JP2677821B2 - V-shaped grooving machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a V-shaped groove processing machine.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when bending a plate material, in order to further reduce the bending radius of the bent portion, for example, a groove having a V-shaped cross section with a shaper or a plano mirror is formed in the bent portion of the plate material. Is being formed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional V-shaped groove processing by a general-purpose machine such as a shaper or a plano mirror, it is necessary to start the cutting in the middle of the plate material or to stop the cutting in the middle of the plate material. However, there is a problem that the processing range is limited.

Further, in the processing of the V-shaped groove by the conventional general-purpose machine, there is a problem that it takes a lot of time to set the plate material and the processing efficiency is poor.

Therefore, according to the present invention, along with the development of a dedicated machine for machining a V-shaped groove, by appropriately controlling the control method, it is possible to perform the V-shaped groove with high accuracy by starting the intermediate cutting or ending the intermediate cutting. It is an object of the present invention to provide a V-shaped groove processing machine that can be performed and is easily controlled.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In view of the conventional problems as described above, the present invention provides a work table that supports a plate material, and a work clamp that is movable in the front-rear direction while gripping the plate material. Device and a first servomotor for moving the work clamp device back and forth,
An X-axis carriage provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction above the work table; and a second servo motor for moving the X-axis carriage in the left-right direction.
A machining head having a cutting tool for machining a groove on the upper surface of the plate material and supported by the X-axis carriage so as to be vertically movable, a third servo motor for vertically moving the machining head, and each of the servos. In a V-shaped groove processing machine including a control device for controlling a motor, the control device includes a plate material thickness, a groove depth, a bit clearance angle, a feed rate, and a main cutting section of the groove depth. Based on the X coordinate, the X coordinate and Z coordinate of a first position which is diagonally above the starting point of the main cutting section and slightly higher than the upper surface of the plate material are calculated, and diagonally above the end point of the main cutting section and The cutting tool is provided with a computing unit for computing X and Z coordinates of a second position slightly higher than the upper surface of the plate material, and the cutting tool is moved from the first position to a second position through a starting point and an ending point with the same cutting speed. To move the second and third It is made of a configuration for controlling the servo motor.

(Operation) With the above configuration, when the plate thickness of the plate material, the groove depth, the bit clearance angle, the feed rate, and the X coordinate of the main cutting section of the groove depth are input to the control device, the first height slightly higher than the upper surface of the plate material is obtained. ,
The second position is calculated, and grooving is performed at a constant cutting speed.

(Embodiment) A V-shaped groove processing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention grips a plate material W as shown in FIG.
Work clamp device 33 positioned on 11 and carriage moved along the longitudinal direction of the work table 11.
45 and a cutting tool 39 which is moved up and down with respect to the carriage 45
And a cutting tool for the plate material W positioned by the work clamp device 33.
By driving the carriage 45 in a linear direction while keeping 39 at a constant height, the main cutting section A _M having a constant depth is machined, and the intermediate cutting start section A _S and the intermediate cutting end section A _P are processed as described above. By linearly interpolating the carriage 45 and the cutting tool 39 in two axes simultaneously, a V-shaped groove is formed in the plate material W by the start of intermediate cutting or the end of intermediate cutting.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the groove processing machine 1 used in the present embodiment includes a box-shaped lower frame 3 extending in the left-right direction (the front-back direction of the paper in FIG. 4) relatively long. The left and right side plates 5 are erected on both left and right sides of the lower frame 3. The upper part of the left and right side plates 5
They are integrally connected by the upper frame 7.

A work table is provided on the lower frame 3 for supporting a plate material W to be processed (not shown in FIGS. 2 to 4).
11 is attached, and this work table 11 has an auxiliary table 13 for supporting the plate material W of the work table 11.
Is installed.

Further, a plurality of brackets 15 are attached to the rear side of the lower frame 3 at appropriate intervals. A guide rail 19 extending to a position close to the work table 11 is laid on an upper portion of each bracket 15, and a plate material W is gripped on the guide rail 19 and positioned in the front-back direction (Y direction). A shaft positioning device is supported.

That is, a gear box 21 is disposed on each of two intermediate pedestals of the bracket 15, and a ball screw is provided between the gear box 21 and the front bearing 25.
27 is rotatably supported. A suitable connecting mechanism is incorporated in both gear boxes 21 so as to rotate both ball screws 27 in an interlocking manner. A sprocket 29 is fixed to the rear end of the ball screw 27 on the right side, and the sprocket 29 is rotatably connected to a servomotor M _Y fixed to the bracket 15 via a timing belt 31.

