JP2678626B2 - Load equipment operating method and power consumption monitoring method - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to load equipment in which a plurality of devices (load devices) are systematically provided in series and operated by electric power, wherein the electric power is commercial power / high voltage. (A) (Contracted power 50Kw or more ~ 500K
less than w).

2. Description of the Related Art Reducing electricity charges is an important issue for load equipment that combines many load devices that operate on electricity.

The current electricity charges for commercial power and high voltage (A) are basically calculated as follows.

Total electricity rate = basic rate x usage rate x 1.05 basic rate = general rate x contracted power + special rate x contracted rate usage rate = [power usage x electricity rate (general) x contracted rate (general) / contracted electricity] + [ Electric power used × Electric power charge (special) × Contracted electric power (special) / contracted electric power] However, the amount of electric power used is (Kw).

The contracted power is to be decided according to the following principle according to the "actual value contract method".

That is, the maximum value of the electric power (1 hour value) of the month is set as "maximum demand power", and it is automatically updated every month based on the actually measured "maximum demand power". , The largest value of the maximum power demand in the past year including the month.

Therefore, if the load equipment subject to the contract consumes the electric power prominently for a certain hour, the “maximum demand power” becomes the contract electric power for the next one year. This contract power may be renewed after this, but it will not be lowered. On the contrary, it is important to suppress the "maximum power demand" of the load equipment covered by the contract as low as possible in order to control the electricity charges.

However, looking at conventional load equipment, even if so-called energy-saving measures such as reducing the total power demand and stopping the operation of load devices related to processes that become unnecessary due to operating conditions are taken, We can't find a way to keep the "power" low.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention provides a method for operating load equipment and a method for monitoring power consumption, in which "maximum power demand" in load equipment is maintained at a necessary minimum and the entire equipment can be operated efficiently. It is an issue.

Means for Solving the Problem Operating method of load equipment; Organize load equipment into a series of processes that are functionally independent and have an order.

For each process, separate the load devices that need to be operated simultaneously to form a system.

A value that approximates the maximum power consumption per unit time required by each system and does not fall below this is defined as the power consumption limit per single time.

A series of steps having the above sequence is maintained, and the operation of the system is combined within the range of the power consumption limit.

Power consumption monitoring method: Similar to the above method, the power consumption limit is determined from the power consumption of the separated system.

The power consumption limit is compared with the expected power consumption of the load equipment within the current unit time limit, and when the expected power consumption exceeds the power consumption limit, the system is divided into units based on the operating status of the load equipment. As an instruction to stop the operation.

Operation method of work load equipment; Each process is further separated into a system, and the maximum power consumption is reduced by the configuration that determines the power consumption limit from the power consumption.

A configuration that maintains a series of steps having a sequence and creates a combination of operating systems enables efficient operation of the entire facility.

Power consumption monitoring method: Monitoring is performed so that the above operating method is achieved.

According to the operating status of the load equipment, the configuration of instructing the operation stop for each system enables the load equipment to operate efficiently within the consumption limit.

Example FIG. 1 shows a grain drying plant as a load facility.

This plant is composed of load devices described in the order of work.

The paddy (moisture content of about 25%) stretched over the cargo receiving hopper 1 is conveyed to the rough sorter 4 by the conveyor belt 2 and the elevator 3 for the rough sorter, and is mixed with the rough rice using the wind force from the blower 5. Are removed.

The paddy weighed by the load receiving and weighing machine 6 is a lifting elevator 7, 2
It is stored in the first dry storage and the second dry storage 17 via the mouth switching valve 8, the twelfth moving belt conveyor 9 and the second moving belt conveyor 16.

The paddy of the first and second dry storages 10 and 17 is circulated through the first and second receiving conveyors 11, the second receiving conveyor 18 and the rotation elevator 14 arranged at the bottom of these storages, It is preliminarily dried by hot dry air from the heater 12 and the blower fan 13.

The paddy in the first and second dry storages 10 and 17 is provided with a two-port switching valve 8 from the first receiving conveyor 11 and the second receiving conveyor 18.
It is transferred to the take-out elevator 15 by switching 8 and is put into the dryer 20 via the dryer elevator 19. In the dryer 20, the moisture of the paddy is finally adjusted (about 14.5%) continuously by the blower 21 and the hot air generating furnace 22. Then, the moisture-adjusted paddy is stored in the preparation tank 25 via the relay elevator 23 and the third moving belt conveyor 24. Below the preparation tank 25, a belt conveyor 27 for drying and a conveyor 28 for taking out are arranged, and the paddy is discharged to one of the conveyors by a switching valve 26. The paddy discharged to the drying belt conveyor 27 is returned to the dryer 20 again and circulated.

