are part of a pipe system which distributes air in the bottom element. The perforations can also be provided with air injectors (not shown). The air injectors are configured to transport air through the sliding surfaces and then distribute it over the surface. The air injectors can for this purpose be provided with an air distribution disc which extends over the sliding surface and forms a space in which the supplied air accumulates. The supplied air is then blown out along a peripheral edge of the air distribution disc. In this way air is distributed over the sliding surface at the position of the air injector.

The one or more channels 131, 132, 133, 134, 135 are preferably connected to a collector 136. This has the advantage that a relatively large amount of air can be stored and then be made to flow through the channels. The collector 136 forms a buffer whereby fluctuations in the consumption of air can be better compensated for and powder can be fluidized in more continuous manner.

On the basis of the illustrated preferred embodiments of figures 4A and 4B it will be apparent that the channels can be arranged in the bottom element in different configurations.

Figure 4A thus illustrates that the channels 131, 132, 133 each lie around a central axis of the bottom element. In this way each of the channels 131, 132, 133 extends over a respective greater bottom surface of the bottom element 100. In the preferred embodiment of figure 4B the channels 131, 132, 133, 134, 135 extend under a respective part of the sliding surfaces llO or under a respective sliding surface 110. In a preferred embodiment the one or more channels 131, 132, 133, 134 are individually controllable.

Figures 4A and 4B further show a cross-sectional line, the view of which is shown in figures 5 A and 5B.

Figure 5A illustrates that, as described above, the channels 131, 132, 133 extend under a respective part of the sliding surfaces 110. Sliding surfaces 110 can for instance be subdivided into one or more surface areas which together form the whole upper surface of a respective sliding surface 110. A sliding surface 110 can thus for instance be subdivided into three respective surface areas, through which the respective channels 131, 132, 133 blow air. An advantage hereof is based on the insight that, due to the large quantities of powder situated on the sliding surfaces 110, a considerable air or gas pressure would be needed to fluidize all the powder at the position of the whole surface of sliding surface 110. An expensive and complex air pressure installation is needed for this purpose. Less air is conversely needed owing to the selective blowing of air through a respective surface area. Such a construction is moreover more variably controllable.

Figure 5A further illustrates that the bottom element 100 preferably comprises a frame 170. The frame is configured to support the one or more sliding surfaces 110. More specifically, frame 170 supports the upper surface of the bottom element 100 in robust manner.

The frame 170 preferably comprises a connecting interface 171, 172 at the position of a peripheral edge of bottom element 100. The connecting interface 171, 172 is configured to connect to a connecting interface of a further bottom element complementary thereto. The connecting interface 171, 172 is preferably complementary to itself, and a connecting interface is provided at the position of each peripheral edge of the bottom element 100. This allows bottom elements to be connected to each other irrespective of the orientation thereof. In this way the fluidization bottom can be mounted in the hold in simpler and more rapid manner. The fluidization bottom further also forms a stronger whole in this way.

Figure 5B further illustrates that the sliding surfaces 110 are provided with a plurality of perforations 160. The plurality of perforations 160 realize a better distribution of air, whereby the powder is fluidized at multiple locations and thus slides off the sliding surfaces 110 in improved manner. Preferably arranged on sliding surface 110 is a fluidization cloth which distributes the air flowing through the sliding surfaces 110. The fluidization cloth further improves the air distribution of the air which is blown through the perforations.

Figure 6 illustrates a cross-section of a hold R of a bulk vessel in which a group of bottom elements 100 are arranged, these together forming a fluidization bottom B in the hold R. Although not shown, it will be apparent to the skilled person that further features of bulk vessels can also be present. A shipping bulk vessel is thus typically provided with a double bottom in which ballast can be arranged. In the context of bulk vessels, ballast is typically seawater which is pumped into and out of the double bottom of the vessel. Ballast is an artificial weighting of the vessel, with the object of increasing the stability thereof. Ballast can also be controlled to absorb stress and forces developed during navigation.

