JP2674454B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus, and in particular, a plurality of performance pattern data can be freely combined and used regardless of their time signatures, whereby various automatic accompaniment can be performed. Regarding what you did.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an automatic accompaniment apparatus used in an electronic musical instrument or the like, an automatic accompaniment sound is generated by reading and reproducing accompaniment pattern data stored in advance in a memory in accordance with a desired tempo clock.

In such an automatic accompaniment apparatus, generally, a plurality of accompaniment parts, that is, a chord (chord) backing part (a chord part mainly in the middle range, which is played together with a melody sound so as to complement the melody sound). ), Memory for a plurality of types of performance pattern data (hereinafter, each performance pattern data for each accompaniment part is also referred to as a “part pattern”) corresponding to each of the bass part and the percussion instrument sound rhythm part. When performing automatic accompaniment, the user performs an operation of selecting a desired part pattern for each accompaniment part, and in accordance with this selection, the part patterns of the accompaniment parts are arranged in parallel (in parallel). ) Is read out and reproduced acoustically.

[0004]

However, if the accompaniment parts in the same performance progression part of the same music are not played in the same time signature (for example, 3 time signature, 4 time signature), the performance will be messed up. The part patterns of the accompaniment parts that can be combined with each other were limited to those with the same time signature. That is, when a part pattern of four beats is selected for a certain accompaniment part, it is necessary to select a part pattern of all four accompaniment parts.
For this reason, conventionally, the combination of part patterns that can be arbitrarily combined is considerably limited, and thus various automatic accompaniments that fully utilize the part patterns stored in the memory cannot be performed. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to freely combine a plurality of performance pattern data stored in advance irrespective of their time signatures, thereby enabling more diverse automatic accompaniment. The present invention intends to provide the automatic accompaniment device.

[0005]

The automatic performance device according to the present invention stores a plurality of sets of performance pattern data each consisting of a plurality of parts, and a predetermined time signature is set for each set. In order to create a new set of performance pattern data composed of a plurality of parts and a storage means having different time signatures, a plurality of sets of performances stored in the storage means for each part Selecting means for selecting arbitrary performance pattern data from the pattern data; determining means for determining a reference time signature for reproduction performance for the new set of performance pattern data; The performance pattern data for each part selected for the performance pattern data is read from the storage means, and the reproduction pattern data corresponding to the performance pattern data for each part is read. Of the playing pattern data for each part selected for the new set of playing pattern data, the part for which the beat does not match the reference beat is performed. With regard to the performance pattern data, a control means is provided for changing and controlling a part of the pattern so that the time signature of the reproduction performance matches the reference time signature.

[0006]

The storage means stores a plurality of sets of performance pattern data each consisting of a plurality of parts. A predetermined beat is set for each set in the performance pattern data, and as is generally known, these predetermined beats have different beats. For example, a plurality of sets of performance pattern data for performance patterns (accompaniment patterns) having different time signatures such as two-quarter time signature, three-quarter time signature, and quarter quarter time signature are stored. In order to create a new set of performance pattern data composed of a plurality of parts, the selection means selects, for each part, arbitrary performance pattern data from the plurality of sets of performance pattern data stored in the storage means. select. The playback performance means reads the performance pattern data for each part selected by the selection means from the storage means, and simultaneously performs the playback performance corresponding to the performance pattern data for each part. By the way, the performance pattern data of each part for the new set of performance pattern data selected by the selection means can be selected from any set of the performance pattern data stored in the storage means. Of course, the played pattern data for each part may have different time signatures. Therefore, if the performance pattern data of the selected parts are simply reproduced in parallel, the beats of the parts will not match, and the parts will be musically scattered, which is completely inconvenient.

Therefore, according to the present invention, by the determining means,
For the new set of performance pattern data, the reference time signature for the reproduction performance is determined. And
Of the performance pattern data for each part selected for the new set of performance pattern data, the control means reproduces the performance pattern data of the part whose time signature does not match the reference time signature. A part of the pattern is controlled to be changed so that the time signature of (1) matches the reference time signature. As a result, when the playback performance corresponding to the performance pattern data for each part is simultaneously performed in parallel by the playback performance means, for the performance pattern data of the part whose time signature does not match the reference time signature, the time signature of the playback performance is the reference time. A part of the pattern is changed and controlled to match the time signature, and the time signature of the playback performance for all parts is controlled to match the reference time signature. Therefore, it becomes possible to create a new set of performance pattern data by freely selecting and combining arbitrary parts of a plurality of sets of performance pattern data having different time signatures regardless of their original time signatures. . Of course, such new performance pattern data can be created in many combinations at any time, so that various musical patterns that are not stored in the storage means can be maintained while ensuring musical order. It becomes possible to realize an accompaniment. Further, when creating new performance pattern data, since it is only necessary to select each part, the creation work is extremely easy. Therefore, according to the present invention, an arbitrary performance pattern data for each part is selected and combined from a plurality of sets of performance pattern data each set of which has an arbitrary time signature. Thus, since a new set of performance pattern data is created, it is possible to easily create new performance pattern data in various combinations.

As an example, the deciding means detects the beat of the maximum beat or the minimum beat of the beats of the performance pattern data for each part selected for the new set of play pattern data. Then, the detected time signature is determined as the reference time signature. According to this, among the original beats of the performance pattern data for each part selected by the selecting means, the beat with the maximum or minimum number of beats is automatically determined as the reference beat. There is an advantage that the time signature can be easily set. As an example, for the performance pattern data having a time signature smaller than the reference time signature, the control means adds a part of the performance pattern data or a rest by the number of beats insufficient to the reference time signature to reproduce the performance. The pattern may be controlled to be changed so as to match the time signature of No. 1 with the reference time signature. Further, for performance pattern data having a beat number larger than the reference beat, the control means deletes a part of the play pattern data by the number of beats exceeding the reference beat, so that the beat of the replay performance is set to the reference beat. The pattern may be changed and controlled to match the time signature. The selecting means, for a new set of performance pattern data composed of a plurality of parts, selects a predetermined performance pattern data from the plurality of sets of performance pattern data stored in the storage means for each part. The combination designation information to be selected may be stored in advance for each of a plurality of sets of new performance pattern data, and a desired one set of combination designation information may be selected. Alternatively, regardless of such pre-stored combination designation information, each time the user
Performance pattern data for each part may be selected. Of course, as is generally known, it is possible to reproduce a stored performance pattern as it is by selecting and reading out a desired set of performance pattern data stored in the storage means.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this electronic musical instrument, the CPU 2 and the program R
Various processes are performed by the microcomputer MC including the OM 3 and the data and working RAM 4. A keyboard KB is connected to the microcomputer MC via a data and address bus 6.
The operation panel OP, the pattern memory 7, the musical tone generator TG, etc. are connected. In this embodiment, the timer 8 is set to output 24 timer signals for each beat. The timer signal output from the timer 8 is given to the CPU 2 as a tempo clock for a timer interrupt process described later with reference to FIG.

