JP2687993B2 - Underwater excavation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underwater excavation method for a portion where a tidal current is fast.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Dredging work for digging rocks or rocks at the bottom of a water such as a harbor or a shipping route is generally carried out by a dredger.

[0003]

However, such dredging work is accompanied by various difficulties. Particularly, in the dredging work on a route where the tidal current is fast and the navigation is heavy, it is necessary to secure the navigation of the ship within the route. In addition to being unable to place work vessels and equipment on the water surface, there was a problem that it was difficult to safely lay a discharge hose for carrying excavated rock on the sea floor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to efficiently carry out underwater excavation while ensuring the safety of navigation of a ship in a route where the tidal current is fast and the navigation is intense. Is.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A means for achieving the above-mentioned object is a construction method for excavating a water bottom with a fast tidal flow. Are installed at appropriate intervals, the underwater excavator is remotely operated from the support base within the installation location of the positioning responder, the water bottom is excavated, and the excavated rock is loaded on the loading hopper of the underwater excavator to assist. It is assumed that the material is transported to the vicinity of the base and then lifted up to the support base, and the excavation by the underwater excavator is performed in a comb-tooth shape in the initial stage. In addition, other means is a method of excavating a water bottom with fast tidal current, constructing a support base in the vicinity of the excavation site, and on the water bottom from the vicinity of the support base to the planned excavation site,
A rail that can be extended by sequentially adding rail units is laid, an underwater excavator is placed on the rail, and it is remotely operated from the support base to excavate the water bottom, and the excavated rock is loaded on the underwater excavator. It is assumed that it is loaded in a hopper and transported to the vicinity of the support base, and is pulled up to the support base from there, and that a plurality of the rails are laid in a predetermined direction and excavated in a comb tooth shape. On the other hand, an excavating drum attached to the tip of an excavating arm that is elevated, swiveled, and expandable, a scraper that collects the excavated rock fragments excavated by the excavation drum, and a conveyor that conveys the excavated rock fragments of the scraper plate. A beacon connected to the display section in the operation room of the support base via an underwater cable, a television camera, and a front monitoring sonar. And further comprising a door.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of an underwater excavator used in the underwater excavation method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

An underwater excavator 1 is a crawler 2 which can be self-propelled to a front portion of a body 3 which is vertically lowered, swung, and expanded / contracted.
And the excavation drum 5 is rotatably attached to its tip.

Below the excavation arm 4, below the machine body 3, there is provided a scraping plate 6 for collecting excavated rock fragments excavated by the excavation drum 5. An end portion of the conveyor 7 is arranged at the center of the scraping plate 6, and the scraping arms 8 on both sides sandwiching the scraping plate 6 load the excavated rock fragments on the conveyor 7.

The transport conveyor 7 penetrates through the central portion of the machine body 3 and its rear portion faces the upper portion of the loading hopper 9, and transports the excavated rock fragments of the scraping plate 6 to the loading hopper 9.

As shown in (2) of FIG. 1, the loading hopper 9 is rotated by a jack 11 around a shaft 10 at the rear portion of the machine body 3 so that excavated rock fragments can be discharged. Along with the rotation of the loading hopper 9, the rear part of the conveyor 7 is also folded and rotated. The loading hopper 9 returns to its original state.

A beacon 13 for receiving a response signal from a responder 12 for positioning, which will be described later, is provided at the front of the machine body 3,
A forward monitoring sonar 14 is provided, and an illumination lamp 15 and a TV camera 16 are provided at the front and rear of the machine body 3.

Next, an underwater excavation method using this underwater excavator will be described. Underwater excavation is carried out at a depth of 14 at a waterway 17 of 9 knots in which vessels are constantly navigating.
It is the seabed 18 of m.

Since the support base 19 cannot be built in the route 17, as shown in FIG.
Will be built outside the route 21, which does not restrict navigation, and at the shortest distance from the excavation point 22. This support base 1
9 is supported on the seabed 18 by four feet 23, and raises the hull 24 above the sea surface 25 so that the influence of tidal current acts only on the projection surface of the feet 23.

On the hull 24 of the support base 19, a crawler crane 26 for suspending and hoisting the underwater excavator 1 and for picking up rock excavation, a generator 27 for supplying electric power to the underwater excavator 1, Control room 2 for remote control of underwater excavator 1
8 and a break room are installed.