Figure 6 particularly illustrates that the hold R comprises a hatch which bounds an opening O. The opening O of the hatch can typically be closed using a cover element D. The cover element D is connected pivotally to the hatch for purposes of illustration. The opening O has limited dimensions and is provided to minimize seeping in of water during transport in order to keep the powder in the hold R dry. An outer dimension of bottom element 100 is provided to fit through the opening O. An outer dimension of the bottom element 100 is preferably a maximum of 8 metres as seen in the width and/or in the length of bottom element 100. An example of such a bottom element 100 is a bottom element with a square base of 8 metres wide by 8 metres long. It is however noted that the bottom element can also be smaller than 8 metres, for instance 2 metres wide by 8 metres long.

Each of the bottom elements 100 is provided with a nozzle 150. The nozzle 150 is connected substantially centrally to each bottom element 100. The nozzle 150 is further connected at a nozzle outlet to a connecting pipe 151 which is provided for connection to an engine room with air displacing means. The nozzle 150, for instance at the nozzle outlet, or the connecting pipe at a distal end thereof, is connectable to an engine room with air displacing means (not shown). The connecting pipe 151 has a length which can bridge a distance between the bottom of the hold and an upper surface of the stored powder. The connecting pipe 151 is for instance a flexible pipe with a diameter lying between 8 cm and 50 cm and with a length of at least 10 metres, preferably at least 15 metres, more preferably at least 20 metres. It will be apparent that the nozzle 150 can also have a length of at least 10 metres, preferably at least 15 metres, more preferably at least 20 metres, such that the nozzle extends through the powder. An advantage hereof is that the powder is sucked up at the position of the bottom B during unloading. The chances of a powder cloud being created here are minimal. Unloading of the powder thus takes place in safer conditions, since a powder cloud can form a serious risk for dust explosions. In this way the bulk vessel can be unloaded irrespective of the weather and in dustless manner. This advantage is based on the insight that unloading of powdered products from a bulk carrier must take place with external installations, resulting in said dust formation. Such dust formation is dangerous, and is even prohibited in most harbours. Unloading of powders from a bulk vessel is moreover dependent on the weather, and the unloading operations must be halted if it rains. The external engine room can furthermore be connected to the bottom at the position of an upper side of the powder surface in simple manner. This facilitates the unloading of the power and increases safety. The skilled person will appreciate that the dimensioning of the length and diameter of the connecting pipe 151 depends on the size of the bulk vessel.

Figure 6 illustrates that by providing a bottom element 100 which is configured for placing in and removing from a hold R of the bulk vessel through the opening O of a hatch of the bulk vessel, and which is moreover provided to form part of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom B of the bulk vessel, the fluidization bottom B can be arranged and constructed in the hold of the bulk vessel for transporting the powder. This allows a bulk vessel to be configured specifically for transporting, loading and unloading powders. The bulk vessel can thus for instance be initially configured to transport ores or grains, for which a fluidization bottom is typically not required. Such bulk goods are lifted into and out of the hold using a crane. Using the bottom elements 100 the bulk vessel can however be converted for loading, unloading and transporting powders. After unloading of the powder the fluidization bottom B can furthermore also be dismantled and removed from the hold R. In this way the hold of the bulk vessel can be used again for other bulk goods or even packaged goods. The bulk vessel has therefore an improved utility because it is usable for a plurality of different types of good. The improved utility also allows improvement of the degree of utilization of the vessel by removing the fluidization bottom after unloading of the powder and filling the hold with other goods. The degree of utilization of the bulk vessel is thus practically doubled in this way. In other words, the bulk vessel thus becomes more multifunctional. According to a further preferred embodiment, the bottom element is provided with a seal for sealing a space between the bottom and the sliding surfaces and forming a sealed space. The sealed space can then be filled with water. The water is non-compressible. The sealed space with water is therefore not compressible, and in this way functions as further support of the sliding surfaces. The space can also be filled with another non-compressible material or with a substantially non-compressible material. The space can thus also be filled with a hard expanding foam, or the bottom element can already be provided with such a support means initially.