Further, this electronic musical instrument has a normal performance mode in which a musical tone is generated in response to a key depression operation on the keyboard KB, and an automatic accompaniment is performed by reading out a part pattern recorded in the pattern memory 7 and acoustically reproducing it. It can be operated in both the sequencer mode and the sequencer. But,
Here, the configuration and operation for the sequencer mode directly related to the present invention will be mainly described. In the sequencer mode, a plurality of accompaniment parts stored in the pattern memory 7, that is, in the case of this embodiment, the first chord backing part P0 and the second chord backing part P1, the bass part P2, and the rhythm part P3. An automatic accompaniment sound is generated by reading out patterns and the like in parallel and acoustically reproducing them. For this purpose, the pattern memory 7 contains the pattern shown in FIG.
In the data format as exemplified in the item (a), a plurality of kinds of preset combination patterns for instructing combinations of part patterns of the accompaniment parts to be read in parallel and the like are stored.

<Preset combination pattern>
The predetermined storage area of the pattern memory 7 is a preset combination pattern storage area, in which, for example, 0 to
99 combination pattern numbers PTN (ie 0 ≦ PTN
100 types of preset combination patterns specified by <100) are stored. FIG. 2A shows an example of a storage format of the preset combination pattern storage area, which is a data storage format relating to one preset combination pattern specified by one preset combination pattern number PTN. As shown in FIG. 2A, the data storage section for one preset combination pattern has a header section HD, a sequence data section SD, and a time signature section MTR. Header part H
D is each accompaniment part P0, P1, P2 consisting of scale notes.
The tone color number TC indicating the tone color assigned to is stored. The address position storing the tone color number TC of each part P0, P1, P2 is specified by the combination pattern number PTN and the part number (either 0, 1, or 2). In FIG. 2, in order to indicate both the stored data content and the stored address position, a data name serving as address information is described in parentheses after the code indicating the data content. For example, TC (PTN, 0) is a combination pattern number P
The tone color number TC stored in the address position specified by TN and part number 0 is shown. That is, it shows the tone color assigned to the part with the part number 0, that is, the first chord backing part P0 in the preset combination pattern specified by the pattern number PTN. Part number 0 corresponds to the first chord backing part P0, 1 corresponds to the second chord backing part P1, 2 corresponds to the bass part P2, and 3 corresponds to the rhythm part P3.

The sequence data section SD stores actual performance sequence data consisting of tone generation timing and musical tone information, that is, a part pattern for each accompaniment part P0, P1, P2, P3. The part patterns of the accompaniment parts P0, P1, and P2, which are scale tones, are timing data for instructing the sounding (note-on) timing, and the pitch of the musical tone to be generated at the timing is a reference chord (for example, C major). The key code designated by the pitch according to is stored in the sequential address corresponding to the playing order. Further, the part pattern of the rhythm part P3 stores timing data instructing sounding timing and a percussion instrument sound number instructing the type of percussion instrument sound to be generated at the timing, at sequential addresses corresponding to the playing order. An end code is stored at the end of each part pattern. As will be described later, when the accompaniment sounds of the first chord backing part P0, the second chord backing part P1 and the bass part P2 are generated in the sequence mode of this electronic musical instrument, the keys in the part patterns of these accompaniment parts are generated. The chord is converted into a pitch corresponding to a chord (or chord data in which the chord is recorded) designated by the user on the keyboard KB in real time, and is generated. In order to read the part pattern data of each part P0 to P3, each part P0 to P3
Part pointers PP0, PP1, PP2, PP3 for each 3
Is used. The part pointer PP0 is a read pointer of the first code backing part P0, PP1 is a read pointer of the second code backing part P2, and PP2.
Is a read pointer of the bass part P3, and PP3 is a read pointer of the rhythm part P3.

Sequence data to be read from the sequence data section SD (that is, part pattern data)
Is a combination pattern number PTN and a part number (0-3
No.) and a read pointer (one of PP0 to PP3) corresponding to the part number. For example, SD (PTN, 0, PP0) is a pointer P corresponding to the part number 0 in the part pattern relating to the part number 0 (that is, the first code backing part P0) in a certain combination pattern number PTN.
It is the sequence data SD read from the address position specified by the designated content (pointer value) of P0. S
D (PTN, 1, PP1), SD (PTN, 2, PP)
2) or SD (PTN, 3, PP3) is also the same, and part numbers 1, 2 or 3 (that is, second chord backing part P1, bass part P2 or rhythm part P3) in a certain combination pattern number PTN, respectively. )
Is the sequence data SD read from the address position specified by the designated contents of the pointer PP1, PP2 or PP3 corresponding to.

The reading of the pattern data for each of the accompaniment parts P0 to P3 from the pattern memory 7 is performed in parallel for each of the accompaniment parts (specifically, in time division). Simultaneous performance of P3 is performed. Then, by performing the accompaniment parts P0 to P3 simultaneously, 1 corresponding to the specified combination pattern number PTN
An automatic accompaniment of one combination pattern will be provided. In this embodiment, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the part pattern of each of the accompaniment parts P0, P1, P2, and P3 described above consists of one measure. That is, it is assumed that the same pattern data is repeatedly read for each bar. Of course, it goes without saying that one part pattern is not limited to one bar and may be arbitrarily designed with two bars, four bars, or the like.