By the switching valve 26, the paddy discharged onto the third receiving conveyor 28 is fed into the preparation device 30 via the elevator 29 for the preparation machine. The preparation device 30 is a paddy learning machine 31, a paddy / brown rice sorting machine 3
2. It consists of a grain sorter 33, a platform scale 34, etc., and uses the grain of which the moisture has been adjusted as brown rice to perform grain sorting for shipping.

Then, the selected brown rice is put into the weighing tank 36 through the weighing tank lifter 35, and then is quantitatively packaged through the shipping weighing machine 37, and the bag mouth is sewn by the sewing machine.
It will be sewn together at 38 and shipped.

During this period, the operation of the entire drying plant is managed by a control device that incorporates a microcomputer. For example, management of cargo port data (input quantity, shipment quantity, product type, average water content by farmer, etc.), dry storages 10, 17 and preparation tanks. Selection of 25 (these are classified by water content, variety, etc.)
The automatic start and stop of the moving belt conveyor is monitored, or the drying temperature and the amount of paddy stored are monitored, and automatic control is performed to smoothly maintain the operation within the specified range.

Therefore, in addition to the above description, the plant is equipped with detours and circulators as well as various sensors such as a level sensor and a power meter provided for each system.

In addition, although all the load devices may operate in this plant, the receiving work is concentrated in a short morning and evening (about 2 hours), and the drying work and the preparation work are performed continuously. Any one of these tasks is preferred
In many cases, it is sufficient to perform only one work or two works, and the related equipment can be started and stopped according to the work.

In addition to the paddy, this device may be used for dry storage of wheat.

Now, in operating such a load facility, the present invention first organizes the operation of the plant on the basis of independent functions. Then, the operation of this plant is the "shipping storage process A", "dry storage process B", and "preparation and shipping process C". It should be noted that, as is clear from the above, these steps are a series of steps in which the order cannot be changed when processing the paddy.

Then, if each process is further started, for example, receiving goods,
The connection (system) of load devices that need to be operated at the same time is separated so that the device needs to operate until the paddy is stored in the dry storages 10, 18. That is, the "load receiving / storing step A" is from the load receiving hopper 1 to the conveyor 2, the roughing machine elevator 3, the roughing machine 4, the load receiving weighing machine 6, the stake elevator 7, the first and second moving conveyors 9, The system a1 is composed of 19, the first and second dry storages 10 and 17, and the first and second receiving conveyors 11 and 18, and the system a2 is composed of the heater 12 and the blower fan 13.

The "dry storage step B" is the first and second receiving conveyors 1
1,18, Elevator 15 for taking out, Elevator 19 for dryer, Dryer 2
0, a relay elevator 23, a third moving belt conveyor 24, a preparation tank 25, and a belt conveyor 27 for drying 27.

The "preparation and shipping step C" is performed from the third receiving conveyor 28, the elevator 29 for the preparation machine, and the system c1 of the preparation device 30, the elevator 35 for the weighing tank, the weighing tank 36, the shipping weighing machine 37, and the bag mouth sewing machine 38. It is separated into the line c2.

Next, the hourly power consumption required to operate each system (a1, a3, b1, c1, c2) is calculated or obtained by experiments. In the example plant, a1 = 42, a2
= 45, b1 = 36, c1 = 17, c2 = 6 (kw each). Therefore, process A = 87, process B = 36, process C = 23 (each kw)
It is.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, each of the steps A, B, C is operated by an operator's manual operation, and stopped by a command from the controller provided in the plant.

Summarizing the above, operation modes of processes A, B, C, and processes A, B, C,
And the relationship between the system (a1, a2, b1, c1, c2) is the second
It looks like the figure.

Here, in this embodiment, the power consumption limit per hour as the plant is set to 90 (kw) in order to save the power charge by the above-mentioned "actual value contract method". 90
(Kw) is set to a value that is close to 87 (kw), which is the maximum power consumption required for the process A in one hour, and that is not below this value. The 1 hour is 1 hour as a unit time.