The operation room 28 is provided with a microcomputer 29 for remotely controlling the underwater excavator 1 and a display unit 29a for confirming the position of the underwater excavator 1 and the seabed around the excavator 1, and these include an underwater cable 30. Underwater excavator 1 through
The beacon 13, the forward monitoring sonar 14, the illumination lamp 15, the TV camera 16 and the like are respectively connected.

Prior to the excavation, the present condition of the seabed 18 is grasped in detail, the positioning responder 12 is installed at the excavation point 22, and the data having the installation point as a reference point is input to the microcomputer 29.

Next, the underwater excavator 1 is hung on the seabed with the crawler crane 26, and after sufficiently checking the operating conditions of each equipment, the operator remotely operates the beacon 13, the forward monitoring sonar 14 and the TV camera 16. Drive to the excavation site while confirming the position of the aircraft. This own position measures the arrival signal to the beacon 13 of the response signal emitted from each position determination responder 12 by the signal from the beacon 13, and obtains the relative positional relationship by the arrival time of each. It is displayed on the display unit 29a of the operation room 28.

Along with this, the forward monitoring sonar 14 scans the probe beam by ultrasonic waves, converts the reflected signal into a sonar image and displays the seabed topography on the display unit 29a. Further, by lighting the front and rear illumination lights 15 of the machine body 3, the TV camera 16 directly visually recognizes the seabed topography around the underwater excavator 1.

Then, when the underwater excavator 1 reaches the excavation point 22, the draw plate 6 and the trigger 31 are operated to operate the machine body 3
Hold horizontally, and monitor forward sonar 14 and T
The condition of the excavated surface is grasped by the V camera 16.

Then, while observing the display screen displaying the situation of the seabed 18, the digging drum 5 and the digging arm 4 are operated to dig the seabed 18. At the initial stage of excavation, as shown in FIG. 5, if the remaining portion 32 is excavated in a comb-teeth shape at a slow flow, the influence of the tidal current on the underwater excavator 1 can be reduced.

Further, the excavated rock fragments are scraped up by the scraping plate 6, loaded on the transport conveyor 7 by the scraping arm 8 and transported to the loading hopper 9.

When the loading hopper 9 is full, the underwater excavator 1 is returned to the vicinity of the support base 19 and
The loading hopper 9 is rotated to lower the excavated rock fragments, which is picked up by the crawler crane 26 and loaded on the carrier 33. By sequentially repeating such excavation work, excavation work can be performed without hindering the navigation of the ship 20.

6 and 7 show another excavation method, in which the underwater excavator 1 travels on the rail 34 laid on the seabed 18 to excavate the seabed 18. The underwater excavator 1 has the same configuration as that described above except that the crawler 2 is changed to a wheel 35 and the loading hopper 9 is detachably changed.

Further, the rail 34 is formed by adding a plurality of rail units 36, and the rail unit 3 at the tip portion is formed.
6, a stopper 37 is provided so as to project. The rail unit 36 includes a rail 39 on a pedestal plate 38, and an end portion of the pedestal plate 38 is provided with a dovetail-shaped convex portion 40 or a dovetail-shaped groove 41, respectively. Groove 4
It is added by fitting into 1.

This replenishment is performed by suspending the rail unit 36 by the crawler crane 26 and fitting the convex portion 40 into the dovetail groove 41 of the rail unit 36 at the rear end portion. Push forward.

When this laying is completed, as shown in FIG. 7, the underwater excavator 1 is moved to the rail 34 by the crawler crane 26.
It is hung up and the seabed 18 is excavated in the same manner as described above. Also in this case, the confirmation of the position of the own device and the like is performed by the same method as described above.

The excavated rock fragments are placed on the loading hopper 9 and transported to the support base 19. The loaded hopper 9 is lifted by the crawler crane 26 to lower the excavated rock fragments, and then the excavated rock fragments are placed on the underwater excavator 1 again. Then, as the excavation proceeds, the rail units 36 are added in the same manner as described above.

Also in the excavation by the rail 34, by laying the rail 34 radially as shown in FIG. 10, it is possible to reduce the influence of the tidal current on the underwater excavator 1 at the remaining comb-shaped portion 32. The remaining portion 32 is also excavated in the same manner as above when the flow is gentle.

