JP2642331B2 - Vibrato application device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a vibrato providing apparatus capable of generating a musical sound to which a vibrato effect is provided.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

Conventionally, in an electronic musical instrument, vibrato is generated by various methods such as temporally changing a master clock, but there is a problem that a complicated circuit must be used to enable generation of various types of vibrato. . Especially,
The vibrato period or depth, which is an important characteristic of vibrato, is conventionally changed using a variable resistor to the period of the master clock and the amplitude of the vibrato, but this increases the number of external components, The structure becomes complicated, and there arises a problem of an increase in the number of manufacturing steps and an increase in cost.

[Object of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a vibrato providing apparatus capable of generating various types of vibrato with a simple and low-cost circuit.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rate designating means for producing rate data for designating a vibrato rate to be given to a musical tone to be produced, and a constant rate data from the rate designating means. An accumulating means for repeating an operation of accumulating until a predetermined value is reached in a cycle, and inverting a value of direction data indicating a change direction of vibrato every time the accumulated value reaches a predetermined value; Waveform shape designating means for generating designation data for designating the waveform shape of the vibrato to be given; and vibrato waveform data based on the designation data of the waveform shape designation means and the accumulated value accumulated by the accumulation means. Waveform data generating means for generating; depth information specifying means for generating depth data for setting the depth of vibrato given to the musical tone to be generated; A multiplying means for multiplying the vibrato waveform data generated by the waveform data generating means by the depth data from the depth information specifying means; and a musical tone to be generated based on the vibrato waveform data multiplied by the multiplying means. And a modulating means for modulating the pitch of the sound and inverting the modulation direction based on the value of the direction data from the accumulating means.

First Embodiment Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
An embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to this embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a keyboard having a plurality of keys, and 2 denotes a switch input unit provided with various switches such as a tone color setting switch, a vibrato speed setting switch, a vibrato depth setting switch, and a vibrato waveform type setting switch. The outputs of the key and the switch are both supplied to the control unit 3 for processing. The control unit 3 comprises a CPU (central processing unit) and the like, and periodically supplies a scan signal to the keyboard 1 and the switch input unit 2 to check the on / off state of each key and switch. Then, a tone generation control signal corresponding to the state is generated and given to the tone generator 4. The tone generator 4 is a digital controlled oscillator (DCO).
A tone signal is generated and supplied to the D / A converter 5 to be converted into an analog tone signal. The tone generator 4 may be provided with a plurality of tone generators to generate polyphonic sounds, or may be provided with one tone generator to generate polyphonic sounds by time-division processing. The analog tone signal is emitted as a tone through the amplifier 6 and the speaker 7.

FIG. 2 shows a specific configuration of the vibrato waveform generation circuit in the control section 3. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a vibrato counter, which is an adder 12 at a specific cycle (for example, 8.192 msec.).
Is supplied with the vibrato speed information and accumulated.
As a result, vibrato direction data is output from the most significant bit s of the vibrato counter 11, and vibrato cycle information is output from the other bits, and both are supplied to the vibrato waveform converter 13. The vibrato direction data is also supplied to the comparing section 14 and compared with the previous one. When the data does not match, the vibrato counter 11 is given a reset signal to reset it. Here, the vibrato direction data is data indicating whether the frequency is modulated higher or lower than the center frequency.

The vibrato waveform converter 13 converts the vibrato cycle information into a vibrato waveform according to the vibrato waveform type information, and supplies the vibrato waveform to a multiplier (or divider) 15. Multiplier
Vibrato depth information is also applied to 15. The vibrato waveform is multiplied (or divided), the result data is set in a register 16 and supplied to an adder / subtractor 17. The key code is also supplied to the adder / subtracter 17, and the vibrato direction data is added to the addition command (“0”).
) Or as a subtraction command (when “1”). Accordingly, the adder / subtractor 17 adds or subtracts the result data to or from the key code, outputs a new key code, and sets the new key code in the register 18. Then, the new key code is sent to the DCO in the tone generator 4 and
A tone signal with vibrato is generated.

FIG. 3 shows a data format of frequency information such as the key code. So this key code is 16 in total
Is represented by a bit of data, the upper 10 bits represent the pitch C ₀ -C up to ₇ semitones or more scale code (indicating the specific data in Figure 4), The lower 6 bits less than the semitone △ PITCH representing the frequency information of

FIG. 5 shows four types of vibrato waveforms of this embodiment. As shown, SAW UP, SAW DOWN, and TRIANGL
E, consisting of SQUARE.

