JP2697768B2 - Vane type compressor - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vane-type compressor for reducing weight by forming a vane, a cylinder block and the like from an aluminum material. (Prior Art) In recent years, vane-type compressors have been manufactured from a ferrous metal using a light alloy such as an aluminum material in order to reduce the weight. For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 50-33712. And Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-60993. The vane-type compressor described above achieves weight reduction by forming the vane with an aluminum alloy, and impregnating the surface of the vane with tetrafluoroethylene such as Teflon during the anodic oxide film treatment, thereby improving the anti-seizure and anti-seizure properties. It has improved wear properties. The vane-type compressor described above is a vane having excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance by applying nickel-based composite plating in which ceramic powder as a dispersant is dispersed on the sliding surface of the vane. is there. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in this kind of vane type compressor, it is possible to reduce the weight by using the aluminum-based light metal, and it is possible to enhance the seizure resistance and the wear resistance. However, the cost of the plating process is high, and this is a major obstacle to practical use. In particular, in the above-mentioned prior art, a composite plating layer made of ceramics as a dispersing material, for example, in the case of SiC, Hv = 3000-3500, TiC
Hv = 2800-3800 in the case of, Hv = 2400 in the case of Si ₃ N ₄
Since it is very hard at ~ 2800, the workability of the polishing process after the plating process is deteriorated, and it takes a long time to grind, and the life of the grindstone becomes very short, so that productivity is lowered. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vane-type compressor which is lightweight, secures seizure resistance and abrasion resistance, has excellent workability, can reduce processing cost, and has excellent corrosion resistance. It is assumed that. (Means for Solving the Problems) In the vane compressor according to the present invention, a front side block and a rear side block are fixed to both ends of a cylinder block having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and are rotatably provided in the cylinder block. A rotor is housed, and a vane is slidably housed in a vane groove formed in the rotor, and the vane is retracted with the rotation of the rotor, and a tip of the vane slides on an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block. In the vane type compressor, the cylinder block, both side blocks, the rotor and the vane are formed using an aluminum material, and the outer surface of the vane slidingly contacting the inner peripheral surfaces of the rotor and the cylinder block; Ni-P plating on one of the sliding surfaces of the front or rear side blocks that are in contact with the discharge port side Applied and are configured. (Operation) Generally, the phenomenon of wear and seizure is a phenomenon that occurs when two materials are in sliding contact with each other, and largely depends on the surface hardness of sliding members. Therefore, the present inventor formed the rubbing member with an aluminum member, and subjected these surfaces to Ni-P plating or Ni-P composite plating, and tested by a Falex baking test.As a result, abrasion resistance, seizure resistance and Corrosion resistance performance could be improved. Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 100 indicates a vane type compressor main body. The main body 100 includes a front side block 20, a rear side block 30, a cylinder block 40, a drive shaft 50, a rotor 60, a vane 70, and the like.The front side block 20 includes a head plate 82 fixed by bolts 81, The head plate 82 is covered by a casing 92 fixed by bolts 91. As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder block 40 is formed in a tubular shape having an elliptical cross section and an inner peripheral surface 41 as a sliding contact surface. This cylinder block 40 has bolts 4 between the front side block 20 and the rear side block 30.
The cylinder chamber 46 is defined inside by these components. The drive shaft 50 is a bearing part of the front side block 20.
The bearing 21 is rotatably supported by the bearing 21. The bearing portion 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a predetermined length, and a thrust bearing 52 is provided between one end portion 21a of the bearing portion and a flange portion 51 protruding from an outer periphery of one end 50a of the drive shaft 50. The thrust bearing 52 is interposed and the drive shaft 50
Is restricted from moving in the thrust direction.
The other end 50b of the drive shaft 50 extends outward from the head plate 82, and this extended portion is connected to a drive source via an electromagnetic clutch or the like. A cylindrical rotor 60 is mounted on the drive shaft 50 so as to be freely rotatable with the drive shaft 50 in the cylinder chamber 46. The rotor 60 has, for example, four vane grooves 61 radially formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A vane 70 is slidably housed in each vane groove 61. The base end of each vane groove 61 communicates with a back pressure chamber 62 provided along the axial direction inside the rotor 60, and the vane 70 is moved by the oil pressure in the back pressure chamber 62.