Figure 7 shows a cross-section of a fluidization bottom B in a hold of a bulk vessel. For the purpose of illustration, for transport and transfer of powders use is made of vessels equipped specifically for this purpose, also referred to as cement carriers. Cement carriers are self-unloading bulk vessels and have a fixed fluidization bottom and/or pressure tanks in the holds for transferring the powders. Cement carriers usually have a dedusting installation for separating the dust formed during loading from the outside air. Drawbacks are that such a bulk vessel cement carrier is expensive due to its complex construction, whereby they are usually relatively smaller ships in terms of carrying capacity. The largest cement carrier in the world for instance has a deadweight of only 35,000 tons. The shown fluidization bottom B has two sliding surfaces having an angle with the horizontal plane. The fluidization bottom B is further provided with a plurality of channels K which are configured to blow air through the two sliding surfaces in order to fluidize a powder situated on sliding surfaces during the unloading. In this way the powder slides off the sliding surfaces and accumulates at a lowermost area of the sliding surfaces. Such fluidization bottoms B can have different forms and dimensions, but almost always comprise the above-stated features. A further advantage of the fluidization bottom is based on the insight that powders harden during transport. This is because the hold of a bulk vessel is very high. Holds with a height greater than 15 metres are not unusual. The powders situated at the bottom of the hold undergo a considerable pressure from the powders situated thereabove. This has the adverse effect of the powders being compressed into a hardened mortar, which mortar is impossible or difficult to remove. All powders furthermore have a determined degree of humidity which, together with the pressure, accelerates the hardening thereof. The long transport routes travelled by such bulk vessels exacerbate these problems because, compared to short routes, this gives the powder more time to harden. By fluidizing the powders at least partially during transport the powders are on the one hand partially conditioned. This means that the dry air extracts the humidity from the powders and the chances of a hardening reaction occurring are reduced thereby. The fluidization further results in a relative movement in the powder, which reduces the compression thereof.

Figure 7 further shows a cross-section of a loading floor element 1100 according to a preferred embodiment. The loading floor element 1100 comprises a floor plate 1110 and a frame 1120 and is configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel. As described above, in the context of the application the term bulk vessel is understood to mean a Capesize ship or larger. Such bulk vessels, particularly bulk vessels suitable for transporting powders, comprise a hold which is closable in order to keep the powder dry. For this purpose the hold is provided with one or more hatches. The hatches have limited dimensions, compared to dimensions of the bulk vessel, and are provided to prevent seeping in of water. In other words, the loading floor element 1100 is configured for placing and removing via a hatch of a bulk vessel into and from the hold of the bulk vessel. The loading floor element 1100 preferably has an outer dimension of a maximum of 8 metres as seen in the width and/or in the length of the loading floor element 1100. An example of such a loading floor element 1100 is a loading floor element 1100 with a square floor plate of 8 metres wide by 8 metres long. It is however noted that the loading floor element 1100 can also be smaller than 8 metres, for instance 2 metres wide by 8 metres long.

The floor plate 1110 of the loading floor element 1100 forms an upper surface of the loading floor element 1100. Bulk goods such as ores, grains, steel rolls, steel beams or even packaged goods and containers can rest on the floor plate 1110. Floor plate 1110 is preferably flat. This allows goods to be stacked on the floor plate in simple manner. Floor plate 1110 can be manufactured from a metal such as steel or plastic, and further preferably has a maximum thickness, for instance a maximum of 10 cm, in order to limit the weight of loading floor element 1100. A floor plate manufactured from plastic has the advantage that the weight thereof is lower compared to a floor plate manufactured from metal.

