JP2639641B2 - Pavement road unit and pavement method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a pavement unit and a pavement method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional pavement unit, there is a pavement unit in which concrete plates are laid on the ground and connected to each other.

[0003]

However, such a conventional pavement unit is not easy to lay because the laying surface has to be flattened, especially when laying in a severely cold region. However, there is a problem that it takes considerable effort and time to flatten the frozen ground. In addition, when laying in extremely cold regions, if the laid ground freezes and rises, it will crack or rise and be damaged, so it has to be repaired each time, and maintenance costs are incurred. There was a point.

[0004] In recent years, casting waste sand that is discarded after being used in the production of castings has caused a problem of waste disposal, and attempts have been made to solidify and use the waste. However, since the foundry waste sand has minute particles, it is difficult to coagulate with a conventional coagulant, and the resulting composition has a problem that the compressive strength is not sufficient.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and simplifies laying work, is less likely to be damaged even when laid in extremely cold regions, and has a small particle size such as foundry waste sand. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pavement road unit and a pavement method that can effectively use fine powder of the pavement.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a pavement unit according to the present invention has a base layer and a pavement layer, wherein the base layer is made of a foamed resin, and the pavement layer is made of a cement composition. The cement composition comprises cement, calcium chloride, sodium silicate, carboxymethylcellulose, and powder having a particle size of 200 μm or less as main components.

In particular, the foamed resin is made of styrofoam, and the cement composition comprises 100 parts by weight of cement, 5 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 4 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 1 part by weight of carboxymethylcellulose, It is preferable that the powder contains 110 to 130 parts by weight as a main component, and 90% or more of the powder is casting waste sand having a particle diameter of 60 μm or less.

The pavement road unit may be formed in any size and shape, but is preferably a rectangular parallelepiped in order to enhance mass productivity and facilitate the laying operation. The foamed resin used for the base layer may be any foamed resin as long as the resin has plasticity so as to be able to absorb irregularities on the ground or the rise of frozen ground to some extent, for example, in addition to styrene foam, urethane foam, and the like. Is also good. The pavement layer may be fixed to the base layer with a connector such as a bolt or may be adhered. An adhesive layer and other layers may be provided between the base layer and the pavement layer, if necessary. An uneven anti-slip may be formed on the surface of the pavement layer. One or more suspensions may be provided at the end of the pavement layer to facilitate the laying of the pavement unit.

The cement is preferably Portland cement. Casting waste sand is sand that is discarded after being used in the production of castings, and is mainly composed of silica sand, iron, and ash. The cement composition of the pavement layer can be produced by mixing, molding, and curing the composition materials.
You may add a coloring agent, a water reducing agent, etc. to a composition material.

[0010] The pavement unit according to the present invention may have a cylindrical inner surface recessed along the center axis along the road surface at the upper end of the pavement layer. A side wall may be provided perpendicular to the road surface at the boundary of the road surface with the concave portion. The side wall may be made of the same material as the pavement layer and provided integrally with the pavement layer, or may be made of a different material from the pavement layer. In the pavement road unit according to the present invention, the pavement layer may include an electric pipe penetrating in parallel with the road surface, and the communication cable may be accommodated in the electric pipe.

In the pavement road unit according to the present invention, the pavement layer includes a lid accommodating portion opened on the road surface side, a cavity formed at the bottom of the lid accommodating portion, and a road surface fitted to the lid accommodating portion. And the lid may be formed at a position where the electric pipe is divided into two parts, and the lid may be openably and closably connected to the bottom of the cavity with a spring.

A heater may be provided inside the pavement layer or the side wall. The heater includes, for example, a heating wire, an air pipe, and the like. In this case, a connection terminal may be provided on the end surface of the pavement layer or the side wall portion so that when the two pavement road units are connected, the terminals are connected to each other. If the heater consists of an air pipe, the surroundings can be warmed by sending warm air into the air pipe to provide a snow melting effect.

