JP2673489B2 - Structure of multi-natural revetment and revetment method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multi-natural revetment using multi-natural revetment blocks for retaining walls of rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.
It relates to the structure and revetment method, especially aquatic plants, etc.
The plant is made easy to vegetate .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various revetment methods have been developed and carried out to prevent erosion and collapse of riverbanks. For example, a common revetment method has been to build a retaining wall by stacking concrete blocks on the slope from the waterside or by placing concrete directly on the slope to construct the retaining wall. However, if the slope is covered with a concrete retaining wall, not only will the exposed concrete damage the landscape, but also water plants such as reeds will not be able to grow on the waterside, and the safety of flood control can be obtained while the waterside area is protected. Nature was destroyed. For this reason, in recent years, aquatic plants become habitats for small organisms, not only purifying water, but also firmly rooted aquatic plant roots stabilize the ground and prevent erosion. It has been reviewed. Therefore, for example, a revetment construction method has been proposed in which palm fibers are packed in a nylon net, the roll-shaped revetment material is laid along the waterside, and an aqueous plant is planted behind the revetment material or on the revetment material itself.

[0003]

However, it takes a long time for an aqueous plant to grow behind the roll-shaped revetment material or on the revetment material itself and to take root firmly to exhibit the revetment function. Therefore, it is not uncommon for the rolled revetment to be washed away by typhoons and storms. Further, even if aquatic plants take root behind the rolled revetment material or on the revetment material itself, the erosion prevention function and collapse prevention function by the aquatic plants are not so strong. Therefore,
A typhoon or storm may cause the riverbank to collapse and lead to an accident. Furthermore, the method of using the above-mentioned rolled revetment material requires a great deal of labor and cost because the construction of the environment for the growth of aqueous plants and the original revetment work must be performed separately. turn into. Therefore, the present invention provides a structure and a revetment construction method of a multi-natural revetment that contributes to nature protection and water purification, in which water-based plants such as reeds and irises easily grow on the waterside and has a reliable revetment function. To aim.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and what is stated in claim 1 is a waterside.
Concrete foundation is placed along the direction of
Build a retaining wall by stacking cliff blocks on the cleat.
On the seawall, the upper surface is open to the front part that becomes the retaining wall surface.
Then, the soil holder having an opening on the bottom was projected forward.
Basic concrete with multi-natural revetment block formed in the state
Place it on the upper surface of
The soil in the soil holder to the bottom opening.
It is characterized in that it is connected to the soil outside the soil holding part through
It is a multi-natural revetment structure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a waterside
To place the foundation concrete,
For the revetment method of constructing a retaining wall by layering blocks for revetment
In the block to be placed on the upper surface of the foundation concrete
Is open to the front and the bottom to the bottom, which is the surface of the retaining wall.
A soil holding part with a mouth is formed in a protruding state to the front.
Use natural revetment blocks to retain soil on the revetment blocks
Fill the inside of the soil with the soil inside the soil holding unit
To the soil outside the soil holder through the opening in the
It is a revetment method.

In the revetment method, the foundation concrete is
Position where the opening on the bottom of the soil holder is not blocked by the
It is possible to move forward and install a multi-natural revetment block
Preferred (Claim 3).

[0007]

In the invention described in claims 1 and 2, the basic concrete
The block that is placed opposite the upper surface of the board
Section, the top surface is open and the bottom part has an opening
Multi-natural revetment block formed with the front protruding
To fill the soil in the soil holding part of the revetment block.
The soil in the soil holder through the opening on the bottom.
Since the soil was actively connected to the soil outside the soil holding section, soil retention was maintained.
The roots of the aquatic plants that grew in the area passed through the openings on the bottom.
Easy to take root in soil such as river beds. Then, fill the soil holding part.
The filled soil is protected from water flow by the soil holder.
And artificially create an environment in which aquatic plants can grow easily.
Can be. So if we all depend on nature
In comparison, vegetation of aquatic plants on the waterside becomes easier.

In the revetment method according to claim 3 , since the natural revetment block is installed by advancing to a position where the opening on the bottom surface of the soil retaining portion is not blocked by the foundation concrete, the soil in the soil retaining portion is It surely connects to the surrounding soil such as river beds.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a retaining wall 1 on a riverbank constructed by the bank protection method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the retaining wall 1 shown in FIG.