The floor plate 1110 is supported above the fluidization bottom B by the frame 120. In this way the floor plate 1110 covers the fluidization bottom B. It will be apparent that floor plate 1110 can wholly or at least partially cover fluidization bottom B. A floor plate 1110 which at least partially covers the fluidization bottom B has the advantage that goods stocked in this way have less chance of supporting on the fluidization bottom B, which could result in damage thereto.

The frame 1120 is configured to support the floor plate 1110 above the fluidization bottom B in the hold of the bulk vessel. The frame 1120, or in other words a part of the loading floor element 1100 which supports the floor plate 1110, forms a bearing construction which bears the load exerted on floor plate 1110 by the goods. The frame can be an assembly of one or more support structures 1121a, 1121b, 1121c. The frame can also be integrated in the floor plate 1110 or, in an embodiment, even be deemed the floor plate when it is given a sufficiently strong form. The floor plate can thus for instance comprise a thickened portion which strengthens the floor plate. More specifically, six support structures 1121a, 1121b, 1121c are shown in figure 7. The support structures 1121 extend from floor plate 1110 to the fluidization bottom B and are adapted such that the floor plate 1110 extends at a predetermined angle relative to the fluidization bottom B. Figure 7 shows that the sliding surfaces of the fluidization bottom B have an oblique angle with a horizontal plane. Support structures 1121 are adapted for this purpose and, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, each extend over a respective distance which corresponds with a respective height at the position of a contact area where the support structures 1121a, 1121b 1121c support on the sliding surfaces. The support structures 1121a which support on a higher area of fluidization bottom B extend over a distance which is smaller compared to the support structures 1121c which support on a lower area of the fluidization bottom B. In this way the predetermined angle formed between floor plate 1110 and the fluidization bottom is adjustable to some extent. Because the one or more support structures 1121a, 1121b 1121c are adapted to form a predetermined angle relative to the fluidization bottom B, the oblique angles formed by the sliding surfaces can be compensated for at least partially in the sense that the floor plate 1110 of the loading floor element extends in substantially lying orientation and more preferably substantially parallel to a horizontal plane. This simplifies loading and unloading of stackable goods in the hold on the formed loading floor. The predetermined angle is preferably smaller than 45°, preferably smaller than 30°, more preferably smaller than 15°. The support structures can also be mounted on the floor plate in removable manner. This allows full dismantling of the loading floor element. In this way the loading floor elements are stackable in simpler and more compact manner when not in use, whereby more space is saved on the bulk vessel.

Figure 7 further shows a preferred embodiment wherein one or more support structures 1121c of the one or more support structures 1121a, 1121b is adapted to at least partially surround a nozzle M of the fluidization bottom B. Such a preferred embodiment can be implemented using for instance two support structures 1121c as shown in figure 7, but can also be implemented with a support structure 1121 which is cylindrical, as shown in figure 10. Such a preferred embodiment, as described above, can alternatively or in combination also comprises a frame which is formed partially by the floor plate. The floor plate with frame can for instance rest on a flange of the nozzle. The nozzle M of the fluidization bottom B is used to unload powders and makes it possible to limit a dust cloud formed during sucking up of the powders to a minimum. These nozzles M are typically mounted fixedly on the fluidization bottom B, and are thus not removable. The one of the one or more support structures 1121c which is adapted to surround the nozzle protects the nozzle M during transport of goods using the loading floor element and supports the floor plate 1110 in robust manner at the position of the nozzle M. This reduces the chances of floor plate 1110 bending at the position of the nozzle M.

Figure 8 shows a side view of a cross-section of a fluidization bottom B on which are arranged a plurality of loading floor elements 1100a, 1100b according to an exemplary embodiment. As described above, the frame 1120 is configured to support the floor plate 1110 above the fluidization bottom B so that floor plate 1110 covers the fluidization bottom at least partially. Figure 8 shows that a plurality of loading floor elements 1100a, 1100b can together form a loading floor in the hold of the bulk vessel. This is because, in practice, the hold is many times larger than the hatch providing access to the hold. A plurality of loading floor elements 1100a,

1100b are thus typically needed to cover a whole fluidization bottom in the hold. Figure 8 shows an embodiment wherein two loading floor elements 1100a, 1100b are arranged adjacently of each other in a group so as to form the loading floor above the fluidization bottom B. The skilled person will appreciate that it is also possible to arrange a plurality of loading floor elements 1100a, 1100b adjacently of each other in order to form the loading floor, as for instance shown in figure 11.