A pavement method according to the present invention is characterized in that the pavement road units according to the present invention are laid on the ground and connected to each other. It is preferable that the pavement unit be detachably connected by a connecting tool such as a bolt.

[0014]

The pavement unit is laid on the ground with the base layer facing down and the pavement layer facing up. When the base layer is laid, since the base layer is made of a foamed resin, the base layer is plastically deformed to absorb a certain amount of irregularities on the ground, and is arranged along the entire ground. After laying,
The base layer absorbs the rise of the frozen ground, and to some extent does not swell or crack when pressed by the frozen ground.

Carboxymethylcellulose contained in the cement composition of the pavement layer is water-soluble and has high adhesiveness. Carboxymethylcellulose accelerates the hardening of the cement and increases the strength at the beginning of solidification. Calcium chloride has a rapid binding action of calcareous and siliceous and reduces the setting time of cement. Sodium silicate
It is hydrolyzed to form a syrup and penetrates between powders to increase coagulation strength in the long term. For this reason, the pavement layer has high compressive strength and can withstand use as a road surface.

The pavement unit can extend the road to the ground by connecting a plurality of pavement units. If some of the pavement units are damaged,
Repair can be easily performed by replacing only the damaged pavement unit with a new pavement unit.

In the case where the inner surface of the pavement layer has, at the upper end thereof, a concave portion having a cylindrical inner surface formed into a quarter along the central axis along the road surface, when the pavement layer is laid in an extremely cold region or desert, The snowstorm and sand that strikes from the lateral direction are rolled back along the concave portion, thereby preventing the road surface from being covered with snow and sand and making the road invisible. When the side wall portion is provided perpendicular to the road surface at the boundary with the concave portion of the road surface, it is possible to more effectively prevent the road surface from being covered with snow or sand.

When the pavement layer has an electric pipe penetrating in parallel with the road surface and a communication cable is accommodated in the electric pipe, the communication cable is laid at the same time by laying the pavement unit. be able to. As described above, when the pavement layer has the lid accommodating portion, the hollow portion, and the lid, the communication cable can be inspected from the hollow portion by opening the lid. In a normal state, the lid is pulled by the spring and fitted into the lid accommodating portion, so that the danger of the lid being opened unexpectedly can be prevented.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. 1 to 7 show one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pavement unit 1 is, for example, 90 cm × 180 cm × 55 cm or 300 c.
It is a rectangular parallelepiped of mx 600 cm x 55 cm. The pavement road unit 1 has a base layer 2 and a pavement layer 3. For example, the thickness of the base layer 2 is 25 cm, and the thickness of the pavement layer 3 is 20 cm. The base layer 2 and the pavement layer 3 are fixed at five places by inserting bolts 4, 4,... Penetrating the base layer 2 to near the center of the pavement layer 3. The head 4a of each bolt 4 is
Embedded inside.

Two connecting rods 5, 5 penetrate inside the pavement layer 3 along the ends 3d, 3e from the sides 3a to 3b in parallel with the road surface 3c. Each connecting rod 5 has a fitting portion at one end 5a that can be connected to the other end 5b, so that the two pavement units 1, 1 can be detachably connected. Pavement can be performed by laying a plurality of pavement road units 1 on the ground and connecting adjacent pavement road units 1 and 1 with connecting rods 5 and 5.

The pavement layer 3 has an electric pipe 6 penetrating therein along the side portion 3b parallel to the road surface 3c. The electric pipe 6 penetrates from the ends 3d to 3e in the length direction of the pavement unit 3, that is, in the direction in which the road extends. A communication cable 7 is accommodated in the electric pipe 6. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pavement layer 3 has a lid accommodating portion 8, a hollow portion 9, and a lid 10. The lid accommodating section 8, the hollow section 9, and the lid 10 constitute a power management box.