Further, a Y-axis carriage 35 having a plurality of work clamp devices 33 is supported on the guide rail 19 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. Further, below the carriage 35, a nut member 37 screwed with the ball screw 27 is attached.

Therefore, the servomotor M _Y is driven and the ball screw 27
The carriage 35 can be moved in the front-rear direction by rotating the carriage in an appropriate direction. In other words, the plate material W gripped by the work clamp device 33 can be positioned at an arbitrary position on the Y axis.

In order to form a V-shaped groove on the upper surface of the plate material W positioned by the Y-axis positioning device, the work table
A Z-axis and X-axis positioning device is provided above the position 11 so that the slider 41 provided with the cutting tool 39 can be adjusted in the vertical direction (Z direction) and can be moved in the horizontal direction.

More specifically, a guide rail 43 extending in the left-right direction is attached to the upper frame 7, and a cutting head 45 that supports the slider 41 movably up and down is supported on the guide rail 43. In order to move the cutting head 45 in the left-right direction, a ball screw 47 parallel to the guide rail 43 is provided between the left and right side plates 5. The ball screw 47 is a servo motor M (not shown).
A nut member (not shown) that is connected to _X via an appropriate connecting mechanism and is provided inside the cutting head 45 is screwed. Therefore, by driving the servo motor M _X , the nut provided inside the cutting head 45 can be rotated to move the cutting head 45 to any position at any speed.

Further, a servo motor M _Z is connected to the upper part of the slider 41 at an upper end thereof via a gear, and a middle part of the bearing member is fixed to the cutting head 45.
A ball screw 51 screwed to 49 is rotatably supported. Therefore, by driving the servo motor M _Z , the slider 41 having the cutting tool 39 at the lower end can be moved to any height at any speed.

In this embodiment, the cutting tools 39 are plural (five).
Of the cutting tool 53 and a cutting tool holder 55 for integrally connecting the cutting tools 53.
It is formed in the shape of a letter. Each of the cutting tools 53 is attached to a cutting tool holder 55 so as to be detachable and position-adjustable. In the present embodiment, when forming a V groove on the upper surface of the plate material W,
The rear side projects downward so that the subsequent bite cuts deeper than the preceding bite. Therefore, when the plate material W is grooved, the resistance acting on each bite 53 is small. Further, one stroke operation of the slider 41 can perform rough cutting to fine cutting.

After the positioning of the plate material W, a plate holding device 57 is provided below the upper frame 7 in order to firmly fix the plate material W to the work table 11. The plate holding device 57 is provided with a plate thickness detector St (see FIG. 5) which detects this operation and detects the thickness t of the plate W while the plate W is held down.

Therefore, the plate material W can be firmly fixed on the upper surface side of the work table 11 by operating the plate holding device 57 with, for example, a hydraulic cylinder and pressing the arm tip of the device 57 against the upper surface of the plate material W. Further, the plate thickness t can be detected while the plate material W is pressed.

In order to prevent the ball screw 47 from bending due to weight,
Normally, while supporting the ball screw 47 from below,
When the cutting head 45 passes, a plurality of screw support devices 59 are provided at appropriate intervals in the left-right direction so as to retract backward and avoid interference with the cutting head 45.

One end of a reverse concave knitting 61 having a horizontal portion higher than the height of the side plate 5 is attached to a side surface of the right side plate 5 of the groove processing machine 1 in such a manner that the arm 61 is rotatable by an allowable angle. At the other end, an operation panel 63 that is rotatable around a vertical axis by an allowable angle is provided. Therefore, the operation panel
63 can be moved left and right within an allowable range, and its operation surface can be oriented in a direction that is easy for the operator to see.

Referring to FIG. 5, the control device 65 is provided mainly with an NC device 67 having an arithmetic unit 67A inside thereof, and
The operation panel 63, drivers D _X , D _Y , D _Z for driving the motors M _X , M _Y , M _Z , and input / output interfaces 69, 71 are connected. Each motor M _X , M _Y , M _Z has a position detector E _X , E _Y , E _Z and a speed detector T G _X , T for detecting the operation result thereof.
G _Y and TG _Z are connected.

The plate thickness sensor St is connected to the input interface 69, and the solenoids SOL1, SOL2, SOL3 for operating the work clamp device 33 into three groups and operating them in a predetermined combination are connected to the output interface 71. ing.