Figure 8 further shows that a loading floor element 1100 comprises at the position of a peripheral edge thereof a sealing means 1130a which is configured to guarantee a continuous contact edge between the floor plate 1110 and the fluidization bottom B. In this way access to the fluidization bottom B under the loading floor element 1110 is sealed off, whereby the fluidization bottom is further protected against the influence of the good transported on the loading floor element. A sealing means 1130b can further preferably be provided at the position of a peripheral edge of the loading floor element 1100 lying adjacently of a peripheral edge of an adjacent loading floor element 1100b in order to guarantee a continuous contact edge between the two loading floor elements 1100a, 1100b. Such a sealing means can be manufactured from a polymer material such as an EPDM rubber. The sealing means is preferably manufactured from an elastomer material. After loading floor element 1100 is removed from the hold, such a sealing means takes on its original shape again, whereby it continues to guarantee the continuous contact edge in improved manner over a prolonged period of use.

According to a preferred embodiment, a space under the floor plate and above the sliding surfaces can be filled with water. Water is not compressible. Because the sealing means guarantees a continuous contact edge between the floor plate and the fluidization bottom, a non-deformable space with water is thus provided. The floor plate is supported in this way. The space can also be filled with a different material or with a substantially non-compressible material.

Although not shown, it will be apparent to the skilled person that further features of bulk vessels can also be present. A shipping bulk vessel is thus typically provided with a double bottom in which ballast can be arranged. In the context of bulk vessels, ballast is typically seawater which is pumped into and out of the double bottom of the vessel. Ballast is an artificial weighting of the vessel, with the object of increasing the stability thereof. Ballast can also be controlled to absorb stress and forces developed during navigation.

Figure 9 shows a side view of a loading floor element 1100 which comprises support structures 1121 according to two different yet combinable exemplary embodiments. On one hand, figure 9 shows that the support structures 1121 can each comprise a height adjusting means 1122. The height-adjusting means 1122 are configured to adjust the support structures in the height. Because the oblique sliding surfaces have an angle with a horizontal plane, a height between the fluidization bottom and the floor plate 1110 of the loading floor element is not constant, this because the height differs depending on the location where the support structures 1121 support on the sliding surfaces. The height-adjusting element 1122 compensates for the height differences and allows for more standardized production of the loading floor element 1100 and particularly the one or more support structures 1121. By for instance manufacturing support structures 1121 which all extend over the same distance, and then providing the height-adjusting means 1122, the respective support structures 1121 can be adapted to the local situation in which the support structures are situated. This moreover makes it possible to locally adjust the height of the one or more support structures and in this way adapt the loading floor element 1100 to the fluidization bottom on which the loading floor element is intended to support.

Figure 9 further shows that the support structures have a bottom surface 1123. The bottom surface 1123 has a bottom angle a with a horizontal plane. The bottom angle corresponds with the predetermined angle of the floor plate 1110 relative to the fluidization bottom (not shown in figure 9). In this way the bottom surface 1123 of the one or more support structures substantially coincides with a sliding surface of the fluidization bottom. The bottom surface 1123 which coincides with a sliding surface of the fluidization bottom has the advantage that a pressure is distributed better or, in other words, is not concentrated on a limited area of the fluidization bottom. The bottom angle is preferably adjustable, for instance by mounting a lower segment of the support structure for pivoting about an axis. This makes it possible to further adapt the loading floor element in accordance with the fluidization bottom.