The part patterns of the individual accompaniment parts P0, P1, P2, and P3 in each preset combination pattern have the same or common beat. The time signature MTR has the time signature of the preset combination pattern, that is, the time signature data common to the accompaniment parts P0, P1, P2, and P3 (the number of beats included in one bar, for example, 3 in the case of 3/4 time signature, In the case of the 4/4 time signature, 4) is stored. This time signature MTR is a combination pattern number P
Addressed according to TN. That is, MTR
(PTN) indicates time signature data corresponding to a certain combination pattern number PTN. By using such a preset combination pattern, it is possible to collectively select / designate a combination of part patterns, a tone color, etc. without the user having to designate one part pattern at a time, which is convenient.

As described above, accompaniment parts P0, P1, P2, P in one preset combination pattern
The third part pattern has a common beat, but the beats of different preset combination patterns do not always match. That is, for example, it is natural that a certain preset combination pattern has three beats, but another preset combination pattern has four beats.

<User Combination Pattern> According to this embodiment, by arbitrarily selecting and combining each part pattern among these preset combination patterns,
A user combination pattern different from the 100 types of preset combination patterns can be newly set. That is, the user uses each accompaniment part P0.
~ P3, corresponding accompaniment parts P0, P1, P2, P in the 100 kinds of preset combination patterns
Set the desired one of the three part patterns beyond the preset combination pattern frame regardless of whether their beats match, and specify the combination of the part patterns set in this way, etc. The user combination pattern to be stored can be stored in a predetermined user combination pattern storage area of the pattern memory 7. As the combination pattern number PTN, the combination pattern numbers after 100 (PTN ≧ 100) are assigned for each user combination pattern.

FIG. 2B illustrates a data format of one user combination pattern among the plurality of types of user combination patterns thus stored in the pattern memory 7. As shown in the figure, the data storage unit for one user combination pattern is the header unit U.
HD, part pattern designation part PPN, and time signature part UMT
R. As in the case of the preset combination pattern, the header portion UHD stores the tone color number TC indicating the tone color assigned to each accompaniment part P0, P1, P2 in this user combination pattern. Each part P0,
The address positions storing the tone color numbers TC of P1 and P2 are the combination pattern number PTN (in this case, PTN ≧ 100 because it is for the user) and the part number (0,
1 or 2)). The data storage section for the user combination pattern does not have the sequence data section SD, but has the part pattern designating section PPN instead. Part pattern designation part PPN
In (4), the preset combination pattern number (that is, any combination pattern number value from 0 to 99) arbitrarily selected / set by the operator is stored for each accompaniment part P0, P1, P2, P3. That is, as described above, each accompaniment part P in the part pattern designation unit PPN is
The preset combination pattern number that is arbitrarily stored for each of 0 to P3 indirectly specifies the pattern used as the part pattern of an arbitrary part of the user combination pattern.

The address position storing the desired preset combination pattern number for each accompaniment part P0, P1, P2, P3 in the part pattern designating part PPN is:
Combination pattern number PTN and part number (0, 1, 2,
3). However, although it is merely a design problem, the user combination pattern number PTN has a value of 100 or more, but since the part pattern designating part PPN is used only in the user combination pattern, a numerical value of 0 to 99 is set. Since it can be used as addressing information, and the number of bits can be reduced by using the value obtained by offsetting the user combination pattern number PTN by 100 minus, the number of bits can be reduced. . For example, PPN (PTN-100,0) indicates a preset combination pattern number stored at an address position specified by a certain user combination pattern number PTN and part number 0, which is PPN (PTN-100). ，
It means that the sequence data of the part number 0 of the preset combination pattern number stored in 0) is used as the sequence data of the part number 0 of the user combination pattern number PTN. Similarly, PPN (PTN
-100, 1) is a certain user combination pattern number PT
The preset combination pattern number stored in the address position specified by N and part number 1 is shown,
This means that the sequence data of the part number 1 of the preset combination pattern number stored in the PPN (PTN-100, 1) is used as the sequence data of the part number 1 of the user combination pattern number PTN. PPN for other parts (PTN-100,
The same applies to 2) and PPN (PTN-100, 3).

In this embodiment, as the tone color number data of the header portion UHD, the part pattern designation portion PPN is used.
The tone color number data of the corresponding part of the preset combination pattern number (which is represented by PRPTN) selected and stored in is stored as it is. For example, when the user uses the first code backing part P of a certain user combination pattern number PTN,
0, when a preset combination pattern of combination pattern number 3 (PRPTN = 3) is selected, it is stored as the tone color of the first chord backing part P0 in the header portion HD of the preset combination pattern (PRPTN = 3). The existing tone color number TC is stored as it is as the tone color number TC of the first chord backing part P0 in the header portion UHD of the user combination pattern number PTN. Further, when the user selects the part pattern of the second code backing part P1 of the preset combination pattern (PRPTN = 50) belonging to the combination pattern number 50 for the second code backing part P1, the preset combination pattern ( P
The tone color number TC stored as the tone color of the second chord backing part P1 in the header part HD of RPTN = 50) is stored as it is as the tone color number TC of the second chord backing part P1 in the header part UHD. Becomes The same applies to the case of the base part P2. As with the preset combination pattern, since the percussion instrument sound number indicating the type of percussion instrument sound is stored in the part pattern of the rhythm part P3, data indicating the tone color of the rhythm part P3 is particularly stored in the header UHD. Not done.

As described above, the part patterns of the accompaniment parts P0 to P3 in one user combination pattern are
Since it is arbitrarily selected / set beyond the frame of the preset combination pattern, it is possible that the part patterns in one user combination pattern may have different time signatures. Therefore, in the time signature portion UMTR of the user combination pattern, the longest time signature (maximum number of beats) is stored as the reference time signature among the time signatures of the four part patterns set by the user for each accompaniment part as described above. Has become. When the part pattern is read by the timer interrupt process described later, as for the part pattern having a time signature shorter than the reference time signature stored in the time signature part UMTR, as conceptually shown in FIG. After the reading of one bar is completed, the head code of the part pattern is returned to, and the key code for the number of beats that is short of the longest beat is read (additionally) again so that the key code is matched with the reference beat. It has become. That is, as in the example of FIG. 3, the part pattern selected for the bass part P2 has the longest four beats (reference beat), and the part pattern selected for the first chord backing P0 has three beats shorter than that. In this case, when reading and reproducing the part pattern of the first code backing P0, after the third beat is completed, the head address is returned to and the first beat is additionally read. As a result, the part pattern of the first chord backing P0 is played as if it were 4 beats, which is the reference beat. Although not shown here, the same beat number matching process is performed on other accompaniment parts having a beat shorter than the reference beat. When the reference time signature is four, the first beat and the second beat are additionally read out for the part pattern of the second time signature.

