JP2678980B2 - 5 hole shakuhachi - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a 5-hole shakuhachi.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional 5-hole shakuhachi is shown in FIG. This five-hole shakuhachi has four finger holes from the first hole 13 to the fourth hole 16 aligned in the front surface of the tube from the butt end 11 side toward the mouth 12 direction, and the fifth hole on the back surface of the tube. The hole 17 is drilled.

In order to produce chromatic scales such as E-flat and H-flat with this 5-hole shakuhachi, about 3/4 of the first hole and the fourth hole are blocked with fingers (hereinafter referred to as "half-open"). In addition, he moved his lips a little closer to the mouth and pulled his chin (hereinafter referred to as "Meri") to adjust the angle at which he breathed in from the mouth.

However, since the semitones in the first hole and the fourth hole are produced by opening the fingerholes in the half-opened state as described above, the volume of the semitones is smaller than the sound produced when the other fingerholes are fully opened. There was a problem that it would become.

Further, it is difficult for an unskilled person to perform the scale accurately because a great deal of training is required to perform the merit accurately.

In order to solve such a problem, a 7-hole shakuhachi as shown in FIG. 2 was developed. This 7-hole shakuhachi is for the right-handed performer, and the second hole 2 is in front of the tube.
Four finger holes of 4, 4, 3rd hole 25, 4th hole 26, and 6th hole 28 are aligned and drilled from the pipe butt 21 side toward the mouth 22 direction, and are also the 2nd hole in FIG. The first hole 23 is formed on the lower left side of 24, the fifth hole 27 is formed on the lower left side of the sixth hole 28, and the seventh hole 2 is formed on the rear surface of the pipe.
9 is perforated.

This 7-hole shakuhachi accurately produces chromatic scales such as E-flat and H-flat, which were difficult to be accurately pronounced with the above-mentioned 5-hole shakuhachi, and its volume is not small and is appropriate. It is possible to obtain a loud volume. That is, semitones such as the D flat and the H flat can be generated by opening the finger hole halfway or by opening the first hole and the fifth hole fully without performing merging.

[0008]

However, the above-mentioned 7
Since Koanahachi can accurately produce chromatic scales such as E-flat and H-flat, there is a problem that it is not possible to express the "fluctuation" of the unique pitch that 5 Koakuhachi has. is there.

In other words, the "fluctuation" of the scale is indispensable for classical music and shakuhachi music (Zen music) played by shakuhachi, and in fact, 7 hole shakuhachi is played in comparison with 5 hole shakuhachi. It has a low reputation from an art point of view and tends to be shunned by experts.

Further, the 7-hole shakuhachi and the 5-hole shakuhachi have different finger holes. Therefore, even if a player who masters finger use of the 7-hole shakuhachi tries to play the 5-hole shakuhachi, the 5-hole shakuhachi is There was a problem that I had to re-learn the finger usage of. In addition, the 7-hole shakuhachi has a problem that it cannot be used by both right-handed players and left-handed players.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention enables the expression of "fluctuation" of the five-hole shakuhachi, and can accurately and easily pronounce chromatic scales such as E-flat and H-flat without using meli. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shakuhachi with 5 holes.

[0012]

According to the five-hole shakuhachi of the present invention, the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole are drilled closer to the mouthpiece direction than the reference position, and the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole are formed. It is characterized in that an inclined portion is provided on the edge of the finger hole on the tube surface side, and the first hole and the fourth hole are enlarged toward the tube butt direction on the tube surface side.

Further, in the 5-hole shakuhachi of the present invention, the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole are drilled at the reference positions, and the inclined portions are formed on the edges of the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole on the tube surface side. Is provided, the first hole and the fourth hole are enlarged toward the pipe bottom direction on the pipe surface side, and an inclined portion is provided at the edge of the finger hole of the first hole and the fourth hole on the pipe inner wall surface side. It is characterized in that the 1st hole and the 4th hole are enlarged toward the mouthpiece direction on the inner wall surface side of the tube.