On the other hand, figure 9 shows that the support structures 1121 can also be mutually connected, for instance by a support structure which is connected to each of the support structures. In figure 9 a fourth support structure 1121 is provided which functions as foot support for the other support structures. Using the respective height-adjusting means, the fourth support structure can be positioned to have an angle with a horizontal plane. More specifically, figure 9 shows that the fourth support structure forms with its bottom surface 1121 the bottom angle as described above. Because the bottom surface of the fourth support structure supports wholly on the sliding surface, the pressure exerted thereon is further distributed over a greater area compared to the support structures which are not mutually connected. It will be apparent that the support structures can alternatively or in combination therewith also be provided with a foot which has a relatively large bottom surface compared to for instance a cross-sectional area of the support structure. According to a further preferred embodiment (not shown) a further support structure can be provided, for instance adjacently of the floor plate 1110, in order to improve the rigidity of the frame and to support the floor plate above the fluidization bottom in improved manner.

Figure 10 shows a perspective schematic bottom view of a loading floor element 1100 according to a preferred embodiment.

Figure 10 shows a loading floor element according to a preferred embodiment which is suitable for arranging in a prismatoidal, more specifically pyramidal fluidization bottom. This form of the fluidization bottom is correspondingly formed by the plurality of support structures 1121a,

1121b and 1121c, which respectively extend in a direction away from the floor plate so that the floor plate has an angle, which angle is illustrated by the broken line. As already described, figure 10 shows a support structure 1121c which is configured to at least partially surround a nozzle of the fluidization bottom. In the illustrated preferred embodiment the support structure 1121c is cylindrical, such that the nozzle is surrounded by an outer surface of the support structure 1121c.

Figure 11 shows a perspective schematic view of a loading floor element on a fluidization bottom B in a hold of a bulk vessel. The bulk vessel, only the fluidization bottom B of which is shown, in which the loading floor elements 1100 are arranged is deemed a set. More specifically, figure 11 therefore shows a set of a bulk vessel and a plurality of loading floor elements 1100 as described above. The bulk vessel has a fluidization bottom B. Two loading floor elements 1100 are particularly arranged adjacently of each other. It will however be apparent that more than two loading floor elements 1100 can in practice be arranged adjacently of each other in order to cover the fluidization bottom B.

An upper surface of the fluidization bottom B consists of one or more sliding surfaces A, wherein each sliding surface A has a predetermined minimal angle with a horizontal plane and comprises fluidization elements for fluidizing powder on the sliding surface in order to have the powder slide off the sliding surface.

The fluidization bottom B has an upper zone which is formed by at least one of an upper point and an upper edge of the sliding surfaces A, wherein the floor plate of the loading floor elements lies substantially directly on the upper zone and forms a flat loading floor in the hold of the bulk vessel. The set of bulk vessel, fluidization bottom and loading floor elements allows for improvement of the utility of the bulk vessel with fluidization bottom and an increased degree of utilization thereof without however changing the typical characteristics of a bulk vessel with traditional holds, so that the vessel can transport traditional bulk cargo, and therefore cargo other than powders, immediately after. This results in a considerable C02 reduction, since it is no longer necessary to travel back empty.

The skilled person will appreciate on the basis of the above description that the invention can be embodied in different ways and on the basis of different principles. The invention is not limited to the above described embodiments. The above described embodiments and the figures are purely illustrative and serve only to increase understanding of the invention. The invention will not therefore be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is defined in the claims.

The invention is further combinable with a loading floor element configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel. The loading floor element comprises a floor plate and a frame. The frame is configured to support the floor plate above a fluidization bottom in the hold of the bulk vessel so that the floor plate at least partially covers the fluidization bottom and forms a loading floor above the fluidization bottom.