It should be noted that whether or not the power consumption amount per hour exceeds the limit power amount is within a one-hour range based on time (hereinafter referred to as a time limit). That is, for example, one hour between 1 o'clock and 2 o'clock should be taken into consideration, and an hour between 1:30 and 2:30 in the middle is meaningless. In addition, regarding the calculation method of the "actual value contract method", the power consumption until then is reduced to 0 when the time limit is exceeded. On the contrary, when the operation mode changes within the same time period, it should be judged whether or not the power consumption by the previous operation mode is added to the expected power amount within the time period by the current operation mode to exceed.

Now, in the table of FIG. 2, [1] [2] of the plant
In the operation mode shown in [3], each of the processes A, B, and C is operating independently, so the maximum power consumption per hour is 87 (kw) in the case of the process A. The power consumption limit is not exceeded and no problem occurs.

In the case of the operation mode [4], since the process A and the process B are operated at the same time, the maximum power consumption per hour is 113 (kw)
Therefore, the excess 33 (kw) will be reduced (74% reduction) from the power supplied to the system a2 (air blowing related to preliminary drying). Specifically, the operations of the plurality of heaters 12 and the blower fans 13 are intermittently reduced, but various means such as uniformly reducing these capabilities or selectively operating them are conceivable.

In the case of the operation mode (5), the total amount of power consumption per hour of the processes B and C is 59 (kw) and does not exceed 90 (kw), so there is no problem regarding the power consumption limit.

In the case of the operation mode [6], the maximum power consumption per hour may exceed 20 (kw). Therefore, as in the case of the operation mode [4], this is reduced from the power supplied to the grid a2 (44 % Decrease).

In the case of the operation mode [7], since the processes A, B, and C are operated at the same time, 59 (kw) may be exceeded per hour.
Since this value cannot be absorbed by the reduction of the power supply of the system a2, it is unavoidable that the operation of any step is stopped. In this case, stopping the process A is not preferable from the standpoint of the work sequence, while the process B is stopped in the dry storage container 10,17.
It is possible to stop if there is room for accommodation,
Similarly, the process C can be stopped if the preparation tank 25 has a storage capacity. Therefore, when the process B is stopped, it becomes the same as the above-mentioned operation mode [6], and when the process C is stopped, it becomes the same as [4], and the power consumption per hour is the set power consumption limit. It does not exceed. In this embodiment, the operation of process B is prioritized.

Such a method is executed by the controller in the following flow.

Since steps A, B and C are manually operated as described above, this flow is repeated every time there is some manual operation.

After the start, first, it is judged whether or not this operation is within the same time period as the previous time (S1), and if the time period is the same, after setting F (flag) = 1 (S2), the process A is activated. It is determined whether or not it is in progress (S3). Whether or not the processes A, B, and C are operating depends on the input from the power meter of the switchboard provided for each process. If the process A is not operating, in the case of [2], [3], and [5] in the table of FIG. 2, there is no problem regarding the power consumption limit as described above, so it is possible to have instructed by that time. The stop command for the processes A, B, C and the power supply reduction command for the system a2, which have a certain property, are released (S3), and the process ends with F = 0 (S5).

If the process A is operating in the step (S3), it is determined whether or not the process B is continuously operating (S6). If the process B is not operating, the process proceeds to step (S7), and if the process B is operating (S12). Move to.

In step (S7), it is further determined whether or not the process C is operating. If not, [1] in the chart 2
In this case, there is no problem with the power consumption limit, so the process proceeds to step (S4) and ends. In this case, the process A stop release command in step (S4) is meaningless but does not impede the operation of the plant.

If step C is operating in step (S7), the second
Since it corresponds to [6] in the chart, the instruction is to reduce the power supply to the system a2. First, in step (S8), which is the calculation factor in step (S11), w ... total amount of power consumed by the plant at that time period, t ... elapsed time (minutes) within that time period, A, C ... After reading the power consumption per hour of processes A and C, in step (S9), F =
1. That is, it is determined whether the manual operation is within the same time period as the above, and if it is not the same time period, t = 0 and w = 0 are set in step (S10), and then the calculation in step (S11) is performed. . However, W ... Expected power consumption in that time period.

The total power consumption (w) is obtained by subtracting the value up to the previous time limit from the current value of the integrated power meter in the plant. Further, the time signal from the clock is used to determine whether or not the time is the same.

Then, the power supply to the system a2 is (W-90) × 100 /
A command to reduce 45 (%) is issued (S18), and the process ends.