[0014]

On the tube surface side, the edges of the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole in the tube butt direction are provided with an inclination, and the first hole and the fourth hole are enlarged toward the tube butt direction to expand the finger holes. By closing the parts other than the inclined part with fingers, it is possible to easily generate semitones with an appropriate volume without using meli. Further, in the case of fully closed, the finger hole is easily closed by the inclined portion of the edge.

Further, the pitch of the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole is slightly increased by sloping the edges of the finger holes in the tube butt direction and expanding the first hole and the fourth hole toward the tube butt direction. In order to prevent it from dropping, the first hole and the fourth hole
Proper pitch can be obtained by punching the finger holes of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi closer to the mouthpiece direction than the reference positions of these finger holes, or by providing an inclined portion on the inner wall surface side of the tube.

[0016]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The 5-hole shakuhachi according to the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 3 shows the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the hole shakuhachi, and FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the hole shakuhachi 5 of FIG.

Reference numeral 3 indicates a pipe end 31 at the lower end and a mouthpiece 32 at the upper end.
In the front surface of the tube, four finger holes of the first hole 41, the second hole 42, the third hole 43, and the fourth hole 44 are aligned and drilled from the rear side of the tube in the direction of the mouth, Is a five-hole shakuhachi consisting of a tube 30 with a fifth hole 45 drilled.

The first hole 41 and the fourth hole 44 are formed closer to the mouth end 32 than the reference positions of the first hole and the fourth hole of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi. That is, the alternate long and short dash line shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 shows the hole reference position 48 of the first hole and the hole reference position 49 of the fourth hole of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi, and the first hole is closer to the mouthpiece direction. It can be seen that 41 and the fourth hole 44 are located.

Further, inclined portions 46 and 47 are provided on the edges of the finger holes of the first hole 41 and the fourth hole 44 on the tube surface 34 side, and the first hole 41 and the fourth hole 44 are provided on the tube surface 34 side. Ass 3
Expand toward one direction.

If the inclination angles of the inclined portions 46 and 47 with respect to the tube surface 34 are too large, it is difficult to fully close the finger holes. That is, when fully closing the finger hole as shown in FIG.
It is preferable not to give a too strong inclination angle so that it can be easily closed by the fingertip. In addition, the pipe surface 3 of the inclined portions 46 and 47
If the angle of inclination with respect to 4 is too small, it will be difficult to bring it into a half-open state. That is, if the tilt angle is too small, the gap between the finger and the tilted part that blocks the part other than the tilted part becomes small, and it is not possible to secure a predetermined opening area for semitone generation. Therefore, it is preferable not to give a tilt angle that is too small.

(Embodiment 2) Hereinafter, a 5-hole shakuhachi according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the vertical cross section of the 5-hole shakuhachi of this embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 7.

Reference numeral 60 is a first hole, which is formed at the reference position of the first hole of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi. The first hole 60 is provided with an inclined portion 61 at the edge in the tube bottom direction on the tube surface 63 side, and an inclined portion 62 at the edge in the song mouth direction on the inner wall surface 64 of the tube.
Is provided. The fourth hole is also constructed in the same manner as the first hole. That is, the fourth hole is drilled at the reference position of the fourth hole of the conventional five-hole shakuhachi, the inclined portion is provided at the edge in the pipe bottom direction on the pipe surface 63 side, and the edge in the song mouth direction is formed on the inner surface of the pipe. Also, an inclined portion is provided.

As in the first embodiment, if the inclination angle of the inclined portion 61 with respect to the tube surface 63 is too large, it is difficult to fully close the finger hole. That is, it is preferable not to give a too strong inclination angle so that the fingertip can be easily closed when the finger hole is fully closed. Further, if the inclination angle of the inclined portion 61 with respect to the tube surface 63 is too small, it will be difficult to bring it into a half open state. That is, the gap between the finger and the slanted part that blocks the part other than the slanted part becomes small, and a predetermined opening area for semitone generation cannot be secured. Therefore, it is preferable not to make the tilt angle too small.