In this example, the speed of the vibrato is 20 to
Range of 52EO (in hexadecimal notation), vibrato depth 1
It can operate in the range of ~ 300 (hexadecimal representation). When the vibrato depth is 1, the vibrato is not applied, and when the vibrato depth is 2, the maximum modulation is approximately ± 1.6 °.
(Cents) and shallowest vibrato, plus 30
When the value is 0, the maximum modulation is about ± 10 ct (octave).

Assuming that the operation period of vibrato is 8.192 msec., The period of vibrato changes in the range of 16.8 Sec. To 25 msec.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 explains the operation of the vibrato waveform generating circuit shown in FIG. 2 in order.

That is, when the key of the keyboard 1 is operated and its output is given, and the vibrato speed, vibrato depth and vibrato waveform type are set by the respective setting switches and the respective information is given to the CPU of the control unit 3 , An operation command is given to the vibrato waveform generation circuit at a period of 8.192 msec. Therefore, the vibrato counter 11 is provided with vibrato speed information, accumulates the information, outputs the resulting data as vibrato direction data and vibrato cycle information, and provides the vibrato waveform converter 13 with the resulting data. Further, the vibrato direction data is also supplied to the comparing unit 14, and it is determined whether or not the content is different from the previous time. If they are different, the vibrato counter 11 is reset, while if they are not different, the vibrato counter 11 is not reset.

When the set vibrato waveform type information is SAW UP, the vibrato waveform conversion unit 13 outputs the upper 8 bits of the vibrato cycle information as a vibrato waveform and supplies the vibrato waveform to the multiplier 15. To improve the accuracy, all bits (15 bits) of the vibrato period information may be output as a vibrato waveform (the same applies to the following examples).

When the vibrato waveform type information is SAW DOWN, if the vibrato direction data is “0”, the vibrato waveform conversion unit 13 takes the one's complement of the vibrato cycle information (that is, exclusive with the all “1” data). Logical OR), and outputs the upper 8 bits of the data as a vibrato waveform. On the other hand, if the direction data is "1", the upper 8 bits of the vibrato cycle information are output as a vibrato waveform.

Further, when the vibrato waveform type information is SQUARE, when the vibrato direction data is "0", 8 bits, and all "0" data are set and output as a vibrato waveform, and when "1", 8 bits, All “1” data is set and output as a vibrato waveform.

When the vibrato waveform type information is TRIANGLE,
When the MSB (most significant bit) of the vibrato cycle information is “0”, data obtained by doubling the vibrato cycle information is output as a vibrato waveform, while the MSB is “1”.
In this case, the current vibrato cycle information is subtracted from the maximum value of the vibrato cycle information, and the result of the subtraction is doubled and output as a vibrato waveform.

The data of the vibrato waveform is further multiplied by the vibrato depth information by the multiplier 15, and the resulting data (change amount) is further added to the key code (when the vibrato direction data is “0”) or subtracted (as described above). When the vibrato direction data is "1"), a new modulated key code is obtained and sent to the DCO.
Accordingly, a musical sound with a vibrato effect is created and emitted from the speaker 7.

Second Embodiment Next, referring to FIGS. 7 to 12, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described. Thus, in the second embodiment, the vibrato waveform generating circuit shown in FIG.
In each vibrato waveform generating circuit, the vibrato is applied independently to each tone having a different timbre.

For this reason, FIG. 7 shows the types of registers of each line when eight vibrato waveform generation circuits are provided and each is associated with lines 0 to 7. Note that these registers are provided in the control unit 3.

In the figure, a register LFn (n = 0 to 7) is used for storing a line flag. When the data is "1", the line is sounding (during key-on). When the data is "0", the line is not sounding. (During key-off). The CFn register is for storing center frequency data (key code) of each line. Further, the TPn register is for storing a tone pointer, and the tone color information set for the line is stored at the location indicated by the tone pointer. The tone pointer is set at the time of tone color switching. VIBPm
The register (m = 0 to 7) is for storing a vibrato pointer, and means a pointer to an area having vibrato information corresponding to the line. Thus, this pointer is also set at the time of tone color switching.

Figure 8 is shows the contents of the vibrato information stored in the area indicated by the vibrato pointer by line, respectively to each line VIB ₀ ~VIB _7, 6 types of the six registers illustrated Vibrato information is stored.

That is, the VIBFm (m = 0 to 7) register is for storing the vibrato flag. When the register is "0", it indicates that the vibrato waveform calculation has not been executed yet, and when the register is "1", it indicates that the operation has already been executed. ing. The VIBCm register forms a vibrato counter, and holds vibrato direction data and vibrato cycle information as in the first embodiment. Further, the VIBSPEEDm register stores vibrato speed information. The VIBDEPTHm register is for storing vibrato depth information. Further, the VIBWAVEm register stores the amount of change from the center frequency (key code). Also VIBK
The INDm register is for storing the vibrato waveform type.