Returning to FIG. 1, as described above, the user performs the keyboard accompaniment in order to perform the automatic accompaniment in the sequence mode.
Specify a chord. The keyboard KB outputs a key-on event signal in response to a new key press, and also outputs a key code indicating a key (that is, a pitch) related to the key event. The various operator groups on the operation panel OP include start / stop switches 11 for starting and stopping automatic accompaniment, and a combination pattern selection switch 12 for selectively designating a desired preset combination pattern or user combination pattern number PTN. And are included. The start / stop switch 11
Is a toggle switch that switches between start and stop each time it is pressed. Further, the operation panel OP includes a setting switch 14 for instructing what should be set in order to set a user combination pattern, and an accompaniment part designation switch 16 for designating an accompaniment part for which a part pattern is to be set. It is provided. In this example, in order to reduce the number of switches, the setting switch 14
Is set to the user combination pattern setting mode, the combination pattern selection switch 12 causes the accompaniment parts P0, P0 of the user combination pattern to be set.
In order to select a desired part pattern for each of P1, P2 and P3, it functions as a switch for selecting a preset combination pattern to which the desired part pattern belongs. The operation panel OP outputs data indicating the operation and setting conditions of various operators including these switches. Note that the combination pattern selection switch 12, the accompaniment part designation switch 16 and the like may appropriately share a ten-key switch or the like.

To perform automatic accompaniment, when the user operates the combination pattern selection switch 12 to select a desired one of the preset combination patterns or the user combination patterns, the data of each part of the selected combination pattern is obtained. It is read by the CPU 2.
At this time, the part pattern of the user combination pattern is read out and controlled so that the beat number matching process described above is performed. The data read in this way is
It is output to the musical tone generator TG. The musical tone generator TG generates a musical tone signal on each of a plurality of channels based on the data and various data given via the address bus 6. The tone signal thus generated is D / A converted and then acoustically reproduced via the sound system SS.

Next, an example of various processes executed by the microcomputer MC will be described with reference to the flow charts shown in FIGS. 4 to 8. Before that, the data and the predetermined area of the working RAM 4 are prepared. The main flags and buffer registers used in these processes will be described. ROOT: A root note register that stores the note name data of the root note of the chord specified by the user for performing automatic accompaniment. TYPE: A chord type register that stores the type of chord (major, minor, etc.) specified by the user. PTN: Selected combination pattern number register for storing the combination pattern number PTN selected by the combination pattern selection switch 12. RUN: A traveling flag that stores "1" when the automatic accompaniment is traveling by operating the start / stop switch 11 and "0" when the automatic accompaniment is not traveling.

CLK: A tempo clock counter that counts the tempo clock output from the timer 8 and indicates the performance progress position within one bar. This tempo clock counter is set to a maximum count value according to the number of beats designated in the time signature MTR or UMTR of the selected combination pattern. According to this embodiment, for example, in the case of 3 beats, it starts counting from 0 and becomes 3 ×.
At 24 = 72th count, it is reset to 0. i: Variable register indicating any one of the part numbers 0 to 3. MTRR: Time signature MT of preset combination pattern or user combination pattern selected when performing automatic accompaniment
A beat register that stores the number of beats indicated in the R or UMTR. If the selected combination is a preset combination pattern, the number of beats common to each accompaniment part is set. If the selected one is a user combination pattern, the maximum number of beats of each part pattern is set. The number of beats (that is, the reference beat) is stored.

CPTN: A user combination pattern number register for storing a desired user combination pattern number PTN (where PTN ≧ 100) when setting a user combination pattern. PRPTN: When setting the user combination pattern,
A preset combination pattern number register that stores the number of the preset combination pattern selected to set the part pattern of the desired accompaniment part. PT: A part number register that stores the part number (any one of 0 to 3) of the desired accompaniment part input by the accompaniment part specification switch 16 when setting the user combination pattern. M: A beat buffer used to compare the beats of each part pattern in order to detect the maximum beats when setting the user combination pattern.

--Main Routine-- FIG. 4 shows an example of the main routine. After a predetermined initialization, processing is performed according to each event. First, when a new key event on the keyboard KB is detected (step 20), it is checked whether it is a key-on event (step 21). When it is a key-on event, a predetermined tone generation process and a chord detection process are performed (step 22). In the chord detection process, when the performance of a chord by the keyboard KB is detected, the root note and the type of the detected chord are stored in the root note register ROOT and the chord type register TYPE, respectively.
If NO in step 21, that is, if the result is a key-off event, a predetermined muffling process is performed (step 23). Note that step 20 is NO.
If, then steps 21 to 23 are not performed.

When the combination pattern selection switch 12 is operated to detect that any preset combination pattern or user combination pattern is selected (step 24), the combination pattern selection switch 12 is selected. The combined pattern number is stored in the combined pattern number register PTN (step 25). Then, in the next step 26, pointer setting processing for setting the respective read pointers PP0 to PP3 to the head address in order to read the part pattern of each accompaniment part P0 to P3 designated by the selected combination pattern is performed. To do. A detailed example of this pointer setting process will be described later with reference to FIG. When step 24 is NO, steps 25 and 26 are not performed.