In each of the above embodiments, the first hole and the fourth hole
When the holes are fully closed, each finger hole and the inclined portion provided in the finger hole may be lightly held by a finger. Further, when the first hole and the fourth hole are half-opened, if a part other than the inclined portion provided in each finger hole is covered with a finger, a semitone having an appropriate volume can be easily generated without using a meli.

Further, the pitch (pitch) lowering due to the provision of the inclined portion is the same as that in the first embodiment.
The finger holes of the holes are bored closer to the mouthpiece direction than the reference positions of these finger holes of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi, or the second embodiment described above.
This is prevented by providing an inclined portion on the inner wall surface side of the pipe as described above.

According to the second embodiment, the finger holes can be provided at the reference positions of the first hole and the fourth hole of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi, so that a player familiar with the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi can do it. Even if there is, there is almost no discomfort when playing.

[0027]

According to the 5-hole shakuhachi of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a semitone by slightly moving the finger without the need to perform any melody.

Furthermore, since the five-hole shakuhachi of the present invention can obtain a sufficient opening area even when producing a semitone, it is possible to obtain a volume equivalent to that of a sound played with the other finger holes fully opened. .

Furthermore, since the 5-hole shakuhachi of the present invention can adjust the closed state of the finger holes as compared with the conventional 7-hole shakuhachi, the "fluctuation" of the scale is expressed in the same manner as the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi. be able to.

Further, the 5-hole shakuhachi of the present invention can be played with the same fingering as that of the conventional 5-hole shakuhachi.
In addition, the present invention can be used by both right-handed players and left-handed players.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a conventional 5-hole shakuhachi.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a conventional 7-hole shakuhachi.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the 5-hole shakuhachi of Example 1,

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the 5-hole shakuhachi of FIG.

5 is a partially enlarged view of a vertical cross section near the first hole 41 of the five-hole shakuhachi of FIG. 3, showing a state in which the finger holes of the first holes are fully closed with fingertips.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a vertical cross section in the vicinity of the first hole 41 of the five-hole shakuhachi in FIG. 3, showing a state in which the finger hole of the first hole is half-opened with a fingertip.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a vertical cross section of a 5-hole shakuhachi of Example 2.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Conventional 5 hole shakuhachi 2 Conventional normal (right-handed) performer 7 hole shakuhachi 3 5 hole shakuhachi 6 of Example 1 5 hole shakuhachi 10 tube 11 tube ass 12 song mouth 13 No. 13 1 hole 14 2nd hole 15 3rd hole 16 4th hole 17 5th hole 20 pipe 21 pipe bottom 22 song mouth 23 1st hole 24 2nd hole 25 3rd hole 26 4th hole 27 5th hole 28 6th hole 29 7th hole 30 Tube 31 Tube end 32 Singing mouth 33 Inner hole 34 Tube surface 35 Tube inner wall 41 First hole 42 Second hole 43 Third hole 44 Fourth hole 45 Fifth hole 46 Slope 47 Slope 48 Conventional 5 hole shakuhachi 1st hole position 49 conventional 5 hole shakuhachi 4th hole position 60 1st hole 61 pipe surface side inclined part 62 pipe inner wall side inclined part 63 pipe surface 64 pipe inner wall

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. In the 5-hole shakuhachi, the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole are punched closer to the mouthpiece direction than the reference position,
A five-hole shakuhachi characterized in that an inclined portion is provided on the edge of the finger hole of the hole and the fourth hole on the tube surface side, and the first hole and the fourth hole are enlarged toward the tube butt direction on the tube surface side. 2. In the 5-hole shakuhachi, the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole are drilled at a reference position, and an inclined portion is provided at the edge of the finger holes of the first hole and the fourth hole on the tube surface side. , The first hole and the fourth hole are enlarged toward the pipe bottom direction on the pipe surface side, and an inclined portion is provided at the edge of the finger hole of the first hole and the fourth hole on the pipe inner wall surface side. Also, the five-hole shakuhachi is characterized in that the fourth hole is enlarged toward the mouthpiece side on the inner wall surface side of the pipe.