In step (S6), if the process B operates,
Further, it is determined whether or not the process C is operating (S1
2). When the process C is not operating, it corresponds to [4] in Fig. 2 and after the power consumption of w, A, t and the process B is read, the process is performed in the steps (15) to (19). The same processing is performed from step (9) to step (19) of step (however, the power consumption of the process B is used instead of the power consumption of the process C), and the power supply to the system a2 is also reduced. A command is issued and F = 0 ends.

If the process C is operating in the step (S12), the power consumption limit will be exceeded without any calculation, and this cannot be absorbed by the power reduction of the system a2. It is decided which of C is to be stopped, and the operation of the process B is prioritized.

First, in step (S13), it is determined whether or not the dryer storage has a margin, and if there is a margin, a command to stop the process B is issued (S20). And in this case, Chart 2 [6]
Since it is the same as the case of (3), the procedure returns to step S8) and after the above processing, the processing ends. If there is no room in the dry storage, process B
Since it cannot be stopped, it is judged whether or not the preparation tank has a margin (S21), and if there is a margin, the process C is stopped (S22). Since this state corresponds to [4] in FIG. 2, the process returns to step (S14) and ends after the above processing. Further, when there is no room in the preparation tank, the process A cannot be stopped without stopping, that is, the load receiving hopper is closed for a while, and the introduction of the paddy is prohibited. Since the stop of the process A corresponds to [2], [3], and [5] in FIG. 2, the process returns to step (S4) and ends with F = 0.

The processing performed by the control device is as described above, but instead of automatically stopping each process of the plant in steps (S20), (22), and (23), for example, on the CRT screen of the control device, It is also possible to display a message such as "Stop process B." and confirm that the manual stop operation has been performed before proceeding to the next step. In addition, in the step (S18), even when the result reaches the step (S18), the power supply reduction command is not automatically issued.
Please reduce power consumption by 60%. It is also possible to display a message such as "and have the operation manually. The control unit automatically calculates and displays from the flow described above according to the operation status of the plant described above by the control device. Then, in this case as well, a separate signal for confirming the execution shifts to the next step and ends.

In this manner, the message (instruction) to be taken by the operator can be issued every time the manual operation is performed, and the power consumption can be monitored.

Above, we have taken a grain drying plant as load equipment, and explained the excess of expected power consumption with a simple example of reducing the power supply of one system (a2) and stopping either process B or C. However, the present invention is applicable to general load devices having many adjustable systems and processes.

In addition, the time limit of the set power consumption limit is set to 1 hour according to the current situation, but this time is a unit, and since the calculation method of the electricity charge changes, the time unit may be other than 1 hour, In the method of the present invention, substantially, this one hour may be a predetermined unit time.

According to the operating method of the present invention, the power consumption of the load equipment does not exceed the set power consumption limit, and
This power consumption limit can be set to a relatively low value by suppressing the power consumption of the plant, so the "maximum power demand" in the "actual value contract method" will be small, and a large power reduction can be achieved. it can.

According to the power consumption monitoring method of the present invention, the "maximum power demand" can be kept low only by moving the load equipment according to a message displayed on the display, for example.

All without disturbing the sequence of steps with order,
Further, the load equipment is operated efficiently because the operation is maintained as much as possible within the set power consumption limit range.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a work flow chart of a grain drying plant showing each device in the order of work, FIG. 2 is a table showing operating modes, and FIG. 3 is a processing flow in a control device. 1 ... cargo receiving hopper, 4 ... coarse selection machine, 6 ... cargo receiving weighing machine, 10 ... first dry storage, 17 ... second dry storage, 20
...... Dryer, 25 …… Preparation tank, 30 …… Preparation device, 36…
… Weighing tank, 37… Shipping weighing machine.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. The load equipment is functionally independent of each other,
In addition, the power consumption per unit time required by each process is organized into a series of processes that have an order, and each process is separated into the connection of load devices that need to be operated at the same time A value close to or less than the maximum value of the amount is defined as the power consumption limit per unit time, and within the range of the power limit, and maintaining a series of steps having the order, A method of operating load equipment characterized by combining the operating system and the operating rate. 2. The load equipment is functionally independent of each other,
In addition, the power consumption per unit time required by each process is organized into a series of processes that have an order, and each process is separated into the connection of load devices that need to be operated at the same time A value that does not fall below this close to the maximum amount is defined as the power consumption limit per unit time, and the power consumption limit is compared with the expected power consumption of the load facility within the current unit time period, A power consumption monitoring method for a load facility, wherein when the expected power consumption exceeds the power consumption limit, an instruction is given to change / stop the operating rate in units of the system according to the operating status of the load facility.