JP2633317B2 - Polyester staple fiber for spinning - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a polyester short fiber for spinning, which is used for spinning with 100% polyester or other fibers.

[Conventional technology]

A spun yarn made of polyester staple fiber, and a fabric using the spun yarn lacks swelling and lacks a soft feeling.
It has been a problem for many years as having a so-called paper-like feel. This paper-like feeling is also a problem in the case of a blended yarn obtained by blending the polyester staple fiber with another fiber, and a high-grade fabric cannot be obtained.

Attempts have been made to use fine denier polyester short fibers to cover this drawback. As described above, the fabric using the fine denier polyester staple fiber has a soft hand, but on the other hand, has a new problem such as lack of swelling and lack of resilience which is an important required property of the fabric. Is coming out. Furthermore, polyester denier of fine denier, sometimes its single yarn denier,
With polyester short fibers of 1.0 de or less, neps and unevenness occur in the carding process, which is the fiber opening process.
It is not enough to take measures such as reducing the number of rotations of the dough in the card process, and the productivity is remarkably reduced.

As another method, an attempt has been made to mix different cut lengths by changing only the cut length without changing the denier (EP24198). Further, there is a disadvantage that the strength of the spun yarn is reduced because only the cut length is shortened without changing the number of spun yarns.

Further, as a further advanced method, there has been proposed a method of blending a large denier fiber having a long cut length and a fine denier fiber having a short cut length in a spinning process. (JP-A-59-26537)
Although this method is an improvement over the previous method,
The drawbacks of insufficient spun yarn uniformity and hand feeling and reduced productivity have not been solved.

This is because fine denier fibers are used as the constituent fibers, and the denier difference between the fibers is large, so that the mixing method in the ordinary spinning process, that is, the method of mixing in the batting process or the drawing process results in poor adaptation between the fibers. It is thought to be.

[Object of the invention]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and enables the production of a fabric having a swelling and a soft feeling which could not be obtained conventionally and which can be uniformly blended while maintaining high productivity in a normal spinning process. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polyester staple fiber that can be used.

[Configuration of the invention]

The present invention, a plurality of polyester undrawn tows, separately stretched, crimped, heat set, cut with a separate cutter so that the fiber length is different from each other, and then cut each short fiber A polyester short fiber for spinning, in which compressed air is continuously blown onto each short fiber without being once packed, and the fibers are opened and simultaneously mixed with each other, wherein each short fiber satisfies the following formula. Fiber.

4.50 ≧ D1 / D2 ≧ 1.25 (1) 1.8 ≧ D1 ≧ 1.0 (2) 1.0> D2 ≧ 0.4 (3) 65 ≧ M1 ≧ 5 (4) 95 ≧ M2 ≧ 35 (5) 1.61D ₁ + 26 ≧ L ₁ ≧ 10.2D ₁ +10 (i = 1,2)… (6) 44 ≧ L1 ≧ 1.13L2… (7) where D1: Fineness of thick denier staple fiber (de) D2: Fineness of fine denier staple fiber (De) M1: Blend ratio of thick denier staple fiber (Wt%) M2: Blend ratio of fine denier staple fiber (Wt%) L1: Average fiber length of thick denier staple fiber (mm) L2: Average fiber length of fine denier staple fiber (Ii) Polyethylene terephthalate is preferably used as the polyester in the present invention, and a part of the acid component and / or the diol component is a dicarboxylic acid such as isophthalic acid or 5-sodium sulfoiphthalic acid; diethylene glycol;
-Copolymerized polyesters substituted by diols such as butanediol and polyethylene glycol may be used. Matting agents, fluorescent whitening agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants, and the like may be added to these polyesters.

The spinning as referred to in the present invention includes everything that passes through the carding process.

In the present invention, one single denier of polyester short fiber is used.
It is important to use fine denier in which D2 is in the range of 1.0> D2 ≧ 0.4. The range of single yarn denier D2 is 0.8 ≧ D2 ≧
0.4 is a more preferred range, but fine denier must be used in order to make the yarn softer in any case. It is not preferable to use a yarn having a single yarn denier D2 of less than 0.4, because the passing property in the carding process is reduced.

Next, in the present invention, in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the blended yarn using fine denier, as one of the polyester short fibers, a single denier D1 having a thickness of 1.8 ≧ D1 ≧ 1.0 is used for a thick denier. Use things. If D1 exceeds 1.8 de, the texture will be rough, and if it is less than 1.0 de, the productivity in the spinning process will be reduced, which is not good. D ₁ and a ratio of D ₂ is 4.50 ≧ D ₁ / D
The range of ₂ ≧ 1.25 is good. If D ₁ / D ₂ exceeds 4.50, the fine denier fiber and the thick denier fiber become less familiar, and both behave differently, and the effect of improving the spinnability by mixing cotton cannot be obtained.
On the other hand, if it is less than 1.25, the fiber thickness on the thick denier side is insufficient, so that a sufficient effect cannot be obtained.