When it is detected that the start / stop 11 is turned on (step 27), step 2
8 reverses the value of the traveling flag RUN (that is,
Inversion from "0" to "1" or "1" to "0"). Then, in step 29, it is checked whether or not the value of the traveling flag RUN after reversal is "1". When the start / stop 11 is turned on when the automatic accompaniment is not running, step 29 becomes YES, and in this case, like the step 26, the parts of the accompaniment parts P0 to P3 designated by the selected combination pattern are set. In order to read the pattern, each read pointer PP0-PP0
In order to set PP3 to the head address, the pointer setting process of FIG. 6 is performed (step 30). Although the pointer setting process is performed in step 30,
In step 26 above, the pointer setting process is performed as follows.
This is because when a new combination pattern is selected (changed) in step 25 while the automatic accompaniment is running, each part pattern designated by the newly selected combination pattern can be read from the head address. When step 27 is NO, steps 28-30 are not performed. Even when step 29 is NO, it is not necessary to perform automatic accompaniment, so step 30
Is not performed.

Further, when it is detected that the setting switch 14 is turned on (step 31), a setting process for setting a user combination pattern is performed (step 32). A detailed example of this setting process will be described later with reference to FIG. When the setting switch 14 is not turned on, the setting process of step 32 is skipped and the process proceeds to step 33. In step 33, other necessary processes are performed, and then the process returns to step 20 and the processes after step 20 are repeated.

--Setting Process-- When the setting switch 14 is turned on, the user combination pattern setting mode is entered, and a setting process routine as shown in FIG. 5 is executed to newly set or set a user combination pattern desired by the user. Allows you to change the settings. First, in step 34, it is checked whether or not there is an input operation for setting a desired user combination pattern number PTN (where PTN ≧ 100), and if there is, the input user combination pattern number PTN is set to the user combination pattern number register CPTN. Remember. Input of a desired user combination pattern number PTN is performed by the combination pattern selection switch 12. For example, if the combination pattern number PTN input by the combination pattern selection switch 12 is 100 or more, it may be processed as the setting input of the user combination pattern number PTN. The determination as to whether or not the combination pattern selection switch 12 has been input may be performed in step 34, or
The contents stored in the combination pattern number register PTN in the previous step may be examined, and if it is 100 or more, it may be stored in the user combination pattern number register CPTN. In the next step 35, it is checked whether or not there is an input operation for setting a desired part number (any one of 0 to 3), and if there is, the input part number is stored in the part number register PT. The desired part number is input by the accompaniment part designation switch 16.

In the next step 36, a desired preset combination pattern number PTN (where PTN <1 is used for use as a part pattern of the user combination pattern.
00) is selected, and if there is, the input preset combination pattern number PTN is input to the preset combination pattern number register PRP.
Store in TN. The desired preset combination pattern number PTN is input, for example, when the combination pattern number PTN input by the combination pattern selection switch 12 is 10.
If it is less than 0, preset combination pattern number PTN
It may be processed as the setting input of. Also in this case, it is possible to determine whether or not the combination pattern selection switch 12 has been input.
This step 36 may be performed, or the content stored in the combination pattern number register PTN in the previous step may be examined and if it is less than 100, it may be stored in the preset combination pattern number register PRPTN. Good. In the next step 37, the preset combination pattern number stored in the register PRPTN is written in the part pattern designating part PPN (CPTN-100, PT) of the user combination pattern storage area specified by the contents of the registers CPTN and PT. That is, for example, the user combination pattern number CPTN is 1
No. 12, the part number to be set is 0 (that is, the first code backing part P0), and when the selected combination pattern number PRPTN is 50, the pattern number 112-100 = 12 and the part number 0 To the part pattern designation part PPN (12,0) specified by
The preset combination pattern number “50” is stored.

In the next step 38, the register PRPT
From the header portion HD of the preset combination pattern storage area specified by the preset combination pattern number stored in N and the part number stored in the register PT,
Tone number TC (PRPT assigned to that part
(N, PT) is read, and the read tone color number is stored in the address position TC (CPTN, PT) of the header portion UHD of the user combination pattern storage area specified by the contents of the registers CPTN and PT. For example, when the accompaniment part is the first chord backing part P0, and the tone color number of the piano assigned to the first chord backing part P0 in the selected preset combination pattern is the tone color number of the piano. Is stored at the address position TC (CPTN, PT) of the accompaniment part P0 in the header part UHD of the user combination pattern. By the above steps 34 to 38, setting or setting change for one desired accompaniment part is performed.

In the next steps 39 to 43, the accompaniment parts P0 to P3 of the user combination pattern currently being set are set.
Part pattern (that is, the part pattern specified by each selected preset combination pattern)
Performs processing to detect the maximum number of beats of the.
First, at step 39, the variable register i is set to "0". Next, at step 40, the part pattern designating part PPN (CPTN-100, i) specified by the user combination pattern number CPTN being currently set and the part number i (initially i = 0) indicated by the register i is set. Based on the stored preset combination pattern number, the time signature MTR [PPN of the preset combination pattern number is stored.
(CPTN-100, i)] is read out, and this is temporarily stored in the beat number buffer M.

Thereafter, the register i is advanced by 1 (step 41), and it is checked whether i = 4 (step 4).
2). If NO, in the next step 43, the same time signature data MTR [PPN as the above with respect to the updated i.
(CPTN-100, i)] is read out from the beat portion MTR of the corresponding preset combination pattern number, and this is compared with the beat data stored in the beat number buffer M, and M ≦ MTR [PPN (CPTN− 100, i)]
Check whether holds. If the comparison result in step 43 is NO, steps 41 to 43 are repeated, the part number i is changed, and the comparison is performed.

On the other hand, if step 43 is YES, the process returns to step 40, and the updated beat data MTR [PPN (CPTN-100, i)] for i is stored in the beat buffer M. The above steps 40 to 43 are repeated until i = 4. Thus,
The beat counts of the part patterns of all the accompaniment parts P0 to P3 are compared, and the value finally stored in the beat count buffer M indicates the maximum beat count among them. Therefore, if YES in step 42, that is, if i = 4 is obtained, step 4
4, the stored value of the beat number buffer M is set as the data indicating the maximum beat number of the accompaniment parts in the user combination pattern indicated by the number CPTN currently being processed, and the corresponding beat portion UMTR (CPTN). To store.

After step 44, the next step 4
At 5, it is checked whether resetting should be performed. If resetting is to be performed, the process returns to the first step 34 and the above-mentioned processing is repeated. When the reset is not performed, the process returns to the main routine. The determination of resetting in step 45 may be made based on an appropriate standard. For example, setting switch 1
It may be possible to check whether 4 has been turned on again. Alternatively, the contents of the part number register PT may be sequentially changed and this setting process may be executed for all parts. Alternatively, whether or not a setting confirmation switch (not shown) has been turned on may be checked, and if not turned on, this setting processing routine may be repeated, and if turned on, the process may return to the main routine.

