JP2645214B2 - Combustion equipment for industrial waste treatment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste, and more particularly to a combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste which prevents generation of soot and toxic gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a batch type combustion apparatus for waste treatment using a furnace bottom as soil as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-70575.

[0003] In this batch type waste treatment combustion apparatus, no problem occurs for wastes having a low calorific value.

[0004]

However, for example, when processing waste having a high calorific value, such as fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), the combustion in the combustion chamber proceeds, and if the combustion is violently performed in the combustion chamber, unignited. Unburned combustible gas and soot, which is unburned hydrocarbon particles, are emitted in large quantities in the exhaust gas without being oxidized due to thermal decomposition of the waste material. There was a disadvantage that it could not be done.

An object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste, which eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste according to the present invention comprises a heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body having an open bottom and a side wall and a ceiling. A chimney connected to the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body, and a chamber facing the chimney and a combustion chamber by a wall having a passage in the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body,
The passage has one end facing the chamber facing the chimney and the other end facing the combustion chamber, and is located above the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body and the heat-resistant so as to face the upper side of the combustion chamber. A combustion chamber air supply port provided in a ceiling portion of a porous concrete furnace wall body, a combustion chamber air supply adjustment means for adjusting an amount of air introduced through the combustion chamber air supply port, and the combustion chamber air supply means facing the passage. A passage air supply port provided in a ceiling portion of the heat resistant concrete furnace wall main body; and a passage air supply port opening / closing means for opening / closing the passage air supply port. The combustion chamber air supply adjustment means and the passage air supply port. An opening / closing means is provided on the side of the ceiling, and is installed with the bottom of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body facing the soil.

[0007]

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body having an open bottom and side walls and a ceiling.
Is installed with the bottom facing the soil.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a furnace bottom with the exposed soil, and 3 denotes a ceiling made of heat-resistant concrete, the surface of which is reinforced.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a chimney connected to the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 1. In the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 1, a chamber 9 facing the chimney 4 by a wall 8 'having a passage 8 is provided.
The passage 8 is positioned above the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 1 with one end facing the chamber 9 facing the chimney 4 and the other end facing the combustion chamber 7.

The passage 8 is made of a heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body 1.
Since it is located above and inside, even if a large amount of industrial waste is deposited and burned in the combustion chamber 7, it can be burned without blocking the passage 8 with the industrial waste. The high-temperature unburned combustible gas and soot generated in the above can be guided into the passage 8 without lowering the temperature and burned in the passage 8.

When the passage 8 is located below the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 1, a large amount of industrial waste is deposited in the combustion chamber 7 and burned. And obstructs combustion in the combustion chamber 7, and the temperature of the unburned combustible gas decreases as the position of the passage 8 approaches the lower part of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body 1. Even if air is supplied into the passage 8, it is difficult to burn.

The furnace wall body 1 made of heat-resistant concrete
Above the combustion chamber 7 on the ceiling 3 of the combustion chamber, combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, 63 are provided so as to face the upper side of the combustion chamber 7,
A passage air supply port 64 is provided above the passage 8 in the ceiling 3 of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 1 so as to face the passage 8.

The combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62 and 63 have
A combustion chamber air supply adjusting means (not shown) for opening and closing the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, 63 to adjust the amount of air introduced through the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, 63 is provided. The passage air supply port 64 is provided with passage air supply port opening / closing means (not shown) for opening and closing the passage air supply port 64.

In this industrial waste treatment combustion apparatus, for example, when treating waste having a high calorific value such as chip-shaped pulverized material of aged and damaged material of a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) boat, first, a furnace lid is used. 5 is opened, and an FRP chip is introduced into the combustion chamber 7 until the height of the FRP chip reaches a height substantially equal to the bottom of the passage 8, and industrial waste is stored in the combustion chamber 7 (fuel storage step).