In this retaining wall 1, a foundation concrete 2 is placed at a position lower than the riverbed along the extending direction of the riverbank which is the waterside, and a multi-natural revetment block 3 is provided on the foundation concrete 2 as a root stone block. 3 are placed in a continuous installation state, standard blocks 4 are stacked on these root stone blocks 3 in a continuous installation state, and top blocks 5 are stacked on these standard blocks 4 in a continuous installation state by the seawall construction method. In this embodiment, the standard block 4 has one stage for convenience of explanation, but the standard block 4 can be constructed to have a desired height by appropriately setting the number of stages.

The multi-natural revetment block 3 shown in FIG. 3, which is the root stone block 3, exerts a strong revetment function and also prevents the soil in which aquatic plants are clustered from flowing to promote the growth of aquatic plants. The purpose is to prevent the roots of the aquatic plants growing in the holding portion from extending to the river bed and preventing erosion of the soil of the river bed. And a thick plate-shaped rear surface portion 7 arranged in parallel to the rear of the front surface portion 6 are connected by a plate-shaped connecting portion 8 in the front-rear direction to form a hollow portion 9 between the front surface portion 6 and the rear surface portion 7. The soil holding part 10 is formed in the lower part of the front surface of the so as to project forward. The hollow portion 9 is mainly used for constructing the retaining wall 1 so as to pass through reinforcing bars such as vertical reinforcements and horizontal reinforcements, to insert a gallstone, and to place a gallet concrete.

The front portion 6 is combined with the left and right blocks and the upper block when it is placed on the upper surface of the foundation concrete 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lower side is formed flat and the left and right side sides are perpendicular to the lower side. The convex portion 11 is formed in the center of the upper side which is formed linearly and is parallel to the lower side. The front part 6 may have any shape as long as the lower side is flat in the horizontal direction and can be placed on the basic concrete 2, and the right and left side sides and the upper side can be exactly combined with the blocks which are continuously provided on the left and right sides and above.

In addition, the multi-natural revetment block 3 shown in FIG. 3 has a decorative projection 12 on the surface of the front surface 6 that imitates natural stone.
And the entire surface is colored similar to natural stone to create a design that looks like natural stone is piled up, and the retaining wall 1 that is a concrete structure is fused with the surrounding natural environment to make it look unnatural. It is designed to create a landscape that does not give.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the soil holding portion 10 formed so as to project to the front of the front surface portion 6 has the side wall portions 13 extending forward from the left and right sides and the middle of the front surface portion 6, The front ends of the side wall portions 13 are connected by a front wall 14 to form a bottom-out pocket-like body or box-like body.
Therefore, the soil holder 10 has a large open top surface and a large opening 15 formed on the bottom surface. The soil holding portion 10 is integrally molded at the same time when the front portion 6, the rear portion 7, the connecting portion 8 and the like are cast by pouring concrete into the mold. In addition, it is aesthetically preferable that the side wall portion 13 and the front wall 14 are formed of curved surfaces so that the walls 13 and 14 can be naturally and smoothly connected to each other, rather than being formed of a flat surface to define the boundary.

Next, the standard block 4 will be described.
This standard block 4 has a thick plate-shaped front surface portion serving as the surface of the retaining wall 1 and a thick plate-shaped rear surface portion arranged in parallel behind the front surface portion in the front-rear direction, like the root stone block 3 described above. The plate-shaped connecting portion is connected to form a hollow portion between the front surface portion and the rear surface portion. The front surface of the standard block 4 has a substantially cross shape in which a lower convex portion 16 is formed on the lower side and an upper convex portion 17 is formed on the upper side. The lower convex portion 16 is a convex portion 1 of an adjacent root stone block 3.
1 is set to have a size and shape to fit in a recess formed between the two, and the upper convex portion 17 is set to have a size and shape to fit in a recess of the top block 5 described later. .
Then, it is desirable to form a decorative projection (not shown) similar to the decorative projection 12 provided on the front surface 6 of the root stone block 3 on the surface of the front surface portion 6. The rear surface portion is formed in the same shape and size as the front surface portion, and is stably assembled on the rear surface portion 7 of the root stone block 3.