With the above configuration, the NC device 67 has the servo motors M _X , M _Y , M _Z.
Drive the Y-axis carriage 35, cutting head 45,
The slider 41 can be controlled to any position at any speed. That is, the processing position of the plate material W gripped by the work clamp device 33 can be positioned immediately below the cutting tool 53 by driving the Y-axis carriage 35. Further, by driving the cutting head 45 and the slider 41, it is possible to move the cutting tool 53 in the X-axis direction while controlling the slider 41 to a predetermined height. In addition, the Y-axis carriage 35
It is possible to raise the bite 53 at the same time while moving the.

As shown in FIG. 6, the cutting of the cutting tool 53 into the middle cutting start section A _S is performed, for example, from a position P _A (X _A , Z _A ) 1 mm higher than the upper surface of the plate material W, the cutting angle θ = θ ₀ -3. ° (theta ₀ is the clearance angle of byte 53) the start point of the main cutting section a _M as P _B (X _B,
Start towards Z _B ). Further, it is assumed that the escape way in cutting ends sections A _P, to 1mm higher position than the upper surface of the plate material W bytes 53 as a starting point the end point P _C of the main cutting section A _M.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the cutting speed F is set to the main cutting section A in order to improve the finishing accuracy and protect the cutting tool 53.
_The same speed F is used for _M , the middle cutting start section A _S , and the middle cutting end section A _P.

As shown in the flow chart in FIG. 8, the NC device 67
In step 801, input the plate thickness tmm, groove depth dmm, tool clearance angle θ _0, feed rate F, X-coordinates X _B , X _C mm of the main cutting section A _M as user variables, and the calculation unit 67A calculates the step 80 Is executed to drive the motors M _X , M _Z toward the target points P _B , P _C , P _Z.

_{X A = X B - [(} d + 1) tan (90-θ) + 2F-7] to _{Z A = t + 1 X Z} = X C + F (d + 1) /3+0.7F+1 Z Z = t + 1 Here, the correction value for the speed F I added a byte
This is because 53 actually causes a deviation due to an operation delay with respect to the target locus, so that the start point P _B and the end point P _C of the main cutting section A _M are accurately set. However, the speed F _Z of the cutting tool 53 was set to 3 m / min for the convenience of the device.

Therefore, the desired processing shown in FIG. 6 can be performed by setting the target point as described above in accordance with the above condition input. Therefore, the user must set the bite clearance angle θ _0.
Without considering the adjustment due to
Accurate processing can be performed with easy input.

It should be noted that the linear interpolation shown in FIG. 6 is more advantageous when the control system of the XZ2 axis in FIG. 6 is compared with the circular interpolation. That is, in the example of circular arc interpolation, the circular arc radius must be determined according to the thickness of the plate material W, and it is difficult to control the speed in order to obtain a good finish.

 FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific control example.

In the illustrated example, when processing two V-shaped grooves from the point P ₂ to the point P ₄ and from the point P ₇ to the left end of the plate material W, the points P ₀ , P ₁ , P ₂ ... It is shown that the axes indicated by () may be sequentially controlled. That is, in this example, first, the point P
_The work clamp device 33 is moved in the Y-axis direction with respect to the cutting tool 53 located at ₀ . Next, the cutting tool 53 is lowered at the point P ₁ , and the X axis is also operated near the point P ₂ on the right side of the cutting start position to start the machining faster. Byte 53 is moved up to the vicinity of the point P ₄ while keeping a predetermined height, where for example, by performing a linear interpolation XZ2 axis shown in FIG. 6, the middle cutting after the end byte 53 in the vicinity of the point P ₄ To raise.

After that, linear interpolation of XY2 axes is performed from point P ₅ to point P ₆ to start cutting the next V-shaped groove on the way.
By controlling each axis in the order of ZX and XY, two V-shaped grooves, one of which is the end of the intermediate cutting and the other of which the middle cutting is started, are machined.

As described above, in the present example, by appropriately incorporating biaxial control such as XZ and XY, it is possible to start the mid-cut and end the mid-cut, and further improve the machining efficiency.

10 and 11 are explanatory views of specific processing examples.

As described above, in this example, it is possible to appropriately start and end the intermediate cutting, and therefore, as shown in FIG.
The V-shaped groove 75, which is the end of the middle cutting of the book, and the V-shaped groove 75, which is the start of the middle cutting of the book, are machined. Next, a cutting line is inserted in the middle of the adjacent V-shaped grooves 75 by a cutting machine (not shown),
Thereafter, as shown by the broken line, the tip portion 79 of the V-shaped groove 75 is punched by, for example, a punch press (not shown).
Finally, each V-shaped groove is bent by a bending machine (not shown).
By bending the cut parts respectively with respect to 75,
A product having a flange 81 such as a door frame or window frame as shown in FIG. 11 can be manufactured.