FIG. 9 shows the types of registers in a special example in which two types of tone color information and vibrato information exist, such as an electronic musical instrument having a key split function and a tone mix function. In the example of FIG. 9, four lines are assigned to even (x) lines and odd (y) lines among the eight lines from 0 to 7, respectively. In this case, the TPα register stores a pointer to an area for storing the tone data α, and the TPβ register stores the tone data β
Is stored. VIBPα register,
The corresponding vibrato information is stored in each VIBPβ register.

FIGS. 10 (1) and 10 (2) show the line assignment at the time of the key split function or the tone mix function, respectively. FIG. 10 (1) shows the case of the key split function, in which each of the left and right keys split into four-tone polyphonic by tone α or four-tone polyphonic by tone β. FIG. 10 (2) shows the case of tone mix, in which even lines and odd lines are respectively set as a master and a slave, and tone color and vibrato are independently set. In this case, for example, a tone of a piano is set on the master side, and a tone of a violin is set on the slave side, for example. When one key is turned on, both tones are mixed and emitted. And in this example, it is four-tone polyphonic.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 11 and FIG. FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining the operation of the vibrato waveform generation circuit provided for each of the eight lines.

Now, a description will be given of a case where different tone colors (that is, up to eight types of tone colors) are set for all of the eight lines, and the vibrato can be independently applied to each of the eight lines. In this case, in FIG. 11, as in the first embodiment, of the operations executed every 8.192 msec.
The operation of the part (a) is omitted. Then, the n counter in the control unit 3 is set to “0”. Next, the data of the LF ₀ register is "1" it is determined whether or not. That is, it is determined whether line 0 is sounding (key-on) or not. If not sounding, the n counter is incremented by one, the next line 1 is set, and the data in the LF ₀ register is determined. . The above operation is repeated, the data of the n counter becomes "8", and when the determination of all the lines is completed, the current arithmetic processing ends.

When the data of the LF ₀ register is "1", because the line 0 is in key-on, then, in the figure, performs operations abbreviated to vibrato waveform The operation of (b) (in the figure,
(C) VIB operation). As a result, it is determined whether or not the direction data of the obtained vibrato change amount (VIBWAVE ₀ described later) is “0”, and if it is “0”, the key code in the CF ₀ register and the aforementioned The change amount (VIBWAVE ₀ ) is added to obtain a new key code, which is sent to the DCO.

On the other hand, if the direction data is not “0”, the change amount (VIBWAVE ₀ ) is subtracted from the key code in the CF ₀ register to obtain a new key code, which is sent to the DCO.

FIG. 12 specifically shows the calculation for obtaining the change amount of (c). However, since this operation is the same as the operation already described with reference to FIG. 6 in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. In the present case, after the change amount VIBWAVEm (m = 0 to 7) is obtained, (d) in FIG.
, That is, the operation of setting the VIBFm register to “1” is not executed.

Next, a description will be given of an operation when only two types of timbres are set at the maximum, such as the above-described key split function or tone mix function. In this case, if the vibrato waveform calculation for one line is performed, the vibrato calculation for the other three lines having the same timbre is omitted and not performed. Therefore, by setting two types of timbres, the calculation of the vibrato waveform is executed only once for each of two lines having different timbres.

Therefore, when the arithmetic processing of FIG. 11 is started, in this case, the processing of (a) is executed, the data of the VIBFm register is all set to “0” while the m counter is incremented from 0 to 8, and the vibrato is performed. A flag is set indicating that the computation of the waveform has not yet been performed.

Then n counter is set to "0", then data LF ₀ register is "1" it is determined whether or not. And “1”
In the case of, next, the data of the VIBF ₀ register is obtained by referring to the pointer of the VIBP ₀ register and using it as an index.
It is determined whether or not it is “0”. Since the _{value of} the VIBF ₀ register is “0”, the VIB operation of (c) is executed, and
Further, after executing the following operation, the n counter is incremented by 1 to set line 1. The processing of operations runtime of Fig. 12 (d) of the (c) is executed, VIBF ₀ register flag is set to "1".

Then to the line 1, the data of the LF ₁ register determines whether "1". And if it is “1”,
In this case, since the data of the VIBF ₁ register is “0”, the next (C) VIB operation is executed, the change amount is obtained, and the flag of the VIBF ₁ register is set to “0”. Set to 1 ". Then the n counter is incremented by 1,
The process for line 2 is started.