The top of the FRP chip is covered with wood chips for ignition, the wood chips are ignited, the furnace lid 5 is closed, and only the combustion chamber air supply port 61 is opened to supply air to the combustion chamber 7 (combustion chamber air supply). The ports 62 and 63 and the passage air supply port 64 are both closed.) In this way, the upper part of the industrial waste is ignited (ignition step).

When the ignition of the FRP chip is confirmed and the combustion is started, the combustion chamber air supply port 62 is also opened to increase the amount of air supplied to the combustion chamber 7. In FIG. 1, the chip burning gradually proceeds from right to left, and simultaneously proceeds from above to below.

It is preferable to arrange an appropriate number of the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, 63 to adjust the air supply amount. As the combustion proceeds, the combustion chamber air supply port 63 is also opened appropriately to promote the combustion. As described above, after the ignition step, the combustion chamber air supply adjusting means (not shown) is adjusted so that the air introduced into the combustion chamber 7 through the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, and 63 allows the combustion chamber air to be supplied. The combustion in 7 is promoted (initial combustion step).

When the combustion becomes increasingly intense, that is, after the initial combustion step, the unburned gas generated by the combustion is guided to the passage 8 without passing through the unburned portion of the industrial waste, and the combustion reaction of the industrial waste is performed in the combustion chamber. The combustion progresses from above to below (full-scale combustion process). And the combustion chamber 7
Inside, a wavy air current is generated, and the chips are gradually incinerated from the surface layer to the core portion. When such a situation is reached, the passage air supply port 64 of the passage 8 is opened to open the combustion chamber 7. The combustible gas that has not been completely burned in the step 8 is almost completely burned in the passage 8.

That is, when the unburned gas passing through the passage 8 reaches a temperature at which spontaneous ignition can occur after the full-scale combustion process, the passage air supply opening 64 is opened by the passage air supply opening / closing means (not shown). The air is introduced into the passage 8 to burn the unburned gas in the passage 8, whereby air is introduced from the passage air supply port 64, and as a result, the amount of air introduced into the combustion chamber 7 is The combustion in the combustion chamber 7 is suppressed by reducing the number of combustion in the full-scale combustion process (passage combustion / combustion chamber combustion suppression process).

If the combustion state is continued without suppressing the combustion in the combustion chamber 7 (the combustion state is continued with the passage air supply port 64 of the passage 8 closed), a large amount of Unburned combustible gas and soot (unburned hydrocarbon particles) are generated, which cannot be completely burned and are discharged from the chimney 4 as it is. In case of burning, chimney 4
Since the draft amount of air from the combustion chamber is constant, the amount of air flowing through the passage air supply port 64 is equal to the amount of air flowing into the combustion chamber air supply port.
The amount of air flowing in from 61, 62 and 63 is reduced, and the combustion in the combustion chamber 7 is also automatically suppressed, preventing the unburned combustible gas and soot from being generated in the combustion chamber 7 in large amounts. can do.

Therefore, as described above, by opening the passage air supply port 64 by the passage air supply port opening / closing means (not shown), the high-temperature unburned combustible gas and soot (not Air can be supplied to the burned hydrocarbon particles to burn [exhaust (combustion by high temperature + unburned combustible gas + soot)], thereby preventing emission of soot, toxic gas and the like.

At the same time, when the combustion chamber 7 burns violently, the draft amount of air from the chimney 4 is constant (the chimney ventilation force ΔP is expressed by the following equation).

ΔP = K · H · ΔT where K is a constant,
H is the height of the chimney, ΔT is the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the chimney, and the ventilation force acting on the chimney is proportional to the height of the chimney and proportional to the temperature difference inside and outside the chimney. ), The amount of air flowing from the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, 63 is reduced by the amount of air flowing from the passage air supply port 64, and the combustion in the combustion chamber 7 is also automatically suppressed. it can.

