JP3117417U - Shakuhachi style flute with western scale style eight holes, Shinobue style flute - Google Patents

Abstract

A shakuhachi-style flute with an eight-hole tune corresponding to a Western scale with an eight-hole correspondence corresponding to Doremifasolaside with a desired tune based on an equal temperament or a pure temperament or a Pythagorean temperament that can be freely modulated. Flute flute.
By forming a sword of a vertical whistle or a side of a flute and length L from the singer to the end of the tube bottom, based on the temperament of the Western scale, that is, the temperament or the pure temperament or the Pythagorean temperament, Similarly, the eight sound holes are arranged at a predetermined pitch based on the Western scale temperament, that is, the equal temperament, the pure temperament, or the Pythagorean temperament. It is possible to freely transpose and transpose by developing a shakuhachi flute and shino flute-like flute corresponding to the eight holes corresponding to the doremifasolaside of the tone.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention forms a flute or a flute singer, determines the length L from the singer to the end of the pipe to the required key, and sets the eight sound holes to a predetermined pitch. It relates to the shakuhachi flute and shino flute flute.

  Traditionally, flute such as shakuhachi palm flute and cana were made. In all cases, there were six or seven sound holes. In the case of seven holes, a technique for a horizontal flute that forms the position of the seven holes from the partition wall with a numerical value after the decimal point is also disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-132253). However, in this whistle, the volume is determined from the partition wall, but since it is displaced from the singing mouth, an error is generated accordingly, and the pitch is different. The technology of wind instruments made of bamboo is also disclosed, but this wind instrument is also a seven-hole instrument (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-234670). As for the technology disclosed for the shakuhachi, finger holes are formed in the five holes (registered utility models 3090632 and 3020515). In this way, the length of the whistle is first determined, and eight sound holes are determined based on this length, and the Doremifasolaside of the desired tone based on the equal temperament or pure temperament or Pythagoras temperament. There seems to be no shakuhachi-style flute corresponding to No. 8 and flute-like flute. Also, there seems to be no disclosure of technology regarding the length of whistle tubes.

  Traditionally, whiskers such as shakuhachi palms and canna have been made, but all have six or seven sound holes, making it difficult to transpose freely. There is no whistle with an 8-hole equivalent to Doremifasolaside of the desired tone based on the equal temperament or pure temperament or Pythagoras temperament that can be freely modulated, so the eight-shaft shakuhachi corresponding to the Western scale A wind flute, a flute-like flute, was developed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.

  The present invention forms a sword of a flute or a side flute, and the length L from the singer to the end of the tube butt is based on the temperament of the Western scale, that is, the temperament or the pure temperament or the Pythagorean temperament, Similarly, the eight sound holes are arranged at a predetermined pitch based on the Western scale temperament, that is, the equal temperament, the pure temperament, or the Pythagorean temperament. By developing a shakuhachi-style flute corresponding to an eight-hole Doremifasolaside, and a flute-like flute, it is possible to freely transpose and transpose the above-mentioned problems.

  The following effects can be expected. By using the eighth sound hole as the back hole on the singing side and adding a sound hole that is a semitone higher than the length ratio of 1/2, it becomes easier to produce a sound that is two to three octaves high. In addition, because of the eight holes, it is smooth to respond to songs with a fast tempo. Next, ensembles with other instruments based on the Western scale are possible. The flute has historically been a whistle, which is different from the shakuhachi flute, but it has the meaning of creating such an atmosphere and the shakuhachi flute with the singing of a shakuhachi in the wind (Or may be called “shakuhachi style recorder” because it is a fresh whistle), “shino whistle-style flute” with a singing-style flute, etc. There is also an effect. Furthermore, it is possible to transpose and transpose from six to seven tones, including minor keys.

The length L from the singing lip to the tube butt end is calculated from L = V / (2 × F), where V is the speed of sound, F is the average key, pure temperament or Pythagoras temperament. The frequency. When the length L determined by tuning according to the calculated value is set to a ratio of 1, the edge of the singer is 0 for the vertical whistle, and the center of the singer is 0 for the horizontal whistle, the positions of the seven sound holes are The length ratio is one of the following temperament length ratios corresponding to the temperament and the key frequency F selected above, and the average temperament is 1/2, 1 / (2 ^11/12 ), 1 / ( 2 ^9/12 ), 1 / (2 ^7/12 ), 1 / (2 ^5/12 ), 1 / (2 ^4/12 ), 1 / (2 ^2/12 ), or 1/2 as a pure temperament , 8/15, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 8/9, or Pythagoras as 1/2, 128/243, 16/27, 2/3, 3/4, The ratio is set according to 64/81 or 8/9. Furthermore, a sound hole that is a semitone higher than a length ratio of 1/2 is added as a back hole to the singing side to form a total of eight sound holes. According to the diameter, inner diameter and shape of the whistle material, the sound holes are adjusted and formed in the desired tone by adjusting to the Doremifasolaside of the desired tone. Each sound hole has a minimum diameter of about 5 mm and a maximum of about 12 mm.

An embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In FIG. 1, a vertical flute-type shakuhachi flute 11 having a length L between a tube bottom end 9 and a singing mouth 10 is shown in which a back hole 1 and sound holes 2 to 8 are arranged. The length L from the singing mouth 10 to the tube butt end 9 is calculated from L = V / (2 × F), where V is the speed of sound and F is the equal temperament (partly shown in FIG. 5) or pure temperament. Or the frequency of the selected key of Pythagorean temperament. When the length L determined by tuning according to the calculated value is a ratio 1, the edge of the singer is 0 for a fresh whistle, and the center of the singer is 0 for a horizontal whistle, seven sound holes (2 8) The length ratio of the positions is the length ratio of any of the following temperaments corresponding to the temperament and the key frequency F selected above, and the average temperament is 1/2, 1 / (2 ^11/12 ), 1 / (2 ^9/12 ), 1 / (2 ^7/12 ), 1 / (2 ^5/12 ), 1 / (2 ^4/12 ), 1 / (2 ^2/12 ), or pure law As 1/2, 8/15, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 8/9, or Pythagoras as 1/2, 128/243, 16/27, 2/3 The ratio is set in accordance with 3/4, 64/81, 8/9. Further, a sound hole 1 that is a semitone higher than the length ratio 1/2 is added as a back hole 1 to the singing mouth 10 side, so that a total of eight sound holes are formed. The shakuhachi flute 11 is configured by adjusting and forming eight sound holes (1 to 8) by tuning into a desired tone of doremifasolacide according to the diameter, inner diameter and shape of the whistle material. The shakuhachi of the shakuhachi flute 11 is shown in FIG. By providing the sound hole 1, as shown in FIG. 6, when a high sound of 2 octaves or more is output, opening the sound hole 1 slightly has an effect of easily generating a high sound. FIG. 6 shows the same fingering as the recorder.

  FIG. 2 shows a flute-type flute 12 of a horizontal flute type having a different singing mouth 10 from FIG. FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the singing part of the shinobue flute 12. The distance U from the end of the plug 13 to the center of the singing lip is calculated from the inner diameter di × (1/2 to 2/3), and at least a distance of 1 mm or more is separated from the singing end to the end of the plug.

  7 and 8 show a type in which the head tube 14 and the main body 15 having a sound hole can be slide-adjusted. This is a function for tuning so that it can be matched with other musical instruments. In FIG. 7, a protrusion and a groove are formed, and both are fitted after sliding, and the position can be maintained. FIG. 8 shows an example in which a groove is carved in or on either the head tube 14 side or the sound hole main body 15 or a 0-ring 16 made of rubber is used without a groove. The friction force between the head tube 14 and the main body 15 having the sound hole is increased by the elasticity of the used 0-ring, and the position is easily maintained. 7 and 8 preferably have a holding force that does not move by jaw or breath pressure.

  It can be used in the wind instrument field. A shakuhachi flute can be used as a flute, and a flute flute can be used as a flute. In addition, although the introduction of Japanese musical instruments is advocated in the school's study guidance guidelines, both can be played with fingering similar to that of a recorder, so it is greatly used as a replacement for shakuhachi palm flute in school music education sites. it can. Since it is a Western scale, it can be used for ensembles with other instruments.

1 shows a front view of a vertical flute-type shakuhachi flute that is one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a front view of a flute-like flute of a weft flute type that is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. A front view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a shakuhachi flute singer are shown. A cross-sectional view of a singing whistle flute singer is shown. The table of the frequency (equal temperament) of each key is shown. A comparison chart of fingering chart and shakuhachi wind flute is shown. Sectional drawing of the slide type example of a shinobue flute is shown. Sectional drawing of another example of a slide-type flute-like flute is shown.

Explanation of symbols

1 Back hole as sound hole 2 Sound hole No. 1 2
3 Sound hole no. 3
4 Sound hole no. 4
5 Sound hole no. 5
6 Sound hole no. 6
7 Sound hole no. 7
8 Sound hole no. 8
9 Pipe end 10 Song mouth 11 Shakuhachi flute 12 Shino flute flute 13 Plug 14 Head tube 15 Body 160 with sound hole 0 Ring

Claims (1)

In a whistle that forms a sword of a vertical whistle or a horizontal whistle, determines the length L from this singer to the end of the tube in accordance with a required predetermined tone, and arranges eight sound holes at a predetermined pitch The length L from the singing lip to the tube butt end is calculated from L = V / (2 × F), where V is the speed of sound, F is the temperament or pure temperament or Pythagoras temperament. When the length L determined by tuning to the key selected according to the calculated value is set to 1, the edge of the singing singer is 0 for the vertical whistle, and the center of the singing is 0 for the horizontal whistle. The length ratio of the seven sound hole positions is one of the following temperament length ratios corresponding to the temperament and key frequency F selected above, and the average temperament is 1/2, 1 / (2 ^11/12), 1 ^{/ (2 9/12),} 1 / (2 7/12), 1 ^{/ (2 5/12),} 1 / (2 4/12), ^{1 / (2 2/12} Or 1/2, 8/15, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 8/9 as pure temperament, or 1/2, 128/243, 16/27 as Pythagoras 2/3, 3/4, 64/81, 8/9 ratios are set, and a singing hole is added to the singing side as a back hole that is a semitone higher than the length ratio of 1/2. Eight places are formed, and according to the diameter, inner diameter and shape of the whistle material, it is tuned to the desired tone of Doremifasolaside, and each sound hole has a minimum diameter of about 5 mm and a maximum of about 12 mm. A shakuhachi flute with a western scale-type eight-hole and a flute-like flute based on the above-mentioned equal temperament or pure temperament or Pythagoras temperament, wherein holes are adjusted and formed.

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