--Pointer Set Processing-- In the pointer set processing, an example of which is shown in FIG. 6, in order to start the reading of the part patterns of the parts P0 to P3 in one selected combination pattern, the respective read pointers are read. This is a process for setting PP0 to PP3 at the head address. First, in step 46, whether the combination pattern number stored in the combination pattern number register PTN is smaller than 100, that is,
Check if any preset combination pattern is selected. When the preset combination pattern is selected, the process proceeds to step 47, and each accompaniment part Pj of the preset combination pattern indicated by the pattern number PTN.
At the start address of the part pattern (where j = 0 to 3), each read pointer PPj (where j = 0 to 3)
Is set. Then, in the next step 49, the value of the clock counter CLK indicating the performance progress position in the bar is set to "0", and the beat number stored in the beat portion MTR of the preset combination pattern is set in the beat number register MTRR. After that, return to the main routine.

On the other hand, when one of the user combination patterns is selected by operating the combination pattern selection switch 12, the combination pattern number stored in the combination pattern number register PTN is 100 or more, so the result of step 46 is It becomes NO. In this case, the process proceeds to step 48, and each part pattern designated by the preset combination pattern selected for each accompaniment part Pj designated by the part pattern designation portion PPN (PTN-100, j) of the user combination pattern is designated. Each read pointer PPj is set to the head address of the. After that, the process goes to step 49, sets the beat number stored in the beat portion UMTR of the user combination pattern in the beat number register MTRR, and then returns to the main routine. The actual reading process of the part pattern after the pointer setting process is performed by the timer interrupt process described below with an example shown in FIG.

--Timer Interrupt Process-- In the timer interrupt process, an example of which is shown in FIG. 7, every time the tempo clock pulse is given from the timer 8 at a rate of 24 times per beat, the preset combination pattern selected by the user or the user The part pattern designated by the combination pattern is read and reproduced. First, step 46
Then, it is checked whether the traveling flag RUN is "1", that is, whether the automatic accompaniment is traveling. When the automatic accompaniment is not running, without performing other processing,
It returns to the main routine as it is. When the automatic accompaniment is running, YES is obtained. In this case, in the next step 47, the current count value of the tempo clock counter CLK that operates with the modulo number “MTRR × 24” (this is set to CLKmod (MTRR × 24)). It is checked whether the present count value of (shown) has become "0". The beat count data set in the beat count register MTRR is the beat count (reference beat count) within one bar, and 24 is the tempo clock count per beat, so the tempo clock counter CL
The modulo number “MTRR × 24” of K corresponds to the tempo clock number in one bar, and the modulo “MTRR × 2”
The current value "CLK of the tempo clock counter CLK of 4"
"mod (MTRR x 24)""is" 0 "means that the current performance progress position is the beginning of one bar. That is,
In this step 47, it is checked whether or not the current performance proceeding position is the head of one bar.

When the result at step 47 is the head of one bar, the process goes to step 48, and each accompaniment part Pj (j = 0, 1, 2,
The read pointer PPj of 3) is set to the head address of the part pattern (step 48). That is, when the pattern of one bar consisting of the reference time signature is completed, the read pointer PPj of each accompaniment part Pj is returned to the head address of the part pattern, and the pattern is repeated. After step 48, the value of the tempo clock counter CLK is set to "0" (step 49), and thereafter, the tone generation processing shown in FIG. 8 is performed (step 5).
0). On the other hand, in step 47, the modulo “MTR
If the current value of the tempo clock counter CLK of R × 24 ”is not“ 0 ”, that is, the current performance progress position is not at the beginning of one bar, then in step 51, the modulo number 24 is added. It is checked whether or not the current count value of the tempo clock counter CLK (shown by CLKmod 24) that operates at 0 is "0", that is, whether or not the current performance progress position is at the beginning of one beat. If the current performance progress position is not at the beginning of one beat, step 51 is NO and the process jumps to step 50 to perform the tone generation process of FIG.

On the other hand, when the current performance progress position is at the beginning of one beat, the result of step 51 is YES, and in this case, at steps 52 to 56, the register MTRR is performed.
Using the number of beats stored in step 1 as the reference time signature, the reading of the part pattern having a time signature that is not sufficient for the reference time signature is adjusted, whereby the time signature matching process for matching the time signature of each part pattern is performed. First, at step 52, the variable register i is set to "0", and the part number is i = 0 (part P
Specify 0).

In the next step 53, when the part pattern of the accompaniment part (that is, initially P0) indicated by the variable register i is its original time signature (that is, the part pattern of the user combination pattern), its original preset. It is checked whether the final beat of the beat number MTR of the combination pattern (corresponding to the number of beats indicated by the MTR) has been reached. For example, "(CLK / 24)" indicates what beat the current performance progress position is.
+1 ”calculation (for example, at the beginning of the first beat, CLK
= 0, and CLK = 24 at the beginning of the second beat), the part number i of the user combination pattern number PTN
The time signature portion MTR of the preset combination pattern that is the source of the part pattern is
Preset combination pattern number PP stored in PN
Depending on N (PTN-100, i), MTR [PPN
(PTN-100, i)], MT
It is only necessary to check in this step 53 whether or not the beat rate data stored in R [PPN (PTN-100, i)] matches “(CLK / 24) +1”.

In step 53, if the result is YES, that is, the final beat of the original beat of the part pattern is reached, it means that the original beat of the part pattern is shorter than the reference beat. ing. That is, the beats of the entire user combination pattern currently playing are unified into the maximum beat data stored in the beat register MTRR, that is, the reference beat, by the processing of step 47. Since step 53 is performed through the NO route of step 47, YES in step 53 means that the original beat of the part pattern is shorter than the reference beat.