The unburned combustible gas and soot (unburned hydrocarbon particles) generated as a result of the suppression are at a high temperature (reason: the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 1 is in a high temperature state). As described above, when passing through the passage, air is supplied and combusted, and the unburned combustible gas and soot are also gradually reduced.

That is, when the passage air supply port 64 is closed and air is supplied from the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 62, and 63 to burn industrial waste and burn more violently, the passage air supply port 64 is closed. Air is introduced and the combustion chamber air supply ports 61, 6
The amount of air in the combustion chamber 7 from 2, 63 is further reduced to burn industrial waste.

The combustion gas emerging from the passage 8 is a cylindrical chamber 9 having a cyclone shape and having a dust collecting function.
Tangentially penetrates the inside of the chamber 9 and receives the action of the cyclone where the small amount of unburned matter contained therein is repaired and accumulates at the bottom of the chamber 9.

The waste gas after dust collection is almost completely burned and released into the atmosphere from the chimney 4, but has almost no bad smell, very little soot, and little risk of environmental pollution.

Injection of the material to be burned into the combustion device for industrial waste treatment is carried out in a batch system, and after the completion of one combustion, the next combustion operation is started. However, since the combustion is completely performed, It is sufficient to remove the ash accumulated in the combustion chamber 7 after the completion of several tens of incineration operations, and it is sufficient to collect dust in the chamber 9 once a year.

Although the combustion mechanism of the combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste according to the present embodiment is not yet sufficiently clarified, as the combustion in the combustion chamber 7 proceeds and the furnace temperature rises, the furnace bottom is formed. It is considered that one of the major factors is that moisture in the soil is guided from the exposed soil into the combustion chamber 7, H ₂ and CO are generated by a water gas reaction, and combustion in the combustion chamber 7 is promoted. . Moisture taken out from the furnace bottom is constantly replenished from the surrounding soil during combustion, so once the combustion starts, the combustion is performed very completely and stably. In addition, the air flow in the combustion chamber 7 is very gentle compared to the case of a combustion device using a normal grate, so that dust is not lifted up from the burned material and almost no fly ash is generated. .

According to the combustion apparatus for industrial waste treatment of the present embodiment, the combustible gas which has not been completely burned in the combustion chamber 7 is exposed to a high temperature of about 1200 ° C. in the passage 8 and burned. When the combustion gas reaches the chamber 9, there is almost no unburned matter, but since the inside of the chamber 9 is still high temperature, a small amount of flammable gas etc. which has not burned in the passage 8 is completely burned in the chamber 9. Is done.

Therefore, the waste gas discharged from the chimney 4 into the atmosphere has almost no odor.

(Experimental example) 63 kg of FRP waste chips were put into a combustion device for industrial waste treatment of this embodiment having a combustion chamber 7 having a capacity of 2.1 m ³ , and 37 kg of wood chips were further sprayed thereon.
I ignited this.

The amount of exhaust gas during combustion is 370 m ³ N / h (740 ° C.
Was measured). At this time, the temperature in the combustion chamber 7 is 80
It was 0 ° C.

Next, air is also supplied to the passage 8,
The internal temperature became 1550 ° C. After 5 hours, the combustion was finished, but the ash (glass fiber for reinforcement) accumulated at the furnace bottom was 14.5 kg, and the analysis result of the exhaust gas emitted from the chimney 4 was as follows.

[0036]

[Table 1]

From the above results, according to the combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste of this embodiment, FRP can be almost completely incinerated,
It can be seen that secondary pollution due to soot and toxic gas hardly occurs.

In the above embodiment, the incineration of FRP was described, but similar results can be obtained for other general wastes.