As described above, in the biaxial control method of the V-shaped groove processing machine of this example, since the intermediate cutting start section or the intermediate cutting end section is performed by linear interpolation in accordance with the linear control of the main cutting section, the speed at the bending point The fluctuation is minimized and the finish at the refraction point is good.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the cutting start point and the end point can be easily calculated by the approximate expression, so that the control thereof is easy.

Furthermore, since the cutting speed is the same at the inflection point, the speed fluctuation at the inflection point becomes smaller, and the finishing accuracy becomes better.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be implemented in other modes by making other appropriate design changes.

[Effects of the Invention] As will be understood from the above description of the embodiments, in the present invention, the first servomotor for moving the work clamp device 33 capable of gripping the plate material W back and forth, the X-axis carriage 45. A second servomotor for moving the workpiece in the X-axis direction, which is the left-right direction, and a third servomotor for vertically moving the machining head 41, which is supported by the X-axis carriage 45 so as to be vertically movable, and includes the cutting tool 53. A control device 65 for controlling is provided. The control device 65 has a plate thickness t of the plate material W, a groove depth d,
Based on the tool clearance angle, the feed rate F, and the X coordinate (X _B , X _C ) of the main cutting section A _{M with} the groove depth d, it is diagonally above the starting point P _B of the main cutting section A _M and of the plate material W. X-coordinate of slightly higher first position P _a from the upper surface, slightly higher second position P _Z than the upper surface of the obliquely upward at and plate material W of the end point P _C of the main cutting section a _M as well as calculating the Z-coordinate Of the first position P _A , the starting point P _B , the end point P _C , and the second position P _Z at the same cutting speed F.
Therefore, the second and third servomotors are controlled to move the bite 53.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the groove processing is started in the middle of the upper surface of the plate material W and the groove processing is ended in the middle, the plate thickness
By inputting t, the groove depth d, the bit clearance angle, and the X coordinates X _B , X _C of the main cutting section of the groove depth d into the control device 65,
The first and second positions P _A and P _Z are calculated, and cutting is performed at a constant cutting speed over the entire range.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily perform the groove processing from the middle of the upper surface of the plate material and finish the groove processing in the middle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a plan view and a front view of a V-shaped groove processing machine capable of implementing the present invention. Fig. 5 is a side view of the IV-IV cross section of Fig. 3;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a control device, FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams of a control method, FIG. 8 is a control flowchart, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a bite locus, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a processing example, FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a product example. 1 ...... grooving machine 11 ...... work table 33 ...... workpiece clamping device 35 ...... Y-axis carriage 39 ...... cutting tool 53 ...... byte 65 ...... controller 75 ...... V-shaped grooves 81 ...... flange M _X , M _Y , M _Z …… Servomotor W …… Plate X, Y, Z …… Axis P _A …… Cutting start point P _Z …… Cutting end point

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A work table (1) for supporting a plate (W).
1), a work clamp device (33) capable of gripping the plate material (W) and moving in the front-back direction, a first servomotor for moving the work clamp device (33) back and forth, and the work table. The X-axis carriage (45) provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction above the position (11), and the X-axis carriage (45).
A second servomotor for moving the shaft carriage (45) in the left-right direction, a bite (53) for making a groove on the upper surface of the plate material (W), and the X-axis carriage (4).
5) A processing head (41) supported so as to be movable up and down, a third servo motor for moving the processing head (41) up and down, and a control device (65) for controlling each of the servo motors. In the V-shaped groove processing machine provided with, the control device (65) includes a plate thickness (t) of the plate material (W), a groove depth (d), a bit clearance angle, a feed rate (F), and the above. Based on the X-coordinates (X _B , X _C ) of the main cutting section (A _M ) of the groove depth (d), it is diagonally above the starting point (P _B ) of the main cutting section (A _M ) and the plate material ( W) X coordinate of slightly higher first position than the upper surface (P _a), diagonally above and and the plate of the start point (P _C) of said main cutting section (a _M) as well as calculating the Z-coordinate of the (W) The first position is provided with a calculation unit (67A) for calculating the X coordinate and the Z coordinate of the second position (P _Z ) slightly higher than the upper surface.
From the position (P _A ) to the second position (P _Z ) through the starting point (P _B ) and the end point (P _C ) at the same cutting speed (F) to move the cutting tool (53). A V-shaped groove processing machine having a structure for controlling a third servomotor.