[0029]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION A method of excavating a water bottom with a fast tidal flow. A support base is constructed near the excavation point, and responders for positioning are installed at appropriate intervals on the water bottom of the excavation point. The remote operation of the underwater excavator from the above-mentioned support base within the installation location of the submersible to excavate the bottom of the water, the crushed rock is loaded on the loading hopper of the underwater excavator, transported to the vicinity of the support base, and then pulled to the support base. As a result, it is possible to efficiently excavate the seabed where the tidal current is fast and which serves as a shipping route.

In the excavation by the underwater excavator, the excavator can be excavated in the shape of a comb in the initial stage without being affected by the tidal current.

A method of excavating the bottom of the water where the tidal current is fast,
Build a support base near the excavation site, and lay an extendable rail on the bottom of the water from the support base to the planned excavation site by sequentially adding rail units, and place an underwater excavator on the rail. It is affected by the tidal current by remotely operating the support base to excavate the bottom of the water, loading the excavated rock fragments into the loading hopper of the underwater excavator, transporting it to the vicinity of the support base, and pulling it from there to above the support base. You can drill seafloor without.

Arbitrary excavation can be performed by laying a plurality of rails in a predetermined direction and excavating in a comb shape.

The underwater excavator is in a state of elevation, turning,
An excavating drum attached to the tip of the expanding and contracting excavating arm, a scraper for collecting the excavated rock fragments excavated by the excavating drum, a conveyor for conveying the excavated rock fragments of the scraper, and a conveyor from the conveyor. It consists of a loading hopper on which excavated rocks are loaded, and is equipped with a beacon connected to the display in the operation room of the support base, a TV camera, and a forward-looking sonar. Along with excavation, excavation excavation rock fragments can be loaded on an underwater excavator and transported.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (1) and (2) are side views of an underwater excavator.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an underwater excavator.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an underwater excavation method.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an excavation situation.

FIG. 6 (1) is a cross-sectional view of laying a rail on the water bottom,
(2) is the same plan view.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in which an underwater excavator travels on a rail to perform excavation work.

FIG. 8 (1) is a plan view of the rail, (2) is a side view thereof,
(3) is a side view of the tip portion.

9A is a plan view of the rail unit, FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9C is a sectional view taken along the line BB.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an excavation situation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Underwater Excavator 2 Crawler 3 Body 4 Excavation Arm 5 Excavation Drum 6 Crawler Plate 7 Conveyor Conveyor 8 Crawler Arm 9 Loading Hopper 10 Axis 11 Jack 12 Position Responder 13 Beacon 14 Front Monitoring Sonar 15 Illumination Light 16 TV Camera 19 Support base

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of excavating a water bottom with fast tidal flow, wherein a support base is constructed near the excavation site, and responders for positioning are installed at appropriate intervals at the bottom of the water at the excavation site. The remote operation of the underwater excavator from the above-mentioned support base within the installation location of the submersible to excavate the bottom of the water, the crushed rock is loaded on the loading hopper of the underwater excavator, transported to the vicinity of the support base, and then pulled to the support base. Underwater excavation method characterized by. 2. The underwater excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the excavation by the underwater excavator is comb-shaped excavation at an initial stage. 3. A method of excavating a water bottom with fast tidal current, which can be extended by constructing a support base near the excavation site and successively adding rail units to the water bottom from the vicinity of the support base to the planned excavation site. Laying a rail, placing an underwater excavator on the rail and operating it remotely from the support base to excavate the bottom of the water, loading the excavated rock fragments into the loading hopper of the underwater excavator and transporting it to the vicinity of the support base. , Underwater excavation method characterized by pulling up from above to the support base. 4. The underwater excavation method according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the rails are laid in a predetermined direction and excavated in a comb shape. 5. The underwater excavator is in a position to lie down against the airframe.
An excavation drum attached to the tip of a swivel / extendable excavation arm, a scraper that collects excavated rock fragments excavated by the excavation drum, and a conveyor that conveys the excavated rock fragment of the scraper plate.
A beacon composed of a loading hopper into which excavated rock fragments from the transfer conveyor are loaded, connected to a display section in the operation room of the support base via an underwater cable, a television camera, and a forward monitoring sonar The underwater excavation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4.