The top block 5 connects a thick plate-shaped front surface portion serving as the surface of the retaining wall 1 and a thick plate-shaped rear surface portion arranged in parallel to the rear of the front surface portion by a plate-shaped connecting portion in the front-rear direction. A hollow portion is formed between them. The front surface of the top block 5 has a shape which is upside down from the front surface 6 of the root stone block 3, the upper side is formed flat, and the lower side is formed between the upper convex portions 17 of the adjacent standard blocks 4. The lower convex portion 18 having a size and shape to be fitted in the concave portion is formed. And
It is desirable to form a decorative projection (not shown) similar to the decorative projection 12 provided on the front surface 6 of the root stone block 3 or the standard block 4 on the surface of this front surface portion. The rear surface portion is formed in the same shape and size as the front surface portion.

Next, a revetment construction method for constructing the retaining wall 1 by stacking the above blocks will be described. First, the foundation concrete 2 is placed at a position lower than the riverbed along the extending direction of the riverbank, and the multi-natural revetment block 3 shown in FIG. Then, the standard blocks 4 are stacked on the root stone blocks 3 by shifting the positions of half blocks, and the lower convex portions 16 of the standard blocks 4 are fitted in the concave portions formed between the convex portions 11 of the root stone block 3. To combine. The standard blocks 4 stacked in this manner on the root stone block 3 in this manner
The top blocks 5 are stacked on top of each other by shifting the positions of half blocks, and the lower projections 18 of the top blocks 5 are fitted in the recesses formed between the upper projections 17 of the standard block 4. It should be noted that in the hollow portion 9 of each block, a reinforcing bar having a lower end embedded in the basic concrete 2 is passed through and concrete is poured to secure the required strength.

Further, when the root stone block 3 is placed on the foundation concrete 2, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening 15 on the bottom surface of the soil holding portion 10 is positioned in front of the front end of the foundation concrete 2 to remove soil. The bottom opening 15 of the holder 10 is prevented from being blocked by the foundation concrete 2.

In addition, the lower edge of the soil holding portion 10 is connected to the front portion 6
When the root stone block 3 is placed on the foundation concrete 2, a gap is secured between the bottom edge of the soil holding unit 10 and the upper surface of the foundation concrete 2 when set higher than the bottom edge of the foundation concrete 2. Therefore, even if the riverbed or the like is extremely soft and the basic concrete 2 becomes wide, the soil in the soil holding portion 10 and the soil of the riverbed are reliably connected through the openings 15 on the bottom surface.

Then, the soil holding portion 10 of the root stone block 3
A soil suitable for the growth of aquatic plants is filled therein, and the filled soil is mixed with fertilizer. Further, seeds of aquatic plants or seedlings or plants of aquatic plants can be planted on this soil.

When the retaining wall 1 is constructed in this manner, since the basic concrete 2 is lower than the edge of the river bed, the lower end of the soil holding portion 10 of the root stone block 3 is at least buried in the soil of the river bed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the soil holder 1
The soil filled in the soil holding portion 10 is connected to the soil of the riverbed through the opening 15 on the bottom surface of 0. The soil holder 1
The upper end of 0 may be just buried in the soil at the end of the river bed.
When the upper surface of the soil in the soil holding unit 10 and the surface of the soil of the riverbed are located at substantially the same level as described above, the soil in the soil holding unit 10 becomes at the same height as the riverbed, and the soil is closer to the nature, and thus the soil holding This is because the seeds in the part 10 are likely to germinate in a state close to nature, similarly to germinate from the seedling or the plant, and the subsequent growth proceeds smoothly in the environment where the natural state is restored.

When the retaining wall 1 is constructed on the riverbank by the above-mentioned revetment construction method, the retaining wall 1 is made of a concrete block. Therefore, when the retaining wall 1 is completed, the riverbank can be immediately strongly protected to prevent collapse and erosion. Therefore, the safety of the river can be significantly improved.