Because the frame is configured to support the floor plate in the hold of the bulk vessel above the fluidization bottom thereof, goods other than powders, such as other bulk goods, can be stored and transported above the fluidization bottom. In this way the fluidization bottom is not damaged by storage of other bulk goods or even by packaged goods for which the fluidization bottom is not suitable. In other words, the floor plate will form a guard for the fluidization bottom when other bulk goods are being transported. Because the loading floor element is configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel, the loading floor can be constructed and dismantled in the hold of the bulk vessel both before and after transport of goods. The loading floor can for instance be constructed after powders are unloaded at a first location. The loading floor element is then arranged on the fluidization bottom, and other bulk goods can be loaded onto the loading floor at the first location. The bulk vessel can then transport the other bulk goods or packaged goods to a second location, where these other bulk goods or packaged goods are unloaded. At the second location the loading floor can then be dismantled by removing the loading floor element from the hold of the bulk vessel. In other words, the loading floor element allows the fluidization bottom to be temporarily converted into a loading floor suitable for goods other than powders, such as crates, containers, rolls and so on, and vice versa. The loading floor element thus allows not only construction of a loading floor in a bulk vessel suitable for transporting powders, making the bulk vessel suitable for transport of other bulk goods or even packaged goods, but also allows for the loading floor element to be removed again after the other goods have been transported, such that the hold of the bulk vessel can once again be utilized for powders. The bulk vessel thus has an improved utility because it can be used for a plurality of different types of good. The improved utility also allows for an increased degree of utilization of the vessel by constructing the loading floor in the hold after the powder has been unloaded, and filling the hold with other goods. The degree of utilization of the bulk vessel is thus practically doubled in this way. In other words, the bulk vessel thus becomes more multifunctional without however changing the characteristics of a bulk vessel with fluidization bottom, so that the bulk vessel can transport traditional bulk cargo, and so also cargo other than powders, immediately after. This furthermore results in a considerable C02 reduction, since it is no longer necessary to travel back empty.

The frame preferably comprises one or more support structures which extend from the floor plate to the fluidization bottom and are adapted so that the floor plate extends at a predetermined angle relative to the fluidization bottom. An advantage hereof is based on the insight that a fluidization bottom has one or more oblique sliding surfaces which the powder slides off. Because the one or more support structures are adapted to form a predetermined angle relative to the fluidization bottom, the oblique angles formed by the sliding surfaces can be compensated for at least partially in the sense that the floor plate of the loading floor element extends in substantially lying orientation and more preferably substantially parallel to a horizontal plane. This simplifies the loading and unloading of stackable goods in the hold on the formed loading floor. The predetermined angle is preferably smaller than 45°, preferably smaller than 30°, more preferably smaller than 15°.

One of the one or more support structures is preferably adapted to at least partially surround a nozzle of the fluidization bottom. The nozzle of the fluidization bottom is used to unload powders and makes it possible to limit a dust cloud formed during sucking up of the powders to a minimum. These nozzles are typically mounted fixedly on the fluidization bottom, and are thus not removable. The one of the one or more support structures which is adapted to surround the nozzle protects the nozzle during transport of goods using the loading floor element and supports the floor plate in robust manner at the position of the nozzle. The chances of the floor plate bending at the position of the nozzle are reduced in this way.

The one or more support structures preferably comprise a height-adjusting means for adjusting each of the one or more support structures in the height. Because the oblique sliding surfaces have an angle with a horizontal plane, a height between the fluidization bottom and the floor plate of the loading floor element is not constant. The height-adjusting element compensates for the height differences at least partially and allows the loading floor element, and particularly the one or more support structures, to be produced in more generic manner. This moreover makes it possible to locally adjust the height of the one or more support structures and in this way adapt the loading floor element to the fluidization bottom on which the loading floor element is intended to support.

The one or more support structures preferably have a bottom surface having a bottom angle with a horizontal plane which corresponds with the predetermined angle relative to the fluidization bottom. In this way the bottom surface of the one or more support structures substantially coincides with a sliding surface of the fluidization bottom. The bottom surface which coincides with a sliding surface of the fluidization bottom has the advantage that a pressure is distributed better or, in other words, is not concentrated on a limited area of the fluidization bottom.