Biased in a direction to project from The tip of the vane 70 rotates together with the rotor 60 while sliding on the inner peripheral surface 41, which is the sliding surface of the cylinder chamber 46, and the expansion chamber is located between the adjacent vanes 70.
71 and a compression chamber 72 are formed. The expansion chamber 71 communicates with a suction port 47 provided in the cylinder block 40, and the compression chamber 72 communicates with a discharge port 48 provided in the cylinder block. These inlets 47
And the discharge ports 48 are provided at 180 ° intervals in the circumferential direction. Then, with the rotation of the rotor 60, the suction port 47
Then, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the expansion chamber 71, and then the refrigerant gas is compressed in the compression chamber 72 and discharged from the discharge port 48. The suction port 47 is provided with a refrigerant gas suction hole 84 provided in the head plate 82 through a low-pressure chamber 83 formed between the head plate 82 and the front side block 20.
The refrigerant gas is guided from the cooling device through the suction hole 84. On the other hand, the discharge hole 48 is provided in the casing 92 and communicates with a refrigerant gas discharge port 94 through a high-pressure chamber 93 formed in the casing 92, and the refrigerant gas compressed through the discharge hole 94 is cooled. Supplied to the device. The lower part of the high-pressure chamber 93 is an oil reservoir 95. A through hole 22 provided in the front side block 20 communicates with the oil reservoir 95, and oil is supplied to the bearing 21 through the through hole 22. Part of the oil supplied to the bearing portion 21 flows into the mechanical seal chamber 85 through the gap between the bearing portion 21 and the drive shaft 50, and further flows into the cylinder chamber 46 through the oil supply hole 23 formed in the front side block 20. The lubrication is performed on the gap between the both side blocks 20 and 30 and the rotor 60 and the inner peripheral surface 41 that is the sliding surface of the cylinder block 40. Further, in the present embodiment, the front and rear side blocks 20, 30, the cylinder block 40, the rotor 60 and the vane 70 are formed using an aluminum alloy containing Si as a material for forming the front and rear side blocks 20, 30, Of the 30, the sliding contact surface of the rear side block 30 on the discharge port 48 side heated to a high temperature with the vane 70, the inner peripheral surface 41 of the cylinder block 40, and the inner peripheral surface 41 of the rotor 60 and the cylinder block 40 are in sliding contact. The sliding surface such as the outer surface of the vane in contact is plated with Ni-P with a film thickness of several to several tens of microns. In this case, the ratio of the plating component is Ni.
90 to 92% and P to 10 to 8%. Vane 70
Regarding the above, Ni-P plating is not applied to both side surfaces of the vane 70, that is, surfaces facing the both side blocks 20 and 30 of the vane 70. In this case, the plating treatment is performed by subjecting the Ni-P plating portion to degreasing treatment, mixed acid treatment, zinc substitution, nitric acid treatment, and zinc substitution, and then performing Ni-P plating and, if necessary, heating. It is. The reason why the Ni-P plating is applied to the sliding surface is based on the following knowledge. That is, the phenomena of wear and seizure are phenomena that occur when two materials come into sliding contact with each other, and it is generally known that they depend on the surface hardness of the materials. Therefore, the present inventor compared Fa-plated Ni-P alloy with Si-Al alloy material containing Si by using Fa.