The lid accommodating portion 8 has a cross-sectional shape in which the central portions of both ends of the rectangle project in a square shape, is open toward the road surface 3c, and is formed near the corner of the pavement layer 3. The cavity 9 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and is formed at the bottom of the lid housing 8. The cavity 9 is formed at a position where the electric pipe 6 is divided into two parts. The lid 10 has a shape coinciding with the lid housing section 9 and is fitted to the lid housing section 9 to form the road surface 3c. The lid 10 is openably and closably connected to the bottom of the cavity 9 by two springs 11, 11.

The pavement road unit 1 has a recess 12 at the upper end of the pavement layer 3 along the road surface 3c. Recess 1
Numeral 2 has a cylindrical inner surface that is quartered along the central axis. The recess 12 extends from the end 3d to the end 3e in the length direction of the pavement unit 3, that is, in the direction in which the road extends.

The base layer 2 is made of styrene foam and is formed by extrusion. This styrofoam has plasticity so that it can absorb irregularities on the ground or the rise of frozen soil to some extent. The pavement layer 3 is made of a cement composition. The cement composition comprises 100 parts by weight of cement, 5 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 4 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 1 part by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), 121 parts by weight of foundry sand, and 112 parts by weight of water. Manufactured from As shown in FIG.
0% or more is composed of particles having a particle size of 60 μm or less.
It is composed of powder having a size of not more than μm. Although the casting waste sand causes a problem of waste treatment, it can be effectively used by using it as a material of the pavement layer 3. The cement composition
It is manufactured by mixing these materials uniformly, shaping them by pouring into a mold after mixing, curing after shaping.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pavement unit 20 has substantially the same configuration as the pavement unit 1, and the base layer 21 and the pavement layer 22 are fixed by bolts 23, 23,. It is configured. Two connecting rods 24, 24 penetrate inside the pavement layer 22 along the ends 22a, 22b in parallel with the road surface 22c. The base layer 21 is made of the same styrene foam as the base layer 2, and the pavement layer 22 is made of the same cement composition as the pavement layer 3. However, unlike the pavement road unit 1, the pavement road unit 20 does not include the electric pipe 6, the communication cable 7, the concave portion 12, and the lid accommodating portion 8, the cavity 9, and the lid 10 constituting the power management box. As shown in FIG. 6, the pavement road unit 30 has substantially the same configuration as the pavement road unit 1 except that the pavement road unit 30 does not include the lid accommodating portion 8, the hollow portion 9, and the lid 10 that constitute the power management box. Have.

To form a road, as shown in FIG.
Lay a plurality of paved road units 20, 20, ... on the ground,
A plurality of paved road units 30, 30,...
Is laid with the recess 25 outside. Paved road unit 3
, 0, 30, ... are paved road units 1, 1, every few km
Replace with ... The pavement units 1, 20, 30 are connected to each other by connecting rods 5, 5, respectively, and the electric pipes 6 are connected. In the gaps between the pavement units 1, 20, 30 are provided joint members 40, 40,... Having a T-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. The joint material 40 is made of rubber. The joint material 40 has an upper portion 41 straddling each of the paved road units 1, 20, 30 and a lower portion 42 sandwiched therebetween. Joint material 4
0, the gaps between the paved road units 1, 20, 30 are filled, and each paved road unit 1, 1, due to the temperature difference,
The expansion and contraction of 20, 30 can be absorbed.

Next, the operation will be described. The pavement units 1, 20, 30 are laid on the ground with the base layers 2, 21 on the lower side and the pavement layers 3, 22 on the upper side. When laid, since the base layers 2 and 21 are made of a foamed resin, they are plastically deformed to absorb a certain amount of unevenness on the ground, and are arranged along the entire ground. Therefore, the work of flattening the laying surface can be simplified and the laying work can be facilitated. Further, after the laying, the base layers 2 and 21 absorb the rising of the frozen soil, and do not swell or crack even if pressed to some extent by the frozen soil. Therefore, the pavement units 1, 20, 30
It is hard to be damaged when laid in a cold region. As described later, the pavement layers 3 and 22 have high compressive strength and can withstand use as a road surface.