Furthermore, the mixing ratio M1 (% by weight) of the thick denier polyester short fibers must be in the range of 65 ≧ M1 ≧ 5 in order to effectively exhibit the kneading effect, and is preferably in the range of 40 ≧ M1 ≧ 10.
On the other hand, the mixing ratio M2 of the fine denier polyester short fiber is M2 =
From 100−M1, 95 ≧ M2 ≧ 35, and more preferably 90 ≧ M2 ≧ 60.

When such a low-density thick denier polyester staple fiber is mixed with a fine denier polyester staple fiber whose single yarn denier D2 is in the above-mentioned range in a normal spinning process,
It tends to behave uniquely, is not uniformly mixed, and tends to cause yarn unevenness. It is not clear what the cause of this phenomenon is, but one of the causes is that, when the range of fine denier D2 is as described above, the surface area of the fine denier fiber increases significantly, The friction increases, and as a result,
It is considered that the fine denier fiber and the thick denier fiber become poorly compatible. In order to overcome the drawbacks caused by such a phenomenon, it is effective that two or more types of polyester short fibers are kneaded in the process of producing polyester short fibers, and are preferably kneaded substantially uniformly.

As a general method for producing polyester staple fibers, in a spinning process, a molten polymer is discharged from a nozzle of a spinneret to be spun and collected as a raw yarn subtow. Next, in the drawing step, a number of the above-mentioned sub-tows are bundled with a raw yarn creel to form a raw yarn tow, which is stretched under heating, and then cut to a predetermined fiber length through the steps of tension heat setting, crimping, and relaxation heat treatment. And pack in bale. As a method of uniformly mixing polyester short fibers of different denier and the same cut length in these steps, there are provided a method in which nozzles of different dimensions are provided in the same spinneret to spin fibers of different deniers and kneading. Spinning and blending with different spinnerets for each weight unit, spinning different denier yarns for each spinning machine, and blending different denier yarns with original yarn creels in the drawing process, and these methods It is desirable to employ a combination of In particular, the above method is desirable from the viewpoint of uniform blending.

As a method of uniformly blending polyester short fibers having different deniers and different cut lengths, for example, a special device is employed as shown in FIG. That is, the tow Y1 made of thick denier fiber which has been stretched, crimped and heat-set separately is separately passed through the guide rollers G1 and G2 while the tow Y2 made of fine denier fiber is applied with high tension by the tension bars T1 and T2. Are supplied to the cutters C1 and C2 and cut to separate fiber lengths. The cut and falling fibers S1 and S2 are blown off by compressed air using the compressed air nozzles N1 and N2 provided under the cutter. The fibers are opened and mixed in the chute 1 and dropped on the conveyor 2 driven by the rollers 4. Reference numeral 3 is a compressed air discharge port. By supplying the tow to the cutter with high tension, the tow is easily opened, and the thick denier fiber S1 and the fine denier fiber S2 can be more uniformly mixed.

In particular, the fine denier fiber S2, which is difficult to open, falls into a chip shape after cutting, but is easily opened by being strongly blown by the compressed air nozzle N2 from the lateral direction.

On the other hand, in the ordinary spinning process, the thick denier fiber S1
It is considered that the thick denier fiber S1 is easier to open because it is intended to open by mixing the fine denier fiber S2 with the fine denier fiber S2. On the contrary, the fine denier fiber S2 is considered to be hard to open for the above-mentioned reason.

The number of crimps of the thick denier fiber is preferably 9 to 15 / in.
~ 14 / in is more preferred. If the number of crimps is less than 9, the entanglement between the fibers is reduced, and the passability in the carding process of spinning is reduced, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the number of crimps exceeds 15, the entanglement between the fibers becomes too strong and it becomes difficult to open the fibers, and the fibers are not uniformly mixed with the fine denier fibers, which is not preferable.

Further, the number of crimps of the fine denier fiber is preferably 11 to 17 / in, more preferably 13 to 15 / in. If the number of crimps is less than 11, the entanglement between the fibers is reduced, and the passability in the carding process of spinning is reduced, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the number of crimps exceeds 17, the entanglement between the fibers becomes too strong, making it difficult to open.
It is not preferable because it does not mix uniformly with the thick denier fiber.