Further, even if water flows, the soil in the soil holding portion 10 is protected from the water flow by the side wall of the soil holding portion 10 and the front wall 14, so that it is not washed away.
Then, after some time has passed since the construction, the seeds sprinkled on the soil in the soil holding portion 10 germinate on the spot,
Grow. In addition, when a seedling or a plant of an aqueous plant is planted in the soil holding unit 10, leaves and stems grow smoothly from the seedling or the plant, as in the case of seeding.

Therefore, even if the retaining wall 1 is constructed by using the concrete revetment block, since the aquatic plants grow on the waterside, the natural landscape is hardly impaired, and conversely, the aquatic plants are positively planted. , It is possible to recover the ideal natural landscape than before construction. It should be noted that if the colored decorative protrusions 12 imitating natural stones are formed on the front surface portion 6 of each block, the landscape becomes more natural.

Then, the roots grow along with the growth of the above-mentioned aqueous plants, and finally the roots take root from the bottom opening 15 of the soil holding portion 10 to the river bed. Therefore, the soil of the ground of the riverbed is strengthened and stabilized by the roots of the aquatic plants growing from the inside of the soil holding unit 10, and becomes difficult to flow out by the water flow.

Further, when aquatic plants grow from the soil holding portion 10, these plants form a group and become vegetation, and as shown in FIG. 2, a new root or rhizome extends from the bottom opening 15 to the riverbed. A bud emerges and grows, and an aqueous plant grows outside the soil holding unit 10. When these aquatic plants form vegetation along the waterside, this vegetation becomes a home for small organisms and contributes to the restoration of nature. In addition, when aquatic plants grow in groups on the waterside, the natural purification function is enhanced, and water stains are removed to clean the water. Further, since the work of artificially preparing such a natural environment can be performed by the original revetment work, it is not necessary to perform a separate work, and labor and cost can be significantly reduced.

Since the soil holding section 10 is for preventing the outflow of the soil required for the vegetation of the aqueous plants and protecting the seeds and the plants as described above, the aqueous plants grow. It is desirable that the upper surface be largely opened so that the range to be covered is wide. However, the soil holder 10
It is not necessary to open the whole bottom surface of the plant because the roots of aquatic plants need to extend to the riverbed. For this reason,
It is also possible to form a bottom portion integrally with the side wall portion 13 and the front wall 14 to form the soil holding portion 10 as a bottomed box-shaped body or a bottomed pocket-shaped body, and to form a through hole as an opening portion in this bottom portion. In this way, when the soil holding part 10 is a box-shaped body with a bottom or a pocket-shaped body with a bottom, the function of holding the soil filled inside can be improved.

Further, the soil holding portion 10 is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, but is formed so as to project from the front surface portion 6 and has an open vacant portion on the upper surface for holding soil. The number and height of one block may be changed as appropriate. For example, a plurality of soil holders 1
0 may be provided so as to have different heights, or may have different vertical lengths.

As described above, when the heights of the soil holding portions 10 are made different, it is possible to grow an aqueous plant that vegetates in a soil having a shallow water depth and an aqueous plant that vegetates in a soil having a slight water depth, which is suitable for the characteristics of the aqueous plant. Can grow at water level.

Further, the soil holding portion 10 shown in FIG. 4 has a pair of side wall portions 13 extending forward from the front surface portion 6 serving as the surface of the retaining wall 1, and the front wall 14 from the tips of the left and right side wall portions 13. Are formed so as to extend in the lateral direction facing each other to form a slit-shaped gap 19 between the ends of the front wall 14, and the upper surface and the lower surface are opened and the gap 19 of the front wall 14 is also opened. . In this way, the gap 1 is formed on the front surface of the soil holder 10.
Forming 9, in addition to the above-described effects of the soil retaining portion 10 such as a soil outflow prevention function, the root easily extends from the soil retaining portion 10 through the gaps 19 into the river bed, and the flow due to the water flow. There is an effect that the soil and nutrients that have been introduced easily enter the soil holding portion 10 through the gaps 19 and accumulate.