[0039]

According to the present invention, there is provided a combustion apparatus for treating industrial waste.
A heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body having an open bottom and a side wall and a ceiling, a chimney connected to the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body, and a wall having a passage in the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body. The chamber is divided into a chamber facing the chimney and a combustion chamber, and the passage is located at an upper side in the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body with one end facing the combustion chamber and the other end facing the chamber facing the chimney. A combustion chamber air supply port provided at a ceiling of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body so as to face the combustion chamber, and a combustion chamber for adjusting an amount of air introduced through the combustion chamber air supply port. Air supply adjusting means, a passage air supply port provided on the ceiling of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body facing the passage, and a passage air supply opening / closing means for opening and closing the passage air supply port; The combustion chamber air Provided a sheet regulating means and the passageway air supply port opening and closing means to the ceiling side, and a bottom portion of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body since those installed so as to face the soil, it has the following effects.

The passage air supply port opening / closing means opens the passage air supply port, supplies air to the unburned combustible gas and soot passing through the passage, burns it in the passage and removes it. By preventing poison gas emission in a short time and reducing the amount of air in the combustion chamber, and because the combustion form burns industrial waste from top to bottom, Combustion is effectively suppressed and gently combusted to prevent a large amount of unburned combustible gas and soot from being generated in the combustion chamber, preventing excess unburned combustible gas and soot from flowing into the passages and chimneys. It is possible to prevent the generation of black smoke beforehand.

Further, since the passage has one end facing the chamber and the other end facing the combustion chamber and is located above the inside of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body, a large amount of industrial waste is deposited in the combustion chamber. Even if it burns, large amounts of industrial waste can be burned without blocking the passage with the industrial waste.

In addition, the high-temperature unburned combustible gas and soot generated in the combustion chamber are kept at a high temperature without lowering the temperature, and are introduced into the passage as a high-quality gaseous fuel and are satisfactorily burned in the passage. be able to.

(If the passage is located below the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body, if a large amount of industrial waste is deposited in the combustion chamber and burned, the passage is blocked by the industrial waste. The lower the temperature of the unburned combustible gas, the lower the temperature of the unburned combustible gas as the position of the passage becomes closer to the lower part of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body. Further, the passage air supply port, the combustion chamber air supply port, the combustion chamber air supply control means, and the passage air supply port opening / closing means are provided on the ceiling side, so that the passage air supply port and the combustion chamber are provided. If the air supply port is opened and closed manually, the combustion chamber air supply adjustment means and the passage air supply port opening and closing means are concentrated on one surface of the ceiling side, so the operation can be easily and quickly opened while checking the state of the gas discharged from the chimney. Degree adjustment It is possible to achieve.

Further, in this type of industrial waste treatment combustion apparatus having an open bottom, the periphery of the side wall of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body is exposed or installed, or in order to keep the heat inside the furnace at a high temperature, There are various usage modes such as a case in which the periphery of the side wall of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body is entirely or partially buried and installed. In any of these usage modes, a passage air supply port, a combustion chamber air supply port, and a combustion chamber are used. By providing the air supply adjusting means and the passage air supply port opening / closing means on the ceiling side, it is possible to achieve a specific effect such as that it is possible to cope with the problem.

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an industrial waste treatment combustion apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body 4 ... Chimney 7 ... Combustion chamber 8 ... Passage 8 '... Wall 9 ... Room

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body having a bottom part opened and having a side wall and a ceiling part, a chimney connected to the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body, and a heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body. Is divided into a chamber facing the chimney and a combustion chamber by a wall having a passage, and the passage has one end facing the combustion chamber and the other end facing the combustion chamber in the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body. A combustion chamber air supply port provided on the ceiling of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body so as to be located on the upper side and facing the upper side of the combustion chamber; and an amount of air introduced through the combustion chamber air supply port. Combustion chamber air supply adjusting means, a passage air supply port provided in a ceiling portion of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall body so as to face the passage, and a passage air supply port opening / closing opening / closing the passage air supply port. With means Industrial waste characterized in that the combustion chamber air supply adjusting means and the passage air supply opening / closing means are provided on the ceiling side, and the bottom of the heat-resistant concrete furnace wall main body is facing the soil. Combustion equipment for material processing.