The mixed fiber on the conveyor 2 is transferred to a packing machine and compressed and packed as a packing bale. As a measure of uniform mixing in the packing bale, 100 g of cotton lumps are sampled from the corners 5 to 12 indicated by the circles in Fig. 2 and slivers are created by flat carding each part, and the first and last slivers are created. From the micrograph of one section of the slivers, the composition spinning ratio for each denier is determined. The polyester staple fibers of the present invention preferably include all constituent fibers in any of the samples obtained from the 5 to 12 portions of the veil. In particular, regarding the ratio of the number of constituents of each sample obtained from each of the parts 5 to 12 by denier, the difference between the average value of the eight parts and the value of each part is preferably within 30% of the average value.

Next, the polyester short fiber used in the present invention must have a denier Di and a fiber length Li (i = 1, 2) satisfying the expression (6). When the fiber length is long, especially in the case of fine denier, the passability of the card process is poor, and nep or unevenness is likely to occur. To reduce such nep or unevenness, the fiber length Li is set according to the denier Di ( 6) It is important to shorten it so as to satisfy the expression. On the other hand, if the fiber length is too short, less than the range of the formula (6), especially if the fiber length of the fine denier is too short, the fiber arrangement of the fine denier fiber cannot be increased during the mixed spinning, and It is not preferable because it reduces the luster of the yarn. For example, if the short yarn fineness D2 of the fine denier short fiber is 0.4 de, the fiber length L2 of 32.4 ≧ L2 ≧ 14.8 is used.

Further, the fiber length L1 of the fine denier staple fiber and the fiber length L2 of the thick denier staple fiber need to satisfy the expression (7). If the fiber length L1 of the thick denier staple fiber is too short as in the case where these fiber lengths are the same, or if the fiber length is longer than 44 mm, on the other hand, the thin denier staple fiber and the thick denier staple fiber will not fit well. This is not preferable because yarn unevenness occurs. The problem of such yarn unevenness is that the fiber length L1 of the thick denier staple fiber is
By reducing the length within the range satisfying the expression (7), the density is reduced. In addition, the arrangement of the fine denier staple fibers in the blended yarn is improved, and the gloss of the blended yarn is also improved.

In the present invention, the initial effect can be obtained if there are two types of the above-mentioned thick denier fiber and fine denier fiber. However, if it is within the range of the present invention, the fiber of intermediate denier may be further mixed.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in order to overcome the drawbacks of using fine denier polyester staple fiber, the polyester staple fiber of the present invention is obtained by combining thick denier fiber and fine denier fiber satisfying the expressions (1) to (7) with polyester staple fiber. By mixing in the fiber manufacturing process, compared to the conventional cotton mixing in the spinning process, the spinning process improves productivity and spun yarn quality.
In the woven or knitted product of the final product, it was possible to achieve a soft feeling, drape property and resilience which could not be obtained by the prior art.

Regarding the improvement in productivity and spun yarn quality in the spinning process, in the case of kneading in the conventional spinning process, the kneading in the drawing process is, of course, a single fiber in the carding process. Insufficient effects cannot be obtained by kneading the thick denier fiber, which is insufficient, whereas in the case of the present invention, the fine denier fiber and the thick denier fiber are well mixed, so that the fine denier fiber becomes thick denier. It is thought that the passability of the pre-spinning was greatly improved compared to the kneading in the spinning, and the productivity and the quality of the spun yarn were greatly improved.

In the case of the present invention, with regard to the improvement of the feeling of the woven or knitted fabric of the final product, by improving the batting property, the mixed state of the thick and fine denier fibers in the spun yarn is made uniform, and the characteristics of both fibers are effectively improved. We think that we were able to unite.

The polyester staple fiber of the present invention can be effectively applied not only to the ordinary spinning process but also to non-woven fabric, wadding, and napped products.

 Next, the present invention will be described in detail by examples.

〔Example〕

A polyethylene terephthalate chip with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 was melted at 300 ° C, discharged at 285 ° C through a 1200-hole die, and withdrawn at a rate of 1000 m / min. At this time, unstretched yarns with different fineness were obtained by changing the discharge rate variously, and the denier was adjusted to 400,000 denier, stretched 2.8 times, and subjected to a tension heat treatment at a temperature of 200 ° C. Perform relaxation heat treatment in an atmosphere of ℃ Four types of tows having single fiber deniers of 0.4, 0.8, 1.5 and 1.7 de were obtained.

When two kinds of tows were cut, they were cut into various lengths using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and packed in a 200 kg bale as mixed fibers.

When cutting three types of tows, one more cutter was added to the device shown in Fig. 1 and cut into various lengths using a device capable of mixing three components, and packed in a 200 kg bale as mixed fibers. .

