JP2652760B2 - Solar heating system for buildings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for taking solar heat into a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a building, an interior hut space and an underfloor space are communicated via an inner wall cavity or the like, and air in the building is made to flow at the communication point to control the temperature and humidity inside the building. There is something. Air cycle homes are a prime example.

[0003] In an air cycle house, a ventilation wall made of a heat insulating material is provided inside the outer wall of the building and under the roof, and natural ventilation is provided in a ventilation layer formed between the outer wall or the roof surface and the ventilation wall. Adjust the temperature and humidity of the building by taking in and absorbing the solar heat into the air in the ventilation layer through the walls and roof, and using the pressure difference of the air generated in the ventilation layer to control the flow and stop of the air flow. .

[0004] Specifically, ventilation holes are provided under the floor below the building,
Ventilation openings are provided in the roof, ridge, hut, etc. of the upper part of the building, and the lower part of the ventilation wall allows the air to flow only from the space inside the building toward the ventilation layer, and opens with a slight airflow A damper having a one-way valve is provided, and a ventilation port is formed in the upper part of the ventilation wall to connect the building space and the ventilation layer. Underfloor vents have one-way valves that allow air to flow into the building from outside the building, but not vice versa, and vents such as the roof vent air from the building space to the building, but vice versa. Has a one-way valve that is not done.

[0005] In winter, both ventilation openings are closed, and in the daytime, the air in each ventilation layer is circulated in the space inside the building while absorbing solar heat through a wall or a roof. To stop heat flow from inside the building. In summer, the air that enters the building by pushing the one-way valve open from the underfloor ventilation port located on the windward side (positive pressure side) reaches the cabin space through the underfloor space, inner wall cavity, or the above-mentioned ventilation layer, It passes through the one-way valve of the ventilation opening on the leeward side that is opened by the negative pressure and flows out of the building. Accordingly, the hot air in the building is discharged to the outside, and the space in the building is cooled.

[0006] In the above-mentioned building, the outer wall and the roof are generally formed almost in the same manner as a normal building, and no special structure or material is used for these.

[0007]

Therefore, in these buildings, the roof surface, which is susceptible to solar heat, reflects sunlight or has poor thermal conductivity depending on the material, so that it is difficult to use it in winter when the sun is shining. In some cases, solar heat cannot be sufficiently introduced into the roof space. Since the above-mentioned building uses the temperature difference in the internal air circulation space to generate air flow, it is necessary to sufficiently absorb solar heat in the cabin space.

In view of the foregoing, an object of the present invention is to ensure that solar heat is taken into a cabin space, thereby enabling the air to flow efficiently in the building.
An object of the present invention is to provide a device for taking solar heat into a building.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention relates to a building in which a cabin space and an underfloor space communicate with each other through an inner wall cavity or the like and air flows through the inner space. The solar cell is placed at a position where sunlight can be easily received, such as sunlight, and the roof is partially covered with sunlight.
A feature is that a sunlight transmitting portion to be irradiated is provided, the sunlight transmitting portion is openably and closably covered by a light-shielding body having heat insulation, and an operation mechanism of the light-shielding body is operated by using the solar cell as a power supply. Things.

[0010] Further, according to the present invention, in a building in which a cabin space and an underfloor space communicate with each other via an inner wall cavity or the like and air flows through the inner space, an optical sensor is provided on a roof surface and a sunshine is partially provided on the roof surface. A sunlight transmitting section for irradiating light to the cabin space is provided, the sunlight transmitting section is covered with a light-shielding body having heat insulation so as to be openable and closable, and an operation mechanism of the light-shielding body is driven based on an output signal from the optical sensor. It is characterized in that it is operated by a driving source.

The present invention is mainly applied to the aforementioned air cycle house. However, the building to which the present invention is applied may be one in which the cabin space and the underfloor space communicate with each other by a duct having a fan operated by a solar cell.

The above-mentioned sunlight transmitting portion is usually formed by a glass window. The light-shielding body may be provided above or below the sunlight transmitting part, and its structure is constituted by, for example, a pair of left and right doors. It may be configured such that it is in contact with and blocks the sunlight transmitting portion, and is slidably supported by guide rails which are inclined downward toward the outer ends. The light shield is opened and closed by power from a solar cell, a normal power supply of a building, or both.

[0013]

When the solar cell receives solar radiation, the operating mechanism is driven by the electric power, and the light shield moves to a position where the sunlight transmitting part is opened. Accordingly, sunlight directly enters the hut space under the roof via the sunlight transmitting portion, and the air in the hut space is rapidly warmed. On the other hand, when the solar cell stops receiving sunlight, such as at night, the power supply from the solar cell is cut off, and the light-shielding body returns to the position where the light-shielding body covers the sunlight-transmitting part using the normal power supply of the building, and the solar light is transmitted. Close the section to prevent heat from radiating inside the building.