A plurality of pavement units 1, 20, 30,...
To join the side portions 3a and 3b, respectively, to connect the one end 5a and the other end 5b of the connecting rods 5, 5, and to connect the ends 3d and 22a to the ends 3e and 22b. Thereby, the road can be extended to the ground with a simple operation. Also, by laying the pavement units 1, 30, ..., the communication cables 7, 7, ... can be laid at the same time.

A plurality of pavement units 1, 20, 30,...
If a part of the connecting rods 5, 20 and 30, one end 5a and the other end 5b of the connecting rods 5, 5 are damaged.
And the damaged pavement unit 1, 20, 3
Repair can be easily performed by replacing only 0 with new pavement units 1, 20, 30. When checking the communication cable 7, the power management box lid 1
The communication cable 7 in the electric pipe 6 can be inspected from the hollow portion 9 by opening 0. In a normal state, since the lid 10 is pulled by the springs 11 and fitted into the lid accommodating portion 8, it is possible to prevent the lid 10 from being unexpectedly opened.

The paved road units 1 and 30 provided on both sides of the road, when laid in extremely cold regions such as Siberia or deserts, cause snowstorm or sand hitting the paved road unit 130 from the lateral direction along the recess 12. It is possible to prevent the road from being rolled back and the road surface being covered with snow and sand, thereby making the road invisible.

Next, the test results regarding the strength and setting time of the cement composition constituting the pavement layer will be shown. First, in order to see the effect of strength on the cement composition for each aggregate, a strength test for each aggregate of the cement composition was performed. Table 1 shows the mixing ratio of the cement composition.

[0032]

[Table 1]

The cement composition used in the test was prepared by mixing 520 g of cement with a cement admixture, a waste of foundry sand and / or standard sand and water in the proportions shown in Table 1, and molding and curing. As the cement admixture, a mixture of calcium chloride, sodium silicate and CMC at a ratio of 1: 1: 1 was used. The total amount of the foundry waste sand and / or the standard sand was made constant in volume, and when both the foundry waste sand and the standard sand were used, the respective volumes were made equal. Toyoura standard sand was used as the standard sand. Portland cement was used as the cement. About the manufactured cement compositions of A to F,
7 days and 28 days after production, JIS-R520
1, a compression strength test and a bending strength test were performed. Table 2 shows the results.

[0034]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, when the cement admixture was not added, both the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the one using the casting waste sand as the aggregate were larger than the one using the standard sand as the aggregate. It can be seen that it has been significantly reduced. When a cement admixture is added, if standard sand is used for aggregate,
It can be seen that both the compressive strength and the flexural strength are reduced, whereas the compressive strength and the flexural strength are significantly increased in the case where the casting waste sand is used as the aggregate. This shows that the cement admixture has the effect of increasing the strength when the aggregate is composed of fine particles such as foundry sand.

In order to examine the effect of the setting time that the cement admixture exerts on the cement composition when the casting waste sand is used as the aggregate, a setting test of the cement composition was performed based on a cement setting test of JIS. Table 3 shows the proportions of the cement compositions and the results. The cement admixture used was a mixture of calcium chloride, sodium silicate, and CMC at a ratio of 1: 1: 1. The amount of water used was determined from the standard softness.

[0037]

[Table 3]

As shown in Table 3, when the casting waste sand was used, the setting time was shortened when the cement admixture was added.

In order to examine the long-term strength effect of the cement admixture on the cement composition when the casting waste sand is used as the aggregate, one week, four weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after production, Subsequently, a compression strength test was performed based on JIS-R5201. The cement composition used for the test was
520 g of cement, 0 g of cement admixture or 15.6
g, foundry waste sand 629.6 g, water 583 g, flow 14.
It was manufactured under the condition of 80 cm. The cement admixture includes calcium chloride, sodium silicate, and CMC at a ratio of 1: 1: 1.
Was used. Table 4 shows the results.

[0040]

[Table 4]

As shown in Table 4, when the casting waste sand is used, the compressive strength increases as the cement admixture is added over a long period of time as compared with the case where no cement admixture is added.