Further, the polyester staple fiber was subjected to a usual batting process, a carding process, and a cotton process to obtain spun yarn of English cotton count 30 ^S , 50 ^S.

After the spun yarn 50 ^S, with the weft,径糸144 per 2.54 cm, woven to a plain weave at the density of the weft 80 present per 2.54 cm, it was evaluated as a knitted fabric through the usual finishing step. Table 1 shows the results.

Further, by using the spun yarn 50 ^S, organized sheeting (28 gauge), was carried out through the usual finishing step was knitted evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

For comparison, polyester short fibers mixed with thick denier and fine denier alone were used, and spun yarn was obtained by the same process, and woven and knitted fabrics were woven and knitted.
The woven or knitted fabric was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

For comparison, polyester staple fibers, which can have the same configuration as Nos. 1 and 2, were obtained independently without mixing in the raw cotton production process. Mix and supply in the same configuration as (1) and (2)
No9,10) Spun yarn was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as No1,2.

 The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

In Table 1, BS, B as the substitute characteristics of repulsion
R is a value indicating BS = average bending hardness, BR = bending rebound rate, and J
IS L 1096 6,20 Determined by the 3, C method (loop compression method). In addition, U% and NEP in the column of yarn quality were measured using a KET80B type yarn unevenness tester manufactured by Keisoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Yarn defects were classified into 16 categories using a Worcester Classimat tester manufactured by Zellbeger Worcester Co., Ltd. It is shown as the total number of yarn defects measured separately.

As is clear from Table 1, in the case of the example, the card passing property was remarkably improved, and good results were obtained even in the final yarn quality.

On the other hand, in the comparative example, when the polyester staple fiber was fine denier alone (No.5, 7), the card passing property was inferior. Of course, the polyester staple fiber thick denier (No.6,8) was mixed. However, if the same fiber length is mixed as in No. 6, it is difficult to mix fine denier and thick denier evenly, and the card permeability and yarn quality are poor. Even if the length is changed, (6),
If the formula (7) is not satisfied, the yarn quality becomes extremely poor and cannot be adopted.

As in Nos. 9 and 10, those obtained by mixing polyester short fibers with each other in the spinning cotton blending process had poorer card permeability and yarn quality than those of the present invention.

In Examples 1 to 4, swelling, bulkiness and resilience, which are one of the objects of the present invention, were improved, and good results were obtained.

Further, although the reason for this is not clear, the gloss of the surface of the fabric (woven fabric) is remarkably improved, and the product according to the present invention has the quality as a high-grade fabric.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a cutting and mixing step of the polyester short fiber of the present invention. Y1, Y2: Thick and fine denier polyester toe G1, G2: Guide roller T1, T2: Tension bar C1, C2: Cutting device N1, N2: Spread pressure air nozzle S1, S2: Thick and fine denier polyester short fiber 1: Cutter Chute 2: Conveyor belt 3: Compressed air discharge port 4: Conveyor belt drive roller FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a sampling position in a bale packed with polyester short fibers of the present invention. 5-12: Sampling position B: Packing bale

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tsukasa Kobayashi 77, Kitayoshida-cho, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime Teijin Co., Ltd. Inside the Matsuyama Plant (72) Inventor Nobuharu Izawa 1-11, Minamihonmachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Teijin stock In-company (56) References JP-A-57-149518 (JP, A) JP-A-59-26537 (JP, A) JP-A-59-228023 (JP, A) Jikken Sho 53-46364 (JP, Y2) )

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of polyester undrawn tows are separately drawn, crimped, heat-set, cut with separate cutters so that the fiber lengths are different from each other, and then each cut short fiber is cut. Polyester staple fiber which is continuously blown with compressed air to each staple fiber without packing, and is simultaneously opened and mixed with the staple fiber, wherein each staple fiber satisfies the following formula: Short fiber. 4.50 ≧ D1 / D2 ≧ 1.25 (1) 1.8 ≧ D1 ≧ 1.0 (2) 1.0> D2 ≧ 0.4 (3) 65 ≧ M1 ≧ 5 (4) 95 ≧ M2 ≧ 35 (5) 16.1Di + 26 ≧ Li ≧ 10.2Di + 10 (i = 1,2)… (6) 44 ≧ L1 ≧ 1.13L2… (7) However, D1: Fineness of thick denier staple fiber (de) D2: Fineness of fine denier staple fiber (de) M1: Mixing ratio of thick denier staple fiber (Wt%) M2: Mixing ratio of fine denier staple fiber (Wt%) L1: Average fiber length of thick denier staple fiber (mm) L2: Average fiber length of fine denier staple fiber (mm)