The seizure load was measured by the lex seizure test. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a pin 201 is made of an aluminum alloy containing Si, and blocks 202 and 203 having a V-shaped groove are made of another material. The load at the time when seizure occurred by pressing 202 and 203 was measured. In FIG. 3, P represents a seizure load, and the seizure load P can be expressed by P = F / 2√2, where the angle of the V-shaped groove is 90 ° and the load applied to the blocks 202 and 203 is F. The limit value of the seizure load P that can be realized and put to practical use is 280 kg. In this test, the following test conditions were used. Test conditions: Testing machine: Falex baking tester Pin rotation speed: 0.39m / sec Lubricating oil: SUNISO / 5GS (trade name: manufactured by Nippon Sun Oil Co., Ltd.) Oil temperature: 80 ° C Load applying method: Step-up method Above conditions Under the following, the sliding surfaces of the pin 201 and the blocks 202 and 203 formed of an aluminum alloy containing Si were subjected to Ni-P alloy plating or Ni-P composite plating, and the test data was shown in the following table. was gotten. Note that “casting” described in the test data indicates a material formed by casting, and “push” indicates a material formed by powder extrusion. From the above test result table, in the case of the test in which the aluminum material containing Si was rubbed, the seizure load was extremely small, and one of the aluminum materials containing Si was Ni-P plated or
In a test in which Ni-P composite plating (containing silicon nitride as a dispersing material) was applied and subjected to heat treatment and rubbed, the seizure load was extremely large at 700 kg or more, and the Equal or better wear resistance is obtained. This means that the Ni-P plated surface is normally Hv550
Hard to the extent, but further heat treatment, supersaturated Ni-P
It is considered that nickel phosphide (Ni ₃ P) is precipitated from the solid solution and crystallized, and the hardness is further increased to approximately Hv 700 to 800, thereby increasing the limit of wear resistance and seizure resistance. On the other hand, when Ni-P plating was performed, no generation of red rust was observed even at 96 hours in the salt spray test, and it can be said that corrosion resistance was good. In the above-described embodiment, the case of Ni-P plating or Ni-P composite plating has been described. However, the same effect can be obtained when Ni-P plating is performed by electrolytic treatment or electroless treatment. . (Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, since the cylinder block, both side blocks, the rotor and the vane are made of aluminum material, the weight of the compressor itself can be reduced. The inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block,
The Ni-P plating is applied to the outer surface of the vane slidingly contacting the inner peripheral surfaces of the rotor and the cylinder block and the sliding contact surface of one of the side blocks slidingly contacting the vane. And abrasion and seizure between the rotor and the vane and between the rotor and the vane are less likely to occur, which can prevent a reduction in refrigerant gas compression capacity and the occurrence of troubles such as inability to rotate the rotor, thereby improving the performance and durability of the compressor. be able to. In addition, since it is not as hard as a composite plating layer using a ceramic dispersant as in the past, polishing and workability can be secured, the grinding time is shortened, the life of the grinding wheel is lengthened, and productivity can be improved. And cost reduction can be achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vane type compressor, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining the Falex test. 20, 30 front and rear side blocks 40, 41 cylinder block and inner peripheral surface 60 rotor, 70 vane 100 vane compressor body

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (56) References JP-A-62-125024 (JP, A)                 JP-A-62-78221 (JP, A)                 JP-A-61-38000 (JP, A)                 JP-A-62-60993 (JP, A)                 62-72486 (JP, U)                 Shokai 56-90494 (JP, U)                 Shokai Sho 59-27101 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A front side block and a rear side block are fixed to both ends of a cylinder block having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, a rotor is rotatably housed in the cylinder block, and is slidably fitted in a vane groove formed in the rotor. In a vane compressor in which a vane is housed, the vane is retracted with the rotation of the rotor, and the tip of the vane slides on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block. While being formed using aluminum material,
The outer surface of the vane slidably contacting the inner peripheral surfaces of the rotor and the cylinder block, and one of the sliding surfaces of the front or rear side blocks slidably contacting the vane and the discharge port side are plated with Ni-P. A vane compressor. 2. 2. The vane compressor according to claim 1, wherein one of the sliding surfaces of the front or rear side blocks is a sliding surface that requires seizure resistance and wear resistance. 3. 3. The vane compressor according to claim 1, wherein the Ni-P plating is plating by electrolysis or electroless. 4. The vane compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Ni-P plating is a composite plating.