In order to investigate the optimum ratio of each component of the cement admixture for increasing the strength when the casting waste sand is used as the aggregate, a cement composition using each component alone based on JIS-R5201 is examined. A compression strength test was performed. The cement composition used in the test was produced by mixing, molding and curing 520 g of cement, 1 to 7% of the weight of cement with each component as an admixture, 629.6 g of casting waste sand, and 583 g of water. . As the cement admixture, a mixture of calcium chloride, sodium silicate and CMC at a ratio of 1: 1: 1 was used. Table 5 shows the results.

[0043]

[Table 5]

As shown in Table 5, when casting waste sand was used, the compressive strength was maximized when calcium chloride was 5%, sodium silicate was 4%, and CMC was 1% based on the weight of cement. You can see that it increases.

In order to confirm the effect of the strength of the cement admixture having the determined component ratio from Table 5 on the cement composition, JIS-R was used 7 days and 28 days after the production.
Based on 5201, the compressive strength test of the cement composition was performed for each component ratio of the cement admixture. The cement composition used in the test was produced by mixing, molding, and curing 520 g of cement, a cement admixture whose amounts are shown in Table 6, a cement admixture of 629.6 g, and 583 g of water. Table 6 shows the results.

[0046]

[Table 6]

As shown in Table 6, when the foundry waste sand was used, the cement admixture exhibited a compressive strength of 5% of calcium chloride, 4% of sodium silicate and 1% of CMC with respect to the weight of cement. It can be seen that the compressive strength is increased by about 20% as compared with the case where each component is in the ratio of 1: 1: 1. Thus, it can be seen that the use of the cement admixture in the ratio of calcium chloride 5%, sodium silicate 4%, and CMC 1% can solidify the foundry waste sand to a sufficient compressive strength.

[0048]

According to the pavement road unit and the pavement method according to the present invention, the base layer made of the foamed resin absorbs irregularities on the ground, so that the work of flattening the laying surface is simplified and the laying work is facilitated. Also, after laying, the base layer absorbs the rise of frozen soil, so it is not easily damaged even when laid in extremely cold regions, and it is possible to effectively use fine powder of particles such as casting waste sand, Effective use of waste can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a pavement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a pavement unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a pavement unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another paved road unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing another pavement unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state in which a pavement unit according to one embodiment of the present invention is laid.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a joint material used in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a test result of sieve separation of foundry sand.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,20,30 Paved road unit 2,21 Base layer 3,22 Paved layer 4,23 Bolt 5,24 Connecting rod 12 Concave

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-52303 (JP, A) JP-A-5-49920 (JP, U)

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pavement layer comprising a base layer and a pavement layer, wherein the base layer is made of a foamed resin, and the pavement layer is made of a cement composition. The cement composition comprises cement, calcium chloride,
A pavement unit comprising, as main components, sodium silicate, carboxymethylcellulose, and powder having a particle size of 200 μm or less. 2. The foamed resin comprises styrofoam,
100 parts by weight of cement, 5 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 4 parts by weight of sodium silicate,
1 part by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose and the powder 1
10 to 130 parts by weight as a main component, and the powder is 9
2. The pavement unit according to claim 1, wherein 0% or more is made of foundry sand of particles having a particle size of 60 [mu] m or less. 3. An upper end of the pavement layer along a central axis.
The paved road unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylindrical inner surface-shaped concave portion is provided along the road surface. 4. The pavement road according to claim 1, wherein said pavement layer has an electric pipe which penetrates in parallel to a road surface and houses a communication cable in said electric pipe. unit. 5. The pavement layer includes a lid receiving portion opened on the road surface side,
It has a cavity formed at the bottom of the lid accommodating portion, and a lid fitted to the lid accommodating portion to form a road surface, wherein the cavity is formed at a position that divides the electrical pipe into two. 5. The pavement unit according to claim 1, wherein the lid is openably and closably connected to the bottom of the cavity by a spring. 6. A pavement method comprising laying a plurality of pavement units according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 on the ground and connecting them.