In the soil holding portion 10 shown in FIG. 5, the side wall portion 13 extends forward from the front surface portion 6 serving as the surface of the retaining wall 1, and the front wall 14 extends laterally from the tip of the side wall portion 13. It is extended so that the upper and lower surfaces and one side surface are open. In this way, by opening one side surface of the soil holding unit 10, it is possible to prevent the soil in the soil holding unit 10 from flowing out by a water flow when the open side surface is installed toward the upstream side, while The soil and nutrients that have been washed away easily accumulate in the soil holding portion 10, which is suitable for growing aqueous plants.

Incidentally, the side wall portion 1 of the soil holding portion 10 described above.
The connecting portion between 3 and the front wall 14 does not need to be clearly bent, but may be a gently curved wall as shown in the drawing. Further, the type of soil filled in the soil holding unit 10 and the type of plants such as seeds, seedlings, and plants can be freely selected according to the local characteristics of the site such as the temperature of the four seasons.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, not only can a reliable revetment function be exhibited from the time the revetment work is completed, but also water plants such as reeds and irises easily grow on the waterside. Therefore, aquatic plants become vegetation, which stabilizes the ground at the bottom of the water such as a riverbed, and can also be expected to naturally purify water, which can greatly contribute to the protection of the natural environment. Then, the revetment work can be performed at the same time to improve the environment for the aquatic plants, so that it is not necessary to perform the work for the aquatic plants again. Therefore, the work efficiency is good, which greatly contributes to the reduction of labor and cost.

In addition, the soil-holding part of the multi-natural type Sekigishi block
Fill the inside with soil and open the bottom of the soil in this soil holder.
Actively connected to the soil outside the soil holder through the mouth
As a result, the roots of the aqueous fertilizer grown in the soil holding area are
It easily passes through the mouth and takes root in soil such as river beds . Accordingly
Stabilizes the bottom of the water, which is not directly protected by the retaining wall.
Can be a river. lake. Great for waterfront environment maintenance such as ponds
You can contribute positively. Then, fill the soil holding part.
The filled soil is protected from water flow by the soil holder.
And artificially create an environment in which water plants grow fast.
Can be. So if we all depend on nature
In comparison, vegetation of aquatic plants on the waterside becomes easier.

The seawall construction method according to claim 3 is based on a foundation concrete
Since the multi-natural revetment block is installed by advancing to a position where the opening on the bottom of the soil retaining section is not blocked by the cleat, the soil in the soil retaining section is surely connected to the surrounding soil such as the riverbed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a retaining wall constructed using a multi-natural revetment block.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a lower portion of the retaining wall shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a multi-natural revetment block to be stacked on the top surface of foundation concrete.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the soil holder.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the soil holder.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a retaining wall in which a top block is stacked on a root stone block.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Retaining wall 2 Foundation concrete 3 Multi-natural revetment block that becomes a root stone block 4 Standard block 5 Top block 6 Front part 7 Rear part 8 Connecting part 10 Soil holding part 12 Decorative protrusion 13 Side wall part 14 Front part 15 Soil holding part Opening on the bottom of the soil 19 Gap formed on the front of the soil holder

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A foundation concrete is provided along the direction of the waterside.
Placing and stacking revetment blocks on the foundation concrete
In a revetment that is constructed by stacking retaining walls , the upper surface is open and the bottom is an opening on the front surface that is the retaining wall surface.
Of soil-holding part with a bear-shaped protrusion protruding forward
Place a natural revetment block on top of foundation concrete
The soil retaining section of the revetment block with soil and
Retaining the soil inside the soil holding part through the opening on the bottom
A multi-natural revetment characterized by being connected to the soil outside the section
Structure. 2. In a revetment construction method in which a foundation concrete is cast along the direction of the waterside, and blocks for revetment are stacked on the foundation concrete to construct a retaining wall, a block to be placed on the upper surface of the foundation concrete is On the front part which is the retaining wall surface, using a multi-natural revetment block formed with the top surface open and the soil holding part having an opening on the bottom side protruding forward, the soil is stored in the soil holding part of the revetment block. A revetment method characterized by filling and connecting the soil in the soil holding portion to the soil outside the soil holding portion through the opening on the bottom surface. 3. The revetment method according to claim 2, wherein the multi-natural revetment block is installed by advancing to a position where the opening on the bottom surface of the soil retaining portion is not blocked by the foundation concrete.