In the case where the light sensor is provided, when the light sensor receives sunlight, the light-shielding member operating mechanism moves the light-shielding member by the power from the normal power supply or the solar battery to open the sunlight-transmitting portion according to the output signal. Move to At night, the light-shielding body is returned to the position where the light-shielding member covers the sunlight transmitting portion in the same manner as described above.

As described above, the present invention provides a light-shielding member for automatically moving a light-shielding member when solar energy is to be absorbed into a cabin space, opening a sunlight-transmitting portion, and preventing radiation of air in a building. Covers the sunlight transmitting part, and the solar heat is automatically taken in a large amount and timely.

[0016] When a fan operated by the solar cell is provided in a duct communicating with the cabin space and the underfloor space of the building,
Ventilation in the building is made smoother when needed.

[0017]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of a house to which a solar heat collecting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a living space in a building, 2 denotes a space below the living space, 3 denotes a hut space above the living space, and the underfloor space 2 and the hut space 3 form an inner wall cavity 4 or an air cycle house. It communicates with the inner wall cavity through the ventilation layer 4.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a sunlight transmitting portion provided on the roof surface, and a glass plate 5b is fitted into an opening 5a having an area necessary for sufficiently taking sunlight into the hut space 3.

Reference numeral 6 shown in FIG. 2 is a light shield provided below the sunlight transmitting portion 5 and covering the entire surface of the sunlight transmitting portion. The light-shielding body 6 has a pair of left and right light-shielding doors 6 </ b> R and 6 in FIG.
L. The left and right light shielding doors 6R and 6L are both formed of a heat insulating material.

Reference numeral 7 denotes left and right light-shielding doors 6R and 6L supported by upper and lower ends of the left and right light-shielding doors 6R and 6L in the drawing. Sunlight transmitting part 5 so as to form a gentle mountain
Is fixed so as to be inclined downwardly outward in the width direction. The left and right light blocking doors 6R and 6L move outward along the guide rails 7 to open the sunlight transmitting section 5.

Reference numeral 7a denotes a stopper provided at the outer end of each of the left and right guide rails 7, 7.
An operating mechanism 8 for opening and closing the R and 6L is provided. The operating mechanism 8 includes a pair of upper and lower cylinders 8.
a and a reciprocating plunger 8b. The tip of the plunger 8b is fixed to the outer ends of the light shielding doors 6R and 6L. When the plunger 8b moves forward, the inner ends of the left and right light shielding doors abut each other to cover the glass plate 5b, and when the plunger 8b retreats, the light shielding doors 6R, 6L are retracted outward in the width direction along the guide rails 7. This allows sunlight to pass through the glass plate 5b. Reference numeral 9 denotes a sealing material attached to an end portion in a width direction (a direction in which the light-shielding doors 6R and 6L move) of a space between the glass plate 5b and the left and right light-shielding doors 6R and 6L of the sunlight transmitting portion 5. In order to ensure the airtightness of the space when the light shielding doors 6R and 6L are closed, an appropriate sealing means (not shown) is also provided at the longitudinal end of the space.

Reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1 denotes a solar cell fixed to the roof surface of the house, and the operating mechanism 8 of the light shield 6 is operated by the photovoltaic power generated by the solar cell. The solar cell 10 may be installed on an appropriate surface of a building receiving solar radiation instead of the roof surface.

Therefore, when the solar cell 10 receives light from the sun, the electromotive force causes all the plungers 8b of the operating mechanism 8 to retreat, and the right and left light shielding doors 6R and 6L move away from each other along the guide rail 7. To open the sunlight transmitting part 5. The sunlight is transmitted through the glass plate 5b of the transmission part 5.
To warm the air in the hut space 3. At night, the general-purpose power supply for the building is used to operate the operating mechanism 8 when necessary, and the plunger 8b is advanced to move the light-shielding door 6R,
Close 6L. In the evening, when sunlight is received by the solar cell 10, the closing operation of the light-shielding doors 6R and 6L may be performed using the power from the solar cell 10.

FIGS. 3 and 4 schematically show an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in the operation mechanism 18 of the light shield 6. The same members as those in the embodiment of FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 4, the left and right light shielding doors 6R and 6L have the other ends 18b of the wires 18 having one ends fixed to the inner ends thereof drawn into the building via pulleys, and the other ends 18b are electrically connected. Is connected to a winding mechanism (not shown) that operates. Further, the light shielding doors 6R and 6L are slidable on the guide rail in a direction away from each other by their own weight.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the light shielding door 6R,
6L, the inner end is indexed toward the center of the glass plate 5b and closed when the wire 18 is wound by the winding mechanism, and the winding mechanism stops at that position and is kept closed by being held. (See FIG. 3). And
When the sunlight irradiates the solar cell 10, the holding state of the wire 18 of the winding mechanism is released, and the light shielding door 6R,
Due to its own weight, 6L moves in a direction away from the slope of the guide rail 7, and unwinds the wire 18 from the winding device (see FIG. 4). The closing operation of the light-shielding doors 6R and 6L by winding the wire 18 is performed when the solar cell 10 is operated while the solar cell 10 is in operation. Otherwise, a general power supply for a building is used. .