If YES at step 53, at the next step 54, a process for adding a part of the pattern data as an additional beat is performed. In this embodiment, in step 54, a process for returning to the first beat of the part pattern and adding the pattern by the required number of beats is performed.
That is, at step 54, the read pointer PPi for the accompaniment part Pi specified by the variable register i in the combination pattern currently being played specified by the combination pattern number PTN is set to the head address of the part pattern of the accompaniment part Pi. To do. In the next step 55, 1 is added to the value of the variable register i to indicate the next accompaniment part. On the other hand, if NO in step 53, that is, if the result that the final beat has not been reached is obtained, it is not necessary to perform the process of returning to the first beat, and therefore step 54 is skipped and step 55 is jumped to. .

Then, in step 56, it is checked whether the value of the variable register i becomes "4". If NO, the process returns to step 53, and steps 53 to 55 are repeated for the next accompaniment part. As a result, when the user combination pattern is selected, of the part patterns of the accompaniment parts P0 to P3, if the original beat thereof is not the reference beat, the final beat of the original beat is reached. Immediately after that, the read pointer PPi is set to the head address of the part pattern. When the above process is completed for each of the accompaniment parts P0 to P3, i = 4 is YE in step 56.
When S is reached, the process proceeds to step 50 and the sound generation process of FIG. 8 is performed. Then, in step 71, the tempo clock counter C
The value of LK is incremented by 1, and this timer interrupt processing is ended.

Thus, when the original beat of the part pattern of each accompaniment part in the user combination pattern is shorter than the reference beat, the read pointer PPi is set to the head address, and the process returns to the first beat of the part pattern.
Additional reading of patterns will be performed only for the insufficient number of beats. As a result, matching with the reference time signature is performed (see (a) of FIG. 3). When the preset combination pattern is selected, since each part pattern has the same time signature, each part pattern reaches the final beat at the same time. But in that case, step 5
Before going to step 3, step 47 becomes YES. Therefore,
The processing of steps 51-56 has virtually no meaning for the preset combination pattern.

--Sound Generation Process-- The sound generation process shown in FIG. 8 is a process for acoustically reproducing the part pattern read by the above-described process to generate an automatic accompaniment sound. First, set the variable register i to "0"
Then (step 57), the accompaniment part Pi indicated by the variable register i (first chord backing data P0) is sounded by the processing of the following steps 58 to 64. In step 58, the sequence data part is specified in accordance with the pattern number PTN that specifies the combination pattern currently being played, the part number i specified by the value of the variable register i, and the value of the read pointer PPi specified by these combinations. SD is addressed and addressed sequence data SD (PTN, i, PP
Check if i) is "end data". If it is an end code, the process proceeds to step 59, and the variable register i is incremented by 1. Then, in the next step 65, it is checked whether i = 3. If NO, the process returns to step 58 and the same process is performed for the next part.

On the other hand, when the result at step 58 is not an end code, the sequence data SD (PTN,
i, PPi) is "timing data" (because "timing data" is stored at an address preceding the "key code" as shown in FIG. 2a). In this case, in the next step 60, the read sequence data SD (PTN,
i, PPi), that is, whether the value of "timing data" is equal to the timing data indicated by the current count value of the tempo clock counter CLK, that is, whether the current performance progress position has reached the tone generation timing indicated by the timing data . If NO, go to step 59 to advance the variable register i by 1, go through NO in step 65, return to step 58, and perform the same processing for the next part.

When the result of step 60 is YES, the process proceeds to step 61, where it is specified by the combination of the pattern number PTN for specifying the combination pattern currently being played and the part number i specified by the value of the variable register i. 1 is added to the value of the read pointer PPi, and "PPi
"+1" is designated as a pointer address, the sequence data section SD is addressed by this, the "key code" stored in the addressed sequence data SD (PTN, i, PPi + 1) is read out, and stored in the key code register KC. Store. That is, since the pointer PPi specifies the address of "timing data",
"PPi + 1", which is obtained by adding 1 thereto, designates the address of the "key code".

In the next step 62, the pitch of the key code stored in the key code register KC is determined according to the root note and type of the detected chord stored in the root register ROOT and the chord type register TYPE in step 22 of the main routine. Is converted and the key code after pitch conversion is stored again in the key code register KC. Next step 6
3, the tone color number TC (PTN, i) assigned to the accompaniment part Pi specified by the pattern number PTN specifying the combination pattern currently being played and the part number i specified by the value of the variable register i is displayed. The tone color number TC (P
TN, i) is given to the musical tone generator TG together with the "key-on signal" for instructing sound generation and the "key code" stored in the key code register KC. The musical tone generator TG generates a musical tone signal having a designated pitch and tone color based on these given data. This musical sound signal is sent to the accompaniment part P via the sound system SS.
It is generated as an automatic accompaniment sound of i.

After step 63, go to step 64,
Pattern number P that identifies the combination pattern currently playing
Read pointer PP specified by the combination of TN and the part number i specified by the value of the variable register i
2 is added to the value of i and the addition result “PPi + 2” is set in the read pointer PPi. As a result, the updated pointer PPi designates the address of "timing data"("endcode" at the end of the pattern) indicating the sounding timing of the sound to be sounded next. Then, the process returns to step 58 and the same process is repeated. Accompaniment parts P0, P1, P2 consisting of scale notes
When the above process is finished, the value of the register i incremented by 1 in step 59 becomes "3". Then step 6
In step 5, it is determined that i = 3 is YES, and the process goes to step 66 to perform the tone generation process for the rhythm part P3.

In step 66, as in step 58, the pattern number PTN for specifying the combination pattern currently being played, the value of the variable register i (i = 3), and the read pointer PP3 specified by the combination thereof. According to the value of, the sequence data part SD of the rhythm part
Sequence data SD (PTN, 3, PP3) read from this address is "end data".
Find out if If it is an end code, the process returns to the main routine. If the result at step 66 is not an end code, the sequence data SD (P
TN, 3, PP3) is the "timing data" (because the "timing data" is stored at an address preceding the "percussion instrument sound number" as shown in a of FIG. 2). ). In this case, the next step 67
, The read sequence data SD (PT
(N, 3, PP3), that is, the value of "timing data" is equal to the timing data indicated by the current count value of the tempo clock counter CLK, that is, whether the current performance progress position is the sounding timing indicated by the timing data. Find out. If step 67 is NO, the process returns to the timer interrupt process of FIG.
If YES, go to step 68.