The bottom angle is preferably adjustable. This makes it possible to further adapt the loading floor element in accordance with the fluidization bottom. The loading floor element preferably comprises at the position of a peripheral edge a sealing means which is configured to guarantee a continuous contact edge between the floor plate and the fluidization bottom. In this way access to the fluidization bottom under the loading floor element is sealed off, whereby the fluidization bottom is further protected against the influence of the good transported on the loading floor element. According to a second aspect, the invention provides a set of a bulk vessel and one or more loading floor elements as described above, wherein the bulk vessel has a fluidization bottom.

An upper surface of the fluidization bottom preferably consists of one or more sliding surfaces, wherein each sliding surface has a predetermined minimal angle with a horizontal plane and comprises fluidization elements for fluidizing powder on the sliding surface in order to have the powder slide off the sliding surface.

The fluidization bottom preferably has an upper zone which is formed by at least one of an upper point and an upper edge of the sliding surfaces, wherein the floor plate of the loading floor elements lies substantially directly on the upper zone and forms a flat loading floor in the hold of the bulk vessel. According to another, third aspect, the invention provides for use of a loading floor element as described above for assembling a loading floor.

The skilled person will appreciate that advantages and objectives similar to those for the loading floor element apply for the corresponding set of a bulk vessel and one or more loading floor elements and the use thereof, mutatis mutandis.

Claims

1. A bottom element (100) configured for placing in and removing from a hold of a bulk vessel, wherein the bottom element is provided to form part of a group of bottom elements which together form a fluidization bottom of the bulk vessel, wherein an upper surface of the bottom element consists of one or more sliding surfaces (110), wherein each sliding surface has a predetermined minimal angle (120) with a horizontal plane and comprises fluidization elements (130) for fluidizing powder on the sliding surface in order to have the powder slide off the sliding surface.

2. The bottom element (100) according to the foregoing claim, wherein the bottom element (100) comprises at least three sliding surfaces (110) which extend from a peripheral edge (140) to a common point (P), such that the upper surface is prismatoidal.

3. The bottom element (100) according to the foregoing claim, wherein the bottom element comprises at least four sliding surfaces (110) which extend from the peripheral edge (140) to the common point, such that the upper surface is pyramidal.

4. The bottom element (100) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the peripheral edge (140) is an upper edge of the bottom element and the sliding surfaces extend in a downward direction relative to the upper edge.

5. The bottom element (100) according to the foregoing claim, further comprising a nozzle (150) which is arranged at the position of the common point and extends substantially perpendicularly and in upward direction as seen relative to a horizontal plane, and which is configured to suck up the powder.

6. The bottom element (100) according to any one of the claims 2-5, wherein the predetermined minimal angle (120) is a maximum of 12°.

7. The bottom element (100) according to any one of the claims 2-6, wherein the sliding surfaces comprise a plurality of perforations (160) and wherein the fluidization elements (130) comprise one or more channels (131, 132, 133, 134, 135) which are configured to have air flow through the plurality of perforations in order to fluidize the powder.

8. The bottom element (100) according to the foregoing claim, wherein the one or more channels (131, 132, 133, 134, 135) each blow through arespective surface area of the sliding surfaces.

9. The bottom element (100) according to any one of the claims 7-8, wherein the one or more channels (131, 132, 133, 134, 135) are individually controllable.

10. The bottom element (100) according to the foregoing claim, wherein a fluidization cloth which distributes the air flowing through the sliding surfaces is arranged on the sliding surface (110).

11. The bottom element (100) according to any one of the claims 2-10, further comprising a frame (170) which is configured to support the sliding surfaces.

12. The bottom element (100) according to the foregoing claim, wherein the frame (170) comprises a connecting interface (171) which is configured to connect to a connecting interface (172) of a further bottom element complementary thereto.

13. Fluidization bottom which can be assembled in a hold of a bulk vessel comprising at least one bottom element according to any one of the forgoing claims.