The light-shielding body of the present invention does not use a light-shielding door that can be opened and closed right and left as in the above-described embodiment, but instead uses a single flat heat-insulating material in a predetermined direction along the roof surface. May be moved. Further, the light shielding body may be provided not above the sunlight transmitting portion but above the sunlight transmitting portion so as to be opened and closed to perform the same operation. In addition, a fan operated by a solar cell is provided in a passage, an inner wall cavity, or a duct for communicating the cabin space and the underfloor space of the building, and this fan is provided by a solar cell which is a power source of an operation mechanism of the light shielding body. If the operation is performed by electric power, the electric power of the solar cell can be effectively used other than during the operation of the operation mechanism, and the air in the building can be more efficiently circulated.

Further, according to the present invention, if an optical sensor for receiving sunlight is provided on a roof surface or the like, and an opening / closing operation of the light shielding body is performed by an output signal from the optical sensor, the inside of the building can be more efficiently used. Airflow can be controlled.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the sun comes out, the solar cell works to move the light shielding body by the power of the solar cell or by the general power received from the optical sensor, and because automatically opens the light transmitting portion, hut
The heat in the hut space can be quickly and as needed heated by the heat of the sunlight radiated into the space, and when the sun goes down, the light shield closes and covers the sunlight transmitting part, The heat radiation of warm air can be stopped automatically. Thereby, the flow of the airflow in the building is increased especially in winter, so that the temperature and the humidity in the building can be more appropriately controlled.

As described above, since the present invention absorbs a large amount of solar heat in a timely manner, by applying the present invention to an air cycle house, it becomes more effective to adjust the natural temperature and humidity. Become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of a house to which a solar heat collecting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the device according to the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a sunlight transmitting portion of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a state in which the light shielding door of FIG. 3 is opened.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Living space 2 Underfloor space 3 Cabin space 4 Inner wall cavity and ventilation layer 5 Sunlight transmitting part 5b Glass plate 6 Light shield 6R, 6L Light shielding door 7 Guide rail 8 Operating mechanism 10 Solar cell 18 Operating mechanism (wire)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location F24F 7/02 F24F 7/02 K F24J 2/00 F24J 2/00 A 2/42 2/42 D

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hut space and an underfloor space communicate with each other via an inner wall cavity or the like, and in a building in which air flows through the inner space, a solar cell is disposed at a place such as a roof surface where sunlight is easily received, A sun light transmitting portion for irradiating sunlight to the cabin space is provided on a part of the roof surface, and the sunlight transmitting portion is covered with a heat insulating light-shielding member so as to be openable and closable. An apparatus for taking solar heat into a building, wherein a mechanism is operated using the solar cell as a power supply. 2. A communication through the cabin space and the underfloor space of the inner wall cavities and the like, in a building an inner space air flows, the sun a part of the roof surface provided with a light sensor in the roof surface
A light- transmitting portion for irradiating light to the cabin space is provided; the light-transmitting portion is openably and closably covered with a heat-insulating light-shielding body; An apparatus for taking solar heat into a building, wherein the apparatus is operated by a driving source to be driven. 3. The building according to claim 1, wherein the cabin space and the underfloor space of the building are connected by a duct having a fan operated by a solar cell. Intake equipment. 4. The building is provided with a ventilation wall made of a heat insulating material inside the outer wall of the building and under the roof, and takes in natural ventilation into a ventilation layer formed between the outer wall and the ventilation wall. In addition, we let the air in ventilation layer absorb solar heat through wall and roof,
Utilizing the pressure difference of air generated in the ventilation layer,
2. An air cycle house for controlling the temperature and humidity of a building by controlling the stop.
Alternatively, the apparatus for taking solar heat into a building according to claim 2. 5. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the sunlight transmitting portion is formed by a glass window.
A solar heat intake apparatus for a building according to any one of the above. 6. The apparatus for taking solar heat into a building according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding body is provided below a sunlight transmitting part. 7. The light-shielding body comprises a pair of left and right doors, and these doors abut the inner ends at substantially the center in the width direction of the sunlight transmitting portion to shield the sunlight transmitting portion. ,
The solar heat intake device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each of the doors is slidably supported by a guide rail inclined downward toward the outer end. 8. The building according to claim 1, wherein the light-shielding body is opened and closed by power from a solar cell, a normal power supply of the building, or both. Solar heat intake device.