Now, if the key split function is set for this electronic musical instrument, the line assignment as shown in FIG. 10 (1) is performed. in (LF ₂ register flag is "1")
In this case, VIBF ₂
Since the flag VIBF ₀ of the line 0 is “1”, the flag is similarly regarded as “1”, and the calculation of the VIB in (c) is omitted and is not executed. That is, since the same tone colors are set for the even lines 0 and 2, the VIB calculation is omitted, so that the same tone sound of the key of the line 2 is set to the same vibrato and the same tone color as the tone of the key of the line 0. .

Next, when the n counter becomes "3" and the processing of the line 3 is started, if the line 3 is key-on, VIBF ₃
Is regarded as “1” because the flag of VIBF ₁ is set to “1”. That is, as shown in FIG. 10 (1), since the same timbre is set to the odd-numbered lines 1 and 3, also in this case, the calculation of the VIB in (c) is omitted and is not executed. Then, the next line 4 is set.

When the even lines 4 and 6 are also key-on, the flags of VIBF ₄ and VIBF ₆ are both set to VIBF.
_{Since the 0} flag is "1", it is regarded as "1", and the operation of (c) is omitted. Then, the same vibrato and the same timbre as lines 0 and 2 are emitted.

The same applies to odd lines 5 and 7, and the VIB
F _5, each flag is also of VIBF ₁ flag of VIBF ₇ is for "1""1"
And the operation of (c) is omitted. And line
It emits the same vibrato and the same tone as 1,3.

On the other hand, when the electronic musical instrument is set to the tone mix function, line assignment as shown in FIG. 10 (2) is performed. In this case, one tone is set on the master side of even lines 0, 2, 4, and 6, and odd lines 1, 3, and
Another one tone is set on the slave side of 5,7. As described above, after one key is operated and the keys are assigned to the lines 0 and 1 and the musical tones are mixed by two timbres and the sound is emitted, another 3 is added. If the keys were operated simultaneously, they would be assigned to lines 2 and 3, lines 4 and 5, and lines 6 and 7, respectively. Thus, already for lines 0 and 1
Since both the flags of VIBF ₀ and VIBF ₁ are both set to “1”, the flags of VIBF _{2 to} VIBF ₇ of lines 2 to 7 are both regarded as “1”, and the calculation of VIB of (c) is performed. Is omitted. Each of the other three keys is mixed with two tones and vibratoed to be emitted.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the vibrato period, depth, and waveform type can be freely and independently set, so that various vibratos can be generated, and a variety of musical tones can be generated. There is. In addition, since external components such as a variable resistor used conventionally for changing these components are not required, the components can be formed in an integrated circuit, and the manufacturing process and cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument of the same embodiment, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a vibrato waveform generation circuit, and FIG. 3 is frequency information. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a scale code, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing four types of vibrato waveforms, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an operation of vibrato waveform calculation, FIGS. 7 to 12 FIG. 7 shows the second embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of a register for storing information of each line of (7) to (7). FIG. 8 shows the configuration of a register for storing various vibrato information in an area designated by a pointer set in a VIBPm (m = 0 to 7) register. Figure 9
The figure explains the line information in the case of an electronic musical instrument having a key split function and a tone mix function.
FIGS. (1) and (2) show the contents of each line assignment in the case of the key split function or the tone mix function, respectively. FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining the operation of vibrato waveform calculation. 1 ... keyboard, 2 ... switch input section, 3 ... control section, 4
... tone generator, 5 ... D / A converter, 7 ... speaker, 1
1 Vibrato counter, 12 Adder, 13 Vibrato waveform converter, 14 Comparison unit, 15 Multiplier (divider), 16, 18 Register, 17 Adder / subtractor, LFn , CFn, T
Pn, VIBPm, VIBFm, VIBCm, VIBSPEEDm, VIBDEPTHm, VIBWAVEm,
VIBKINDm-Register.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rate designating means for producing rate data for designating a vibrato rate to be given to a musical tone to be generated, and an operation of accumulating the rate data from the rate designating means at a constant cycle until a predetermined value is reached. Accumulating means for inverting the value of the direction data indicating the direction of change of the vibrato each time the accumulated value reaches a predetermined value, and a designation for designating the waveform shape of the vibrato given to the musical tone to be generated Waveform shape specifying means for generating data; waveform data generating means for generating vibrato waveform data based on the designated data of the waveform shape specifying means and the accumulated value accumulated by the accumulating means; Depth information specifying means for generating depth data for setting the depth of the vibrato given to the power tone; and the waveform data generation means Multiplying means for multiplying the brat waveform data by the depth data from the depth information specifying means; modulating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated based on the vibrato waveform data multiplied by the multiplying means; And a modulating means for inverting the direction based on the value of the direction data from the accumulating means.