At step 68, the value of the read pointer PP3 specified by the combination of the pattern number PTN for specifying the combination pattern currently being played and the part number 3 specified by the value i = 3 of the variable register i is set to 1 By adding and designating "PP3 + 1" as a pointer address, the sequence data part S of the rhythm part is
Addressing D and addressed sequence data SD
The "percussion instrument sound number" stored in (PTN, 3, PP3 + 1) is read and stored in the register RN. That is, the current value of the pointer PP3 is "timing data".
Since the address of "P" is specified, "1" is added to it.
"P3 + 1" specifies the address of the "percussion instrument sound number".

At the next step 69, the "percussion instrument sound number" stored in the register RN is given to the musical tone generator TG together with the "key-on signal". The tone generator TG generates a tone signal having a percussion tone color of "percussion tone number" designated based on these data. This tone signal is
It is generated as an automatic accompaniment sound of the rhythm part P3 via the sound system SS.

When step 69 ends, the value of the read pointer PP3 specified by the combination of the pattern number PTN specifying the combination pattern currently being played and the part number 3 specified by the value i = 3 of the variable register i is set to the value of the read pointer PP3. Two
Addition is performed and the addition result "PP3 + 2" is set in the read pointer PP3. As a result, the updated pointer PP3 designates the address of "timing data" (or "end code" at the end of the pattern) indicating the sounding timing of the rhythm sound to be sounded next. Then, the process returns to step 66 and the same process is repeated. When the tone generation process of FIG. 8 is completed, the process returns to the timer interrupt process of FIG. 7 and the process of step 71 is performed. That is, the tempo clock counter CLK is advanced by 1, and then the process returns to the main routine.

In the above embodiment, with respect to the part pattern shorter than the reference time signature, the pattern data portion after the first beat is added by returning to the beginning of the pattern and by the number of beats insufficient for the reference time signature. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and pattern data of an arbitrary portion of the part pattern may be additionally played to match the beat number. For example, the pattern data for the second and subsequent beats may be added by returning to an appropriate intermediate portion. Alternatively, the pattern of the last beat of the part pattern may be repeated. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3B, rests may be added instead of adding notes. Further, although the maximum number of beats is selected as the reference beat in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the minimum number of beats may be selected as the reference beat. In that case, in the part pattern having the number of beats exceeding the reference time signature, the portion exceeding the reference time signature is not reproduced and sounded. Further, the user may be allowed to arbitrarily select whether to use the maximum number of beats or the minimum number of beats as the reference time signature. Further, the user may arbitrarily select a desired reference time signature regardless of the time signature of each accompaniment pattern, and process it as in the above-described embodiment.

Further, in the above embodiment, when the user combination pattern is set, the preset part combination pattern is selected to indirectly specify the desired part pattern. However, an identification code is assigned to the part pattern. Alternatively, the desired part pattern may be directly designated by the identification code. Further, the present invention is not limited to the case of collectively designating the combination of part patterns by using the information designating the combination of the part pattern which is the preset combination pattern and the user combination pattern as described above, and the individual part It may be applied when the patterns are designated one by one and arbitrarily combined.

[0059]

As described above, according to the present invention, 1
A new set of performance pattern data is created by selecting and combining arbitrary performance pattern data for each part from a plurality of sets of performance pattern data each of which has a set of arbitrary beats. Since the new performance pattern data is created in various combinations, it is possible to easily create new performance pattern data. At that time, the reference time signature for the reproduction performance is determined for a new set of performance pattern data, and the original time signature of the performance pattern data of each selected part is For performance pattern data for parts that do not match the standard time signature,
Since a part of the pattern is changed and controlled so that the time signature of the reproduction performance matches the reference time signature, the pattern data of an arbitrary part of the performance pattern data of an arbitrary set stored in the storage means is changed. It has an excellent effect that it can be freely combined regardless of its original time signature. Therefore, according to the present invention, an arbitrary part of a plurality of sets of performance pattern data having different time signatures is freely selected and combined regardless of their original time signatures to create a new set of performance pattern data. In addition, since it is possible to create a large number of such new performance pattern data in various combinations at any time, this makes it possible to secure musical order.
It is possible to realize various automatic accompaniments that are not stored in the storage means. Furthermore, of the original beats of the play pattern data for each part selected for the new set of play pattern data, the beat with the maximum or minimum number of beats is detected, and the detected beat is used as a reference. If the time signature is automatically determined, the reference time signature can be easily set.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall hardware configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

2 is a diagram exemplifying a data format of a preset combination pattern and a user combination pattern stored in a pattern memory shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically explaining a time signature matching process according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary flowchart showing an example of a main routine executed by the microcomputer of FIG. 1;

5 is a flowchart showing an example of setting processing in FIG.

6 is a flowchart showing an example of pointer setting processing in FIG.

7 is a flowchart showing an example of timer interrupt processing executed by the microcomputer shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of sound generation processing in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... CPU, 3 ... Program memory, 4 ... Data and working memory, MC ... Microcomputer, 7 ...
Pattern memory, TG ... Music tone generator, OP ... Operation panel.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of sets of performance pattern data, each of which is composed of a plurality of parts, are stored, and a predetermined beat is set for each set, and these predetermined beats have different beats. Means and a new set of performance pattern data consisting of a plurality of parts, for each part, select arbitrary performance pattern data from the plurality of sets of performance pattern data stored in the storage means. Selecting means, a determining means for determining a reference time signature for reproduction performance for the new set of performance pattern data, and each part selected for the new set of performance pattern data Playback performance means for reading the performance pattern data of the above from the storage means and simultaneously performing playback performance corresponding to the performance pattern data for each of these parts, Of the performance pattern data for each part selected for the new set of performance pattern data, the performance pattern data of the part whose beat does not match the reference time signature is the time signature of the reproduction performance. An automatic accompaniment apparatus comprising: a control unit for changing and controlling a part of a pattern so as to match the time signature. 2. The deciding means detects the maximum or minimum number of beats among the beats of the play pattern data for each part selected for the new set of play pattern data. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detected time signature is determined as a reference time signature.